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Street-level bureaucracy refers to the role of frontline bureaucrats who directly engage with the public in the implementation of public policies, including stunting management. In Sidoarjo Regency, stunting remains a critical public health issue with long-term implications for human capital development, despite the government’s continuous efforts to reduce its prevalence. Actors such as posyandu cadres, health center personnel, and officials from the District Health Office serve as the front line in detecting stunting cases, delivering nutritional counseling, monitoring child growth, and connecting communities with essential health services. However, the effectiveness of these roles is often constrained by limited resources, excessive workloads, lack of adequate training, and insufficient incentives that do not reflect the complexity of their responsibilities. Furthermore, policy implementation is frequently hindered by weak inter-sectoral coordination, low community engagement, and the gap between administrative guidelines and the realities faced in the field. The discretionary power held by these street-level bureaucrats becomes both a strength and a challenge—allowing for flexible adaptation to local needs while raising concerns about accountability and service consistency. Addressing stunting effectively at the local level requires strategic capacity-building for implementers through continuous training, fair compensation, and strengthened collaboration among governmental actors and other stakeholders. These efforts must be integrated, holistic, and sustainable in order to truly tackle the root causes of stunting and generate meaningful improvements in public health outcomes.

This study investigates the influence of Provincial Minimum Wage (PMW), Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR), and Population Growth Rate (PGR) on Employment Opportunities (EO) across 20 most populous provinces in Indonesia from 2017 to 2024. Using a quantitative approach and panel data sourced from the Central Statistics Agency, the analysis applies the Fixed Effect Model selected through Chow and Hausman tests. The Outcomes indicate that PMW has a significant negative effect on EO, implying that wage increases without corresponding productivity growth can reduce job absorption. Conversely, LFPR has a significant positive effect, reflecting that a higher labor force engagement boosts employment. PGR has a negative but statistically insignificant effect. The F-test confirms that all three variables jointly influence EO. These results highlight the need to harmonize wage regulations, human capital development (HDI), and population planning to support inclusive and sustainable employment in regions experiencing high demographic pressures.

Economic distribution is one of the important topics in Islamic economics because it is related to the equality and welfare of the community. This article discusses distribution instruments from the point of view of capitalist and Islamic economics. Capitalism popularized by Adam Smith emphasized individual freedom in asset ownership, but it often led to inequality and poverty. In contrast, Islamic economics emphasizes justice and the equitable distribution of wealth according to religious principles. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a literature review. This research reaches the conclusion that an Islamic economic system should be established, which emphasizes the value of justice in property as well as human freedoms and actions in accordance with religious teachings.

Study This analyze the role of Waqf Bank Micro (BWM) in increase performance of MSMEs in Surabaya, with capitalization as variable mediation . Focus main covers access financing , human resource development, and literacy finance, using approach quantitative through survey against 90 MSME actors fostered by BWM Al- Fithrah Wava Mandiri . Analysis using SEM with SmartPLS 4.0 shows that third variable influential significant to performance of MSMEs, both in a way direct and through capitalization . Capitalization become the most dominant mediator ( coefficient 0.581; p-value 0.000). Findings This confirm role BWM doubles as institution financing and empowerment . In theoretical , results This support theory Resource-Based View (RBV) and its importance financing accompanied by strengthening capacity business in a way holistic.

Entrepreneurship try to reach welfare economy of citizen constitute a responsibility of church's institution in creating a better life. Covid 19 Pandemic has given impact in economic bussiness where the strategy used by UMKM actors in agrobussiness to increase and mantain their income. The success of UMKM can bring Economic Improvement. Reseach method is qualitative descriptive with research instruments such as indepth interview, observation, and documentation. the result of shows (a) a couple of obstacles such as nature obstacle, human obstacle, and economic obstacle (capital). the word of the Lord regarding entrepreneurship i.e about trust to the blessing source, about running the daily bussiness, about sugestion to do online selling, etc. marketing be utilized such as wrapping, online opportunity, announcement utilization, online shop shopee, application whatsapp, (d) process open new branch (e) selling in facebook application (f) joining bazar (g) inspiration from the shepherd with online selling such as facebook, Tiktok, Go Food, Shopee, and grab (h) door to door selling (i) about customer. Solution and testimony divided into: spiritual solution and bodily solution. Testimony: The Lord bless with house and blessing for the children of the Lord; blessing buying rice with uncoincidently found in the street. The Lord bless therefore still able to harvest, be multiplied in harvest's result and the Lord send the buyers.

This study aims to analyze the influence of infrastructure and the quality of human resources (HR) on economic competitiveness in Central Java Province. In the era of globalization, competitiveness is an important indicator of regional progress. Infrastructure such as transportation, electricity, and digital connectivity support economic efficiency, while quality human resources increase productivity and innovation. Despite their importance, development imbalances remain a challenge in Central Java. This study uses panel data from BPS and is analyzed using the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) method based on Chow and Hausman tests. The results show that together, infrastructure and human capital have a significant effect on economic competitiveness. However, separately, both have a negative and insignificant influence, with regression coefficients of -0.000195 for infrastructure and -0.0176 for human capital. The Adjusted R-squared value of 0.3149 indicates that 31.49% of the variation in competitiveness is explained by these two variables. This finding is important for determining the direction of future regional development policies.

Cooperatives have a strategic role in improving people's welfare, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. As one of the pillars of the national economy, cooperatives function as a forum for community cooperation in meeting economic needs in a fair and sustainable manner. This study aims to analyze the role of cooperatives in improving people's welfare through a library research approach. The method used in this study is a descriptive method with deductive data analysis techniques, where data is obtained from various sources such as books, journals, and laws and regulations related to cooperatives. The results of the study show that cooperatives contribute to community economic empowerment by providing more inclusive access to capital, creating jobs, and improving social welfare through education and health programs. With the principle of mutual cooperation and democratic management, cooperatives can be a solution in creating a more independent and prosperous people's economy. Therefore, consistent regulatory support and increased human resource capacity are needed so that cooperatives can function optimally in community economic development.

Under Law No. 1 of 2023 or the New Criminal Code, capital punishment is regulated as a punishment that involves the deprivation of the defendant's life for serious crimes committed, with its implementation following the procedural rules for capital punishment in Indonesia. The provisions outlined in Article 67 of the New Criminal Code specify the application of capital punishment in Indonesia, stating that it is no longer the primary punishment but rather the last resort after a ten-year probationary period. This study uses a normative legal method with legal sources such as primary legal materials, namely laws regulating capital punishment, as well as secondary legal materials, which explain and clarify the primary laws. The debate on capital punishment involves two main schools of thought, namely those who support the application of capital punishment for serious crimes and those who reject the application of capital punishment due to the human rights perspective adopted by the Indonesian state.  Criticism of the death penalty includes issues of the right to life and the legal treatment that should be given by the government to defendants for extraordinary crimes, especially in cases of corruption, premeditated murder, and narcotics. In this study, it was found that (1) the optimal form of regulation of the death penalty for extraordinary crimes has actually been implemented quite well, but the execution of the death penalty is still considered weak by the author because the execution must be preceded by a waiting period of several years in prison for the condemned prisoner (2) that the death penalty is not contrary to human rights, whether viewed from a legal, religious, or international perspective. (3) The new Criminal Code can balance the retributive and rehabilitative aspects as the ideal concept for the implementation of the death penalty. However, in some provisions, it is hoped that the death penalty can be used as a Premium Remedium in certain cases.

In this study, a women's empowerment program for fisherwomen in Domas Village, Serang Regency, was used to investigate the impact of village fund management on improving the welfare of coastal communities. This research stems from an awareness of the importance of villages in realizing sustainable development that relies on local potential, especially in vulnerable and marginalized coastal areas. To improve community welfare, including that of women who have been less involved in village development processes, effective, efficient, transparent, and accountable management of village funds is crucial. The research method employed was qualitative, with data collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentary studies. The research results show that the management of village funds in Domas Village has brought many benefits, such as the establishment of BUMDes shrimp farms and catering services, which can create jobs and increase local revenue. However, women's participation in village programs is still limited to certain industries such as beauty services and seafood processing. To achieve optimal women's empowerment, key barriers include limited human resources, limited access to capital, and the lack of integration of women's SMEs into the village funding structure. The results indicate that an inclusive and locally-driven approach to village fund management can enhance community well-being more equitably and drive sustainable socio-economic transformation.

As one of the banking service providers in Indonesia, PT ABC employs more than 30,000 employees nationwide. As one of the largest banking institutions in the country, PT ABC encounters various challenges, particularly in the area of human resources. The increasing trend of employees leaving the company has led to a higher turnover intention rate at PT ABC compared to its competitors. This elevated intention to resign has become a critical concern for the company, as it directly impacts workplace stability and overall productivity. As a result, retaining employees has become a continuous challenge for the organization. This study aims to examine the influence of career advancement and compensation on employee turnover intention at PT ABC Area XYZ. In this research, career advancement and compensation are considered two key factors that affect employee loyalty. The research adopts a quantitative method with a descriptive approach. The sample consisted of 150 permanent employees of PT ABC Area XYZ, and data were collected using a questionnaire distributed via Google Forms. The data analysis techniques applied in this study include descriptive statistical analysis and the Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) method, using SmartPLS Version 4 software. The findings reveal that career advancement has a negative but statistically insignificant effect on turnover intention, whereas compensation has a significantly negative effect on turnover intention. This research is expected to provide valuable input, particularly for the Human Capital Management department, in developing strategies to retain employees and reduce turnover intention within the company.

Economic development in today's world has grown rapidly, leading to numerous changes in human life. By investing in the capital market, it becomes one of the alternatives for financing the community's economy and is easily accessible to the public. One of them is to invest in bond securities in issuer companies. However, by purchasing bonds in the capital market with the issuer company, in addition to providing benefits through interest rates, there are risks, including if the issuer company goes bankrupt. Under these conditions, the holder of the unsecured bond will be positioned as a concurrent creditor, whose repayment is made after the separatist and preferred creditor. Although not guaranteed collateral, bondholders still obtain legal guarantees of their rights through information disclosure, the role of trustees, and arrangements within the applicable legal framework.

As an archipelagic nation with the fourth largest population in the world, Indonesia faces challenges in employment opportunities due to the imbalance between population growth and job availability. Consequently, both central and regional governments are now focusing on the development of the informal sector, which contributes significantly to the economy and employment creation. In the era of the digital economy, this sector benefits from technological advancements. However, informal entrepreneurs continue to face obstacles such as limited access to technology, human resources, and capital. This study aims to examine the influence of education, capital, and information technology on the income of informal sector actors who utilize e-commerce in Denpasar City, both simultaneously and partially. The data used in this study consists of both primary and secondary sources, collected through interviews with 100 respondents selected using purposive sampling. The analytical methods employed include descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The results show that the variables of education, capital, and information technology simultaneously have a significant influence on the income of the informal sector. Partially, each of these variables also exerts a positive and significant influence on income. Based on these findings, it is recommended to increase attention to education and training in digital technology utilization, as well as improve access to capital for informal entrepreneurs. These efforts can enhance sales performance, expand market reach, and consequently increase income.

This study aims to analyze the impact of general allocation funds, agglomeration, and human development index on regional inequality in Eastern Indonesia during the period 2019–2023. Regional inequality remains a crucial issue in Indonesia's development agenda, especially in the eastern region, which has experienced slower growth and uneven provision of public services. This study uses panel data regression analysis with secondary data. The results indicate that general allocation funds and the human development index have a significant negative impact on regional inequality, suggesting that increased fund transfers and improvements in human development can reduce inequality. Conversely, agglomeration has a significant positive impact, suggesting that economic concentration can widen disparities between regions. These findings highlight the importance of equitable development policies and investment in human capital to reduce regional disparities.

This Community Service activity aims to increase the capacity of women farmer groups (KWT) in developing human resources (HR) in the agricultural sector. KWT plays a crucial role as agents of change in improving food security and family welfare. However, limited knowledge, managerial skills, and access to technology are often major obstacles. The research method used was a qualitative approach with a case study technique. Data were collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with KWT members. The results showed that capacity building can be achieved through several strategies, including: 1) Continuous training on innovative cultivation techniques, financial management, and agricultural product marketing; 2) Intensive mentoring by agricultural extension workers in implementing new practices; and 3) Facilitating access to resources such as capital, market information, and appropriate technology. This capacity building not only increases agricultural productivity but also strengthens women's economic independence, self-confidence, and strategic roles in decision-making at the community level. Thus, strengthening KWT in human resource development is an important investment to realize a more sustainable and gender-equitable agriculture. Furthermore, this community service activity highlights the importance of community participation in maintaining the program's sustainability. Active participation by KWT members in every stage of the program, from planning to evaluation, is crucial to ensuring that the program is tailored to local needs and conditions. Through collaboration between KWT, agricultural extension workers, and various other stakeholders, such as microfinance institutions and local governments, it is hoped that an ecosystem will be created that supports the growth and development of an inclusive and sustainable agricultural sector. This program is expected to have a long-term impact, not only on the welfare of KWT members but also on improving food security at the community level.

This study aims to analyze the impact of higher education training on labor market demand in Africa, using a documentation study approach. In an ever-evolving global context, higher education plays an important role in preparing individuals to face the demands of a dynamic labor market. However, in many African countries, there is a gap between the skills provided by higher education institutions and the needs of the labor market. Through documentation studies, this study collects and analyzes secondary data originating from various government reports, international institutions, and previous studies regarding the relationship between higher education and labor demand in Africa. The findings show that although higher education in Africa can improve the quality of human capital, there is a mismatch between the skills taught and the skills required by the industrial sector. This study also identified key challenges, such as a lack of relevant curriculum and limited educational facilities, that impact the effectiveness of training in meeting labor market needs. Therefore, this study recommends curriculum reform that is more adaptive to industry needs and increased collaboration between educational institutions and the private sector to create more relevant and quality training programs

This study aims to analyze the influence of Resource-Based View (RBV) on innovation performance in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) that have expanded internationally, with government information access as a moderation variable. This study uses a quantitative approach with the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method. The object of the research is CV. Delta Raya, an MSME in the furniture sector from Batu City that has successfully penetrated the export market to Japan, South Korea, and Mexico. The results of the study show that human capital investment and political connections have a significant positive effect on innovation performance. Although international experience does not have a direct effect, the effect becomes significant when moderated by government information access. Access to government information also strengthens the influence of political connections on innovation. The implications of this study underscore the importance of collaboration between MSME actors and government institutions in encouraging internal resource-based innovation.

This research is entitled Determinants and Strategies of Enhancing Economic Growth in Jambi City. The objectives of this research are: (1) to analyze the conditions of economic growth, population, infrastructure, Human Development Index (HDI), investment, and capital expenditure in Jambi City; (2) to examine the effects of population, infrastructure, HDI, investment, and capital expenditure on economic growth in Jambi City; and (3) to formulate strategies to enhance economic growth in Jambi City. The results of the study indicate that there is a relationship between the population, infrastructure, HDI, investment, and capital expenditure with economic growth in Jambi City period 2004-2023 with percentage of contribution on 69.12%. Based on multiple linear regression analysis, these variables collectively have a significant and positive effect on economic growth in Jambi City during the 2004–2023 period. Partially, population, HDI, investment, and capital expenditure show a significant and positive influence, while infrastructure has a positive but not significant effect. Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), the recommended strategies for enhancing economic growth in Jambi City include the development of basic infrastructure, facilitation of investment, support for regional leading sectors and UMKM, and human resource development.

Using an econometric approach, this study attempts to assess and quantify how globalisation has affected the economy of developing nations. By boosting cross-border information flows, foreign investment, and international trade, globalisation has become a major force in changing the structure of the world economy. Its consequences on social inequality, wealth distribution, and economic stability are still complicated, particularly for emerging countries. This study examines how the Human Development Index (HDI), a measure of economic welfare, is related to the economic aspects of globalisation, including capital flows, technology, and international monetary policy. Finding correlations between globalisation variables and macroeconomic indicators in developing nations is done quantitatively using econometric methods, and both descriptive and inferential analyses are carried out to give a thorough picture of how globalisation has affected important economic sectors. influence on important economic sectors. According to research, globalisation has two opposing effects: on the one hand, it increases economic growth and efficiency through trade and technical development, while on the other, it makes inequality and reliance on international markets worse. These understandings are essential for creating egalitarian and flexible economic policies that can improve living standards in emerging nations. Additionally, the report suggests national policies to improve domestic sectors and promote sustainable human development in order to lessen the negative consequences of globalisation.

A strong entrepreneurial sector plays a crucial role in a country's economic growth. Entrepreneurship not only contributes to creating jobs, but also increases productivity and encourages innovation. Therefore, it is very strategic to foster interest in entrepreneurship, especially among students and the younger generation. There are several factors that influence interest in entrepreneurship among students, one of these factors is business capital and motivation. The aim of this research is to find out whether there is an influence of business capital and motivation on interest in entrepreneurship among students of the Sharia Economics Study Program at Island Sulthan Thaha Saifuddin University, Jambi. The method used in this research is a quantitative method. The research sample consisted of 96 students using a sampling technique, namely Purposive Sampling. The results of this research show that both variables have a positive and significant effect on interest in entrepreneurship among students in the sharia economics study program. Simultaneously, the business capital and motivation variables have a significant influence on the entrepreneurial interest variable. The R Square value is 0.561 or 56.1%, which means that 56.1% of changes in the dependent variable can be explained by the independent variable, while the remaining 43.9% is influenced by other variables not included in this research. The Adjusted R Square value = 0.551 shows that after adjustment, this model still has good abilities in explaining the dependent variable. Apart from that, the R value = 0.749 shows a strong relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable. The Islamic economic view of entrepreneurship is one of the noble recommendations for humans in working.

SMEs are the backbone of the local economy and require contextualized and adaptive leadership and human capital management strategies. This article aims to describe the indigenous values-based leadership model implemented in Aglaia Shoes Cleaning-a shoe-care SME in Malang City-and how it contributes to strengthening human capital. The service activities were carried out through a participatory and educative approach, including soft skills training, structuring work structures, and preparing simple SOPs based on local cultural values such as mutual cooperation, responsibility, and perseverance. The results of the activities show that a leadership approach that integrates indigenous values can create a more collaborative work environment, increase productivity, and foster loyalty and a sense of ownership in the work team. Strengthening human capital does not only occur through increasing technical capacity, but also through instilling local values and work ethics. This model has the potential to be replicated in other MSMEs with similar characteristics to encourage local culture-based business sustainability.