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Social Studies (IPS) learning in elementary schools plays an essential role in developing students’ critical thinking skills and civic attitudes as part of 21st-century competencies. However, in practice, IPS learning is still commonly teacher-centered and lacks contextual learning experiences, resulting in low student engagement and limited development of higher-order thinking skills. This study aims to analyze the implementation of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) in IPS learning to enhance critical thinking skills and civic attitudes of grade VI students at SDN Prekbun. The research employed a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through classroom observations, semi-structured interviews with teachers, students, school principals, and parents, as well as documentation of learning activities. Data analysis was conducted using the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing and verification. The findings indicate that the implementation of PjBL effectively enhances students’ active participation, critical thinking skills in analyzing social issues, and civic attitudes such as responsibility, cooperation, and social awareness. Learning becomes more meaningful as students are directly involved in contextual, collaborative, and problem-based project activities. Despite these positive outcomes, several challenges were identified, including limited learning facilities, time management constraints, and variations in students’ confidence levels. This study implies that PjBL is an effective instructional model for strengthening character education and developing 21st-century skills in elementary social studies learning

Fiqh learning education activities play an important role in improving early childhood worship awareness, particularly in understanding the pillars of Islam as the foundation of Islamic teachings. This study was motivated by the low level of children’s understanding of the pillars of Islam, which was caused by learning methods that were less engaging and less interactive. Therefore, this study aims to improve the understanding, habituation, and worship awareness of early childhood through the use of a simple, communicative, and easy-to-understand lecture method at TPQ Al-Hidayah, Pacar Kembang, Surabaya. This study employed a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach consisting of several stages, namely problem identification, learning planning using the lecture method, implementation of activities, evaluation, and joint reflection to enhance learning effectiveness. The results showed that fiqh learning through the lecture method had a positive impact on improving children’s understanding of the pillars of Islam, developing worship habits, and fostering full awareness in carrying out daily worship practices. Thus, the lecture method is considered effective in enhancing understanding and worship awareness among early childhood learners.

This study analyzes visual signs in the Charlie Chaplin animations Safari at The Park and The King in The Ring using Charles Sanders Peirce’s semiotic framework, focusing on icons, indexes, and symbols. Film and animation communicate meaning through visual elements such as gestures, facial expressions, movements, and character interactions, making them rich for semiotic analysis. Using a descriptive qualitative method, the research identified and categorized visual signs in both animations. Results show that icons, which resemble real-world objects, dominate by establishing story settings natural safari environments in one animation and competitive boxing arenas in the other. Indexes reveal cause-and-effect relationships, demonstrating how gestures, expressions, and actions convey danger, fatigue, or emotional shifts. Symbols convey conventional or cultural meanings, such as Charlie Chaplin’s bowler hat and cane representing his comedic identity, a championship belt symbolizing victory, or a rose indicating affection. While both animations use the same types of signs, the intensity and focus vary with the narrative context: Safari at The Park emphasizes situational and natural elements, whereas The King in The Ring highlights competition and emotional reactions. This study confirms that Peirce’s triadic model effectively explains how meaning is constructed in animation through dynamic visual communication.

The global consumption of energy drinks is currently faced with a paradox between the demand for instant performance enhancement and concerns regarding health risks. This study aims to analyze the strategic role of brand image in stimulating consumer purchase intention amidst this perceptual dilemma. Employing a qualitative approach through a literature review method, this research synthesizes findings from nine empirical studies published between 2019 and 2024. The analysis reveals that brand image consistently exerts a positive and significant influence on the escalation of purchase intention. Within a marketing framework, brand image functions as a risk mitigation instrument and a signal of trust capable of constructing positive consumer attitudes. These findings validate the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), where a strong brand identity triggers the psychological drive to perform a purchase. Practically, this study concludes that the effectiveness of energy drink marketing strategies highly depends on building an authentic and responsible brand image to foster public trust and loyalty amidst intense industrial competition.

This study aims to analyze the role of assessment in decision-making within guidance and counseling services. Assessment plays a crucial role in providing accurate, objective, and comprehensive data regarding students’ characteristics, needs, and problems. This research employs a qualitative approach using a literature review method by analyzing 25 relevant scholarly sources related to assessment, measurement, and counseling services. The findings indicate that measurement serves as the fundamental basis of assessment, which involves systematic processes to obtain quantitative data. The quality of assessment results is highly influenced by the reliability and validity of the instruments used. Reliable instruments ensure consistency, while valid instruments ensure accuracy in measuring intended variables. Furthermore, assessment functions as a basis for diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation of guidance and counseling services. The study also reveals that the application of assessment in schools is not yet optimal due to several factors, including limited counselor competence and lack of effective use of instruments. In addition, the integration of technology and the use of both test and non-test instruments have been shown to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of assessment. In conclusion, systematic and well-implemented assessment significantly enhances the quality of decision-making in guidance and counseling services. Therefore, improving counselors’ competencies and optimizing the use of assessment instruments are essential to support more effective counseling practices

This study examines the influence of technology utilization, records management, infrastructure, and training on employee performance at the Regional Financial and Asset Management Agency (BPKAD) of Batam City. A quantitative approach with an associative design was employed to identify relationships between variables and measure their effects. The study involved 89 employees as respondents using a saturated sampling method to ensure all members of the population were included. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression along with F-test and t-test to assess both simultaneous and partial effects. The findings reveal that all independent variables simultaneously have a significant impact on employee performance, while individually technology, records management, infrastructure, and training also demonstrate significant positive effects. These results indicate that the effective use of digital systems, well-organized archival practices, adequate and supportive facilities, and continuous training programs play a crucial role in enhancing employee performance and productivity, as well as improving efficiency, accuracy, and overall organizational effectiveness. The study suggests that organizations should strengthen technological implementation, improve document management systems, provide sufficient work facilities, and conduct sustainable training programs to achieve optimal and long-term organizational outcomes.

This study examines the influence of work discipline, employee motivation, and work environment on employee performance at the Office of Women Empowerment, Child Protection, Population Control, and Family Planning (DP3AP2KB) of Batam City. The research applies a quantitative approach with an associative design to determine the relationship and influence among variables. Data were collected from all employees using a structured questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability to ensure the accuracy of the research instrument. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression to evaluate both partial and simultaneous effects of the independent variables on employee performance. The findings indicate that work discipline, motivation, and work environment collectively contribute significantly to improving employee performance. Individually, each variable also shows a meaningful and positive effect, reflecting the importance of both internal and external factors in shaping employee outcomes and productivity. These results imply that strengthening discipline, enhancing employee motivation, and creating a supportive, comfortable, and conducive work environment are essential strategies for improving organizational performance and achieving institutional goals effectively. Therefore, organizations are encouraged to implement policies and programs that support employee development, maintain a positive work atmosphere, and improve overall work quality in a sustainable manner.

This study aims to analyze the influence of national income, as measured by Gross Domestic Product (GDP), on poverty levels in Indonesia from a sharia economic perspective. The research method used is quantitative with a simple linear regression approach, supported by a literature review to enrich the analysis from an Islamic perspective. The data used is annual secondary data from the 2010-2023 period sourced from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The results indicate that national income (GDP) has a negative and significant effect on poverty levels in Indonesia, meaning that every increase in GDP is followed by a decrease in the percentage of the poor. From a sharia economic perspective, national income growth must be accompanied by a fair distribution mechanism through zakat, infaq, sedekah, and waqf (ZISWAF) instruments so that its benefits can be felt by all levels of society, in line with the concepts of falah and maqashid sharia.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of legal capacity-building for Temporary Land Deed Officials (PPATS) in the preparation of land deeds in Aceh Besar Regency, Aceh Province. The research employs an empirical juridical method with a qualitative approach, utilizing data collection techniques including interviews, observation, and document analysis. This approach enables a comprehensive examination of both the normative framework and its practical implementation in the field. The findings indicate that the effectiveness of capacity-building for PPATS remains suboptimal, as the existing programs are largely administrative, incidental, and insufficient in addressing substantive legal aspects. Several factors influence this condition, including the non-legal educational background of PPATS, prevailing community legal culture, limitations in training programs, weak institutional coordination, and social pressures encountered in the practice of land deed preparation. These challenges contribute to a low level of material competence and legal prudence among PPATS in carrying out their duties. Accordingly, there is a need for a more sustainable, contextual, and competency-based capacity-building model to enhance the professionalism of PPATS. Such an approach is essential to strengthen their substantive legal understanding, improve the quality of land deeds, and ultimately support the realization of legal certainty in land administration services.

Corruption remains a persistent challenge in Indonesia because it weakens public trust, undermines welfare, and obstructs equitable development. This article examines how Aristotle’s virtue ethics can contribute to anti-corruption efforts by addressing the moral roots of corrupt behavior. The study argues that corruption is not only a legal or administrative violation but also a failure of character, judgment, and commitment to the common good. Using a qualitative conceptual design, the article employs philosophical analysis, a structured literature review, and Socratic questioning to examine the relationship between virtue, leadership, and public integrity. The analysis identifies three principal roots of corruption: weak moral character, poor ethical judgment, and self-interest over the common good. It shows that Aristotelian ethics offers an integrated response through the cultivation of moral virtue, intellectual virtue, and practical wisdom. The findings suggest that virtue-based ethics is most effective when combined with anti-corruption education, ethical leadership, stronger rule-of-law implementation, and institutional arrangements that reduce opportunities for abuse of power. Aristotle’s framework does not provide a complete solution, but it offers a valuable normative foundation for strengthening ethical public culture in Indonesia.

This study aims to analyze the effect of service quality and customer experience on consumer satisfaction at Iky Salon Waioti. This research employs a quantitative approach using primary data collected through questionnaires distributed to 100 respondents. The data were analyzed using validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, as well as t-tests and F-tests. The results indicate that service quality has a positive and significant effect on consumer satisfaction. Customer experience also has a positive and significant effect on consumer satisfaction. Simultaneously, both variables significantly influence consumer satisfaction. These findings suggest that improving service quality and creating positive customer experiences are important factors in enhancing consumer satisfaction and strengthening the competitiveness of Iky Salon Waioti.

Burnout syndrome is a condition characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a diminished sense of self-efficacy that nurses often experience due to high workloads. One approach that can be taken to reduce the level of burnout syndrome is through mindfulness-based breathing exercises. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of mindfulness-based breathing exercises on the level of burnout syndrome among nurses in the inpatient ward at R. W. Mongisidi Teling Hospital, a Type II General Hospital in Manado. This study employed a quasi-experimental design using a one-group pretest-posttest approach. The study population consisted of 87 nurses, with a sample of 20 respondents selected using purposive sampling. Data collection was conducted using the Mindfulness-Based Breathing Exercise SOP and a burnout questionnaire. The data were then analyzed using a T-test with a significance level (α) of 0.05. The study results showed that the mean score for the burnout syndrome among nurses in the inpatient ward of R. W. Mongisidi Type II General Hospital before the mindfulness-based breathing exercise intervention was 43.65, and the mean score after the intervention decreased to 40.40. The T-test results yielded a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05, indicating a significant effect of mindfulness-based breathing exercises on the burnout syndrome levels among nurses in the inpatient ward of RS TK II. R. W. Mongisidi in Teling, Manado. Mindfulness-based breathing exercises have a significant effect on burnout syndrome levels among nurses because this intervention helps improve self-awareness, control emotions, and reduce work-related stress. Recommendation: This intervention can be routinely implemented in hospitals as an effort to improve nurses’ psychological well-being and the quality of healthcare services.

Burnout syndrome is a condition characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and a diminished sense of self-efficacy that nurses often experience due to high workloads. One approach that can be taken to reduce the level of burnout syndrome is through mindfulness-based breathing exercises. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of mindfulness-based breathing exercises on the level of burnout syndrome among nurses in the inpatient ward at R. W. Mongisidi Teling Hospital, a Type II General Hospital in Manado. This study employed a quasi-experimental design using a one-group pretest-posttest approach. The study population consisted of 87 nurses, with a sample of 20 respondents selected using purposive sampling. Data collection was conducted using the Mindfulness-Based Breathing Exercise SOP and a burnout questionnaire. The data were then analyzed using a T-test with a significance level (α) of 0.05. The study results showed that the mean score for the burnout syndrome among nurses in the inpatient ward of R. W. Mongisidi Type II General Hospital before the mindfulness-based breathing exercise intervention was 43.65, and the mean score after the intervention decreased to 40.40. The T-test results yielded a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05, indicating a significant effect of mindfulness-based breathing exercises on the burnout syndrome levels among nurses in the inpatient ward of RS TK II. R. W. Mongisidi in Teling, Manado. Mindfulness-based breathing exercises have a significant effect on burnout syndrome levels among nurses because this intervention helps improve self-awareness, control emotions, and reduce work-related stress. Recommendation: This intervention can be routinely implemented in hospitals as an effort to improve nurses’ psychological well-being and the quality of healthcare services.

Education is a fundamental element in an individual's life that aims to optimize human potential across cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. This research is motivated by the importance of students' ability to manage their study time effectively to support optimal learning outcomes. The purpose of this study is to describe and compare students' study time management based on gender. This study used a descriptive comparative method, with a sample of several eighth-grade students at Islamic Boarding School X. Data were collected using a Likert scale instrument, then analyzed using descriptive techniques and an independent-samples t-test using the (Jeffreys’s Amazing Statistics Program) JASP application. The results indicate that several students are able to manage their study time well. Furthermore, no significant differences were found between male and female students in managing their study time. These findings indicate that the ability to manage study time is relatively even and is not influenced by gender.

This study analyzes the strategic role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in managing Indochinese refugees namely from Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos on Galang Island during the period 1979–1996. The “boat people” crisis at that time required a multisectoral response that was not only emergency-based but also sustainable, linking Indonesia’s transit policies with applicable international protection standards. Using a literature review method of international journal articles and program technical documents, this study finds that NGOs performed crucial functions beyond mere logistical assistance, particularly through structured educational planning such as the Overseas Refugee Training Program (ORTP). Recent literature indicates that NGO consortia such as SCF and EIL, along with faith-based organizations such as JRS, YCK, and ICMC, played a significant role in fostering refugee self-reliance through cultural orientation curricula and work simulation programs (Work Orientation). Despite various structural challenges and resource limitations, the experience on Galang Island demonstrates the effectiveness of partnerships between NGOs and the government in supporting adaptive and sustainable regional humanitarian diplomacy.

Legal protection for Indonesian Migrant Workers (PMI) remains a strategic issue in the context of global labor mobility, particularly given the complexity of challenges encompassing legal, social, economic, and cross-border governance dimensions. Although Indonesia has ratified the 1990 Migrant Workers Convention through Law No. 6 of 2012 and enacted Law No. 18 of 2017 on the Protection of PMI, the implementation of such protections continues to face significant obstacles. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of legal protection for PMI, including non-procedural workers and their family members, as well as to evaluate the role of the state and relevant institutions in ensuring comprehensive protection. Employing a normative juridical method, data were collected through document analysis and literature review. The findings reveal a gap between the existing legal framework and its implementation, as evidenced by weak inter-agency coordination, limited diplomatic capacity, and low levels of legal literacy among prospective migrant workers. Furthermore, contemporary issues such as covert human trafficking, violations of migrant workers’ children’s rights, and inconsistencies in the enforcement of bilateral MoUs exacerbate the vulnerability of PMI, particularly in the informal sector. This study recommends strengthening community-based protection mechanisms, reforming migration governance, and mainstreaming human rights and gender-sensitive approaches in migration policies.

This study aims to analyze the impact of the split and identify reconciliation efforts between the BNKP Jemaat Kasih Karunia and the BNKP Jemaat Hilifalagötanö in Tetegawa’ai Village, Mazo District, South Nias, using the Appreciative Inquiry (AI) method. The conflict between the two congregations began with differences of opinion regarding church construction and the selection of pastors, which led to the separation of the congregations in 2014. This study uses a mixed method approach, combining qualitative analysis through in-depth interviews with BPMJ, SNK, and the Head of the Commission, and quantitative analysis through questionnaires to 36 respondents. The results show that the majority of the congregations understand reconciliation as a process of restoring broken relationships, emphasizing values ​​such as making peace, forgiveness, brotherhood, as well as friendly, caring, and empathetic attitudes. Respondents consider reconciliation efforts very necessary, including through mediation, cooperation between congregations, and the wise involvement of leaders and government officials. Qualitative findings strengthen the quantitative results by confirming that appreciation for positive values, open dialogue, and active collaboration are key factors in the reconciliation process. This research confirms that the Appreciative Inquiry method is effective in rebuilding congregational harmony, strengthening fellowship, and providing a practical model for other church communities in managing similar conflicts.

Christian leadership rooted in John 15:1 8 and 13 17 depicts Jesus as the true vine, where leaders, as branches, must abide (remain attached) in Him (Jesus Christ) to bear abundant fruit through divine vision, moral integrity, and passionate service. This analysis explores how the vine metaphor shapes a leadership model that depends on an intimate (attached) relationship with Christ, producing fruit in daily life and ministry. The relationship between the vine and the branches reflects the necessity for church leaders to rely on Christ for guidance, strength, and the ability to serve others effectively. The model emphasizes the importance of nurturing personal spiritual growth, cultivating virtues that align with God’s purpose, and fostering a ministry focused on service and integrity. These principles are relevant for Indonesian church leaders who are called to integrate their faith with contextual ministry. By examining the passage through exegesis and literature review, this article provides insights on developing a Christ centered approach to leadership.

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of implementing the Al Miftah method with a behavioristic approach in improving the ability of students at the Raudlatul Ulum II Islamic Boarding School to read classical Islamic texts. This method provides stimuli in the form of repetitive exercises and positive reinforcement that actively motivate students to learn nahwu and sharaf rules, the main foundations in learning classical Arabic texts. The results of observations and interviews show significant changes in the students' learning behavior; from being passive to being more active, motivated, and able to understand the learning material better. The use of innovative media such as nadhom songs strengthens the memorization of Arabic language rules in a rhythmic and enjoyable way. The role of teachers as facilitators and evaluators is also very important in guiding and motivating students individually. Evaluation of students' abilities through classical Islamic texts reading tests shows that this method is effective in improving reading performance and understanding of classical Islamic texts. Some limitations, such as limited learning time and the number of certified teachers, are concerns for future development.

This study aims to analyze the influence of entrepreneurship education and motivation on students' entrepreneurial interest. The background of this study is based on the low interest of students in entrepreneurship despite having received entrepreneurship education at university. This study uses a quantitative approach with an associative method. The study population was students of the Management Study Program, Class of 2022, STIE Bina Karya Tebing Tinggi, with a purposive sampling technique in accordance with certain criteria determined by the researcher. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results show that motivation has a positive and significant effect on entrepreneurial interest, while entrepreneurship education has no significant effect partially. However, simultaneously, both variables have a significant effect on entrepreneurial interest. The coefficient of determination shows that the variables of entrepreneurship education and motivation can explain 54.8% of entrepreneurial interest, while the remainder is influenced by other factors outside the study. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of increasing motivation and strengthening more practical entrepreneurship learning to be able to encourage student interest in entrepreneurship.