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This study aims to compare the Aloconal Batak language with the Indonesian Alophone through phonological analysis. The research method used is a comparative descriptive analysis by collecting data from native speakers of Batak and Bahasa Indonesia. Data are collected through interviews and direct observations. Analysis was conducted by comparing alophone-alophone that appeared in both languages, including differences in pronunciation, emphasis, and intonation. The results of the analysis show that there is a significant difference between the Bath and Alophone Bloit alloop in the case of pronunciation and emphasis. This findings indicate that the second phonological system of language has different characteristics. The implications of this study are the importance of understanding the phonological differences between Batak and Indonesian language in the context of the language of the second language or foreign language teaching.

Technology is developing very fast, until now it has entered the digital era. Where UMKM actors are expected to be able to adapt and utilize technology for business progress. However, in reality, many UMKM actors find it difficult to adapt technology, so they still use manual methods which are less effective. Therefore, the purpose of this service is to help the UMKM Batako Business named UD Lancar Rejeki located in Krogowanan Village, Sawangan District, Magelang Regency, so that they can record their business financial transactions digitally using the BukuKas application via Smartphone. In its business processes, financial transactions at UD Lancar Rejeki are still recorded in a simple manner and are not in accordance with a standard structure. The method used in this activity is the direct mentoring method, which starts with providing socialization on the use of the Cash Book application, then direct practice until it is successfully implemented. Activities carried out smoothly and can provide insight and train the skills of partners in implementing digital-based financial reports. After the training activities are completed, partners are able to use the Cash Book application in recording transactions, making financial records and financial reports, and can find out the cost of goods sold and profit and loss

The Mangongkal Holi tradition which is carried out at each event makes the writer interested in researching it because in its implementation there are symbols and behaviors/activities that are interconnected and have their own meaning. What is the importance of the Mangongkal Holi tradition for the Toba Batak people so that this tradition must be carried out. This study uses descriptive analysis with qualitative research, which emphasizes the perspectives, ways of life, tastes or expressions of emotions and beliefs from the people studied regarding the problems studied which are also data. In this study the authors used a descriptive research method with a qualitative method. Therefore, the research subjects were traditional leaders, families who carry out the Mangongkal Holi ceremony, and local residents in North Sumatra. And the object of this research is the symbolic meaning of the Mangongkal Holi ceremony for the Toba Batak people in North Sumatra. Purposive sampling technique used to take informants.

This study aims to study communication in various languages in the social interactions of Theology students at the Theological College in Jakarta. The focus of this research is to explore how students can communicate in various languages, namely Indonesian, English, and regional languages (Javanese, Batak, Banjar, and Sundanese). In addition, this study also aims to identify how students and the community can establish active and comfortable communication in conveying ideas and ideas. Lastly, this research will study the views of the people in Jakarta, especially the people on the outskirts of Jakarta such as the borders of Bekasi, Depok, Tangerang, and Bogor Cities, towards the presence of Christian Theology students in contributing to society. This research method involves collecting data through observation, interviews, and document analysis. The data obtained will be analyzed critically to gain a deep understanding of student's communication skills in various languages, their efforts to build active and comfortable communication, as well as public perceptions of the role and contribution of Christian Theology students in Jakarta. The results of this research are expected to provide valuable insights into the development of Theology education, cross-cultural understanding, and the social contribution of Theology students in society. Through a better understanding of the importance of communication in multiple languages in the social interactions of Theology students, steps can be taken to improve the quality of education, communication skills, and social contributions of future Theology students. In this context, cooperation between educational institutions, the community, and the government in Jakarta is very important to create a conducive environment for the development of theology students' communication skills in various languages and establish harmonious relations between students and the community.

This paper aims to answer the question whether the representations of a number of characters in the animated series Adit dan Sopo Jarwo contain ethnic stereotypes that exist in society. Adit dan Sopo Jarwo animated series depicts a neighborhood in the city of Jakarta by lifting the stories of the daily lives of Indonesian citizens. In it there are many characters with various ethnic backgrounds in Indonesia. Through semiotic analysis, it was revealed that two characters, named Babah Chang and Pak Anas, although in characters are outside the prevailing stereotypes, visually and verbally they still use stereotypes according to the ethnic origin of the two characters.

The Toba Batak tribe has a distinctive fabric known as ulos. Toba Batak ulos have types depending on their uses. But in the modern era, especially among urban communities, very few people know the types and uses. Motivated by the success of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm in image classification, this study will conduct a learning-based approach to classify 5 types of Toba Batak ulos (Ragi Hidup, Ragi Hotang, Mangiring, Sadum, and Sibolang). The process starts from data collection, data analysis, model building, model training, and confusion matrix. The dataset used is 1000 images with 80% training data, 10% valid data, and 10% test data. Convolution, maxpooling, dropout, flatten, and fully connected are the 5 layers forming the CNN model. The optimizer used is Adam with a learning rate of 0.001. The model generated in this study can detect Toba Batak ulos images at an accuracy rate of 94.00%.    

Problems of learning often happen, especially when implementing it in class. The problem in spesific is lack of learning time for practical material in arts and culture-based subjects. This makes the skills that students have cannot be identified and perceived well by the teachers. Students are required to be able to understand theoretical material and practice their abilities as psychomotor values ​​within 3 hours of lessons. The amount of time was too short to sharpen their skills. So video media-based group vocals are a solution that is able to overcome obstacles that occur in the learning process during the co-19 pandemic. This research was conducted using the experimental method type One – Shoot Case Study) in class IX SMP, the test results were analyzed by the t-test and the percentage illustrated in the form of a pie chart. The process of compiling these learning media is able to help students understand the material provided, re-study the material while at home, and sharpen their skills with their colleagues. The material was prepared by involving the local cultures of Aceh for students of Javanese, Batak and Chinese ethnicity via online, it proves that students are more creative and innovative, not only able to sing in a vocal group but also dance and performing theater talents in one group task as well, so that the covid-19 pandemic 19 does not hinder students’ learning process.

Budaya adalah suatu hal yang melekat pada diri manusia, manusa tidak dapat telepas dari sejarah karena manusia adalah penggerak dari kebudayaan. diindonesia memiliki ragam budaya yang tersebar di wilayah nya masing masing, salah satunya adalah wilayah provinsi sumatera utara khususnya kota medan memiliki beragam suku dan kebuayaan sehingga kota medan dijuluki sebagai kota multi etnis, ada banyak suku yang dianut oleh nasyarakat yang berada di sumatera utara, namun yang menjadi mayoritas nya adalah suku batak, namun sebelum datangnya modrenisasi suku melayu adalah suku asli dan mayoritas disumatera utara khususnya kota medan namun dengan adanya modrenisasi dan perkembangan budaya suku melayu mulai tersingkirkan hingga sampai saat ini ada banyak 7 hal unsur kebudayaan yang ada mulai dari bahasa, sistem teknologi, agama sistem organisasi, mata pencaharian, ilmu pengetahuan, religi dan kesenin seiring berkembangnya zaman. Dengan adanya modrenisasi memembuat kota medan menjadi kota yang multi etnis atau memiliki banyak kebudayaan, kebudayaan yang menjadi mayoritas dikota medan adalah etnis rumpun melayu yang memiliki banyak kebudayaan. Perubahan akibat dari modrenisasi ini dapat dilihat dri beberapa aspek yaitu aspek Pendidikan, tempat tinggal, pemerintaham dan gaya hidup. Ada beberapa factor yang mempengaruhi terjadinya modrenisasi yaitu karena keberhasilan perusahaan perkebunan, adanya perjanjian politik dan karena adanya pembangunan kota medan. Perkembangan kota medan juga memiliki periode atau pembabakan waktu yaitu yang pertama periode sebelum datangnya bangsa eropa, periode kolonialisme bangsa eropa, periode penduduka jepang, dan periode kemerdekaan republic indonesia  

This study aims to analyze the use of language in the film Ngeri-Ngeri Sedap by Bene Dion. This study focuses on the analysis of code switching and code mixing contained in the film. The film that is raised in this study has a background in Batak culture with a typical Batak dialect because this film was produced in an area that is still thick with Batak culture, namely the area on the outskirts of Lake Toba. Apart from the Batak and Indonesian languages, this film also features several other languages, namely Javanese and Sundanese. Language is a tool for learning and thinking, every activity carried out by humans generally requires language in the process of carrying out daily activities. Language is often influenced by the situation, background and people we talk to. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. The data and data sources collected are in the form of words. The data collection technique in this study is the observation and note taking technique. The listening technique in this study was carried out by listening to the speeches of the characters in the dialogues in the film. The results of this study are 5 conversational sentences containing code switching elements and 16 sentences containing code mixing elements.

This study aims to determine the intensity of the use of Indonesian and how much influence the intensity of the use of Indonesian has on the local community, namely West Java. Some of the influences or impacts of using Indonesian on regional languages (Sundanese/West Java). The positive impact is: the Indonesian language has a lot of vocabulary, as the cultural wealth of the Indonesian people, as an identity and characteristic of a tribe and region, and creates intimacy in communication. There are so many regional languages from each region, one with another, for example, for the West Java region, Sundanese has Sundanese as the regional language, while Medan has Batak language as the regional language. This regional language can distinguish one region from another. The regional language for its speakers has been ingrained because it is used every day. With the existence of regional languages, the Indonesian people are bilingual (bilingual) people who master more than one language, namely regional languages, Indonesian, and foreign languages.

Kepercayaan atau Keyakinan Terhadap Tuhan Yang Maha Esa yang sudah dimiliki oleh suku Batak Toba ini sudah mereka yakini sejak dahulu kala jauh sebelum agama asing memasuki nusantara Indonesia. Kepercyaa atau keyakinan tersebut adalah Ugamo Malim. Kepercayaan Ugamo Malim merupakan Kepercayaan Terhadap Tuhan Yang Maha Esa melalui persembahan suci dan yang mempersembahkan juga harus bersih dan suci yang juga merupakan perwujudan sila pertama Pancasila, dan diatur dalam Undang Undang Dasar 1945. Ugamo Malin memiliki ajaran dan tuntunan yang sesuai dengan Pancasila. Penganut kepercayaan Ugamo Malim terus berkurang jumlahnya, namun masyarakat adat Batak Toba terus melestarikan budaya leluhur ini.

This study reveals how the relationship between the establishment of the monument and the traditional belief system of the Toba Batak people who still believe in the existence of the spirits of their ancestors. The actualization of this belief is manifested in the construction of an ancestral monument which is considered an embodiment of respect for the descendants of the clan that founded it. To reveal these data, in this study the authors used qualitative research. The data in the field were obtained through participatory observation techniques, interviews, and literature studies. The purpose of this study was to reveal the background of the establishment of monuments in clan groups in Balige District, Toba Samosir Regency which represents the function and meaning of the erection of clan monuments in Balige District. Toba Samosir Regency also describes the organization and implementation of the case for the establishment of the Siraja Nababat, Manurung, Nommensen, Siagian, Sonakmalela and Sisimangaraja XII monuments in and analyzes the conception of the construction of the monument in the Toba Batak community. based on the conception of traditional beliefs that believe in the existence of their ancestral spirits in people's lives. The worship of ancestral spirits is manifested in the construction of monuments. This research was conducted in the Tourism Area in the City of Balige and Porsea – North Sumatra. The aims of this study include: (1) As a deeper learning material about the reasons why Batak Culture built the Tugu, and (2) To explore and promote the richness of culture, tradition, history in the Batak tribe. The results showed that (1) all visitors who came were very enthusiastic about the history of the construction of each existing monument, (2) the role of both local and foreign tourists had a positive impact on the community, namely the development of local community knowledge systems, the emergence of new livelihoods, getting to know language diversity, technological progress, the formation of social organizations, the emergence of the commercialization of hospitality, the shift in the value of solidarity in agriculture. Cultural tourism is a travel activity carried out by certain parties (a person or group of people) by visiting certain places with the aim of learning about cultural attractions or taking advantage of the cultural potential of the places visited.

Multiliteracy learning in recent years has become very interesting because by studying two or more literacy materials we can see how they relate to other literacy materials. Especially when it comes to learning literature and language, the film Nommensen in Batak land is a theatrical film that has been accommodated and shown especially for the Batak community in North Sumatra and outside the Tapanuli area. The film is usually only made in memory of Nommensen. However, in this study, the film will be studied so that it can produce a multiliterate assessment contained in the film. The results of this study indicate that complete multiliteracy learning can be learned even in certain drama or cultural context films.