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Natural material media is everything learning media that exists in the environment around us to support learning that is very easy and economical but can be used effectively and efficiently which is directly obtained from nature, natural materials that are used as learning media include: stones, branches, seeds, leaves, wood and other natural objects. Natural media becomes something effective and efficient if it is well optimized as material in learning and adjusted to the learning goals that will be achieved by children. One of them is in the development of numeracy and cognitive abilities of children. Natural media can help children develop numeracy skills and cognitive abilities, through various activities that involve critical thinking and problem solving such as counting, comparing, sorting, building, classifying objects and so on.

In psychology, temperament broadly refers to consistent individual differences in behavior that are based on biology and are relatively independent of learning, value systems, and attitudes. Every child is born with a different temperament or biological behavior, depending on the temperament or biological behavior of their parents. However, in the process of character formation, this temperament will change in the course of life according to the parenting patterns of parents and even the environment in which they live. The development of children in the social, cognitive and emotional fields is very important in their future life when starting life or maturing. Parenting patterns are divided into 4 which can certainly influence a child's growth and development, namely: authoritarian (authoritarian), indulgent (permissive), authoritative (democratic), neglectful (ignorant). The aim of this research is to determine the influence of parental parenting on children's temperament. This research sample used 4 teenagers who had different parenting patterns.

Background : Stunting is a problem because it can cause morbidity, death, slow down the process of motor development and hinder the mental growth process of sufferers. Stunting not only interferes with physical growth but also in other growth such as mental, cognitive and intellectual children. The purpose of this community service is to conduct socialization and counseling in an effort to prevent stunting in the Betungan Health Center work area, Bengkulu City. The implementation method is by counseling about stunting in children. This Community Service activity was carried out at the Betungan Bengkulu Health Center. The time for implementation is in November 2022. The participants in this community service activity are mothers who have toddlers at the Bentungan Health Center in Bengkulu City with a total of 20 people. Activities are carried out in stages (1) providing an explanation of the material to be provided and the purpose of the activity; (2) provide knowledge about child stunting and its prevention. The results of this activity show that there is an increase in public understanding of what stunting is, the causes of stunting, the dangers of stunting for the short and long term as well as growing awareness in overcoming the effects of stunting so as to minimize the occurrence of stunting in children.   Keywords: Children, Stunting, Health Education

Learning activities that were well-prepared can stimulate people have well-prepared in the learning process. Three kinds of learning styles are visual, auditory, and kinesthetic. The learning style guides the teacher to appropriate methods to conduct the lessons. Based on the statement, the research aims to determine the influence of learning style and implemented in cognitive comprehension in egg dish. The subject to conduct this research were grade XI Culinary students at SMKN 2 Kota Mojokerto. The research design used ex post facto using the one-way ANOVA test. The researcher used questionnaire techniques, test methods, and documentation for collecting the data. The results showed that (1) the dominant learning style in the auditory learning style was 40.4% (19 students), while the visual learning style was 38.3% (18 students), and the kinesthetic learning style was 21.3% (10 students). (2) The average post-test score is 78.2. In the value range 71 – 85 with 21 out of 47 students. Based on the data analysis, the researcher found that learning style does not affect cognitive comprehension. It is shown in the sign one-way ANOVA value of 0.394 > 0.05, while the Fcount test is 0.952 <3.20 Ftable, so H0 is accepted and Ha is rejected.

Integration of the Kneter-Ktaek Indigenous Philosophy in Learning History at the Indonesia-Timor Leste Border The method in this research is a qualitative approach with the library study method, namely collecting or conducting document studies on sources and literature related to this study. The results of this study indicate that learning has a similar meaning to teaching, although it has a different connotation. In the context of education, teachers teach so that students can learn and master the content of lessons so as to achieve something objective (cognitive aspect) can also influence changes in attitudes (affective aspects) and acquire certain skills (psychomotor aspects). The purpose of learning history is not just to memorize and repeat event information. More than that, the intended purpose is for students to actualize themselves in society as social beings. There are three main points divided into categories. First, Hakneter-Haktaek (Appreciation and Respect). Second, Ktuik-Kbatak/Kadalolok (Boundaries). Third, So Re (Dignity). To uphold So Re (dignity and dignity) in public life is known. First, Sara Mata-Didin Sara, which is a principle of respect for mutual respect (hatetu-harani). Second, Sara Mata-Soe Re. Third, Lia Lulik.

Reading is a cognitive activity or process that aims to find various information contained in written information. This means that reading is a thought process to understand the contents of the text read. Evaluation of learning to read is a series of activities or steps taken after the completion of the main activities to obtain information about the results of learning to read, then manage and interpret them using benchmarks and goals and certain criteria. This type of research is library research, namely research conducted by analyzing and making written literature scientific journals as well as the main source. So the evaluation of learning to read is the process of determining students’ understanding, acceptance, categorization, analysis and reasoning abilities, as well as the accuracy of students’ pronunciation and intonation when taking reading tests in the target language. The purpose of learning to read is so that students can understand and use language in practice, it is not enough to measure it with mere mechanical abilities. The assessment of reading ability must be seen from the general reading ability as a whole, so that when assessing skills other than mechanical skills, it is also necessary to measure reading ability, for example understanding the content or meaning of sentences. The purpose of this study is to find out how the effort to implement the evaluation of students’ reading learning.

This research was conducted to answer the problems that arise in learning Indonesian in the independent curriculum in phase E or class X at SMA Negeri 1 Pamanukan. This research focuses on teacher readiness, school support, supporting factors, and obstacles related to the implementation of the independent curriculum. In addition, this study also tries to identify steps that can be taken to overcome obstacles in the implementation of the independent curriculum. The method used in this research is descriptive method, which aims to provide a systematic description of some of the existing relationships. The data used in this study were written data obtained from recorded interviews with Indonesian language teachers who taught in phase E or class X. The data was then transcribed into written form. The interview samples were taken from Indonesian teacher respondents who taught in phase E or class X. Based on the results of data collection, it was found that the learning process in general had been carried out well. However, there are several facts that show there are deficiencies in the implementation of this curriculum. One of the deficiencies found is that not all teachers have received the necessary training, and many of them admit that they have not been able to apply learning in accordance with the achievements of the Independent Curriculum. In addition, cognitive assessment to measure student learning outcomes has also not been implemented thoroughly.

Gadgets have an important role in human life. In addition, the gadget also has a negative impact on its users. This negative impact is caused by use not in accordance with the actual function, especially children. The purpose of this service activity is 1) to provide information about children's cognitive development, 2) to provide information regarding technological developments and their impact on child development, and 3) to provide information on the impact of gadgets on children's development and solutions for dealing with children who are addicted to gadgets. The methods used in this dedication are lectures, discussions, problem solving solutions. This dedication activity was carried out at Plus Muhammadiyah Pancor Elementary School. The results of this dedication show that the participants were enthusiastic and active in discussion activities during the activity.

Malnutrition has always been a global problem and is the main cause of child mortality in developing countries. Nutritional status is a measure of success in meeting the nutritional needs of toddlers which can be seen from the achievement of toddler's weight. The short-term effects of malnutrition on toddlers are physical growth disorders in children, metabolic disorders, brain development disorders, and intelligence disorders. In the long term, malnutrition will cause a decrease in learning outcomes and cognitive abilities, decreased immunity, the risk of developing diabetes, heart and blood vessel disease, obesity, stroke, cancer, and disability in old age. To find out about the growth and development of early childhood, especially in relation to the development of early childhood nutritional values, regular measurements of the height and weight of toddlers from an early age are carried out through Posyandu activities. Toddler height and weight data will be grouped according to the nutritional characteristics of each toddler. In this study, infants will be clustered based on their nutritional characteristics using the K-Means algorithm clustering method. Based on the evaluation results, the number of clusters 3 is more optimal than the number of clusters 5 in the toddler dataset used in the study. It is hoped that the research results obtained can serve as a basis or recommendation material for posyandu throughout Indonesia to determine the nutritional status of the under-five age group, so that the handling is more appropriate and can help prevent malnutrition in under-fives.

This research is aimed at obtaining empirical data regarding the subject teacher's perspective on the guidance and counseling teacher's professional profile in relation to the guidance of counseling ethics. The data collection was carried out by reviewing the literature using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) through the PRISMA rules systematically. The conclusions of this study indicate that the perspective of subject teachers (subjects) regarding the profile of the counseling teacher profession from the affective and cognitive aspects has a positive response of 70%, and the conative aspect has a positive response of 66%. Judging from the BK ethical principles, the BK teacher has complied with several of them: respecting students' decisions, notifying the boundaries of the relationship between himself and students, not discriminatory, not imposing values, not divulging students' secrets, and not establishing a double relationship. However, this does not rule out the fact that there are still many guidance and counseling teachers in the field who violate the guidance and counseling code of ethics, such as not having a professional license recognized by ABKIN, not having a graduate of the Counselor Professional Education or guidance and counseling bachelor degree, and not having the insight and compatible skills in the field of guidance and counseling.

The implementation of the 2013 curriculum learning which is now being held in several schools, emphasizes the learning process based on the development of students' cognitive activities that are creative and productive. Puskurbuk (retnawati, 2016) argues that the 2013 curriculum is required to be able to produce productive, creative, innovative and affective human resources, through strengthening attitudes, knowledge, and skills competencies. Think creatively so innovations and ideas will emerge including using puzzles, puzzles are a method that is very enjoyable and is able to make class consistency in learning creative, innovative and fun, the puzzle method is also very stable when combined between thinking learning and puzzles which hopefully can become a good collaboration and effect in a lesson. The purpose of this research is to find out the collaboration of thinking learning and puzzles in increasing the creativity of students at the smpit at taisiriyah sukabumi after using this method. This research method is a qualitative research conducted on October 23, 2022 to October 26, 2022. The place of this research is at the taisiriyah school of Sukabumi. The object of research is class VIII at smpit at taisiriyah Sukabumi. The results of the collaborative thinking learning and puzzles themselves can increase student learning creativity, this can be seen from the achievement of very high indicators of creativity. For students who have advantages or tend to learn more easily by means of audio less portion because this learning character focuses more on pictures or illustrations. The material is appropriate for learning other general subjects. Conclusion Collaborative thinking learning and puzzles can help students better understand various concepts, improve memory, and simply make learning more interesting. It is very beneficial to apply mind mapping to various fields of teaching and study

Dementia is a cognitive decline that is so severe that it interferes with activities of daily living and social activities. Cognitive decline in dementia usually begins with a decline in memory or memory (forgetfulness). Cognitive function is the main human capital in the activities of daily life. Brain gymnastics is a light exercise that is carried out with cross movements in order to harmonize and optimize the performance of the right and left brain so that it can improve cognitive function. This study aims to determine the results of the application of brain exercise on cognitive function in the elderly with dementia. Quantitative research with a cross sectional approach and sampling collection technique with purposive sampling with a sample of 34 respondents. The data collection tool used was the Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) questionnaire. It was found from this study that before brain exercise, normal cognitive function was 0, while moderate was 2 respondents (5.9%) and mild cognitive function was 32 respondents (94.1%). After brain exercise, normal cognitive function was 14 respondents (41.2%) while 20 respondents (58.8%) had moderate cognitive function and 0. mild cognitive function.

Audit judgment is the auditor's personal judgment or opinion in responding to information that influences decisions that affect audit evidence documents and the  auditor's  opinion  on  the  financial  statements  of  an  entity.  As  a  cognitive process,  audit  judgment  is  a  decision-making  behavior.  Accountants  are  often faced with decisions that  are not in accordance  with generally accepted  ethical standards  or  accounting  principles.  This  research  aims  to  find  out  and  analyze how   much   influence   task   complexity   (X1),   independence   (X2)   and   auditor knowledge (X3) have on audit judgment (Y) at the BPKP office of West Sumatra Province. analysis technique used multiple linear regression. based on research (X1), (X2) has no effect while (X3) has an effect on audit judgment.

This research aims to determine the effect of applying a problem-based learning model with the following variables: 1) teacher activity, 2) student activity, and 3) cognitive learning outcomes of grade XI students, on competency standard choux paste at SMKN 2 Mojokerto. This type of research is experimental with a pretest-posttest control group design and uses two classes that act as experimental and control classes. The instruments used were pretest-posttest questions and observation sheets of teacher and student activities. Data analysis was carried out by independent sample t-test using SPSS 25 for Windows. The results of the independent sample t-test test for the pretest showed that the pretest in the two classes was not significantly different and it could be concluded that the two classes had the same initial ability. While the results of the independent t-test test for the posttest obtained a Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.034 which means that the significance value is <0,05. The conclusions on the results of this research are: 1) teacher activity is classified in the very good category, 2) student activity is classified in the very good category, and 3) student's cognitive learning outcomes in the experimental class have increased more than the control class.

This study aims to determine the effect of applying the problem-based learning model with the following research variables: (1) teacher activity; (2) student activities; (3) students' cognitive learning outcomes; and (4) students' responses by applying the Problem-Based learning model to the Basic Spices material and their Derivatives. This research was conducted in class X Culinary 3 SMKN 2 Mojokerto.             This type of research is quasi-experimental or quasi-experimental. This research was applied to class X Culinary 3 with a total of 33 students. The data in the study were obtained by several methods, namely: observation, written test (pre-test, post-test), and questionnaires. The data analysis technique used the Paired Sample T-Test.             The results of the study show: (1) the teacher's activities are in the very good category; (2) student activity is in very good category; (3) Resultspre-testand the student post-test with paired t test showed a significant value of 0.001 <0.005; (4) student responses are in very good category.

Early childhood is the age when a child is experiencing significant cognitive development. Providing the right stimulus in the form of role useYouTube is one effort to optimize children's cognitive development. The purpose of this research is to know and understand the roleYouTube in optimizing the cognitive development of Group B early childhood on the theme of vehicles at RA Salafiyah Cibenda Pangandaran Regency. The research method used is a qualitative-descriptive approach. The subjects in this study were students, teachers and parents from Group B at RA Salafiyah. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the study show that the roleYouTube can optimize children's cognitive development. This can be seen from the developments that occur in the aspects of attention, concentration, imagination, curiosity, memory, and language, in early childhood regarding the role of usingYouTube group B on the theme of Vehicles in RA Salafiyah Cibenda Pangandaran Regency.  

This study aims to find out what challenges parents face in online learning and to what extent parents are ready for online learning to take place. The research method used is a systematic literature review (SLR). The results of the study show that the challenges faced by parents in online learning include time constraints, learning atmosphere, digital literacy, facilities and infrastructure, gender, children's social development, children's health, and parents' social status. The results of the study also show that parents are not ready for online learning to be implemented. Future research needs to look at parents' views on children's cognitive development in online learning and develop appropriate learning platforms so that teacher-student-parent communication can be well established in online learning

Physics is a branch of science that requires more cognitive abilities, while the ability to receive information from each person is different. One effective way to deliver information is to use simulations.This research was conducted at SMA Veteran Purwokerto, research participants were students of class X, a case study that explored a group of students, with the method of observation and literature study. This study aims to find out the increase in students' understanding of concepts that are specifically related to Regular Straight Motion and Straight Changed Irregular Motion through learning media, and to determine student involvement in the learning process. To find out whether or not there was an increase in students 'understanding of the concept of Straight Motion Straight Motion Irregularly Changed, researchers compared students' understanding before and after learning with learning media.The results showed that overall there was an increase in understanding of the concepts of Irregular Straight Motion and Irregularly Changed Straight Motion, overall student involvement was very active.

Effective learning is reflected in the extent to which learning objectives can be achieved. This study aims to examine how the planning, implementation, and evaluation of Fiqh learning using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model in measuring the critical thinking skills of students in grades VII to IX at MTs Salafuyah Purwakarta. This study uses a qualitative approach involving teachers and students as the main subjects. Data were obtained through field observations, documentation, and interviews with teachers and students, which were then analyzed using domain, taxonomy, and componential analysis techniques. The results of the study indicate that the Fiqh learning planning in grades VIII and IX has been prepared in accordance with the Learning Implementation Plan (RPP) which refers to the steps of the PBL model. The learning implementation process also follows the stages in the model, with the teacher acting as a facilitator, including providing internet access to support learning activities. Learning evaluation includes cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects. The results of students' critical thinking skills show that grade VII students are in the fairly critical category, while grade VIII and IX students are included in the critical category.

This article was written to examine the new policy of the Ministry of Kemendikbud, namely the Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar Design, and its Implications for Evaluation of Islamic Religious Education Learning. The emergence of this new curriculum is due to the results of an assessment conducted by PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) assessing that the quality of education in Indonesia is ranked 74th out of 79 countries. Broadly speaking, Indonesian education has experienced a very significant decline in literacy and numeracy. Starting from this phenomenon, the Ministry of Education and Culture designed a new curriculum design called independent learning. This study uses the Library Research method. Namely by collecting data and information in the form of texts, policy documents and previous studies on curriculum design in a formal institution. After studying the design of the Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar, this study analyses the implications of the Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar design with evaluation in Islamic religious education learning. The results of this study include, among others, that the new policy on the design of the Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar that will be applied in all formal education institutions in Indonesia is broadly as follows: 1) The national exam which previously only focused on the cognitive competence of students in the Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar has changed. become a minimum competency assessment that is held halfway through the education level process. 2) National standard school exams, which were formerly administered by the state, in this Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar were given to related educational institutions. 3) Simplification in compiling learning device documents. 4) Changes in the Zoning system in the admission of new students. Islamic religious education is a subject that is different from other subjects, this is because the learning process of Islamic religious education is coloured by divine spirits, from these divine spirits used to design an Islamic religious learning. Seeing the characteristics of the Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar that have been analysed above, the evaluation of Islamic religious education learning should be transformed into Authentic Assessment. In authentic research, Islamic education does not only assess students cognitively, but also assesses affectively (qolbiyah) and also morally (amaliyah).