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Guardianship is the authority in the maintenance and supervision of minors, who are not under the authority of their parents and the management of the objects or assets of the child that have been regulated by law. In the implementation of child guardianship there are procedures that regulate it, but in reality the Eugene Schmitz Orphanage implements the rules in its own way. The formulation of the problem: (1) What are the procedures for child guardianship at the Eugene Schmitz Orphanage in Lewoleba Timur Village based on civil law? (2) What are the rights and obligations of the parties in the implementation of child guardianship at the Eugene Schmitz Orphanage in Lewoleba Timur Village based on civil law? (3) What are the inhibiting factors in the implementation of child guardianship at the Eugene Schmitz Orphanage, Lewoleba Timur Village?. The objectives of this research are: (1) To Know the Procedure of Child Guardianship at the Eugene Schmitz Orphanage in Lewoleba Timur Village Based on Civil Law. (2) To Know the Rights and Obligations of the Parties in the Implementation of Child Guardianship at the Eugene Schmitz Orphanage in Lewoleba Timur Village Based on Civil Law. (3) To find out the inhibiting factors in the implementation of child guardianship at the Eugene Schmitz Orphanage in Lewoleba Timur Village. The benefit of this research is to add information for the government to better supervise guardianship procedures and add information to the public to find out the child guardianship procedure. The method used in this research is empirical juridical legal method. The results showed that: (1) The procedure for implementing child guardianship at the Eugene Schmitz Orphanage applies its own rules which are simple, straightforward, do not require a lot of money and do not require a long time so that both the orphanage management, caregivers and children who enter know about the procedure and help parents in the administrative process. (2) The rights and obligations of the parties to the Orphanage arise as a result of the responsibility for their respective roles, although it has been well implemented, in fact there are problems that arise resulting in unbalanced rights and obligations. (3) The inhibiting factors experienced in the implementation of guardianship are ignorance of guardianship procedures, lack of entry requirements and children who enter without biological parents. The conclusions in this study are (1) The child guardianship procedure at the Eugene Schmitz Orphanage does not apply the rules in accordance with the Provisions of the Law. (2) The rights and obligations of the parties are balanced as a result of responsibility for their respective roles. (3) The inhibiting factors in the implementation of guardianship are ignorance of procedures, lack of files/documents and unclear identity of the child. The author's suggestion is the need for socialization from the government to orphanage administrators and the community regarding child guardianship procedures in accordance with the provisions of the Law.

The development of the implementation of inclusive education by describing the journey from the initial stages to the present. Through a comprehensive literature review and empirical research, we explore the key factors influencing the implementation of inclusive education, including support from various stakeholders, adequate resource allocation, and a supportive policy framework. This research aims to analyze the development of the implementation of inclusive education. This research method is qualitative research which aims to understand humanitarian and social problems in depth. The results of this research demonstrate the challenges faced by educational practitioners, such as the need for additional training for educators, better integration of students with special needs into the regular curriculum, and the importance of social and emotional support for all students. In addition, we highlight the important role that educational policies play in encouraging or hindering the implementation of inclusive education. By strengthening understanding of the dynamics and complexities of implementing inclusive education, we hope to provide useful insights for practitioners, policy makers and researchers to improve the effectiveness and sustainability of inclusive education throughout the world.  

Inclusive education is a critical issue in Indonesia, especially considering the high number of Children with Special Needs (CSN). Despite existing legal frameworks regulating inclusive education, its implementation remains limited, particularly at the Elementary School level. This study aims to explore the challenges faced in implementing inclusive education in Elementary Schools and evaluate the obstacles encountered by schools and teachers. The literature review method was employed to collect data through the analysis of various journals, books, and documents relevant to the research topic. The findings indicate numerous challenges in the implementation of inclusive education in Elementary Schools, including inadequate teacher competencies, lack of supporting facilities, insufficient tailored curricula, and the diverse characteristics of CSN requiring different approaches. Further efforts are needed to improve the inclusive education system in Indonesia to address these challenges.

The purpose of this community service activity is to help youth youth groups to develop skills in operating and running computers, especially in Microsoft office (word, excel, and power point). The targets of this community service activity are youth youth groups at RW 010 Rorotan in North Jakarta with a total of 6 trainees. The training is carried out in three stages of activity consisting of observation, training implementation, as well as evaluation and monitoring. At the observation stage, an analysis of the problems and needs of youth youth is carried out to operate Microsoft office which includes word, excel, and power point. At the implementation stage of the activity, a direct presentation of the material and practice was given. At the evaluation and monitoring stage, direct evaluation and monitoring are carried out to see the abilities that have been achieved by youth youth in operating Microsoft office. Based on the results of the training and monitoring of activities, it was found that Microsoft office computer training activities are very relevant to improve skills and broader knowledge of youth youth groups in RW 010.    

This research explains research on the management of the implementation of inclusive education in Islamic educational institutions. The aim of this research is to reveal the ABK service system that is integrated with formal education services. The method used in this research uses a library research method or approach, where library research can be understood as a series of activities related to data collection methods, reading, recording and processing library research materials. The results of this research show that inclusive education as a ABK service system is integrated with formal education services, the existing problems and solutions provided include; Inclusive Education is equated with National School Education, Procedures for resolving problems faced by Schools in Carrying out Inclusive Education, Implementation of Inclusive Schools at Islamic Education Institutions, Policies and Solutions for Handling Problems that Occur in Schools that Cover Inclusive Education.

Literacy is important to master in the 21st century. However, in reality, students' low literacy skills are exacerbated by the use of conventional media and the implementation of the School Literacy Movement (GLS) which is not yet optimal. This research aims to (1) analyze the validity of Aksaranesia.co as GLS media at SMPN 4 Yogyakarta City; (2) analyzing the compatibility of Aksaranesia.co as GLS media at SMPN 4 Yogyakarta City; and (3) analyzing the usability of Aksaranesia.co as GLS media at SMPN 4 Yogyakarta City. This research is Research and Development (R&D), with a waterfall model consisting of 5 stages, namely requirements and definition, system and software design, implementation and unit testing, integration and system testing, and operation and maintenance. The results of this R&D are: (1) Aksaranesia.co obtained a mean score of 3.30 on content validity, and 3.66 on construct validity, so it is very valid; (2) Compatibility testing on Android 10.0-13.0, as well as Google Developer tools shows that Aksaranesia.co is 100% compatible; and (3) Aksaranesia.co through usability testing with a percentage of 96.68% or very feasible. Aksaranesia.co is expected to provide implications in efforts to develop literacy media to support the 2030 SDGs.

The price difference between the price tag and the cashier's price that occurs at Suba Suka Store is a form of violation of consumer rights, so that legal certainty is needed to protect the rights and obligations of consumers and business actors. The formulation of this research problem are: (a) How is legal protection for consumers who experience price differences between price tags and cashier's prices according to Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection? (b) What is the responsibility of business actors regarding price differences between price tags and cashier's prices experienced by consumers at Suba Suka Store, Kupang City? The objectives of this research are:  (a) To determine the legal protection for consumers who experience price differences based on Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection; and (b) To determine the form of responsibility of business actors in handling the problem of price differences at Suba Suka Store in Kupang City. The results showed that (a) Legal protection for consumers who experience price differences is clearly regulated, but in its implementation based on existing provisions, it has not been carried out properly because there has been no complaint to be resolved directly by the authorized party, namely BPSK at the NTT Provincial Disperindag, so that when consumers file a complaint (b) the form of responsibility of the Suba Suka Store is to provide prices according to what is found by the store, the rest is the right of consumers to decide to continue or cancel the transaction. The conclusions in this paper are: (a) The legal protection provided has not been implemented properly because it has never been resolved by the authorized party, either directly or indirectly (b) errors in the price tag and cashier's price are things that need to be paid attention to again by the Suba Suka Store to become their full responsibility to solve the problem of price differences that occur. The author's suggestions (a) it is necessary to increase supervision and provide socialization about consumer protection (b) every business actor pays more attention to replacing price tags (c) consumers are expected to be smarter and increase awareness when they realize their rights are being violated (d) to further researchers so that they can continue this research to support this thesis.         

Problem-based learning is an educational approach that centers around the exploration of real-world problems, with an emphasis on finding genuine solutions through realistic investigation. The objective of this study is to ascertain the outcomes of students' learning achievement through the implementation of a problem-based learning approach, specifically focusing on the topic of animal classification. This study employs the methodology of classroom action research. The research was conducted at SMP Negeri 8 Kei Besar. The participants of the study consisted of 33 pupils in the seventh grade. The research findings indicated that the rate of classical learning achievement in the first cycle was 27%, with a mean score of 62%, while in the second cycle it increased to 81.9%, with an average score of 76%. The findings of this study demonstrate that the utilization of a problem-based learning approach in teaching animal classification can enhance students' academic achievements.    

Data communication is a field of science that studies the process of sending data, as well as how data can be received from sending and receiving terminals. A computer network is a set of "interconnections" between 2 or more autonomous computers connected by cable or wireless transmission media. Cisco packet tracer is a network simulation application developed by Cisco as a simulator as a learning medium for Cisco devices. Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network simulation using Cisco Packet Tracer software is an effective method for understanding, designing, and analyzing P2P networks in a controlled environment. The method used is literature study and carrying out simulation practice on Cisco Packet Tracer software to simulate a network. This research method aims to outline the steps and procedures required to simulate a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network using Cisco Packet Tracer software. This abstract presents a brief view of the simulation approach used to model and examine the performance of a P2P network using Cisco Packet Tracer contains implementation steps for peer to peer network simulation. Through simulation, in-depth performance analysis can be carried out on various aspects of P2P networks, such as throughput, latency and reliability. This allows researchers and practitioners to understand how P2P networks behave under various conditions. Thus, P2P network simulation with Packet Tracer provides a useful tool for researchers and practitioners to understand and optimize P2P network performance in various scenarios.

Advances in information and communication technology are growing rapidly in all directions so that a lot of information is produced from technology and is applied in various fields. In the field of information technology, Supply Chain Management is also needed, which is used to monitor inventory and marketing of goods at UD. Anugrah Jaya Tani. UD. Anugrah Jaya Tani is a kiosk that sells various herbicides. Supply chain management (SCM) is one part that can also be developed with the existence of internet resources. The internet can play a role in facilitating SCM activities. This is because SCM activities require communication between the parties involved in this matter. The purpose of using supply chain management, where the most basic is to be able to align customer demand with existing supply. The results of this study are to determine the amount of stock of goods to be marketed, create a system that can be accessed by anyone, and create an attractive consultation layout.

A cooperative is a joint business entity operating in the economic sector, whose members are generally those from a weak economy who join voluntarily and on the basis of equal rights, are obliged to carry out a business aimed at meeting the needs of its members. The problem in this thesis is to find out the development of cooperative regulations in Indonesia based on Law Number 25 of 1992 concerning Cooperatives, the Roles and Responsibilities of Cooperative Management and Members in the Distribution of Remaining Business Results in Thrifty Village Unit Cooperatives. The formulation of the problem that will be discussed in this thesis is: 1) What are the responsibilities of cooperative management both outside and inside the cooperative based on Law No. 25 of 1992? 2) What is the position of members in the cooperative accountability system? 3) What is the legal review of the implementation of loan agreements at the Thrifty Village Unit Cooperative? The type of research in preparing legal writing is normative legal research or library legal research. The purpose of normative legal research is research carried out by examining library materials or secondary data consisting of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. These materials are then arranged systematically, studied and then conclusions are drawn regarding their relationship to the problems studied. Based on Article 34 of Law Number 25 of 1992 concerning Cooperatives, the responsibility of cooperative administrators as cooperative managers for cooperative losses is responsible both jointly and individually bear the losses suffered by the cooperative if the losses suffered by the cooperative are caused by intention or negligence by the cooperative management. This is closely related to the obligations imposed on cooperative management which must be based on good faith. In this case, the management of the economical village unit cooperative did not provide accountability as regulated in the Law. The role of supervisors in supervising the work of cooperative management is considered less than optimal, because they still lack knowledge and ability regarding the duties and authority for which they are responsible.

The fire suppression ability of this sprinkler installation compared to other fire extinguishing equipment has been proven to be more effective. Because the sprinkler system does not require an operator when operating, fires can be prevented earlier before causing greater losses. For this reason, the implementation of sprinkler systems in buildings is crucial. According to KEPMEN PU NO. 10/KPTS/2000, a building must have elements that can maintain structural stability to a certain level during a fire. This research was conducted directly in the field, and the necessary data was obtained independently through interviews with relevant parties. The author conducted research observations in the archive warehouse to obtain both primary and secondary data. Primary data included field documentation and calculations. Planning calculations were done directly by calculating the number of sprinklers, water requirements, and reservoirs to determine the precise needs. Based on the survey, it was found that the size of the archive warehouse is 48 x 48 m, totaling 2304 m2. The maximum distance between sprinklers used was 4.6 m. Therefore, the effective distance between sprinkler heads is 193 units. The result of the calculation for the water supply for the sprinkler system obtained 34,139.77 liters, with the total overall cost for the equipment and materials used being Rp. 63,121,925.74. Based on the data and calculation results regarding the planning and design of fire protection equipment in open active spaces adhering to the NFPA-13 Standard for the Year 2019, it is expected to provide comfort and safety against the threat of fire incidents.

Background: Stroke is a health problem that we often encounter in today's modern society, stroke is a very serious disease phenomenon in Indonesia and throughout the world. Stroke is a condition where the blood supply to the brain is disrupted due to a blockage or rupture. blood vessels of a person with various symptoms such as hemiparesis, slurred speech, loss of balance and decreased muscle strength and difficulty walking. Stroke is one of the causes of decreased muscle strength where muscle strength is a contraction in the striated muscle fibers (voluntary muscles) that lasts briefly and each contraction occurs on a single stimulus from the nerve. Objective: to determine the results of applying passive Range of Motion (ROM) exercises to increasing muscle strength in the Neuro Center ward of RSUD DR. Soediran Mangun Sumarso Wonogiri. Method: the application of this journal uses a qualitative description method. Results: the results after the implementation was an increase in muscle strength in both respondents. Conclusion: there is an increase in muscle strength in both respondents, Range of Motion (ROM) Exercise therapy can increase muscle strength in stroke sufferers.

The aim of this research is to develop valid and practical learning media for the basics of visual communication design. The process of learning the basics of visual communication design at SMKN 1 Pasaman is not optimal, this is caused by several problems, namely the availability of learning media only in the form of printed books that students borrow from the school library. This causes students to not understand the learning material and be less motivated to study and cause low student grades. Based on the data obtained, the students' KKM completion score was only 53%. This research uses the Research and Development (R&D) research and development method with the ADDIE model which consists of 5 stages, namely Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation at each stage. This research involved 36 class X DKV students who took part in learning the basics of visual communication design. The results of this research are Android-based learning software that can be used as a complement to the learning process, especially in the basics of visual communication design subjects. Data collection techniques are in the form of observations and questionnaires, while data collection instruments are in the form of validity questionnaires and practicality questionnaires. The data analysis technique uses a Likert scale with the Aiken formula. The results of this research show that the validity value of the media is an average of 81.53% in the "Very Valid" category, while the validity of the material is an average of 93.85% in the "Very Practical" category and the teacher's practicality assessment is an average of 81.77% in the "Practical" category. " while students' practicality assessment averaged 83.3% in the "Practical" category.

The aim of this research is to develop valid and practical learning media for the basics of visual communication design. The process of learning the basics of visual communication design at SMKN 1 Pasaman is not optimal, this is caused by several problems, namely the availability of learning media only in the form of printed books that students borrow from the school library. This causes students to not understand the learning material and be less motivated to study and cause low student grades. Based on the data obtained, the students' KKM completion score was only 53%. This research uses the Research and Development (R&D) research and development method with the ADDIE model which consists of 5 stages, namely Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation at each stage. This research involved 36 class X DKV students who took part in learning the basics of visual communication design. The results of this research are Android-based learning software that can be used as a complement to the learning process, especially in the basics of visual communication design subjects. Data collection techniques are in the form of observations and questionnaires, while data collection instruments are in the form of validity questionnaires and practicality questionnaires. The data analysis technique uses a Likert scale with the Aiken formula. The results of this research show that the validity value of the media is an average of 81.53% in the "Very Valid" category, while the validity of the material is an average of 93.85% in the "Very Practical" category and the teacher's practicality assessment is an average of 81.77% in the "Practical" category. " while students' practicality assessment averaged 83.3% in the "Practical" category.

This research aims to determine the implementation/application of character building in Brigjend Katamso Medan PAUD students while at school. The results of the research show that the process of implementing or implementing children's character education begins as early as possible with habits such as (1) inviting students to pray diligently, (2) 3S, namely smile, greet, salute, (3) form independent character, (4) Obedience in the rules, (5) Healthy living behavior implemented by teachers at school so that students also practice it in their daily lives both at school, home and in the community.

Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) need to implement occupational safety and health procedures to upgrade or go international, so that the products produced are created by workers who work below the standards of occupational safety and health that have been guaranteed by the place where they work. The purpose of this study is to find out 1) How to implement occupational safety and health procedures, especially for MSMEs workers in Kayavit Malang City, 2) Challenges faced in the implementation of occupational safety and health procedures for MSME workers in Kayavit Malang City. This type of research is a qualitative case study, with informants of MSME workers Kayavit Malang City, and business owners Data collection techniques using interviews, observation, and documentation. The results obtained from this study are, MSMEs have implemented procedures and rules for the use of work safety in the form of the use of gloves so as not to be exposed to heat production equipment and hats and workers are asked to use t-shirts when working to absorb work and be more comfortable, lighting and air circulation in the production workspace are in accordance with procedures and evaluations are carried out. The challenge faced by MSMEs in implementing occupational safety and health procedures is still the lack of workers' awareness about the importance of using personal protective equipment and implementing worker safety and health procedures to prevent accidents or risks at work.

Background: In the modern industrial era, work safety is the main focus of companies to protect workers and minimize the risk of work-related injuries and illnesses. Implementation of an Occupational Safety and Health Management System (SMK3) has become a strategy adopted by many companies to improve safety and health standards in the workplace. The purpose of this writing is to provide a better understanding of the importance of implementing SMK3 in improving occupational safety and health as well as the factors that influence its success. Method: The research method used is a literature review which is an approach that focuses on collecting, evaluating and synthesizing information from various literature sources related to the research topic. In the case of journals that consider improving occupational safety through the implementation of an Occupational Safety and Health Management System (SMK3) Result: Work safety, including the implementation of the Occupational Safety and Health Management System (SMK3), is a shared responsibility of the company and workers' rights to a safe work environment. SMK3 aims to prevent occupational injuries and illnesses with steps such as risk identification and follow-up evaluation. Despite benefits such as increased productivity, implementation is often hampered by a lack of awareness, resources and resistance to change. Overcoming these barriers requires increased awareness, adequate resource allocation, and effective change management. Work safety and the implementation of SMK3 are the keys to creating a safe and productive work environment, requiring commitment and participation from all parties to succeed.

The implementation of the Healthy Village Home program in Margomulyo Village shows strong integration of the four main factors of policy implementation, namely communication, resources, disposition and organizational structure. This program succeeded in building effective communication by involving the community through the Healthy Village Home as a Community Learning Center. The commitment of the village government and assistance from Baznas provides significant financial resources, with organized allocation of funds through the Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget and additional support from Baznas. The disposition is seen in active community participation and close collaboration between stakeholders, especially in regular meetings and joint decision making. The organizational structure that was formed with clear legality and defined roles both at the village head level and participation from various elements of society, shows success in building a strong foundation for the program to reduce the stunting rate from 7% to 2% in 2023. Even though this program is faced with obstacles such as low parental awareness and budget limitations, with good commitment and coordination, it is hoped that this program can be effective in reducing the stunting rate in the village. Supporting factors for the program are the commitment of the village government and assistance from Baznas, especially for the Supplementary Food Program .Concrete steps involving the delivery of Supplementary Food Program directly to parents' homes provide personalized support that can increase the sustainability and effectiveness of the program. Inhibiting factors include low parental awareness and limited Village APB budget in the healthy village house program in reducing stunting rates

The focus of the research is used so that there are no mistakes in the discussion that the author will carry out, so the author limits it to the following problem: Implementation of religious character education for early childhood by parents who work as farmers in Jorong Lurah in Palupuh sub-district. This research is a type of qualitative research with a descriptive approach. Implemented in Jorong Lurah Dalam Agam Regency in August 2023 until completion. The research subjects were parents and children. Informants are parents, supporting informants are young children. Data collection uses interviews, observation and documentation. Validity techniques use source triangulation and engineering triangulation. Based on the research results, it was concluded that parents in implementing character education through the methods of example, habituation, advice and storytelling are very effective in their application because parents are always an example for their children. The obstacle that parents face in forming their children's character is the presence of external environmental factors that influence them, both positive and negative. Then, the availability of time that parents give to educate children's character at home is limited because parents are busy with work.