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Learning media is everything that is used to convey all information in the learning process. This research aims: (1) to determine the feasibility of flipbook-based e-handout learning media on the material for making various seam allowances (2) to determine the learning outcomes of students using flipbook-based e-handout learning media on the material for making various seam allowances. The type of research uses the ADDIE development model. The data collection instruments used in this research are: validation sheet which includes media experts, material experts, language experts, and student learning outcomes. The results the research carried out show that: 1) The development of flipbook-based e-handout learning media on the material of making various kinds of seam allowances was declared very suitable for us in learning with the results of feasibility validation carried out by 2 media expert validators, 2 material expert validators, and 2 linguist expert validators obtained overall feasibility results with an average score of 4.34 in the “Very Eligible” category. 2) The learning outcomes of students using flipbook-based e-handout learning media on the material of making various seam allowances obtained classical learning completeness of 88%.  

This research focuses on the development of digital learning media based on I Spring Suite 11 to assess: 10 t he feasibility of the digital learning media based on I Spring Suite 11; 2) the improvement of student interest in learning Economics at SMA Negeri 11 Malinau; and 3) the improvement of student learning outcomes in Economics at SMA Negeri 11 Malinau.The research method used is research and development (R&D) through the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) model with quasi-experimental analysis. The subjects of the research were 10 students from grade X at SMA Negeri 11 Malinau. The instruments used in this study were questionnaires given to media experts, material experts, and teaching practitioners (Economics teachers) to validate the questionnaire instruments and student responses to the digital learning media using the same questionnaires and pretest-posttest learning outcome tests.The research findings are as follows: 1) The feasibility of the I Spring Suite 11-based digital learning media was evaluated by material experts with a score of 78%, categorized as "Feasible"; by media experts with a score of 80%, categorized as "Feasible"; and by teaching practitioners with a score of 85%, categorized as "Highly Feasible." The analysis of the scores showed that the material and media experts' evaluations fell within the "feasible" range (38 ≤ 2)There was a 50.86% increase in student interest in learning, with a pretest average score of 58 and a posttest average score of 91, which meets the product's effectiveness criteria. Based on the pretest-posttest analysis of student interest, the N-gain test resulted in a score of 0.5, which is categorized as "moderate" and falls into the "Good" category. The analysis of the ideal mean score (Mi) showed a value of 50 ≤ X, which means the I Spring Suite 11-based digital learning media is effective for use in the Economics subject. 3)There was a 46.8% improvement in student learning outcomes, with a pretest average score of 54 and a posttest average score of 85 after using the I Spring Suite 11-based digital learning media. Based on the pretest-posttest analysis, the N-gain score was 0.47, which is categorized as "moderate," indicating that the learning media is effective in improving student learning outcomes in Economics.

Education plays a strategic role as a tool for social transformation capable of shaping individual character, addressing social inequality, and driving societal change. In the Indonesian context, character education has become a central issue in building a generation that is faithful, pious, morally upright, and responsible in accordance with the values of Pancasila. Through a holistic approach, character education integrates spiritual, intellectual, emotional, and social aspects to create quality individuals. Furthermore, learning methods that involve role modeling, habituation, and community participation emphasize the importance of collaboration between schools, families, and communities. As an agent of change, education also aims to create a knowledge-based society where science, innovation, and problem-solving serve as key pillars. Through lifelong learning, problem-based learning, and collaborative approaches, education provides space for the development of human potential relevant to global challenges. However, challenges such as educational disparities, curriculum relevance, and teacher capacity remain obstacles that need to be addressed through inclusive policies, continuous training, and improvements in educational infrastructure. By adopting an integrated approach, education can serve as a solid foundation for building a just, inclusive, and adaptive society in response to social changes.

The researching in this thesis was motivated by the existence of problems with student at mtsn 5 pasaman Students realize that in teaching this language students will not be interested in learning Arabic if they do not use an approach or model in their learning, Not all students actively participate in this project-based learning model, Lack of resources such as textbooks and technology in implementing the project-basedlearning model ,Difficulty in time management, because project-based learning requires time for planning, implementation. The research methodology studied by researchers used qualitative methods. The qualitative method is research that attempts to reveal the natural or realistic conditions that exist at that location. Qualitative research not only collects individual variables, but these variables can be linked to other variables. This research, the researcher used a qualitative approach with a descriptive case study type, namely research that describes a social event and certain situations that are described correctly using words. Results show that the challenges of the project-based learning model process: learning Arabic through a project-based model at SMP Islam Negeri 5 Pasaman faces many challenges, including: The diversity of students' basic abilities middle school students have varying knowledge and abilities in Arabic. Difficulty in time management .The time allocated for learning Arabic at SMP Negeri 5 Basaman is generally limited, so it can be a challenge to complete projects that take a long time because project-based learning requires time for planning, implementation and evaluation, Availability of learning resources.

This research was carried out in class V of Islamiyah Private Elementary School with the aim of finding out the influence of the Small Group Learning Model on the Learning Creativity of Class V of Islamiyah Elementary School Students for the 2022-2023 Academic Year. The samples taken in this research were Class V of the Islamiyah Private Elementary School, Class V A as the Control Class and Class V B as the Experimental Class. Test results regarding the influence of the Small Group Learning Model (X) and Student Learning Creativity (Y) in class V of Islamiyah Private Elementary School for the 2022/2023 Academic Year. The influence of using the Small Group Learning Model has been proven from the results of research conducted on Class V students of Islamiyah Elementary School. The 2022/2023 academic year provides positive results. The results showed that the Small Group Learning Model was in the good category, and this result was also followed by student learning creativity being included in the good category with an average score for the experimental class of 82.2. It is known that by calculating the variable X, the average value is 82.2 and the standard deviation is 9.06. And variable Y obtained an average value of 51.67 and a standard deviation of 7.81. From the calculation of the hypothesis price th = 0.06, the significance of the hypothesis coefficient is consulted with the calculated t value table. The t table value with N = 60 at the 5% significance level = 0.245. This turns out to be 0.245 >. 0.06 This proves that the hypothesis is accepted. From the results of hypothesis testing using the product moment correlation formula, it is found that tcount > ttable so that Ha is accepted, Ho is rejected. So there is an influence on student learning creativity using the Small Group Learning Model.

This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) learning model in improving students' understanding of mathematical concepts. The method used in this research is a literature study by analyzing various relevant literature sources. The results of this research show that the RME learning model can improve students' understanding of mathematical concepts by linking learning material to real life situations, increasing student involvement in the learning process, and encouraging students to think critically and creatively. 

Estimating the effort, time, and cost needed to build a software project is an important task in software engineering. Estimating software prior to development can help to reduce risk and improve the project success rate. Researchers have developed numerous traditional and machine learning models to estimate software effort, but it has always been difficult to estimate effort precisely. This paper presents a predictive model based on artificial neural networks namely ANNs to predict the software effort. The NASA dataset is applied to construct the proposed model. The system was trained using 50 data points, and the remaining 10 were used for testing. It was concluded that the ANN approach could estimate the software effort with high accuracy. A comparative study with other published equations was also performed, and it was found that ANN had less error and produced better results than other existing methods.

The Jingling Button Type Cooperative Learning Model is a learning model whose main objective is to achieve equal learning opportunities for each student so that students become more active in the learning process. This research aims to determine the effect of the rattling button type cooperative learning model on student learning outcomes in thermochemical material at SMA Negeri 2 Tenggarong Seberang. The research population was all students of class XI MIPA SMA Negeri 2 Tenggarong Seberang. Sampling used a cluster random sampling technique, so that the research samples were obtained, namely class XI MIPA 2 students and class XI MIPA 3 students. Student learning outcomes were obtained from posttest scores and daily tests. The data analysis techniques used are normality test, homogeneity test and t test. The results of the analysis of the data obtained show that the average learning outcome score for experimental class students is 82.65, which is higher than the average learning outcome score for control class students, which is 72.62. Based on the results of the data analysis that has been carried out, it can be concluded that the application of the rattling button type cooperative learning model has a better influence on student learning outcomes at SMA Negeri 2 Tenggarong Seberang on Thermochemistry material.

This study aims to find out: (1) The effect of the application of the DLDPF model on improving TDBI writing proficiency; (2) Differences between student learning outcomes with the DLDPF model and without DLDPF; and (3) Student obstacles in the application of the DLDPF model. The design of this study is a pseudo-experiment with a non-equivalent comparison group design scheme. The researcher used a nonprobability sampling technique in the form of total sampling. The instruments used in this study are tests and questionnaires. The test instrument is in the form of an essay test with four aspects of assessment criteria (content, organization, grammar, and vocabulary). There are also document study instruments and semi-open questionnaires with the Likert Scale. The results of the study revealed the following findings. First, the results of the paired sample test showed a sig. (2-tailed) of 0.00 < 0.05 which means that there is a significant influence of the application of the DLDPF model on the improvement of TDBI writing proficiency. Second, the results of the independent sample t-test showed a sig. (2-tailed) of 0.00 < 0.05 which means that the application of the DLDPF model has a significant impact on improving TDBI writing proficiency. In addition, the experimental class has an N-gain score of 0.59 which means it has a moderate level of improvement. The control class has an N-gain score of 0.24 which means it has a low level of improvement. In other words, it shows that there is a difference between student learning outcomes with the DLDPF model and student learning outcomes with no DLDPF model. And third, respondents showed few obstacles in the application of the DLDPF model, including: (1) Most of the respondents (70.53%) did not experience linguistic barriers; and (2) Most respondents (70%) did not experience nonlinguistic barriers.

This study aims to find out: (1) The effect of the application of the DLDPF model on improving TDBI writing proficiency; (2) Differences between student learning outcomes with the DLDPF model and without DLDPF; and (3) Student obstacles in the application of the DLDPF model. The design of this study is a pseudo-experiment with a non-equivalent comparison group design scheme. The researcher used a nonprobability sampling technique in the form of total sampling. The instruments used in this study are tests and questionnaires. The test instrument is in the form of an essay test with four aspects of assessment criteria (content, organization, grammar, and vocabulary). There are also document study instruments and semi-open questionnaires with the Likert Scale. The results of the study revealed the following findings. First, the results of the paired sample test showed a sig. (2-tailed) of 0.00 < 0.05 which means that there is a significant influence of the application of the DLDPF model on the improvement of TDBI writing proficiency. Second, the results of the independent sample t-test showed a sig. (2-tailed) of 0.00 < 0.05 which means that the application of the DLDPF model has a significant impact on improving TDBI writing proficiency. In addition, the experimental class has an N-gain score of 0.59 which means it has a moderate level of improvement. The control class has an N-gain score of 0.24 which means it has a low level of improvement. In other words, it shows that there is a difference between student learning outcomes with the DLDPF model and student learning outcomes with no DLDPF model. And third, respondents showed few obstacles in the application of the DLDPF model, including: (1) Most of the respondents (70.53%) did not experience linguistic barriers; and (2) Most respondents (70%) did not experience nonlinguistic barriers.

Digital media such as TikTok has become a significant innovation in teaching expository texts in the digital era. However, many students still struggle to recognize the structure and language features of expository texts, affecting the quality of their writing. This study aims to analyze the implementation of TikTok as a learning media based on Discovery Learning to improve expository writing skills among tenth-grade students of MA Al-Falah Sukabumi. The research employed a pretest-posttest control group design with data collection techniques including tests (pretest and posttest) and non-test methods (questionnaires and observations). The subjects consisted of 36 students break into experimental and control groups. The finding showed a significant improvement in the writing skills of the experimental group. Furthermore, 87% of students reported that TikTok made the learning process more engaging and easier to rcognize. In conclusion, TikTok is an effective innovation for Discovery Learning-based teaching to enhance students' expository writing skills.

Digital media such as TikTok has become a significant innovation in teaching expository texts in the digital era. However, many students still struggle to recognize the structure and language features of expository texts, affecting the quality of their writing. This study aims to analyze the implementation of TikTok as a learning media based on Discovery Learning to improve expository writing skills among tenth-grade students of MA Al-Falah Sukabumi. The research employed a pretest-posttest control group design with data collection techniques including tests (pretest and posttest) and non-test methods (questionnaires and observations). The subjects consisted of 36 students break into experimental and control groups. The finding showed a significant improvement in the writing skills of the experimental group. Furthermore, 87% of students reported that TikTok made the learning process more engaging and easier to rcognize. In conclusion, TikTok is an effective innovation for Discovery Learning-based teaching to enhance students' expository writing skills.

Emergence of Business English as a part of English for Specific Purpose gives another challenge to lecturers in providing learning tools that is accordance to the learning objectives. This phenomenon becomes the basis to the aim of the research, that is to know the implementation of Business English module as a learning tool and to examine its eligibility through the lecturer’s ability and students’ response in using that tool. By involving 4D model, the result of analysis can answer the research aim. Literature review to several Business English lesson plan and need analysis to student university related to the Business English learning makes the arranged material relevant and relate to the students need, especially for facing the business and work activities. Lecturers ability to use the module and the practical knowledge of the use of English in business supports the eligibility of the module as a learning tool of Business English course. Meanwhile, students response is also good because they thought that the material is considerably applicable to their activities. The elegibility among the material, lecturer’s ability and students response leads to a conclusion that Business English module is eligible to be implemented in Business English course.

In the world of education, we learn many important lessons. Despite this, many Indonesians still lack access to quality education, especially in underserved areas. This shows that they need to be made aware of the importance of education. So that students can actively realize their potential, education is an effort that is deliberately created to provide a conducive learning environment. This includes developing spiritual strength, religion, self-control, personality, intelligence, noble character, and abilities that are beneficial to oneself, society, nation and state. This literature study aims to examine the influence of the personality competence of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers on the formation of morals in various senior high schools (SMA) in Indonesia. In the process of instilling morals in students, the teacher's personality competence is very important, considering that teachers are role models that students can emulate and emulate. This research uses a literature review method by analyzing various relevant scientific sources. It is hoped that the results of this discussion will provide an understanding of the influence of PAI teachers' personality competencies on student morals. The PAI teacher's personality competency acts as an internal driver that influences student behavior and morals. By understanding how these competencies influence us, we can gain valuable insight into improving the quality of education at the Senior High School (SMA) level.

This research aims to determine the application of the jigsaw type cooperative learning model to fifth grade students at Hasanuddin Elementary School, Medan Helvetia, in the mathematics subject of integers. This type of research uses PTK (Classroom Action Research). The subjects in this research were all 30 fifth grade students at Hasanuddin Elementary School, consisting of 13 men and 17 women. Meanwhile, the object of this researcher is to improve student learning outcomes in mathematics subjects covering integers. We can observe data on the comprehension abilities of class V students in classes using the Jigsaw model in table 1, then the data is analyzed using the SPSS version 25.0 application. The results of data analysis show that the learning outcomes in class V using the Jigsaw model obtained a class average score of 83.30. The average value of students' mathematical understanding was classified as good, followed by the highest score obtained by class V students at Hasanudin Elementary School was 100. 00 and the lowest value is 63.00. Based on data processing on the mathematical understanding ability of fifth grade students at Hasanuddin Elementary School using the Jigsaw model, it is known that 3 students got scores in the range of 56-70 (medium category) or 10.0% of the entire sample, 14 students got scores in the range. 71-85 (good category) or 46.7% of the entire sample, and 13 students got scores in the range of 86-100 (very good category) or 43.3% of the entire sample.

The purpose of this study is to see how the application of the problem-based learning (PBL) model can help students analyze Islamic Religious Education (PAI) lessons at SMK Pesantren Darul Dakwah. PBL is used to teach students to think critically, analytically, and find solutions to religious problems. This study used a qualitative approach with a classroom action research (PTK) design, which was conducted in two cycles. The results showed that PBL can help students analyze PAI materials. This was evident by the observation results which showed better task assessment, and more active and critical student participation in group discussions. This research proposes a wider application of PBL model in Islamic Education learning in SMK to improve students' understanding and analysis skills in the context of religious learning.    

This research aims to develop a fun learning model based on interactive wordwall games on informative text reading material in class V of Bangbayang 2 Elementary School, Cianjur Regency. This type of research is development research (R&D) with the ADDIE model which consists of five steps: analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. The designed media is then validated by the validator using a validation sheet in the form of a questionnaire. Product validation consists of material and media experts. To practice product quality, this is done by filling out teacher and student response questionnaires. Then, the effectiveness test is carried out by giving evaluation questions to students. The results of media research obtained a validity level of 86% from the material aspect in the very valid category, 80% from the media aspect in the valid category. Thus, it can be concluded that the learning media in the form of interactive wordwall media using a fun learning model in Indonesian language learning in class V elementary school is declared practical, effective, and suitable for use in learning.

The goal to be achieved from this study is to Improve Critical and Creative Thinking Skills, as well as Increase Students' Interest in Learning Biology in Class XI A4 SMA Negeri 1 Airmadidi Through the Application of the Synectics, Mind Maps, Cooperative Learning (SM2CL) Learning Model. The problems in this study are low interest in learning students; Students are more likely to be passive when studying; Teachers have never used learning models that can make students think critically and creatively; Learning is more teacher-centered. The research method used is the Classroom Action Research (PTK) method. The results of the research conducted in class XI A4 of SMA Negeri 1 Airmadidi showed that the acquisition of scores in the first cycle with a classical completion percentage of 38.88% increased to 66.66% in the second cycle. Although the classical completeness did not reach 75%, individually. Namely, 24 out of 36 students got a satisfactory score above the KKM, the highest score of 95, and the lowest score of 85 in cycle II. The score obtained from the learning interest questionnaire in the first cycle was at the percentage of 68% to 70% in the second cycle, and both were in a good category. Then, subject teachers and the school need to consider and evaluate some things, namely, the character of 12 students who did not want to do assignments at all from cycle I to cycle II.

This study aims to develop a Learning Management System (LMS) for kepalangmerahan management education in the Indonesian Red Cross Youth at SMK Wiworotomo Purwokerto The methodology employed is the Knowledge Management System Life Cycle (KMSLC) with the Meyer and Zack cycle approach, along with the spiral knowledge model by Nonaka and Takeuchi. Network infrastructure involves the internet, wireless access points, and private internet networks. Hardware and software include android devices with browser applications. Resource and data identification is carried out through discussions, interviews, and data entry, utilizing sources from PMR trainers, the Indonesian Red Cross website, and scholarly literature. The Knowledge Management (KM) team consists of PMR trainers, LMS developers, administrators, and PMR members. The system is implemented using WordPress and the TutorLMS plugin, with verification and validation testing conducted through black box testing. The research results demonstrate the successful development of the kepalangmerahan management education LMS in PMR SMK Wiworotomo Purwokerto, with a specific focus on disaster management education materials. This study contributes to improving effective learning access within PMR.

Islamic education in the era of globalization faces the challenge of remaining relevant to the times without losing its Islamic identity. Al-Irsyad Satya Islamic School, as one of the leading educational institutions, implements the Cambridge curriculum integrated with Islamic values to provide quality education that is internationally oriented. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the Cambridge curriculum at the preschool level at Al-Irsyad Satya, focusing on the implementation strategy, the challenges faced, and the impact on learning development.This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with teachers and principals, as well as direct observation of the learning process in preschool classes. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction techniques, data presentation, and conclusion drawing based on qualitative analysis steps. The results showed that the implementation of the Cambridge curriculum at Al-Irsyad Satya is done through the integration of Cambridge-based academic materials with Islamic values, such as noble morals and Islamic manners, which are taught in every learning activity. Challenges faced include adjusting the international curriculum to local needs and training teachers to ensure a deep understanding of both aspects. Nevertheless, the impact is very positive, especially in developing students' academic abilities, Islamic character and social skills as a whole. This study concludes that the integrative approach implemented by Al-Irsyad Satya Islamic School can serve as a model for other Islamic education institutions in adopting the international curriculum without losing Islamic values.