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The use of glottal sounds is a unique feature of the Madurese language, serving as both a phonological marker and a linguistic identity. This study aims to analyze the patterns of glottal sound usage in the speech of students at Muhammadiyah University of Jember, focusing on formal and informal contexts. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, collecting data through observation, in-depth interviews, and analysis of speech recordings. Results reveal that glottal sounds are more frequently used in informal communication than in formal settings, reflecting the speakers' social and cultural dynamics. These findings provide important insights into how regional languages are preserved in academic environments and contribute to the efforts of preserving the Madurese language.

Lifestyle trends across generations have an impact on da'wah strategies. The approach with the stand-up comedy method or humor on the YouTube platform is the most up to date alternative. This phenomenon is directly proportional to the high prevalence of YouTube users in Indonesia. So this descriptive research aims to analyze the sentiment of public response to religious content delivered through stand up comedy. The data source for this research is a YouTube video uploaded by Dzawin Nur with the topic “Kuliah Antum - Ustad Kembali #2.1”. Sentiment analysis uses web scraping techniques from YouTube Comment Extractor and PredictEsay based on Natural Language Processing (NPL). From the 1.006 randomly analyzed comments, 300 comments showed positive sentiment reaching 99.6%. Meanwhile, neutral and negative sentiments are only 0.2% each. Da'wah through stand up comedy is effective as a da'wah strategy in a form that is more relevant to the transformation of social dynamics.

The integration of digital technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, and big data analytics into financial risk management has substantially altered operational dynamics within various industries. This paper explores the dual-edged impact of these technologies, emphasizing both the opportunities they create and the challenges they present. Opportunities discussed include enhanced decision-making through advanced data processing, increased transactional transparency and security via blockchain, and improved operational efficiencies through automation. Conversely, the challenges encompass heightened cybersecurity risks, evolving regulatory compliance demands, costly technological integrations, and the emerging skill gaps in managing these digital tools. The paper further investigates the implications of these transformations for different sectors including banking, SMEs, and the construction industry. Each sector faces unique challenges and benefits from the adoption of these technologies. Future trends suggest a continued evolution influenced by technological innovation and regulatory changes. The paper underscores the necessity for ongoing research and adaptive strategies to fully leverage digital advancements in managing financial risks. By understanding these dynamics, financial institutions can better navigate the complexities of the digital age, ensuring robust risk management and a competitive edge in the global market.

Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are widely recognized as strategic instruments for corporate growth, restructuring, and competitive advantage. This semantic review synthesizes recent Scopus‑indexed literature to examine the strategic implications and performance outcomes of M&A. The study highlights that strategic alignment between acquiring and target firms is fundamental to synergy realization, operational efficiency, and innovation. Managerial expertise emerges as a decisive factor, with effective leadership ensuring smooth integration and long‑term value creation. Market dynamics, including economic volatility, regulatory changes, and geopolitical tensions, significantly influence M&A strategies and outcomes, while technological integration accelerates digital transformation and enhances competitive positioning. Cultural fit is identified as a critical determinant of organizational cohesion, with misalignment often leading to employee resistance and reduced productivity. Financial outcomes vary, ranging from profitability improvements through economies of scale to underperformance caused by overestimated synergies or poor integration. Furthermore, environmental, social, and governance (ESG) considerations are increasingly shaping M&A strategies, reinforcing stakeholder trust and sustainable value creation. By adopting a holistic approach that integrates strategic foresight, managerial acumen, market awareness, technological innovation, and sustainability, firms can optimize M&A as a tool for growth and resilience in dynamic global markets.

This study examines the preservation of Madurese cultural traditions in Candijati Village, Arjasa District, Jember Regency. The primary focus is on traditions such as tanèyan lanjèng, rokat tasek, sapi sonok, and Madurese ludruk. These traditions face challenges in the era of modernization, including lifestyle changes and the influence of global culture. The research employs a qualitative method with in-depth interviews and direct observations as data collection techniques. The findings reveal that the people of Candijati Village hold diverse views on Madurese cultural traditions. Most still respect and practice these traditions as a form of cultural identity, while others have begun to abandon them, considering them less relevant in the modern era. The role of the community, including traditional leaders and local artists, is pivotal in maintaining these traditions. Preservation strategies that involve educating younger generations and gaining support from local governments are considered crucial to ensure the sustainability of Madurese cultural traditions. This study contributes to understanding the dynamics of local culture amid the challenges of modernization and offers relevant approaches for cultural preservation aligned with contemporary contexts. It is hoped that this article will serve as an important reference for preserving local culture as part of the nation's rich identity.

This study explores the dynamics of Coffee Shops in fostering creative tourism in Mataram City, focusing on their role as a bridge between urban lifestyle experiences and local cultural promotion. As a relatively new phenomenon, coffee tourism remains an underdeveloped academic subject, with limited primary data available to understand its potential opportunities. The purpose of this research is to address these gaps by examining how Coffee Shops contribute to creative tourism, local economic development, and cultural preservation. Employing qualitative methods, including interviews, observations, and documentation, the study identifies key strategies and challenges faced by Coffee Shops in Mataram. Findings reveal that Coffee Shops not only enhance urban tourism experiences but also act as platforms for promoting local coffee products and cultural narratives. However, challenges such as supply chain instability, fragmented institutional policies, and limited integration with formal tourism sectors hinder their full potential. This research contributes to the growing body of literature on coffee tourism by providing insights into its role in sustainable urban tourism development and offering recommendations for policymakers and stakeholders.

This research analyzes the role of witnesses in marriage contracts, especially differences of opinion among ulama. The majority of ulama are of the opinion that the presence of witnesses is a legal requirement in a marriage contract because of its function as proof, preventing disputes, and safeguarding the benefit of the people. However, Abu Tsaur has a different view, namely that the marriage contract remains valid without the presence of witnesses. This research examines the arguments that support these two opinions and analyzes the causes of differences of opinion, which are influenced by historical, cultural factors and the ijtihad of the ulama. Through normative and comparative methods, this research concludes that these differences of opinion show the dynamics of ijtihad in Islam and the importance of understanding the historical context and objectives of the Shari'a in understanding a law. In the context of Indonesian positive law, the presence of witnesses is also regulated in the marriage law, but with a different emphasis. This research has practical implications for the implementation of marriage contracts, resolving marriage disputes, and the development of family law in Indonesia.

Indonesia is known for its diversity of culture, ethnicity, religion and customs. One of the noble values ​​contained in Indonesian culture is the spirit of mutual cooperation. Mutual cooperation is a form of cooperation between individuals or groups in solving work or problems together, regardless of social status, background or personal interests. In the history of the Indonesian nation, this spirit has proven to be a solid foundation in building social solidarity, strengthening unity, and supporting the sustainability of social life. However, along with the times and rapid advances in technology, the value of mutual cooperation has begun to be replaced by the values ​​of more individualism. emphasizes personal interests and individual achievements. The modern era, with all the dynamics and influence of globalization, has caused many people to focus more on personal success without considering collective interests. This aims to re-explore the spirit of mutual cooperation in the modern era with an approach that is relevant to current developments, as well as finding ways to restore the value of togetherness which is increasingly being eroded by individualism.

Entrepreneurship education is an important aspect in shaping the character and skills of the younger generation to face future challenges. The aim of this service is to increase interest and entrepreneurial mentality among students at SDN Nagrak 05 through counseling, training and mentoring. This program is designed to foster students' self-confidence and awareness regarding the importance of entrepreneurship as a potential career choice and equip them with the basic skills for making handicrafts and making food to become successful entrepreneurs. The methods used are practice-based training, motivation through sharing sessions, as well as simulations and introductions to the business world with a fun approach. This program involves collaboration between students, teachers and parents in supporting the development of students' entrepreneurial interests and mentality. The expected result of this activity is an increase in students' knowledge about entrepreneurship, as well as the development of a tough and creative mental attitude in facing various challenges. Evaluation is carried out through observations and interviews to measure changes in students' attitudes and interests regarding entrepreneurship. It is hoped that this program can contribute to creating a young generation who has the readiness and courage to start a business early, and is able to adapt to face global economic dynamics

Schizophrenia is a syndrome characterized by a disturbance in an individual's behavior that makes the individual's behavior strange. Individuals will also experience delusions, hallucinations and emotions. This study aims to analyze the expression of emotions of families who have family members with schizophrenia. Then also to find out the dynamics and impact on the family. This research is a qualitative research with literature review method by collecting and analyzing relevant articles published from 2014-2024. The form of article collection uses the Google Scholar database. Based on the source of the article, the results obtained show that the emotional expression of the family of schizophrenia patients can affect the frequency of relapse in patients. High emotional expression in patients such as excessive criticism and hostile behavior can cause intense relapse in patients. While low emotional expression and providing more support to patients can reduce the frequency of relapse and improve the recovery process in schizophrenia patients. This study focuses on the importance of emotional management in families and providing more support as an effort to care for schizophrenic patients

Indonesia continues to face complex political and legal challenges. The developing political dynamics are a factor that influences the implementation of legal policies based on the principles of justice and the needs of the community. Efforts to improve law enforcement are carried out by accommodating the aspirations of the community, increasing the professionalism of law enforcement officials, and legal institutions. Legal politics is an activity to monitor law enforcement to achieve the goals of the state that has been set. This research aims to discuss the role of legal politics in the formation and enforcement of law in Indonesia. This study uses secondary data, obtained from the literature of journals on legal politics. Conclusion: the implementation of legal policies is sometimes still influenced by the interests of political elites, who use their power to enforce the law. However, this can be prevented by increasing public awareness to monitor law enforcement based on Pancasila values actively.

Debt instruments, particularly those related to preferred and common stocks, play an important role in capital markets and corporate finance. One of the crucial elements that influence investment decisions and corporate policies is debt repayment provisions. Preferred stocks, with higher priority in terms of debt repayment, provide a sense of security for investors because they provide greater protection against the risk of loss. In contrast, common stocks, which have lower priority in debt repayment, offer higher potential returns but with greater risks. This article aims to explore the role of debt repayment provisions in common stocks through an in-depth literature review. The methodology used is a thematic and comparative analysis approach to the existing literature, focusing on the differences in debt repayment rights and their impact on investment decisions and corporate policies. The results show that debt repayment provisions have a significant impact on investment stability, where preferred stocks are more beneficial for conservative investors who prioritize security, while common stocks are more suitable for investors seeking potential returns for conservative investors who prioritize security, while common stocks are more suitable for investors seeking potential high returns despite greater risks. This conclusion provides an important contribution to understanding the dynamics of the capital market and helps investors and companies in designing better financial strategies. Further research is needed to explore the direct effect of debt repayment provisions on capital market performance and stock value in companies.  

Throughout history, the church has faced various social, political, and cultural challenges that have continued to evolve over time. The church has functioned not only as a religious institution but also as an agent of change actively responding to social dynamics. In its early days, the church struggled to maintain its existence amid political persecution by the Roman Empire, followed by a process of adaptation when Christianity became the official religion. During the Middle Ages, the church responded to cultural transformations such as the Renaissance and played a significant role in education and intellectual development, although it often clashed with emerging new ideas. In the Reformation era, the church faced an internal crisis that led to major changes in doctrine and religious practices.

This research discusses various schools of Kalam science, including Ash'ariyah, Maturidiyah, Mu'tazilah, and Wahhabiyah and examines the core ideas that underlie them. Each school presents a unique approach in understanding humans' relationship with God, freedom and moral responsibility through a combination of rational (aqli) and textual (naqli) arguments. This article explores how the development of theological thought not only enriched the Islamic intellectual tradition, but also shaped the community's response to social and political dynamics throughout history. Using qualitative methods based on literature study, this research analyzes the relevance of these schools of thought in responding to the challenges of the modern era. The research findings emphasize the importance of moderation and tolerance as the main foundation for maintaining harmony in the diversity of Islamic thought. This article provides a fresh perspective that can be a strategic reference in developing inclusive theological discussions amidst the challenges of the contemporary world.

This study examines Chairil Anwar's poem "Diponegoro" from the perspective of literary sociology, focusing on the analysis of the values ​​of struggle contained therein. This poem depicts the figure of Prince Diponegoro as a symbol of resistance against colonialism, which reflects the spirit of the Indonesian people's struggle during the colonial period. Through the approach of literary sociology according to Wellek and Warren. This analysis also pays attention to how Chairil Anwar uses the figure of Diponegoro to convey messages about courage, sacrifice, and steadfastness in fighting oppression. The results of the study show that the poem "Diponegoro" not only functions as an individual expression of the author, but also as a form of representation of the collective aspirations of the people who are fighting for independence. Thus, the values ​​of struggle in this poem have strong social relevance, illustrating the relationship between literary works and the social dynamics around them.

Literature serves as a mirror reflecting the social and cultural dynamics of society. This serves as the foundation for analyzing the play "Kereta Kencana" in this journal. The work of W.S. Rendra is the subject of this study, aimed at uncovering its meaning and structure through a structuralist approach. This research delves into various narrative layers, structures, and messages contained within the text. Utilizing a qualitative descriptive method and a structuralist approach, the case study on "Kereta Kencana" will analyze its intrinsic elements. The findings provide a deeper understanding of intrinsic components such as characters, characterization, plot, setting, point of view, moral, and theme. Additionally, this study explores the relationships between characters, plot development, philosophical and social messages, as well as the stylistic choices employed.

In the journey of life, especially in the world of higher education, students are faced with various challenges that not only test their intellectual abilities, but also their personalities. Among the values that are essential to forming individual character, unity is an element that is often overlooked, but has a profound impact on the formation of character and self-confidence for college students. Unity is not just a figment of the imagination, but an important foundation in living life with full strength and emotional balance. National unity is a solid foundation for the younger generation to achieve a bright future. In the era of globalization that is full of dynamics, unity becomes increasingly crucial. Without unity, various challenges such as division, radicalism, and instability will threaten the sustainability of the nation. The younger generation as agents of change has a central role in maintaining and strengthening unity. By uniting, the younger generation can create strong synergy to overcome various problems and advance the nation.

Deli Serdang Regency located in North Sumatra Province has significant economic potential, supported by the agriculture, industry, trade, and service sectors. In recent years, Deli Serdang Regency has experienced fluctuations in its economic growth. This study analyzes the economic growth of Deli Serdang Regency using the Solow-Swan model. Secondary data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) in 2019-2020 accessed through the website https://www.bps.go.id/id analyzed to estimate model parameters. The results show that: (1) the level of savings and investment has a significant effect on economic growth, (2) technology and labor growth play an important role in increasing productivity, and (3) fiscal and monetary policies need to be optimized to increase economic growth. The Solow-Swan model effectively explains the dynamics of economic growth in Deli Serdang Regency.

Indonesia, as an archipelagic country rich in ethnic, cultural and religious diversity, faces great challenges in maintaining unity amidst differences. In this context, tolerance and cooperation between communities are important foundations for strengthening national unity. Tolerance is not only about respecting differences, but also about understanding and accepting diversity as a force that can enrich social life. Meanwhile, cooperation creates synergy between individuals and groups to achieve common goals, making diversity a tool for building harmony. National unity is a solid foundation for the younger generation to achieve a bright future. In an era of globalization full of dynamics, unity becomes increasingly crucial. Without unity, various challenges such as division, radicalism and instability will threaten the survival of the nation. The young generation as agents of change has a central role in maintaining and strengthening unity. By uniting, the young generation can create strong synergy to overcome various problems and advance the nation.

The development of communication and information technology currently has a major impact on the pattern of public complaints about public services which in the era of digital democracy are inseparable from the dynamics of regional government. The presence of regulations regarding public services through Law Number 25 of 2009 and various derivative regulations in the implementation of regional government is an important part of moving towards a more democratic life. This study aims to discuss the policy of the South Sumatera Provincial Government in handling public service complaints through electronic communication media in the era of digital democracy from a political and public policy perspective. The study uses a combination of normative legal methods and secondary data analysis. The study concludes that politically, handling public complaints about regional government services is a positive thing. In the context of digital democracy and the quality of public services, the response of the regional government to public complaints is a measure of good governance. The issuance of Regional Regulation Number 3 of 2013, Governor Regulation Number 26 of 2016, and Governor Regulation Number 9 of 2022 are concrete manifestations of public policy. As a product of the political process, this is substantively related to public services and public complaints in the digital era. The existence of an electronic complaint channel regarding public services opens up space for increasing public awareness of their rights. Political life will be more democratic when communication between the government and the people runs functionally. There are several regional policy substances that need to be improved.