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The development of information technology has produced a significant transformation in election administration mechanisms, including within the City of Palangka Raya. The digitalization of various services and information systems requires the General Elections Commission (KPU) to enhance transparency while simultaneously ensuring the security of voter data and election results. This study aims to examine the key challenges faced by the Palangka Raya KPU in balancing the need for information openness with data protection in the digital era. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method through literature review, direct observation, and structured interviews with KPU staff, election supervisors, and relevant stakeholders. The findings indicate that digitalization improves the effectiveness of public information dissemination, including through the use of Sidalih and Sirekap, yet it also introduces vulnerabilities such as potential voter data breaches, cyberattacks, and the spread of disinformation through social media. Moreover, limitations in human resources with technological expertise serve as constraints in optimizing digital security. Conversely, the implementation of data security standards and improvements in voter digital literacy contribute to strengthening public trust in the election process. Thus, the Palangka Raya KPU needs to reinforce cybersecurity infrastructure, enhance internal technical capacity, and broaden public education programs to safeguard electoral integrity amid increasing transparency demands and digital risks. Collaboration among government, academia, and the community is a strategic element in maintaining the quality of democracy in the digital era.

The problem with the coconut grater machine is that the machine has decreased performance after being used for several years, especially in the mechanical components (electric motor, V belt, Pulley, grater knife, hopper) and its electricity. The purpose of maintenance and repair planning is to obtain costs, maintenance and repair schedules for the period 2026, and the ratio of maintenance costs to profit. The maintenance and repair planning method includes collecting previous maintenance data, applying the inspection-replace-repair-overhaul (IRRO) method, evaluating component conditions, predicting component lifespan, predicting labor costs, predicting supporting equipment that will be used in maintenance, predicting the time to replace spare parts or reinstall repaired components, estimating maintenance and repair costs for the 2026 period, and calculating the maintenance cost to profit ratio. The results of maintenance and repair planning obtained maintenance costs for the 2026 period were IDR 957,000 with an estimated coconut grater machine rental rate of IDR 10,000/hour which has the potential to be rented for 900 hours/year, and the maintenance cost to profit ratio was 10.6% which implies that the coconut grater machine with a capacity of 15 kg/hour is still prospective and feasible to use for the next few years.

Penelitian ini menganalisis perilaku lentur balok beton bertulang dengan tulangan Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) dibandingkan tulangan baja konvensional, ditinjau dari beban maksimum, lendutan maksimum, dan pola keruntuhan. Pengujian eksperimental dilakukan pada balok beton mutu K-225 berdimensi 150 × 150 × 600 mm menggunakan metode pembebanan dua titik. Benda uji terdiri atas balok kontrol (BKA dan BKB) serta balok variasi (BVA dan BVB). Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa balok bertulangan GFRP memiliki kapasitas beban maksimum yang lebih tinggi, dengan peningkatan dari 28,68 kN menjadi 58,40 kN (103,6%) pada BKA–BVA dan dari 55,71 kN menjadi 68,01 kN (22,1%) pada BKB–BVB. Namun, balok variasi mengalami lendutan maksimum yang lebih besar, yaitu 7,74 mm dan 5,38 mm, dibandingkan balok kontrol sebesar 2,22 mm dan 2,92 mm. Pola keruntuhan menunjukkan bahwa balok kontrol mengalami keruntuhan lentur yang bersifat daktail, sedangkan balok variasi cenderung mengalami keruntuhan rapuh dengan dominasi retak lentur dan geser. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa tulangan GFRP efektif meningkatkan kapasitas beban balok, namun disertai dengan lendutan yang lebih besar dan keruntuhan yang lebih cenderung getas.

The goal of this community service program (PkM) at SMA Negeri 11 Samarinda is to increase students' enthusiasm for reading by providing them with e-books that are based on QR codes. Students' lack of enthusiasm for reading and resources for reading led to the program's inception. E-books with QR codes embedded were presented as a workable approach to digital literacy that caters to the needs of students who were born into the digital age. Several steps were involved in the process, such as determining requirements, creating an e-book, creating QR codes, installing them at key school locations, and finally, monitoring and evaluating the results. Observations and questionnaires were given to 200 students as part of the assessment. Students' interest in and ability to access literature were both enhanced by the usage of QR Codes, according to the findings. In a survey, 82% of people said QR Codes were simple to use, and 85% said they were more motivated to read after using them. In terms of reading frequency, 76% of students saw an improvement, and 72% said they could understand what they read better.With an overall mean score of 4.35 (categorized as excellent), the digital literacy program proved to be effective and positively received. Overall, the implementation of QR Code–based e-books successfully strengthened digital literacy practices and created a more engaging, flexible, and sustainable reading experience, offering a model for digital literacy initiatives in other schools.

This research aims to analyze, examine, and identify the forms of legal protection available for child victims of bullying, as well as to assess government measures in providing compensation to these victims based on Indonesia’s ius constituendum framework. In recent years, bullying cases involving minors have significantly increased, leaving victims unable to defend themselves. The primary issues addressed in this study concern the legal protection afforded to child victims of bullying and the manner in which the government provides compensation in accordance with the envisioned future law (ius constituendum) in Indonesia. This study employs a normative legal research method, relying on the examination of legal materials. The approach used is the statute approach, referring to relevant laws and regulations. The findings reveal the types of legal protection accessible to child victims of bullying and the measures that the government may implement to provide compensation in alignment with Indonesia’s aspirational legal framework.

Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) play a strategic role in shaping the character and noble character of the younger generation amidst the increasingly sophisticated currents of modernization and digital challenges. This study aims to examine the process of character formation of students' noble character through habituation of attitudes at the Muhammadiyah Ibnu Juraimi PPTQ, as well as to understand the strategies, challenges, and roles of various parties in supporting this character development. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a case study type, through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that habituation of attitudes is the main strategy, which is realized through teacher role models, enforcement of discipline, routine worship such as qiyamullail, sunnah fasting, recitation of the Qur'an, and social habits such as respect and the use of Islamic greetings. The main challenges in implementing guidance are differences in student backgrounds, the motivation of administrators who still lack awareness in guiding children, and the negative influence of gadgets. Efforts to resolve this are carried out by limiting gadget access, strengthening role models, and involving students' guardians in supporting children's development. The conclusion of this study confirms that the formation of noble character is a long process that requires consistent habituation, contributions between teachers, students, administrators, and guardians of students, as well as overcoming external challenges wisely.

The concept of money in Islamic economics is grounded in the understanding that money is not merely a medium of exchange but a trust that must be managed according to the principles of justice, benefit, and ethical conduct. In this perspective, money cannot be treated as a commodity traded solely for profit without supporting real economic activities, making practices such as usury (riba), excessive uncertainty (gharar), and hoarding incompatible with Islamic values due to their potential to create inequality and economic instability. Islamic economics emphasizes that the circulation of money must be connected to the real sector to generate added value and support sustainable economic growth. Furthermore, the management of money aims to promote fairness and social balance through mechanisms such as zakat, infaq, and charity. Thus, the Islamic view of money provides an ethical foundation and practical framework for developing a financial system that is stable, inclusive, and oriented toward societal well-being.

This Community Service (PKM) activity aims to improve artificial intelligence (AI) literacy in students majoring in Visual Communication Design (DKV) at SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Palembang through Canva-based training. The development of AI technology has brought about a significant change in the world of graphic design, where features such as Magic Design, Text-to-Image, and Background Remover are now widely used to support the creative process. However, most vocational school students are still passive users, lacking an understanding of the AI principles behind the technology. Through a Project-Based Learning (PjBL) and Active Learning approach with a demo–practice–reflection model, this activity is designed so that students are not only able to use the AI features in Canva, but also understand the work concepts, benefits, and ethics of using them. The activity was conducted over two days, involving 30 DKV class XI students. The evaluation of the results showed a significant increase in the aspects of understanding AI concepts (48%), motivation to learn design (35%), and creativity of works (32%). Students also show an increase in learning independence and digital ethical awareness. These results confirm that AI-based learning through Canva is effective in building AI literacy, creativity, and student readiness to face the technology-based creative industry. This activity is recommended to be expanded to teachers and other departments to strengthen digital literacy in the vocational education environment.  

This community service activity aims to introduce and train students in the process of making AromaKara, a natural air freshener made from kitchen spices as a substitute for artificial fragrances containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The method applied in this community service activity is the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method, namely training and direct instruction which was carried out on Thursday, November 20, 2025, at 07.00 WIB at MTsN 1 Palangka Raya City, with a focus on 32 students in grades 8-1. The results of this activity showed an increase in students' understanding of the risks of using synthetic fragrances, the benefits of using natural ingredients, and environmental awareness. Students were also able to make Aromakara products independently and showed high interest during the activity. This training played a role in strengthening students' environmental literacy, scientific literacy, and entrepreneurial interests. Overall, this community service activity demonstrated the effectiveness of experiential learning in the MBKM program and the potential for sustainable development within the school environment.

This research examines the analysis of Return on Equity (ROE), Quick Ratio (QR), and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) on corporate valuation, as assessed by Price-to-Book Value (PBV), within technology firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period from 2022 to 2024. The primary aim of this investigation is to ascertain the effects of profitability, liquidity, and leverage both in isolation and in conjunction on market valuation in an industry characterized by innovation and intangible assets. This research employs panel data regression analysis utilizing EViews 13 as the quantitative methodology. The findings reveal that ROE significantly enhances PBV, indicating that investors place considerable importance on firms that are capable of generating substantial returns on equity for shareholders. Conversely, QR and DER appear to have no discernible impact on PBV. This observation can be attributed to the unique nature of technology companies, wherein investors prioritize factors other than short-term liquidity and leverage. Nonetheless, when assessed collectively, the three metrics illuminate the variations in corporate value. These results suggest that while financial stability indices exert a positive yet comparatively subdued effect on investor sentiment within the technology sector, profitability remains a paramount determinant. The study elucidates the financial determinants that influence corporate value in innovation-driven industries, providing valuable insights for managers and investors alike.

Human resource development is the process of preparing individuals to take on higher or different responsibilities within an organization, including enhancing intellectual abilities to support efficient task performance. This study aims to determine the extent to which human resource development contributes to improved employee performance at the East Lombok Regency Health Office. The qualitative, descriptive approach involved eight informants, consisting of officials familiar with the implementation of human resource development and staff who had participated in the program. The results indicate that education and training conducted by the East Lombok Regency Health Office have supported improved employee performance, as evidenced by more structured task implementation, public health monitoring surveys, and a decrease in maternal and infant mortality rates. However, in terms of human resource management, there are still shortcomings, with an average of 28 health workers per health facility, both civil servants and non-civil servants, reflecting an imbalance in workforce needs. Furthermore, the implementation of human resource development is supported by leadership commitment, inter-agency collaboration, and budget support from the provincial and central governments. However, it is hampered by limited qualified personnel, frequent policy changes, and the impact of natural disasters.

The rolling process is a material forming method that is greatly influenced by the roll rotation speed parameter. Inappropriate rotation variations can cause various defects such as waves, tears, thickness irregularities, and ovalization. This review aims to compare the effect of variations in the roll machine rotation speed on the quality of rolling results on various types of materials, including Al6061-O aluminum plate, rubber sheets, and hollow and pipe-shaped materials. The method used is a literature study by collecting and comparing data on roll speed, defects that appear, deformation results, and process efficiency from several relevant journals. The results of the analysis show that high rotation speeds increase productivity but also increase the risk of defects because the material does not have time to adapt to deformation. Conversely, low rotation speeds produce more stable shapes and minimize defects, but are less efficient for mass production. Each material has a different optimal rotation range, including 23–36 rpm for Al6061-O plate, 45–72 rpm for rubber sheet formation, 24.4 rpm for hollow and pipe rolling, and around 21 rpm for corrugated plate. Overall, this study confirms that rotational speed control is a critical factor in achieving a balance between deformation quality and machining efficiency.

This research is motivated by the diversity of students found in Islamic boarding schools. Islamic boarding schools are an appropriate base for instilling religious and cultural values ​​in students. Therefore, differences in race, ethnicity, customs, social class, and culture are not addressed with exclusive and fanatical attitudes to prevent conflict. The purpose of this research is to provide multicultural education management training in Islamic boarding schools as an educational alternative that can be applied to address the problems faced by students and the current multicultural society, so that each student can live side by side despite differences in harmony and peace in accordance with religious and cultural values. The research method used is qualitative with the PAR (Participatory Action Research) model. For data collection, in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation were used. The results of this study are that multicultural education management training is a preventive effort to address various problems and becomes a real solution to existing problems in Islamic boarding schools related to the religious and cultural values ​​of students. In addition to being an alternative means of solving problems, multicultural education management training is also a means of fostering students so that they do not lose their cultural roots in accordance with religious values. Thus, the implementation of multicultural education management training can be said to be successful if it can produce students who have a tolerant attitude, are not hostile, and do not conflict caused by differences in culture, ethnicity, customs, social class, abilities, and others.

The implementation of the Independent Community Service Program (KKN) of the University of Muhammadiyah North Sumatra in 2025 was placed at SD Negeri 102028 Sei Parit, located in Sei Rampah District, Serdang Bedagai Regency. This activity aims to instill the habit of saving from an early age in elementary school students as an effort to improve Islamic financial literacy in order to form a character of thrift, responsibility, and financial intelligence. The method used is an interactive learning approach through educational stories, games, learning videos, and mini banking simulations. The results of the activity show that students have a better understanding of the importance of saving, managing pocket money, are able to explain the benefits of saving in their own words, and are encouraged to start saving habits, both at home and at school. Early savings education has proven effective in fostering awareness of wise and future-oriented money management and is expected to become an applicable model for Islamic financial literacy learning at the elementary school level.

This community service activity aims to enhance digital literacy and digital entrepreneurship skills among teachers and students (santri) at Pondok Pesantren Al Ittihad Darunnajah. The main issue faced by the partner institution is the low level of understanding in utilizing digital technology as a medium for business development. Using a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach, the program was carried out through stages of observation, planning, training, and evaluation, employing lectures, discussions, and hands-on practice with digital platforms. The results show a significant improvement in participants’ understanding of digital entrepreneurship, online marketing, and technology-based business management. Participants were able to apply basic skills such as creating e-commerce accounts, promoting products, and managing simple financial records. Overall, this program successfully fostered student independence and economic empowerment through the utilization of digital technology and strengthened the role of the pesantren as a center for modern entrepreneurial development.

The focus and objective of the community service program is to empower teachers at MIN 8 Nganjuk and its surrounding areas to maximize their scientific writing. While scientific writing in the form of PTK is an administrative obligation, it also provides a positive contribution to improving learning. The Asset-Based Community-Driven Development (ABCD) method prioritizes the utilization of existing assets and potential. The ABCD steps include Discovery (discovering potential), Dream (shared dreams), Design (program design), Define (determining concrete steps), and Destiny (determining goals and implementation). The results of the mentoring program indicate that the teachers have a good foundation in writing scientific papers. However, they are still hampered by busy administrative routines. The training aims to stimulate writing enthusiasm and bridge the realization of book chapters among teachers. This mentoring is expected to have a positive impact on improving the quality of teachers' scientific work and improving the learning process at school. In addition, this program also aims to build a sustainable writing culture among educators.

This research compares legal entity licensing systems in Indonesia and other ASEAN member states in response to the growing need for regulatory harmonization and improved ease of doing business within the region, particularly after ASEAN economic integration accelerated cross border investment activities. Differences in administrative requirements, processing duration, and the level of digitalization among countries often create barriers for business expansion, making a comparative assessment essential to understand Indonesia’s current position and identify potential improvements. The main objective of this study is to analyze the characteristics of Indonesia’s legal entity licensing system by comparing it with ASEAN countries that have adopted more advanced administrative reforms, while also evaluating how regional best practices can inform national policy development. The study applies a qualitative method using a descriptive comparative approach, focusing on regulatory frameworks, institutional arrangements, levels of digital integration, and indicators related to ease of doing business. The results show that although Indonesia has introduced electronic licensing systems, several challenges remain, including uneven implementation, overlapping institutional authority, and variations in service quality across regions. In contrast, countries such as Singapore and Malaysia have established licensing systems that are more integrated, transparent, and oriented toward user needs, resulting in greater legal certainty for investors. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening regulatory alignment, improving digital system integration, and enhancing institutional capacity so that Indonesia can reach efficiency levels comparable to its regional counterparts and contribute to a more competitive and sustainable ASEAN business environment.

The quality of education is a crucial issue that continues to receive attention in facing the challenges of globalization, digitalization, and the demands of 21st century competencies. Quality improvement efforts are not only related to the quality of students' learning outcomes, but also concern the role of leadership, management effectiveness, and the implementation of a quality assurance system. This study aims to identify strategies to improve the quality of education that have been studied in the literature for the last five years (2020-2025) and answer two research questions, namely: (1) what quality strategies are predominantly discussed in the literature, and (2) how the role of leadership, strategy management, and quality assurance in supporting the quality of education. The method used is literature review with a qualitative approach. Data was obtained from Google Scholar and Publish or Perish (PoP) databases using the keyword "quality strategy" with a publication year limit of 2020–2025. The search yielded 30 articles, which then through a screening and selection process obtained 5 relevant articles for analysis. The results of the analysis show three main trends: (1) the strategic role of school principals in building a quality culture, (2) the importance of evaluation and implementation of quality management in a sustainable manner, and (3) the synergy of visionary leadership with the quality assurance system  as the basis for sustainable quality. This study concludes that the education quality strategy requires the integration of these three aspects. Going forward, further research is needed to develop integrative models across approaches and broader educational contexts.

This research examines the implementation of green building principles in the design of the Multipurpose Building at SMP–SMA Islam Hidayatullah Semarang, focusing on energy-efficient strategies and spatial comfort based on the GREENSHIP GBCI certification criteria. The study employs a qualitative descriptive method through interviews with the architect, analysis of architectural drawings, interpretation of interior design visualizations produced by Falana Studio, and literature review on sustainable building design. The findings indicate that the building consistently applies passive design strategies, including the optimization of natural lighting through large openings and a central void, the application of cross-ventilation on each floor, and the integration of façade vegetation that reduces surface temperature and improves microclimate performance. Material selection such as GRC panels, HPL, and modular plywood supports long-term durability, while the interior design demonstrates strong visual comfort and ergonomic quality through indirect lighting, neutral color schemes, and activity-based furniture layout. According to the GREENSHIP assessment categories, the building fulfills Energy Efficiency and Conservation (EEC), Indoor Health and Comfort (IHC), Material Resources and Cycle (MRC), and Appropriate Site Development (ASD) criteria. In conclusion, the Multipurpose Building successfully integrates green building principles as an effective approach to energy efficiency and the enhancement of the educational environment.

Relational databases store information in interconnected tables and are widely used for data management and retrieval. However, in certain environments, the original values stored in a relational database cannot be exposed during data retrieval. This limitation creates a challenge because common encryption methods only transform data for storage and do not support mathematical operations needed for value matching. Partially Homomorphic Encryption is a cryptographic approach that allows specific mathematical operations to be performed directly on transformed data without restoring it to its original form. This study proposes the use of Partially Homomorphic Encryption to enable value-based data retrieval while keeping all stored values in their transformed form throughout the entire process. The method relies on homomorphic properties that allow mathematical comparison to be conducted on encrypted data, making the retrieval process possible without revealing the original values. The results show that this approach can perform data retrieval operations in a relational database while preserving the transformed structure of the stored data. The proposed method offers an alternative for environments that require data retrieval without exposing original values and demonstrates the potential of homomorphic techniques in supporting secure and functional data processing in relational database contexts.