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This study aims to explore the role of metacognitive awareness in improving the speaking performance of hospitality vocational students. Using a mixed-methods design, this study involved 50 students of the Prasetiya Mandiri Polytechnic and combined quantitative data from the adapted Metacognitive Awareness Inventory (MAI) as well as role-play-based speaking tests, with qualitative data from in-depth interviews. The results of correlation analysis showed a significant positive relationship (r = 0.65) between metacognitive scores and speaking performance. The most dominant metacognitive strategies reported by students included self-monitoring during speaking and post-task reflection. These findings reveal that students with high metacognitive awareness tend to be able to manage their communication more effectively in professional situations. Research implications include the importance of integrating metacognitive training in vocational curricula, such as through reflective journals and communication strategy guides. The study also highlights a curriculum gap, where only 32% of respondents reported having received explicit training related to metacognitive strategies. Limitations include small sample sizes, so it is recommended that follow-up studies be conducted longitudinally and across institutions.    

Advocates are one of the main pillars in the justice system that have a strategic role as law enforcers, human rights defenders, and guardians of justice. However, amidst high public expectations for the integrity and professionalism of advocates, various serious challenges have emerged, one of which is the practice of corruption that can damage the dignity of this profession. This article aims to examine the position of advocates as enforcers of justice from the perspective of professional ethics and the potential for involvement in corruption. Using a normative legal approach, this article analyzes the legal basis and code of ethics of advocates, as well as real case studies as an empirical illustration.      

Based on various studies and studies, the LGBT phenomenon in Indonesia, especially in the Pekanbaru area, is still often viewed negatively because it is considered contrary to local social and cultural norms. Several factors that influence the emergence of LGBT sexual orientation include childhood experiences, the influence of the social environment, and conditions within the family. Psychological interventions such as group counseling with the Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) approach combined with religious values, such as in Islamic counseling, have proven effective in reducing inner conflict, increasing the ability to manage emotions, and encouraging acceptance and self-confidence of LGBT individuals. This approach also helps replace irrational thought patterns and strengthens emotional resilience, although cultural and social challenges are still major obstacles. On the other hand, the importance of multicultural competence for professionals is also highly emphasized in dealing with issues related to LGBT and their emotional health. Education about sexuality and increasing public understanding of diversity are considered important to reduce stigma and discrimination against the LGBT community. Overall, the results of this study indicate the need for an appropriate psychological approach and educational efforts to create social acceptance and improve the welfare of LGBT individuals.    

This research is motivated by the performance of the Padang City Inspectorate auditors which is still not optimal in implementing good governance. This is indicated by the cases of violations that have occurred, including corruption. One example is the corruption of the KONI Padang City Grant Fund with the source of the Padang City APBD Fund from 2018 to 2020, which resulted in financial losses for the State and Region of 3,117,003,327,- (BPKP Representative Office of West Sumatra Province, 2022). The purpose of this study is the effect of auditor independence, professional ethics, and organizational commitment on the performance of Government Auditors at the Padang City Inspectorate. This study uses a quantitative method. Data were collected using a questionnaire technique, the respondents of this study were 52 auditors. Four hypotheses were formulated and tested using multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the study indicate that auditor independence has a significant positive effect on auditor performance, professional ethics has a significant positive effect on auditor performance, and organizational commitment has a significant positive effect on auditor performance. Meanwhile, simultaneously auditor independence, professional ethics, and organizational commitment have a significant positive effect on the performance of Government Auditors at the Padang City Inspectorate. Thus, it can be concluded that the four variables are very important to support the performance of the Padang City Inspectorate auditors    

Currently, public trust in the Indonesian National Army (TNI) is decreasing, especially due to issues of accountability, integrity, and meritocracy. In this uncertain situation, the socialization of the TNI Law is a strategic step to improve the image of the TNI in the eyes of the public. Changes to the TNI Law are expected to bring great benefits, especially in increasing transparency, accountability, and the implementation of a meritocratic system in the TNI structure. However, the public wants to ensure that these changes are truly far from the practice of injustice and personal interests within the TNI. This study aims to see how effective the socialization of the TNI Law is in overcoming the crisis of public trust. In addition, this study also produces various views on the implementation of the TNI Law and assesses how the socialization of the Law can affect public perceptions of professionalism and trust in the TNI. The results of a simple linear regression test show that the socialization of the TNI Law has a significant effect on the level of public trust, with a sig value (0.001). The R Square value of 0.301 indicates that the socialization of the TNI Bill is able to explain 30.1% of the variability in public trust, while the rest is influenced by other factors outside the model. Thus, socialization that is carried out openly, participatively, and accountably is an important step in bridging the current crisis of trust. The findings of this study provide critical insights and are expected to be implemented effectively to improve public trust in the TNI institution in the future.    

The metaverse is emerging as a digital ecosystem that is transforming the way people interact, work and do business. However, its rapid growth poses challenges to environmental, economic and social sustainability. This research explores the interplay between linguistics, environmental economics and human resource management (HRM) in supporting sustainability in the metaverse. Using a mixed-methods approach, this research analyses: (1) the role of linguistic strategies in shaping sustainability discourse in virtual environments, (2) the economic impact of green initiatives in metaverse-based ecosystems, and (3) the contribution of HRM in implementing sustainable work practices in the digital world. The results show that strategic ecological communication, economic incentives for virtual carbon neutrality and green HR policies play an important role in achieving sustainability in the metaverse. This study provides insights for policy makers, companies and HR professionals to use the metaverse as an environmentally and socially sustainable space.

This study aims to examine theoretically and empirically the role of transformational leadership style on the performance of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN), especially in the context of bureaucratic reform. Using a literature review approach, the discussion is focused on understanding the concept of transformational leadership, the performance dimensions of ASN, the theoretical relationship between the two, and its implications in efforts to improve the quality of public services and governance. The results of the study show that transformational leadership contributes positively to improving the performance of ASN through motivation, empowerment, and the creation of a shared vision. This leadership style also presents its own challenges in a hierarchical bureaucracy, but still offers effective strategies for building a transformative and professional organizational culture. This research provides a conceptual basis for efforts to strengthen leadership in the public sector as part of the ongoing bureaucratic reform agenda.

The tour guide training is conducted as part of the Community Service program by lecturers from Universitas Terbuka Daerah Samarinda in collaboration with the National Capital Authority (IKN). This training is a key component to enhance the quality of tourism services in Wonosari Village, Sepaku District, Panajam Paser Utara Regency, which has excellent tourism potential and a strategic location as a pillar of IKN development. The main goal of this training is to strengthen the capacity and skills of participants in providing professional and high-standard tourism services. The tour guide training is attended by 25 young tourism enthusiasts from Wonosari Village and surrounding areas. They receive training materials and conduct practical guiding activities, accompanied by trained instructors over a three-day period. Through this training, it is expected to create a satisfying tourism experience for visitors, which in turn will encourage sustainable tourism development in the village.

The tour guide training is conducted as part of the Community Service program by lecturers from Universitas Terbuka Daerah Samarinda in collaboration with the National Capital Authority (IKN). This training is a key component to enhance the quality of tourism services in Wonosari Village, Sepaku District, Panajam Paser Utara Regency, which has excellent tourism potential and a strategic location as a pillar of IKN development. The main goal of this training is to strengthen the capacity and skills of participants in providing professional and high-standard tourism services. The tour guide training is attended by 25 young tourism enthusiasts from Wonosari Village and surrounding areas. They receive training materials and conduct practical guiding activities, accompanied by trained instructors over a three-day period. Through this training, it is expected to create a satisfying tourism experience for visitors, which in turn will encourage sustainable tourism development in the village.

Waqf is a significant instrument in Islamic teachings that functions not only as a form of worship but also plays a strategic role in enhancing the social and economic welfare of society. However, in practice, waqf often faces various legal challenges, such as the validity of the waqf declaration, the appointment of nazhir (waqf managers), and conflicts between heirs and beneficiaries. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the strategic position of waqf, analyze the root causes of legal issues that arise in its management, and evaluate the role of the Religious Courts in resolving waqf disputes fairly. The research method used is normative juridical, with a literature review approach focusing on Law Number 41 of 2004 concerning Waqf and various relevant legal sources. The findings reveal that waqf disputes commonly involve issues of legality, asset exchange or sale, and the annulment of waqf declarations. The study also identifies disparities in judicial decisions, influenced by differences in the judges’ educational backgrounds and legal approaches. Therefore, there is a need to strengthen national jurisprudence as a reference in waqf-related cases, provide training for nazhir to enhance professionalism, improve the capacity of judges in Religious Courts, and promote legal education among the public. These efforts are expected to create a more just, consistent, and effective dispute resolution system, thereby supporting the productive and sustainable management of waqf assets.

The rapid evolution of digital technology has significantly reshaped how Generation Z communicates, interacts, and participates in social activities. Born in a digital-native era, Gen Z demonstrates strong capabilities in using digital platforms, positioning them as key players across various domains, from social engagement to the workforce. This research applies a descriptive qualitative method to explore how Gen Z actively and creatively utilizes technology. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews, online observation, and digital content analysis. The findings indicate that Gen Z frequently engages with social media platforms like TikTok, Instagram, and WhatsApp to express themselves, share insights, and expand their networks. However, uncontrolled usage also brings potential downsides such as digital addiction and exposure to inappropriate content. In the professional world, their digital proficiency offers a strong advantage, as they are quick to adapt to evolving digital work systems. In conclusion, Generation Z holds substantial potential to influence social and economic transformation, provided they are supported with sufficient digital literacy and appropriate guidance.

Education plays a strategic role in improving the quality of human resources. In this context, teachers serve as central figures who determine the success of the learning process. Teacher professionalism is one of the key indicators in establishing a high-quality education system. This article aims to analyze the role of educational policy in supporting the development of teacher professional quality in Indonesia. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a literature study approach, utilizing secondary data sources from scientific articles and journals published between 2020 and 2025, accessed through Google Scholar. The results indicate that educational policies in Indonesia have provided a strong legal and regulatory foundation for the development of teacher professionalism, such as Law Number 14 of 2005 and its derivative regulations. These policies regulate qualifications, competencies, certification, and budget support for teachers. In conclusion, educational policy plays a vital role in improving teacher quality through a structured and sustainable system.    

The selection of group counseling interventions in addressing learners' problems shows high effectiveness because it utilizes group dynamics that support the development of emotional aspects, cognition, and communication skills. Group counseling has an important role in the preventive, curative, and developmental functions of learners, both in terms of mental health, social skills, academics, and career planning. Group counseling is a relevant form of counseling service to deal with learners' problems that are urgent and have similarities, and serves as a means of holistic self-development. The effectiveness of this service depends not only on productivity, but also the perspectives of counseling teachers, students, and the efficiency of implementation, all of which are influenced by the professional competence of counselors according to national standards. Effectiveness itself is understood as success in achieving service goals, which includes internal and external factors of service implementers. In its implementation, different group counseling approaches and techniques can still achieve optimal results when adjusted to the problems and needs of students. The use of the Cognitive Behaviour Therapy approach in group counseling is proven to increase participants' understanding of thoughts, emotions, and behaviors, and strengthen group interaction in depth. Strategies and innovations in counseling techniques or methods need to be adjusted to strengthen the effectiveness of the service, while participant activeness and the dynamics of social interaction are important factors in supporting the success of group counseling. Therefore, collaboration between group members is needed so that the counseling process runs smoothly and service goals can be achieved optimally.    

The workshop on the preparation of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) questions at MI Islamiyah Palangka Raya aims to improve the competence of educators in designing problems that challenge students' high-level thinking skills. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a participatory approach, which involves interactive lectures, group discussions, hands-on practice in the preparation of questions, and integration of learning technologies. The results of the activity showed that participants gained a better understanding of the concept of HOTS, active learning strategies, and problem preparation techniques that can develop students' critical, creative, and analytical thinking skills. Practice sessions involving the creation of questions and presentation of the results provide an opportunity for teachers to share experiences and constructive feedback. In addition, the introduction of educational applications and digital media opens up new insights into the importance of technology in supporting the learning process. Despite the challenges in mastering technology, the enthusiasm of the participants to implement technology in their learning was very high. In conclusion, this workshop makes a positive contribution to improving the professional competence of teachers, and to ensure the sustainability of the workshop results, follow-up is needed in the form of further training and support from the school.

This study aims to analyse the quality of public services in Kelurahan Blabak using the SERVQUAL dimensions, so as to provide a comprehensive picture of the level of community satisfaction and provide input for improving service quality in the future. This research uses descriptive qualitative method to analyse the quality of public services in Blabak Village, Kediri City, based on the five dimensions of SERVQUAL. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, then analysed using interactive analysis with triangulation for data validity. The results showed that public services in Blabak Village, Kediri City, showed a fairly good quality based on the five dimensions of SERVQUAL. In terms of tangibles, facilities such as computers, printers, and internet networks are well available. However, limited space and seating are still an obstacle in providing comfort for the community. In reliability, administrative services, especially the processing of population documents, run quite reliably, especially with the presence of the SAKTI application which facilitates online processing and reduces queues. The responsiveness dimension is reflected in the readiness of officers to serve and respond to the needs of the community, although sometimes it is still constrained by technical problems such as internet networks. In the assurance dimension, people feel safe because the officers show a friendly and professional attitude, in accordance with the motto ‘Salam, Sapa, Senyum,’ which creates a warm and pleasant service atmosphere. Meanwhile, empathy can be seen from the officers' concern for the community, despite the limited number of personnel and diverse educational backgrounds, they still try to serve optimally. Thus, despite the challenges, public services in Blabak Village have run quite optimally. However, improvements are needed in terms of infrastructure and the number of officers so that services can be more comfortable, fast, and efficient.

AI has been widely used in various nations, especially in the economy, healthcare, and law. However, its current state is limited to weak AI, lacking full awareness and control. Some countries use AI to assist legal professionals in analyzing legal documents and in helping judges with research during court proceedings. Thus, exploring AI's role and regulation in making civil case decisions within Indonesian law is crucial. This study relies on secondary data and normative legal methods. Findings suggest weak AI is promising for crafting judgments in Indonesian civil cases due to its focus on formal truth. Implementing regulations, possibly Supreme Court Regulations (PERMA), is necessary for the possible use of AI in Indonesia's court proceedings. These rules should define, classify, and limit AI, ensuring legal reliability in its application.

Population administration services in each sub-district are a form of public service carried out by the Government in terms of serving the population administration needs of the local community. The problem in this study is to find the effect of service quality and employee professionalism on the satisfaction of the community using e-KTP services in Tunjungan sub-district, Blora Regency, while the objectives to be achieved are to find out and analyze the effect of service quality and employee professionalism on the satisfaction of the community using e-KTP services in Tunjungan sub-district, Blora Regency, then the population in this study was the community of Tunjungan sub-district as many as 45 people who were selected using accidental sampling techniques (based on coincidence) which were considered appropriate for the type of research while the sample was selected by purposive sampling (based on special characteristics) of the community who came to the Tunjungan sub-district office and had applied for e-KTP services. The results of the analysis concluded that there is a significant influence between Service Quality and Employee Professionalism on the satisfaction of the community of Users of e-KTP Making Services in Tunjungan District, Blora Regency, this is based on the results of the Determination Coefficient analysis where the calculation results were 63.5%, this is based on the existing interval, namely at the interval 60.00 -79.99% influential, while 36.5% of the satisfaction of the Community of Users of e-KTP Making Services is influenced by other factors such as Sub-district Leadership, Organizational Culture, Work Environment, Work Facilities, etc.

Enhancing personal branding is a crucial factor in building students' academic and professional careers. One way to strengthen personal branding is by creating an attractive and professional Curriculum Vitae (CV). This study aims to improve the skills of Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia students in drafting CVs in Indonesian using the digital platform cvmaker.co.id. This activity is designed to provide practical understanding in composing a CV that effectively reflects students' competencies and personalities. The method used is technology-based direct training, involving students in each stage of CV creation, from personal data collection to the final design. The expected outcome is an improvement in the quality of students' CVs, which can enhance their personal branding and increase opportunities in both academic and professional fields.

Principal management plays a crucial role in the development of teachers, significantly influencing their professional competence and performance in carrying out educational responsibilities. This study aims to describe and analyze (1) principal management strategies in teacher development, (2) obstacles encountered during the implementation of these strategies, and (3) solutions to overcome the identified obstacles. The research was conducted at SMA Muhammadiyah 8 Palembang using a qualitative descriptive method. Data collection techniques included interviews with school leaders and teachers, direct observations of school activities, and document analysis related to teacher development programs. Data were analyzed using an interactive model consisting of data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that principal management in teacher development involves structured planning, implementation of professional training, performance evaluation, mentoring programs, and the establishment of collaborative work teams aligned with the school's vision and mission. However, several obstacles were identified in the implementation process, such as limited human and financial resources, differences in teacher readiness and motivation, resistance to new policies or changes, and difficulties in maintaining consistent monitoring and supervision. To address these challenges, school leaders have adopted various strategies, including intensifying teacher training and mentoring, promoting teamwork among staff, utilizing digital technology to support learning and supervision, and building partnerships with external education stakeholders. Additionally, regular evaluations and feedback mechanisms are conducted to ensure that teacher development programs remain responsive to current needs. This research emphasizes the importance of effective leadership and adaptive strategies in fostering continuous professional growth for teachers within the school environment.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance or impaired insulin secretion. Optimal dietary management plays a crucial role in maintaining blood glucose stability. This study analyzes an optimal control model of dietary patterns in the treatment of T2DM using the Runge-Kutta 4th Order (RK4) method. Simulation results show that optimal regulation of calorie intake and glycemic index significantly helps maintain blood glucose levels within the normal range. This study is expected to serve as a reference for medical professionals and nutritionists in designing diet strategies based on mathematical models to enhance the effectiveness of T2DM treatment.