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The development of automation and robotics technology has driven innovation in various industrial fields, particularly in automatic sorting systems. Manual sorting processes often lead to inefficiencies and human errors, creating the need for an automatic, fast, and accurate system. This research employs a qualitative method which includes experimentation, testing, and system documentation. The system is designed as a robotic arm for sorting objects based on color, utilizing a TCS3200 color sensor and an ESP32 microcontroller. An ultrasonic sensor detects the presence of objects, while the sorting results are displayed through a real-time web monitoring system. The test results show that the prototype successfully sorts four primary colors (red, green, blue, and yellow) with a high level of accuracy. This research is expected to serve as a reference for the development of automation systems and robotics learning tools in both educational and industrial applications. In addition, this research also contributes to the development of technology that can increase efficiency and accuracy in industrial production processes and provide more environmentally friendly solutions by reducing the need for manual labor.

This study aims to analyze the shoe production process from an operational management perspective at PT. XYZ. The focus of the research is directed at the stages of the production process and the management of raw materials in supporting the smooth running and efficiency of production activities. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach carried out through an Internship Experience Practice (PPL) at PT. XYZ. Data was collected through direct observation of production activities, interviews with relevant parties in the production department, and supporting documentation. The data obtained was analyzed by describing the production process flow, raw material management system, and production process control, then linked to the concept of operational management. The results showed that the shoe production process at PT. XYZ consisted of several interrelated stages, starting from raw material management to the main production process. The company has implemented a fairly structured operational management system, characterized by the recording of raw materials, the separation of materials by type, and the application of the First in First Out (FIFO) method to maintain material quality and smooth production. However, several operational obstacles were still found, such as limited production time, suboptimal coordination between departments, and the potential for defective products in the production process. The implementation of operational management at PT. XYZ has supported the shoe production process quite effectively, particularly in raw material management and production control. Nevertheless, improved coordination and continuous evaluation of the production process are needed to enhance operational efficiency and product quality.

PT UVW uses jigs in the vacuum metalizing process that require washing, which is currently done manually, resulting in inefficiency and risks to operators, thus, jig washer machine was created in order to reduce the risk for operators and increasing efficiency, which based on horizontal mixer. This study analyses the effect of agitator design on fluid flow patterns in a jig washing machine to obtain an optimal design. Two agitator design alternatives were developed and tested using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations at rotational speeds of 70, 75, and 100 rpm, followed by prototype fabrication and performance testing. Simulation results show that the second design produces a higher fluid velocity (20.4 m/s) and a more turbulent and uniform flow pattern compared to the first design (1.7 m/s). Field tests confirmed that the second design achieves higher washing effectiveness (97.14%) with reduced water consumption and shorter washing time. The optimally designed agitator washing machine increases productivity by six times compared to manual washing and reduces operator exposure to hazardous chemicals. This study recommends the second agitator design for improving washing efficiency and effectiveness.

This study aims to review the perspectives of MSME owners in the Gonilan area, particularly regarding part-time workers and their use in improving operational cost efficiency. The Gonilan area is known to have many MSMEs operating in various sectors, making this study relevant for understanding the challenges they face. A qualitative method was chosen so that the researcher could conduct in-depth interviews with three MSME owners. The informants were selected because they employed both full-time and part-time workers. The interview results showed that part-time workers were effective in reducing operational costs, such as more flexible hourly wages, although there were some disadvantages. The main disadvantages of part-time workers included lack of experience and limited working hours, which could be overcome through extra training and clear task distribution so that they could focus and increase productivity. The study concluded that the use of part-time workers has a significant impact on the operational cost efficiency of MSMEs, helping owners navigate the market without excessive financial burdens and encouraging long-term business growth.

Micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are required to establish well-organized bookkeeping and administrative systems to enhance competitiveness and readiness for international expansion. However, Iluh Craft MSME continues to face challenges related to unstructured financial record-keeping and traditional administrative practices, which hinder effective financial monitoring and the preparation of business documentation. This community service activity aims to implement an efficient bookkeeping and administrative system to improve recording accuracy, operational efficiency, and the readiness of Iluh Craft MSME to expand into international markets. The implementation employed a descriptive participatory approach involving interviews, observations, and documentation, followed by system design, phased implementation, mentoring, and joint evaluation with the partner. The results demonstrate a significant improvement in the accuracy of financial records, a reduction in transaction recording errors to below 5%, administrative time efficiency gains of approximately 25–30%, and improved document organization with faster data retrieval. In addition, more than 90% of staff members were able to operate the system independently. Overall, the implementation of an efficient bookkeeping and administrative system proved effective in supporting more professional business management and enhancing the readiness of Iluh Craft MSME for international market expansion.

This study examines the effectiveness of the purchasing accounting information system at PT. ABC, with an emphasis on the quality and timeliness of information from ordering to payment to vendors. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data was obtained through interviews, observations, and documentation involving departments related to purchasing activities. The results show that although the system has been implemented in accordance with company procedures, its effectiveness is still not optimal. This is evidenced by inconsistent documentation, frequent invoice revisions, and delays in the verification and payment processes, which reduce the efficiency and reliability of information. These problems are caused by weak document control, limited interdepartmental coordination, inadequate human resources, and high workloads in the purchasing unit. Therefore, improvements in system implementation and internal control are needed to improve the accuracy, timeliness, and overall effectiveness of the purchasing accounting information system.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of bulk cement loading processes on the operational performance of vessels agented by PT. Pelayaran Multi Jaya Samudera Belawan. Bulk cement loading is a complex logistical activity at specialized port terminals that requires intensive coordination between the vessel, agency, and terminal to comply with international safety standards such as the IMSBC Code. The research method used was descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques including direct field observations, interviews with the company's operational staff, and documentation studies conducted during the internship period. The research findings indicate that loading effectiveness is significantly influenced by the readiness of cargo handling equipment, such as pneumatic or conveyor systems, as well as the timeliness of agency administration in processing ship documents. Although the process generally runs well, obstacles were identified in the form of technical malfunctions of loading equipment and weather factors that frequently hinder operational speed. The conclusion of this research emphasizes that enhancing technical supervision and strengthening communication between the agent and port terminal authorities are crucial to minimizing vessel dwelling time, thereby optimizing operational performance and cost efficiency for ship owners.

This study aims to identify and minimize waste in the process of procuring Food & Beverage raw materials at Hotel PXY Jasa Bali using the Lean Inventory Management approach. Observations over one month showed that the total procurement cost reached 47% of the total revenue, exceeding the ideal limit of 35%. One of the main causes is the inefficient and lack of synchronization between divisions in the Rhapsody platform, which causes waste in the form of defects, delays, over-processing, and transportation. This study uses the Value Stream Mapping (VSM) method to map actual conditions and Process Activity Mapping (PAM) to identify the type of activity based on the waste category. In addition, root cause analysis is carried out using the Root Cause Analysis (RCA) approach. The mapping results showed that out of the total lead time of 598.44 minutes, only 278.49 minutes or 46.54% were value-added activities. This finding indicates that the procurement process is not yet efficient and needs optimization. Several recommendations were given to minimize waste, such as clearer division of tasks, improved communication with vendors, and the procurement of supporting facilities to reduce physical movement between divisions. The implementation of this lean service is expected to be able to increase the efficiency of the logistics process and reduce the company's overall operational costs.

The management of used goods in warehouses involves a high level of complexity due to the wide variety of item types, differences in economic value, and limitations in space and labor. These conditions result in unstructured item arrangement, difficulties in determining item priorities, and inefficient loading processes caused by relatively long material handling distances. This study aims to analyze the application of the ABC Analysis method to improve layout efficiency and the management of used goods at the warehouse of UD. Barokah Mulia Rongsok. The research method employed is descriptive quantitative with a case study approach. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and warehouse record documentation, then analyzed using the ABC Analysis method as well as an analysis of the relationship between material handling distance and loading time. The results show that Category A items have the highest contribution in terms of value and movement frequency; however, under existing conditions, these items are still located far from the loading area. In addition, a relationship was found between material handling distance and loading duration. Based on these findings, a proposed warehouse layout was developed that prioritizes placing Category A items closer to the loading door, thereby potentially improving warehouse layout efficiency.

This research is motivated by the high rate of inability to read the Quran in Indonesia and the urgency of providing appropriate learning stimuli during the golden period of child development. The Al-Husna method was chosen because it emphasizes the principles of simplicity, ease, and tartil, which are considered relevant to the characteristics of early childhood. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of the application of the Al-Husna method in Quran learning at PAUD Tahfidzul Qur'an Yurefi Kendari using the Goal-Oriented Evaluation Model. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The evaluation results show that the application of the Al-Husna method has met the learning objectives that have been set at PAUD Tahfidzul Qur'an Yurefi. These achievements include improving students' abilities in recognizing and pronouncing hijaiyah letters with the support of visual codes, mastery of syllables of hijaiyah letters, and understanding the punctuation system using standards according to Rasm Uthmani, achieving efficiency in the use of time and materials in the learning process, and creating a fun, active, and participatory learning environment for children. The identified challenges primarily relate to the need for educators to have a comprehensive understanding of the Al-Husna method. However, schools can address these challenges by implementing ongoing training and mentoring programs. Overall, the findings of this study indicate that the Al-Husna method is effective in building a foundation of basic Quranic reading skills and understanding in early childhood, using a child-friendly and meaningful approach. Therefore, this method can be used as a strategic alternative for teaching Quranic reading and understanding in educational institutions.

The rapid development of information technology has provided significant opportunities to improve the efficiency of academic administration in schools. One of the common problems faced by educational institutions is the manual process of subject scheduling, which is time-consuming and prone to schedule conflicts among teachers, classes, and learning time. This problem is also experienced by SMPK Flos Carmeli, where the preparation of subject schedules has not yet been supported by an integrated computerized system. This study aims to design and develop a web-based subject scheduling application at SMPK Flos Carmeli using the Model–View–Controller (MVC) architecture. The research method employed is Research and Development (R&D) with the Waterfall software development model, which includes the stages of requirements analysis, system design, and application implementation. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and literature review to obtain system requirements that align with the school’s conditions. The application was developed using native PHP with the implementation of the MVC pattern to produce a structured, maintainable, and flexible system. The results show that the developed application is able to support the subject scheduling process in a faster, more accurate, and well-organized manner. The system provides features for managing teacher data, class data, time slots, schedule arrangement, and schedule printing, thereby minimizing schedule conflicts and improving the efficiency of school administrative work. Therefore, this subject scheduling application is expected to support the digitalization of academic administration and enhance the effectiveness of the teaching and learning process at SMPK Flos Carmeli.

Heavy equipment effectively plays a key role in ensuring productivity and efficiency in the precast concrete industry of spun pile concrete at PT Adhi Beton Purwakarta. One of the heavy equipment that plays an important role is the mobile crane, especially for moving large concrete components. In this study, field data was processed by analyzing the productivity and efficiency of the Tadano GR-500EXL type mobile crane with a capacity of 50 tons. Current problems are high idle time, lack of operational synchronization, and suboptimal utilization of technological features on the crane unit. The results show that spun pile concrete weighing 6.78 tons based on the analysis of heavy equipment productivity is 40.68 tons/hour with the number of mobile crane heavy equipment needed as many as 2 units, and the efficiency for crane heavy equipment reaches around 68%. The amount of productivity and needs are to support the target of achieving precast concrete production, especially spun pile concrete. Thus, it is expected that the amount of productivity and the number of mobile crane heavy equipment needs are optimal to support production.

Digital transformation in judicial institutions is aimed at improving transparency, efficiency, and legal certainty for the public. One of the main instruments in the digitization of the judiciary in Indonesia is the Case Tracking Information System (Sistem Informasi Penelusuran Perkara/SIPP), which functions as a means of case administration as well as a medium for public information disclosure. Although SIPP is considered to be running well from an administrative perspective, its effectiveness from the point of view of service users, particularly in providing information on court schedules, still shows limitations in its practical use. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of SIPP in providing information and certainty regarding court schedules for service users at the Surabaya Class IA Special District Court. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. Data was obtained through in-depth interviews with service users and court officials, observation, and review of documents and system data. The analysis was conducted using the Socio-digital effectiveness framework, which focuses on three dimensions, namely user experience, citizen engagement, and public value, to examine the relationship between digital systems, user experience, and the social meaning of public judicial services. The analysis shows that the SIPP has been quite effective in providing access to court schedule information at the administrative level. This effectiveness is reflected in the openness of information access, which can be used by the public without special authentication. However, at the level of practical use, there are still limitations in terms of timeliness and consistency of information updates when there are delays or changes to the court schedule. This affects the user experience in planning attendance and shapes perceptions of the reliability of the digital information provided by the court.

This study seeks to investigate the role of Fear of Missing Out (FOMO) and financial technology (fintech) in influencing Generation Z's investment decisions through a literature review approach. The rapid advancement of digital technology and the growing use of social media have transformed the financial behavior of young people, such that investment decisions are no longer solely based on rationality but are also shaped by psychological factors. The method used in this study is a literature review, which involves analyzing scientific articles indexed at both national and international levels published between 2021 and 2025. The findings indicate that FOMO can enhance investment participation, yet it also risks prompting impulsive and less rational decision-making. On the other hand, fintech contributes by simplifying access to financial services, improving transaction efficiency, and expanding financial inclusion. Nevertheless, real-time features on fintech platforms may amplify users' emotional responses, thereby magnifying the impact of FOMO. Accordingly, this research underscores the importance of financial literacy and prudent technology use to foster more rational investment decisions among Generation Z.

The development of information technology has significantly transformed commercial activities, particularly through the emergence of electronic transactions or e-commerce. The convenience offered by digital trading systems provides various benefits for both consumers and business actors, such as time efficiency, ease of access, and broader market reach. However, behind these advantages, there are also several risks that may harm consumers, including discrepancies between product descriptions and actual goods, delivery delays, and potential online fraud. This study aims to analyze the legal protection for consumers in electronic transactions and the responsibilities of business actors within digital commerce systems. This research employs a normative legal research method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that consumer legal protection in electronic transactions has been regulated in various laws and regulations; however, in practice, several challenges remain in its implementation. Therefore, strengthening regulations, enhancing supervision of business actors, and increasing public legal awareness are necessary to create a safer electronic transaction system and ensure legal certainty for consumers.

The SIAP Application is an innovation developed as a solution to support the archiving business process in the Planning Bureau. Currently, most employees still use computers and a web-based cloud system developed by Pusdatin using the PHP programming language as a storage medium for files that are no longer actively used and are categorized as dynamic archives. However, the cloud system does not have a well-structured archive management system, which often causes difficulties when employees need to retrieve archived files. As a result, employees must search for files manually by checking archived documents one by one in the cloud. This process is time-consuming and may lead to problems such as difficulties in finding files and the risk of data loss. Based on these conditions, the SIAP Application was developed to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of archive management in the Planning Bureau.The SIAP Application has an advantage in the archiving process, where employees can easily search for archives using the letter number or subject that has been entered into the system. The system will automatically display the required archive, making the retrieval process faster, more accurate, and more organized compared to the previous cloud system.The development of the SIAP Application uses PHP and HTML as the programming languages, with Bootstrap and Tailwind CSS as the user interface frameworks, and MySQL as the database. The system development method used is the Waterfall model, problem analysis is carried out using the PIECES method, and system testing is conducted through black-box testing and the System Usability Scale (SUS) to measure system usability.

This research aims to design and build a client service website and pre-registration of cases at the KOFIPINDO Law Office as a solution to administrative problems that are still carried out manually. The system is developed using the waterfall method through the stages of needs analysis, system design, coding, testing, and maintenance. The website that was built provides features for account registration, filling in case data, uploading supporting documents, and verification by the admin so that the file is ready to be submitted to the e-Court system. In addition, the system is equipped with a case status monitoring dashboard, automatic notifications to clients, and submission history that can be accessed at any time. The results of the study show that this platform is able to improve service efficiency, minimize administrative errors, and speed up the pre-registration process of cases. The implementation of this system also helps to increase the transparency of communication between law firms and clients. Furthermore, the use of this website has the potential to reduce the administrative workload of staff, optimize the management of case data, and improve the accuracy of legal documentation. The system is also designed with the client's data security and privacy aspects in mind in accordance with the principles of digital information protection. Thus, this system can be an effective, structured, and integrated digital means to support the modernization of legal services at KOFIPINDO, improve service professionalism, and strengthen the competitiveness of law offices in the digital ecosystem.

This study examines the role of agents in the renewal process of cargo ship construction safety certificates at the Merak Banten Harbormaster and Port Authority Office (KSOP), using a case study of PT. Vinici Samudera Agencies, Merak Branch. The study aimed to determine the role of agency companies in assisting shipowners in fulfilling certification obligations and to examine certificate renewal procedures in accordance with legal provisions and shipping safety standards. The research methods employed included a field approach through direct observation, interviews, and a literature review of relevant literature, regulations, and official documents. Based on the research findings, PT. Vinici Samudera Agencies plays a significant role in processing shipping administrative documents, coordinating with the KSOP, ensuring compliance with applicable legal provisions, and providing technical guidance to ensure ships remain seaworthy. The agency's role has been proven to increase time efficiency, reduce the risk of delays, and provide legal certainty in the certificate renewal process. Therefore, the presence of ship agents is a strategic factor in supporting the smooth operation of cargo ships at the Port of Merak.

The 50 meter freestyle is a sprint event that requires explosive strength, efficient technique, and optimal body stability. Arm muscle strength contributes directly to propulsion, while core muscle strength supports stability and force transfer. This study aimed to analyze the influence of arm and abdominal muscle strength on 50-meter freestyle swimming performance among athletes of the Science Swimming Team (SST) Sidoarjo. A quantitative correlational design was employed with a sample of 10 athletes aged 10–12 years (5 males, 5 females). Arm muscle strength was measured using the pull-up test, abdominal strength with a 30-second sit-up test, and swimming performance with the best time in a 50-meter freestyle trial. Data were analyzed using Spearman correlation and multiple linear regression with a 0.05 significance level. Results indicated a significant correlation between arm strength and swimming performance (r = 0.773; p = 0.009), while abdominal strength showed a positive but non-significant correlation (r = 0.609; p = 0.062). Regression analysis revealed that both variables together explained 57.7% of the variance in swimming speed. It is concluded that arm muscle strength has a dominant influence on freestyle sprint performance, whereas core muscles serve as supporting factors for stability and efficiency. These findings highlight the importance of integrated training programs combining arm and core strengthening to optimize sprint performance in young swimmers.

This study aims to design a drug inbound and outbound transaction application that can improve the effectiveness and efficiency of drug data management at the UPTD Pharmacy Installation of Tanjungbalai City. The research method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach. Data collection was carried out through direct observation at the research location, interviews with pharmacy staff, and documentation studies of documents related to drug management. The data obtained were then analyzed to identify weaknesses in the current system and determine the system requirements to be designed. The results of the study indicate that the existing manual recording system has not been able to support optimal drug management because it is less effective and prone to errors. The drug inbound and outbound transaction application designed in this study can assist pharmacy staff in recording incoming and outgoing drug data, monitoring drug stock in real-time, and generating reports automatically.