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This article discusses the perspective of pastoral counseling in addressing bullying among late adolescents aged 15-18 years that affects the psychological well-being of adolescents. Bullying is a significant social problem among teenagers and can have negative impacts on their psychological well-being. The purpose of this research is to explore the role of pastoral counseling in helping adolescents cope with the psychological effects resulting from bullying. The research method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method with a literature review approach, depicting the characteristics of late adolescents aged 15-18 years who are vulnerable to bullying and its impact on their psychological well-being. The research findings indicate that pastoral counseling can provide emotional support, moral guidance, and reinforcement of religious values that assist adolescents in overcoming the pressures of bullying. The implications of this research are that the perspective of pastoral counseling is relevant and beneficial in aiding the protection and recovery of adolescents affected by bullying. It is hoped that this article will provide further understanding of the role of pastoral counseling in addressing bullying among late adolescents aged 15-18 years.

Understanding mechanical and organic solidarity theories, education management can utilise these insights to design an effective, inclusive and relevant education system in the face of continuous social and technological change. The purpose of this research is to explain the Dynamics of Mechanical Solidarity and Organic Solidarity in Education Management: A Durkheimian Perspective. The method used in this study uses qualitative research procedures using a research approach in the form of a literature study. The sources of information in this study were reviewed from various novel sources of literature, research reports, essays, theses, dissertations and posts both print and electronic related to the Dynamics of Mechanical Solidarity and Organic Solidarity in Education Management: A Durkheimian Perspective. The results of this study show that education management should be able to create the right balance between these two types of solidarity. This means understanding the importance of maintaining valuable social norms while accommodating individual diversity. In a modern society, education management should allow students to grow according to their potential, enable student participation in decision-making, encourage collaboration between stakeholders, and respond with flexibility to social change.

Consumptive behavior is an activity in consuming goods and services that is carried out unplanned, exceeding limits and prioritizing wants over needs. This online shopping application really helps students to order the products they need and want just by making transactions on their cellphones. In the view of Islamic economics, consumptive behavior is prohibited and the prohibition has been explained in the Al-Qur'an and Hadith. This study aims to determine the Islamic economic perspective on consumptive behavior in shopping through online shopping applications for students of the Faculty of Islamic Economics and Business, UIN Raden Fatah Palembang. This type of research is a type of descriptive qualitative research using data collection methods in the form of  interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation, and data verification. The results of this study reveal that the consumptive behavior of students of the Islamic Faculty of Economics and Business UIN Raden Fatah Palembang in shopping through online shopping applications still occurs in the student environment due to various reasons and in the Islamic economic perspective, consumptive behavior is prohibited and the prohibition has been explained in the Al-Qur'an and Hadith.

Students In an era filled with intense competition and competitiveness, students are crucial pillars in social and economic development. They are faced with complex challenges, not only in achieving academic excellence, but also in forming a strong and productive personal identity. Students today are under pressure to meet various targets and unwritten standards, creating an environment where these achievements are key to recognition both from themselves and from their surroundings. They try to form a productive self-image, but in the process often become workaholics. Students often show their productive side to build their self-image aimed at the front page, outside of that they tend to be often exhausted both physically and mentally. The goal of productivity formed as a self-image poses a risk where it will form a weak workforce due to physical and mental fatigue that occurs in the process of forming and maintaining a self-image.

Language errors often occur consciously because students basically believe that they do not master the language system they use, so they are not sure about the words they make. Because of the difficulties he experienced, he then thought about creating his own language or even abandoning it. This research analyzes language errors from the most important thing, namely the speeches of Indonesian state leaders from the beginning until now. The analysis was carried out using theories viewed from a linguistic perspective, including Phonology, Semantics and Spelling (EYD). We should preserve the Indonesian language by communicating well, politely and courteously so that we as young people do not feel the fading of this language. Additionally, we must reduce the use of slang, especially in conversations on social media, as it can influence the way the next generation speaks. In everyday life, language must be adapted to the situation at hand and spoken correctly.

This research analyzes Karl Marx's critical views on Islamic education management through the perspective of critical sociology and the basic concepts of Marxism. This study aims to analyze Karl Marx's critical views on Islamic education management through the lens of critical sociology. Karl Marx, a critical theorist and adherent of the historical materialist view, has made major contributions to the understanding of social inequality and structural injustice in society. The research method involves a literature study that examines relevant text and literature sources. The research results show that the Marxist view critically identifies issues of inequality, social exclusion, and the influence of capitalism in the management of Islamic education. Although this research provides a valuable theoretical contribution in understanding Islamic education management from a critical sociological perspective, further research and empirical research is still needed to explore its concrete impact. These findings emphasize the importance of considering structural factors and inequality in efforts to increase inclusiveness and justice in the Islamic education system.

Globalization has had a transformational impact on social life in various segments. Open territories between countries by information and communication technology. This has implications for the dimensions of life, especially the existence and projection of Islamic education. Islamic education faces multidimensional and complex challenges such as technology, ideology, social, cultural, economic and political. Other challenges are professionalism, integrity, solidarity and vision. The aim of this research is to analyze Islamic religious education from a social perspective and its challenges today. This research uses a qualitative approach by means of library research, namely collecting research sources from books, journals, proceedings, which are then analyzed and conclusions are drawn. The results of the research show that the solution to education today and in the future is to increase human resources, including the ability to produce people who can contribute to national development, the ability to produce people who can appreciate, enjoy and maintain the results of development, and the ability to give birth to a humanizing process. and humanity is continuously moving towards a nation that is just and wise and virtuous. Islamic education provides an effective and efficient solution in organizing the social life system amidst multidimensional globalization.

This research aims to determine the review of Islamic law regarding artificial insemination in humans. And to find out the maqashid of sharia on artificial insemination in humans. This research was carried out using library research and paying attention to the field (Field Research). Literature study is a process of searching for various literature, study results related to the research to be conducted. Literature study can be likened to a key that will open everything that can help solve research problems. The results of the research show that artificial insemination in humans in terms of Islamic law is (1) sperm cells and ovum from the husband and wife themselves, and the embryos are not transferred into the womb of another woman (entrusted mother), if the condition of the husband and wife concerned really requires it and (2) artificial insemination or IVF with sperm and/or ovum donors brings more harm than good. The problem is that it can help married couples where both or one of them is infertile or there are natural obstacles in the husband and/or wife that prevent sperm cells from meeting with egg cells. Yusuf Qaradawi said that if sperm comes from another man, whether known or unknown, then this is forbidden. Likewise, if the egg cells come from another woman, or the egg cells belong to the wife, but the uterus belongs to another woman, this is not allowed. Sheikh Mamud Syaltut said that artificial insemination uses the sperm of another man (not her husband). The law is the same as adultery and children born as a result of this kind of insemination have the same status as children born outside of a valid marriage. The Maqashid of Sharia on artificial insemination in humans is hifdzun nasab (protecting the succession of descendants) because children are included in the requirements of doruriyat in marriage. although human insemination (IVF) does carry some risks of death and post-natal disorders. Artificial insemination in humans with sperm and ovum donors will bring more harm (negative impacts) than benefits (positive impacts). Among the benefits is helping husband and wife who are infertile, either both or one of them, to have offspring or who experience problems with normal fertilization.    

The purpose of this research is to determine: (1) The influence of personal appearance on household integrity, (2) The concept of improving appearance in maintaining household integrity from an Islamic legal perspective. The type of research used in this research is qualitative research. In this qualitative method, research is carried out directly in the field or at the research location. The research approach used in this research is in the form of a library study (Library Research). Based on the research results and discussion in this research, it can be concluded that: The influence of personal appearance on the integrity of the household in order to maintain good relationships and relationships between husband and wife, in addition to having good morals. good and wise behavior, maintaining one's appearance also has a significant impact in maintaining the husband-wife relationship. Therefore, it is often recommended that wives look attractive by wearing nice clothes, quality cosmetics and perfume when in front of their husbands. The concept of improving appearance in maintaining the integrity of the household from an Islamic legal perspective is divided into two, namely: (a) Improving appearance which is permissible and this is only limited to in front of the husband or only for the husband, including: wearing perfume, wearing eyeliner, and using eye lenses or contact lenses, ( b) Improving your appearance, which is absolutely haram for reasons for your husband or to increase your personal beauty, is shaving your eyebrows or embroidering your eyebrows and attaching your hair.    

Providing a living in Islam is the responsibility of a husband. The provisions on the husband's obligation to provide maintenance give rise to new problems regarding the wife's implementation of work to meet the family's needs. The aim of this research is to evaluate the sharia values ​​that exist in the case of women working for a living. The problem in this research is how women work to earn a living for their family's needs in the view of maqashid sharia, what are the factors that influence women who work to earn a living, including: the husband's illness, helping prepare the family's future and the factor of helping the husband's income to meet family needs and this can be justified by referring to maqashid sharia. This research uses descriptive research methods using a qualitative descriptive analysis approach. The results of this research are that in a family the husband and wife can play the same role in the family, the wife plays the role of breadwinner for the family due to various factors that cause the family's needs to not be met.

Freight can be generally defined that the carriage is a reciprocal agreement between the carrier  with the sender,  wherein the carrier binds itself to organize the transport of  goods and or from  one  place  to  a  particular  destination  safely,  while  the  sender  binds  itself  to  pay  the freight. Courier  services  and  trade  relationship  of  mutual  influence.  Development  of  trade  is  strongly influenced  by  the  birth  of  a  freight  forwarder.  Courier  services  also  participate  in  the  growth  of foreign and domestic trade. Formulation of research objectives are a reflection direction and elaboration of strategies to problems that arise in the writing, while the writing is being implemented not deviated from its original purpose. Then formulated the goal of this paper was to determine the legal protection and implementation of consumer redress against the freight forwarder.The method used in this research is the method of empirical juridical approach. While the research  is  descriptive  specification  anaitisyang  intended  to  describe  the  legislation  in  force associated with legal theories.Based  on  research  that  shows  that  in  this  case  about  liability  if  anything  happens  to  the item before reaching the destination or delay in delivery or if there are other things, the company is obliged to replace losses caused his company. and in case of loss or serious damage, the company will  provide  compensation  in  accordance  with  the  price  of  goods  or  conducted  negotiations regarding the compensation agreements.

Indonesia is a country that has diversity in it. Starting from the diversity of ethnicities, languages, cultures to traditional arts which of course are unique characteristics of the country of Indonesia. One of the arts owned by Indonesia is Batik. Batik as a work of art has become a richness of Indonesian culture which is admired by the general public, both the Indonesian people themselves and the world community, but behind it all, batik is a form of traditional Indonesian art that requires maintenance, preservation and protection so that it can be enjoyed. by the next generation. This is so because batik is one of Indonesia's cultural products that is vulnerable to becoming a victim of recognition from other countries. There are quite a few phenomena that occur where batik is actually recognized or claimed by neighboring countries, such as Malaysia. This research was conducted to determine the chronology of Batik recognized by Malaysia, in addition to knowing the resolution efforts made by the government in terms of protecting Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) as Batik in Indonesia from the perspective of International Civil Law.

This research aims to determine the heirs in the żawil arḥȃm group according to Islamic law. And to find out the position of żawil arḥȃm in inheritance from the perspective of Islamic law. This research was carried out using library research and paying attention to the field (Field Research). Literature study is a process of searching for various literature, the results of studies related to the research to be carried out. Literature study can be likened to a key that will open everything that can help solve research problems. The results of the research show that the heirs in the żawil arḥȃm group are (1) maternal grandfather, (2) every grandfather or grandmother who dies gets an inheritance, (3) grandchildren from the daughter's side, (4) daughters from the brother's side. son, (5) Sister's son, (6) Mother's brother's son, (7) Mother's uncle, (8) Uncle's daughter, (9) Father's aunt (father's sister), ( 10) Maternal uncles and aunts (mother's brothers and sisters). This is explained by Imam Nawawi in the book Raudhatut Thâlibîn, and Wahbah Zuhaili in the book al-Fiqhul Islam wa Adillatuhu. Meanwhile, according to the Malik and Syafi'i schools of thought, dzawil arham does not inherit. If someone dies without leaving dzawil furudh or ashabah, while he has żawil arḥȃm, then tirkah is given to Baitul mal. Because in the verses Mawaris only explains the ashabul furudh and ashabah parts. Allah does not mention the żawil arḥȃm part at all. Meanwhile, Abu Hanifah and Ahmad are of the opinion that żawil arḥȃm was given a will based on the word of Allah SWT, Surah Al-Ahzab verse 6. And the position of żawil arḥȃm in inheritance is as a non-permanent heir (outside of fardhu and ashobah experts), and as a place to resolve inheritance problems when there are no fardhu and ashobah experts. And those who do not make the dzawil arham an irregular heir, then the settlement is through radd to the żawil furudh which takes precedence over the inheritance of the żawil arḥȃm, but they inherit together with the person who does not get the radd, namely husband and wife.    

Sharia shares are a form of ordinary shares which have special characteristics in the form of strict control regarding the halal scope of business activities. One of the shares listed on the stock exchange belongs to BRI Syariah. Bri Syariah is a sharia bank that has sharia shares. BRI Syariah with the ticker BRIS conducted an initial share offering. Currently, many people are interested in BRIS shares. The increase in BRIS shares is due to the increasing number of people showing interest in sharia finance. Sharia capital markets are capital market activities that do not conflict with sharia principles in the capital market. The explanation of the phenomena stated above provides a gap that requires urgent further research related to the law of buying and selling BRIS shares in the sharia share community from the perspective of Islamic and positive law. This research is normative juridical research that is qualitative in nature. Normative juridical research is a process for determining legal rules, legal principles and legal doctrines. In this research, the approach used is a statutory approach and an analytical approach. From the results of the author's research, it was found that the process of buying and selling BRIS shares from an Islamic legal perspective must avoid several aspects, namely Bai' al-Hamisy and Bai' al-Maksyuf. The practice of buying and selling BRIS shares in the Sharia Shares Community begins with a contract process that is adapted to DSN-MUI No.80 of 2011 and the process of buying and selling BRIS shares from a positive legal perspective has been carried out safely and in accordance with Financial Services Authority (OJK) regulations. buying and selling BRIS shares is permitted based on the perspective of Islamic law. The perspective of Islamic law regulates that buying and selling must avoid several aspects, namely Bai' al-Hamisy and Bai' al-Maksyuf. The practice of buying and selling BRIS shares in the Sharia Shares Community begins with a contract process adapted to DSN-MUI No.8 of 2011, namely mudharabah, ijarah, musyarakah and syirkah contracts.                                  

This research aims to understand the concept of a wife's income from an Islamic legal perspective. And to find out whether the husband is obliged to increase his wife's income when the price of household necessities is expensive from an Islamic legal perspective. This research was conducted using library research and paying attention to the field (Field). Research). Literature study is a process of searching for various literature, the results of studies related to the research to be carried out. Literature study can be likened to a key that will open everything that can help solve research problems. The research results show that a wife's maintenance from the perspective of Islamic law is obligatory for husbands who have reached puberty in a virtuous way, namely in a way that is appropriate to their circumstances and abilities, whether they are well off (rich) or not (poor). This maintenance is obligatory on condition that (1) the wife surrenders herself to her husband completely, (2) the wife is an adult and capable of carrying out husband and wife relations, (3) the marriage that takes place includes a valid marriage contract, (4) the husband is not lost in the event of detention The wife is by his side without syar'i permission. The husband is obliged to increase the wife's living when the price of Daruri's needs is expensive from the perspective of Islamic law for a husband who is rich or capable. If the husband is poor, the wife has the right to receive a living just to meet her needs, food and side dishes that are good, and clothes just to meet her needs. If the husband belongs to the mutawasith (middle) group, his income should be looser, and his clothes should also be better. And Daruri's livelihood is (1) living accommodation, even though he is only able to rent a house. The most important thing is that the children and wife do not get hot, don't get caught in the rain, and are protected from the threat of criminals and wild animals. Relating to the wife's right to receive a place to live or the husband's obligation to provide a place to live. And (2) kiswah living means living in the form of clothing or clothing, which includes the costs of physical care for the wife, health care costs, jewelry costs, recreation costs, children's education costs, and other unexpected costs.    

This research aims to find out whether companies fall into the muzakki category in Islamic law. And to find out the basis of the company's zakat obligations according to Islamic law. This research was carried out using library research and paying attention to the field (Field Research). Literature study is a process of searching for various literature, the results of studies related to the research to be carried out. Literature study can be likened to a key that will open everything that can help solve research problems. The results of the research show that companies are included in the muzakki category in Islamic law, from the perspective of wealth that must be paid zakat, either as shakhshiyyah i'tibariyyah or as a substitute (representative) for shareholders. This is in accordance with Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 38 of 1999 concerning Zakat Management, Law Number 23 of 2011 concerning Zakat Management, and the Compilation of Sharia Economic Law. And including the decision of the Third Indonesian Fatwa Commission Ijtima' Ulama in 2009. Wahbah Zuhaili is of the opinion that factories and exploration buildings do not have zakat. The zakat is only on annual profits if it reaches the nishab syar'i and completes one year. And from the point of view of the group that is obliged to pay zakat. Namely Muslim, independent, fully owned, sufficient haul, sufficient nisab. So, a company is not a bukallaf that is burdened with various obligations, including zakat obligations. That the basis for company zakat obligations according to Islamic law is qiyas. Because in general, in corporate zakat there are similarities between activities carried out by companies and commerce, namely by selling or trading the products of a company. And because a company is essentially a business unit whose activity is trading which can take the form of a firm, trading company, CV, cooperative, PT and so on. because it is seen as based on trading or commerce activities. Therefore, the nishab is the same as the nishab for trade zakat, namely 85 grams of gold.   Keywords: Zakat, Company, Islamic Law

This research aims to determine the method of determining lineage in Islamic law. And to find out the perspective of Islamic law and sharia maqoshid on DNA testing as a determinant of nasab. This research was carried out using library research and paying attention to the field (Field Research). Literature study is a process of searching for various literature, the results of studies related to the research to be carried out. Literature study can be likened to a key that will open everything that can help solve research problems. The research results show that the method for determining lineage in Islamic law is (1) by legal marriage or Fasid marriage, based on the hadith: الوَلَدُ لَلْفِرَاشِ with the meaning of the word firasy being a wife who has been married, (2) method of recognizing lineage or descent, (3) method proof (bayyinah), namely the testimony of two men, or a man and two women. Thus, determining lineage by evidence is stronger than just by confession, because evidence to date is the strongest reason to determine and decide a case, (4) and the tasammu' method. According to Dr. Wahbah al-Zuhaili, determining lineages is permitted through tasammu' as in the law of marriage or wedding night, mendukhul wife, radha', birth and death. And this was agreed upon by the imams of the four schools of thought. That the perspective of Islamic law and maqoshid sharia regarding DNA testing as a determinant of lineage is hifz nasal (protecting offspring). Because the DNA test serves to free him from the accusations leveled against him, and he ensures that the accusations are not true, and proves his child's lineage to his father and this is the child's right, and reassures the husband's soul and erases the doubts in his heart. And a wife who doesn't want to do a DNA test even though her husband urges her is to cover up a certain disgrace, and the maqashid of sharia is hifdul irdh (maintaining self-respect). This is in accordance with the word of Allah SWT in Surah An-Nur verse 19 which shows the recommendation to cover up one's own and other people's disgrace, and to make sure to keep disgrace a secret, as explained by Yusuf Qardawi.

This research aims to determine the Juridical Analysis of Intellectual Property Rights Protection in the Mobile Legend and League of Legend Games from an Indonesian Legal Perspective, based on the title raised in this research. This research uses a type of normative juridical research. The process of collecting data from the objects studied in this research uses primary, secondary and tertiary techniques. The data obtained by this research uses a qualitative method which explains the relationship between variables and generalizes the social phenomena studied.The results of this research show that online gaming has become a rapidly growing industry with many opportunities and challenges related to intellectual property rights and the development of the online gaming industry has also brought complex issues related to copyright, trademarks and patents involving various elements. unique in online games. therefore, the role of intellectual property rights in protecting creative works in games, encouraging innovation, and overcoming violations of intellectual property rights. So it is important to collaborate between online game developers, players and the government in creating a clear and fair legal framework to protect intellectual property rights in online games.

Outsourcing means handing over part of the work implementation to another company through a work contract agreement or worker/labor service provider. This research aims to analyze the form of disharmony in legal norms in outsourcing policies in Indonesia, and to analyze the protection of outsourced workers in terms of John Rawls's theory of Justice. This research is normative research using primary and secondary data obtained from literature reviews and statutory regulations related to the issues raised. The results of this research show that the work relationship that is practiced in the outsourcing system based on Article 65 paragraph (8) of Law Number 13 of 2003 states that work relations that initially occur between workers/laborers and the company receiving the work can in certain cases change to work relations between workers/laborers. with the employing company. This shift creates problems because from the start, employment relations only existed between the employer company and the workers/laborers. After the decision of the Constitutional Court Number 27/PUU-IX/2011, the working relationship between outsourced workers/laborers and outsourcing companies can be carried out through a Specific Time Work Agreement (PKWTT) or a Certain Time Work Agreement (PKWT), but the implication of the Constitutional Court's decision is that if the employment relationship between workers/workers and outsourcing companies that are not based on PKWTT or PKWT, this will create uncertainty about the employment relationship status for outsourced workers/laborers. Regarding the protection of the uncertainty of employment relations between outsourced workers/laborers, John Rawls stated that it would be unfair to sacrifice the rights of one or several people just for the sake of greater economic benefits for society as a whole. Justice as fairness means that not only those who are talented and have better abilities -in this case permanent employees of a company have the right to enjoy various social benefits more, but these benefits must also open up opportunities for those who are less fortunate in terms of These are outsourced workers/laborers in order to improve their standard of living.

Divorce between spouses of different nationalities has become an increasingly common phenomenon in the context of globalization. International civil law plays a key role in addressing the legal issues arising from divorce between different nationalities. This article discusses the legal repercussions arising from such divorces, focusing on several important aspects. Determination of the applicable law is a major concern in cases of non-citizenship divorce. The Lex Loci principle is the rule used to determine the law governing divorce, with special considerations regarding both spouses being from different countries. The recognition of divorce in different jurisdictions is an important concern. The process of official recognition of divorce in different countries often requires special procedures and certain requirements. Issues related to child custody become particularly significant if the couple has children together. International civil law considers aspects such as child residence, custody, and child-related decision-making. A valid divorce certificate may be required for various purposes, including a change in marital status in each spouse's country. The process of obtaining a divorce certificate may vary in each spouse's home country. Pensions and inheritance may also be affected by divorce, and the application of international civil law principles is necessary to determine the associated rights.