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The purpose of this research is to find out about students' mathematical abilities and proofs when learning mathematics at the tertiary level. In this research, researchers used quantitative methods in the form of literature reviews or literature reviews, namely this research took data sources from books, journals and previous research that had been carried out. Apart from that, it is also based on the results of the researcher's analysis, where this theoretical reference can be used as a strong basis for understanding students' mathematical proof abilities. Based on the research results obtained by researchers, it is that students' mathematical proof abilities are not optimal, and based on the research results, the percentage of mathematical proof abilities obtained is less than optimal. The majority of students still have difficulty working on proof questions. This is due to various factors, one of which is that understanding of integers and their definitions and properties is still low.    

The church is a fellowship of saints, called by God to fulfill His mission of teaching sound doctrine to believers in accordance with the Bible. Christian education (PAK) is one of the teaching tasks in the church. This must be done continuously to meet the needs of the faithful. To remain relevant, the church must develop by considering the influence of modern developments that befall the church. In addition, the congregation has shown changes in behavior and lifestyle that are always up-to-date. In addition, the church also encounters teachings that deviate from the Bible and the correct theological foundation. In the development of PAK, the church cannot be separated from theology which is the content of PAK itself. The teaching practiced in the church focuses on God and His work. To understand this, a theology is needed that makes it easy to explain what God's will is for His people. By making theology the basis for the development of biblical PAK, the church grows into a productive congregation that produces more mature congregations who can live out their faith in their daily lives. This article is written using a qualitative descriptive method through literature research. The conclusion of this article is that the church must understand that PAK is a very important mission of the church and needs to be further developed. PAK is part of the church's theological work, so the church must develop PAK based on theology, and theology becomes the basis for the development of PAK in the church.

Awareness of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) has been recognized as a key factor in the success of companies in managing risks and improving productivity. This research investigates best practices to enhance OSH awareness in the workplace and its impact on company performance. Literature review identifies that comprehensive training programs, promotion of safety culture by management, active participation of employees in OSH-related decision-making, and implementation of incentive and reward systems are effective strategies to enhance OSH awareness. These practices provide employees with a deep understanding of potential workplace risks and the importance of safe behavior. Furthermore, the promotion of safety culture by management creates a work environment where safety is prioritized. Active employee participation in OSH decision-making strengthens a positive safety culture, while the implementation of incentive systems provides additional motivation for employees to adopt safe behaviors. By implementing these strategies in combination, companies can create a safer, healthier, and more productive work environment. This research provides valuable insights for stakeholders in developing effective OSH programs and improving overall company performance.

Indonesian history records the important role of the Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie (VOC) in shaping culture and government systems. The VOC, a Dutch trading company, was dominant in the colonial era, controlling territory that is now part of Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore. In its influence, the VOC not only brought Western culture but also expanded corrupt practices in Indonesia. This study uses qualitative research methods with a focus on literature study. Data was obtained through analysis of primary and secondary sources, as well as interviews with historians. This approach allows for an in-depth understanding of VOC culture and the impact of the corruption it initiated. Corruption started by the VOC is still a continuing problem in Indonesia because it has affected culture, social structure and government. Efforts to overcome this problem require hard and consistent work from the government and society. The VOC's influence not only introduced corruption during the colonial period, but also left a lasting legacy that influences Indonesia to this day. This corruption has become integrated into the culture and system of government, requiring continued efforts to overcome its impacts.

This journal discusses the legal requirements for fish catch as the object of a production sharing agreement in Pohuwato Regency. In the context of business cooperation between ship owners and crew members, production sharing agreements have become common practice, although they are often done verbally. This research aims to examine the legal requirements that must be fulfilled by fish catches in order to be the object of a valid production sharing agreement. In this research, normative research methods were used with a legislative approach, a case approach and a conceptual approach. The data used is secondary data obtained through literature study and analysis carried out qualitatively. The research results show that there are four legal conditions that must be fulfilled in an agreement, namely agreement between both parties, ability to carry out the agreement, clear and halal objects, and a form that complies with applicable legal provisions. Apart from that, it was also stated that Law Number 16 of 1964 concerning Fishery Profit Sharing provides an outline of the minimum percentage of profit sharing that must be received by fishermen. However, this research also reveals that the production sharing agreement system in Pohuwato Regency does not always work as it should, especially due to inhibiting factors such as low levels of education. Therefore, the legal protection of fishermen as parties entering into production sharing agreements needs to be improved. In conclusion, to fulfill the legal requirements for fish catch as the object of a production sharing agreement, there needs to be an agreement between both parties, fulfillment of applicable legal requirements, as well as adequate legal protection for fishermen as parties involved in the agreement. Efforts to increase legal understanding and awareness of fishermen's rights need to be made to ensure fairness in the distribution of fish catches in Pohuwato Regency.

The purpose of this journal article is to provide research findings regarding the application of automated production control system theory to the construction industry. from expediting work processes. The method used in this research is to observe the production process of a Primalland light steel construction company in real time. Please note, raw materials can be obtained from literature studies, with a focus on their implementation in industrial processes. There are many challenges in the development sector in Indonesia, both in terms of quality and quantity, PT. PrimaLand Light Steel Frame was founded on December 25 2008 in Pandeglang. Based on the research that has been carried out, the data obtained from this research is then analyzed in detail to determine whether there is a significant difference between price changes that affect sales volume and price changes that affect sales volume. Research on sales volume at PT PrimaLand Pandeglang between 2014 - 2016. PrimaLand light steel tries as best as possible to maintain the quality of the roof truss profile produced by using high quality steel coils, or what can be called High Tension, namely with a yield strength range of Mega Pascal 400 Mpa – 500 Mpa and generally standard G550, or reaching 2x the strength from conventional melted steel which is more than 240 Mpa.

The purpose of writing this article is to find out word class university in Islamic education. This research uses a type of library research. Library research is research carried out by reviewing various journals and related reference books. The results of his research show that policy is a series of actions/activities proposed by a person or a particular institution in a place to resolve obstacles and alternative implementation in order to achieve certain goals. The idea that policy involves behavior that has aims and objectives is an important part of the definition of policy, because after all policy must show what is actually done rather than what is merely proposed in some activity to solve a problem. The concept of a world class university. A world-class university is born with self-development and selfless efforts to meet universal standards. World class university is characterized by; firstly, the lecturers' works are widely used as references by many researchers, lecturers and students throughout the world. secondly, the ability to communicate in international languages, such as English and Arabic. Third, the research findings have an impact on world change. Fourth, all public information related to universities can be accessed by many people throughout the world, and Fifth, these universities have become places of study and research for students from various countries.

This research discusses the importance of teamwork in improving employee performance in a company. Teamwork is an effective way to unite all employees in achieving company goals with better results. Several important aspects of teamwork include clear goals, open and honest communication, cooperative decision making, and an atmosphere of trust. Research shows that teamwork has a positive influence on employee performance, especially in teams involved in complex knowledge work. Other factors that influence employee performance include competence, work motivation, leadership, and work environment. Employee performance assessments are carried out to improve work quality, career development and compensation adjustments. This research uses qualitative methods with literature studies to explore information from various relevant sources.

This study aims to find out and describe the types of errors in mathematical proof. This research method is based on literature review. The stages of this literature review are data collection, data reduction, data display, discussion and conclusions. The research results show that of the 6 articles published from 2014-2023 regarding types of errors in mathematical proof, 6 articles were found that were in accordance with the research variables. The novelty of this research is that there is a connection between one article and other articles that discuss the same topic. The conclusion from this data is that there are many mistakes made by students when working on questions that require mathematical proof. The forms of errors made by students include conceptual errors, principle errors, calculation errors, language interpretation errors, and errors when drawing conclusions.

. This research investigates the involvement of the ASEAN Ministerial Meeting on Transnational Crime (AMMTC) in efforts to tackle human trafficking in the ASEAN region, with a focus on the role and concrete steps that have been taken in supporting the fight against human trafficking in Indonesia. Using a qualitative approach with literature study methods, data was collected from various literature sources including official ASEAN documents, research reports and academic articles. The research results show that human trafficking is one of the most serious transnational crime issues in the ASEAN region, with the main victims including vulnerable women and children. AMMTC plays a role in developing policies and legal frameworks to address human trafficking, as well as facilitating operational cooperation between law enforcement agencies of ASEAN member countries. Concrete steps taken by AMMTC include issuing the ASEAN Action Plan to Combat Transnational Crime, adopting implementation guidelines, and formulating ACTIP (ASEAN Convention Against Human Trafficking in Persons). Through these steps, ASEAN is demonstrating a strong commitment to confronting the issue of human trafficking and working with member countries to address the threat. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the role of AMMTC in combating human trafficking in the ASEAN region and its relevance to efforts to combat human trafficking in Indonesia.

work stress is becoming an increasingly important issue in the workplace safety (K3) perspective. Factors that influence work stress have a significant impact on employee health and organizational productivity. This study aims to identify and analyze the factors that contribute to the level of work stress and its impact on K3. The research method used is a literature study that investigates various factors that can cause work stress, including excessive workload, role conflict, lack of control over work, lack of social support, job insecurity, and unsafe working conditions. In addition, the impact of work stress on K3 has also been analyzed, including an increased risk of work accidents, reduced attention span, and increased risk of physical and mental illness. Research shows that factors such as high job demands, lack of job control, and unsafe work environments contribute significantly to workplace stress levels. In addition, work stress also negatively affects K3, increasing the risk of accidents and occupational diseases. The practical implications of these findings are that organizations can influence workplace stress through intervention programs such as stress management training, encouraging work-life balance, increasing social support, and improving managed work conditions. Therefore, these initiatives not only improve K3 and employee well-being, but also help improve productivity and performance throughout the organization.

Hospital Information Systems (HIS), or Sistem Informasi Rumah Sakit (SIRS), play a critical role in enhancing administrative efficiency, decision support, and healthcare service quality. However, their implementation and effectiveness vary significantly across healthcare settings, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study aims to systematically evaluate the existing literature on HIS effectiveness, implementation barriers, and administrative impact. Using a PRISMA-based Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach, we examined 14 high-quality studies from multiple scholarly databases including PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Garuda. The review applied a hybrid thematic synthesis grounded in HOT-FIT and DeLone & McLean models, combined with a normalized quality scoring system. The findings reveal that HIS implementations positively influence administrative workflow, billing accuracy, and patient throughput, though outcomes are context-dependent. Key challenges include lack of interoperability, resistance to change, and insufficient training. Notably, regulatory mandates and national digital health policies were found to significantly enhance HIS adoption and sustainability. This review contributes a multidimensional synthesis of HIS performance, highlighting the importance of human, organizational, and policy alignment. It offers an evidence-backed framework for HIS evaluation that bridges theory and practice. We conclude that integrated, context-sensitive HIS models are essential for advancing hospital management and public health systems, and recommend further empirical studies on long-term impact and cross-sector integration.

The whole series of prayer movements are arranged in a tauqifi manner taught and practiced by the Prophet SAW. There is no information found in the Prophetic traditions that explain the differences in prayer movements between men and women. In the practice that developed in the community, there was an understanding that there were differences in ruku' and prostration movements for women. Where it is understood that for women to close their hands to their limbs, the distinction appears as a transformation of understanding of the hadith which then becomes a religious practice in the community which is conveyed and taught until it is accepted by the community as a form of teaching. This will then be studied in the form of its transformation from the hadith text into practice in the community. This discussion will be examined with a literature study approach that refers to works in the field of hadith to trace the understanding that emerged in each period.  The hadith literature shows that there is a narration in the Musnad of Abu Hanifah that appeared at the beginning of the second century, which hints at a different way of praying for women by closing their limbs. This narration was not popular in the mu'tamad hadith books that appeared until the end of the third century A.H. Based on this. In the fourth century, another understanding emerged based on a narration that explains bowing and prostration in a way that is specific to women. The narration was found in Sunan Kubra al-Bayhaqy, where al-Bayhaqy was a follower of the Shafi'iyyah school of thought.  This understanding developed in the books of fiqh shafi'iyyah which were widely used in pesantren and became the understanding and practice of the majority of people who followed the Shafi'i school of thought.

The purpose of this study is to investigate how religious education influences the development of a person's character in their early adult years. A person's identity, moral independence, and life values are formed during the crucial developmental stage of early adulthood, which has a big influence on their future. This study examines the role that Christian Religious Education plays in promoting character development that embodies Christian values like love, honesty, responsibility, and integrity using a qualitative research approach based on a literature review. According to the findings, Christian Religious Education is crucial for raising people's moral consciousness, establishing spiritual principles, and assisting them in overcoming social obstacles. Christian Religious Education helps people develop a Christ-centered identity, improves their capacity for responsible decision-making, and promotes engagement in worthwhile social activities by teaching them God's Word. This study does, however, also point out a number of issues that could compromise the efficacy of character education, including the impact of digital media and social settings. According to the study's findings, Christian religious education plays a vital role in forming morally pure and motivated young adults. To foster an atmosphere that encourages character development, families, educational institutions, and society must work together. It is anticipated that the results will offer useful insights for creating more pertinent and successful Christian Religious Education initiatives.

Toxic leadership in church contexts is not merely an organizational problem; it can become a psychospiritual wound when pastoral authority is used to shame, silence, manipulate, or control congregants in the name of God. This article examines pastoral counseling for congregants who experience inner wounds caused by toxic leadership in the church. The study addresses a gap in previous research: leadership studies have clarified the concepts of abusive supervision and destructive leadership. In contrast, religious trauma research has described spiritual abuse, yet fewer works have developed a constructive pastoral counseling synthesis that integrates both fields. Using a conceptual and integrative literature review design, this article draws on peer-reviewed studies on toxic leadership, spiritual abuse, institutional betrayal, moral injury, trauma-informed care, and spiritually integrated psychotherapy. The synthesis proposes that pastoral counseling in this context must be trauma-informed, spiritually competent, ecclesially accountable, and clinically humble. Three findings are advanced: toxic church leadership wounds identity, agency, and God-image; pastoral counseling must begin with safety, validation, narrative reconstruction, and protection of conscience; and recovery requires individual care and institutional repair through accountability, referral pathways, and anti-retaliatory church culture. The article concludes that pastoral counseling is most constructive when it becomes a ministry of truth-telling, non-coercive accompaniment, and communal restoration rather than a tool for preserving abusive systems.

This article constructs a Christian pastoral counseling framework for congregants who experience trauma caused by social rejection. Social rejection within family, peer, workplace, or church communities may wound identity, belonging, agency, and spiritual meaning; however, pastoral responses often remain either overly moralistic or merely consolatory. The objective of this study is to formulate a trauma-informed and theologically accountable model of pastoral counseling that can be used by local church ministers without replacing professional mental health care. This study uses a qualitative constructive literature review by synthesizing recent studies on trauma-informed care, social exclusion, religious coping, chaplaincy, and pastoral theology published before 2024. The analysis identifies five core findings: trauma from social rejection is primarily relational; pastoral care must begin with safety, consent, and validation; theological interpretation should resist victim-blaming; congregational belonging is part of recovery; and referral ethics are necessary when symptoms exceed pastoral competence. The proposed model integrates safe presence, narrative listening, theological reconstruction, communal restoration, and clinical referral. The implication is that churches need a pastoral counseling culture that protects wounded congregants from retraumatization while sustaining spiritual hope, relational repair, and responsible interdisciplinary collaboration.

This systematic literature review examines the evolving role of Quality Engineering (QE) in optimizing production processes within Industry 4.0 contexts. By analyzing 78 peer-reviewed studies (2010–2025), the research identifies critical shifts in QE methodologies, emphasizing integration with artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and real-time digital twin technologies. Key findings reveal enhanced robustness through adaptive optimization algorithms (e.g., Bayesian optimization, NSGA-II), improved defect prediction via AI-driven quality control systems, and streamlined process interoperability through Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES) and Quality 4.0 frameworks. The study underscores digital integration as a catalyst for reducing variability, accelerating decision-making, and aligning quality management with Industry 4.0’s demands for agility and interconnected systems. Recommendations include adopting hybrid methodologies combining classical Six Sigma with ML-driven analytics and investing in workforce training for digital QMS adoption.

This study aims to analyze the use of Google Scholar, SINTA, and BIMA platforms in improving the quality and quantity of academic publications as indicators of lecturer performance evaluation at the Ganesha College of Economics (STIE). The research was conducted for three months from February to April 2023. The method used a qualitative approach with a case study involving 67 lecturers of S1 Management, S1 Accounting and S2 Management of STIE Ganesha. Data collection techniques through literature studies, interviews, and observations. Data analysis was carried out using descriptive and comparative analysis techniques. The results showed that 45 permanent lecturers of STIE Ganesha had used the academic platform, namely Google Scholar and SINTA. And 67 other people already have a BIMA account. The obstacles of lecturers include a) Lack of awareness of lecturers in research, b) Research intention and interest are still weak, c) Do not understand how to use academic platforms, d) Technical ability to make research articles is not the same. The solution to anticipate it by: a) Providing training, socialization or technical support for lecturers in the use of academic platforms, b) Providing intensive assistance to lecturers every time in Writing Academic Skills.  The role of the STIE Ganesha Research and Community Service Institute (LPPM) as an institution that handles lecturer research is very important in encouraging an increase in the publication of scientific papers by lecturers. The research limits the scope of the use of academic platforms for STIE Ganesha lecturers, it is hoped that wider research development can be carried out related to the publication of scientific papers by lecturers. This research contributes to knowledge insights for the general public in the use of academic platform tools. The research results are expected to provide input for educational institutions to improve the lecturer performance evaluation system and provide better support for improving the quality and quantity of lecturers' academic publications.

Job insecurity is a major concern among employees in various organizations, including public health centers in Banjarmasin City, Indonesia. A systematic literature review was conducted to investigate the influence of job insecurity on turnover intention among community health center employees in Banjarmasin. The results of the analysis carried out on 14 articles showed that job insecurity had a positive effect on turnover intention. Job insecurity can lead to stress, anxiety, and dissatisfaction, which can negatively impact an employee's commitment to their organization and increase their intention to leave. All studies used quantitative research methods with survey techniques for data collection. Strategies to enhance job security perceptions, such as improving communication transparency, offering career development opportunities, and implementing fair and consistent human resource practices, may help mitigate turnover intentions. The findings of the studies highlight the importance of addressing job insecurity to reduce turnover intention and improve employee retention in primary health care in Banjarmasin. Investing in initiatives that cultivate a sense of job security and stability among health workers can contribute to the long-term sustainability and effectiveness of primary healthcare service delivery in the region.

Mary is the Mother of God and Mother of the Church. She was God's chosen woman who became the mother of Jesus. Mother Mary has a major role in the mystery of God's work of salvation. The main issue raised by the author is who Mary is in the life of Christians and why Mary is called the star of the new evangelization. The purpose of this writing is to talk about Mary as the new star of evangelization for Christians. The method used in this thesis is the literature review method. The discussion obtained is that Mary is the star of the new evangelization. Mary, Mother of the Redeemer, is also the Mother of the Church who is an example in proclaiming the joyful news of the Gospel. Mother Mary did not abandon the role that brought salvation, but she continued to obtain for Christians the gifts that lead to salvation. So that Christians understand how to proclaim the Gospel joyfully and be ready to respond to God's call. So, it is recommended for Christians, Catholic Religious Teachers to be actively involved in preaching the joyful news of the Gospel.