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Forest fires are an environmental problem that occurs so often that it has become a local and global concerns. The phenomenon of forest and land fires that occurred in various regions of Indonesia several years ago is a legal fact that the implementation of Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management, Law Numbers 19 of 2004 concerning Forestry and various other statutory regulations does note in understand with predetermined expectations and rules. It cannot be denied that the phenomenon.phenomenon of forests fires is a serious and urgent threat that must be addressed by all parties. The method used in this research is normative legal research whichcomes from primary data, secondary data and tertiary data to support the arguments in this article. The data collection technique is qualitative descriptive analysis, namely by taking a conceptual and statutory approach. Using literature studies by collecting data through books, articles, statutory regulations, journals or other legal literature as well as online sites that are relevant to the problem being written about. This research aims to determine the impact of forest fires which cause environmental damage, the application of criminal sanctions against corporations as legal subjects for criminal acts of forest burning which . Based on the description above, it can be concluded that in accordance with the development of Indonesian criminal law regulations, a corporation that is declared obstacles faced when applying criminal sanctions against corporations as legal subjects for criminal acts of forest burning which cause environmental damage legal subject can also be burdened with criminal liability. Corporations that have been proven to have burned forests

The development of information technology has encouraged the rapid growth of online buying and selling (e-commerce) activities. However, along with the increase in digital transactions, fraud in e-commerce is increasingly prevalent. This research aims to examine the importance of legal protection for victims of fraud in online transactions and examine the effectiveness of applicable laws and regulations in providing justice and legal certainty. The research method used is a normative juridical approach with an analysis of laws and regulations, legal literature, and case studies. The results of the study show that despite the existence of legal instruments such as the Criminal Code, the ITE Law, and the Consumer Protection Law, the implementation of protection for victims still faces various obstacles, such as the difficulty of tracking perpetrators and weak law enforcement. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen regulations, increase public legal literacy, and optimize the role of law enforcement officials in providing maximum protection to victims of fraud in e-commerce. This research recommends synergy between regulation, technology, and education as an effective legal protection solution in the digital era.

The limitations of traditional cost systems in capturing the complexity of operational activities lead to inaccuracies in cost allocation, which has an impact on the determination of cost of production and transfer prices between divisions. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Activity-Based Costing (ABC) method in improving the accuracy of cost information and examine the factors that affect its success. The method used is a literature study of major journals and supporting literature. The results of the study show that ABC is more accurate in allocating overhead costs based on relevant activities and cost drivers, and is able to reduce cost information distortion. The adoption of ABCs is influenced by cost structure, product diversification, and competitive intensity. However, successful implementation requires organizational readiness, managerial support, and an understanding of the operational context. These findings confirm the importance of implementing an adaptive cost system to support efficiency and transparency.

The coronavirus pandemic has accelerated the evolution of education towards 21st-century learning in alignment with the Industry 4.0 era. Educators are confronted with three key aspects: life and career skills, learning and innovation, and information media and technology. They must continuously update their knowledge and skills to meet the needs of the millennial generation. Technology has become integral, influencing learners' cognition and skills. Pre-pandemic, educational institutions had leveraged technology, yet challenges regarding infrastructure and human resource readiness emerge in online learning implementation. Teachers need to be innovative in designing remote learning tailored to student needs, supported by adequate technology. Interactive online learning enhances student motivation. Learning media serves as a crucial link, aiding in achieving learning objectives. Specific challenges also arise concerning the curriculum, emphasizing the significance of educational philosophy. In the context of Christian education, integrating faith and knowledge and considering spirituality are vital to producing academically and morally competent alumni. Challenges faced by Christian education in Indonesia include declining numbers of schools and financial constraints, with potential risks to Christian identity. Initiatives such as the takeover of Christian schools offer solutions.

Background: The rapid advancement of Industry 4.0 has accelerated the integration of digital technologies such as the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), edge computing, and Digital Twin systems in smart manufacturing environments. However, many existing implementations remain fragmented and heavily dependent on centralized cloud infrastructures, resulting in latency constraints, limited scalability, and suboptimal real-time decision making. Objective: This study aims to develop and validate an integrated edge based Digital Twin optimization framework that combines IIoT sensing, hybrid edge cloud architecture, and reinforcement learning based adaptive control. Methods: The research adopts a multi phase design consisting of framework development, simulation based validation, and industrial pilot implementation. The proposed system integrates real time data acquisition, localized edge processing, Digital Twin synchronization, and intelligent optimization mechanisms to enhance operational efficiency. Results: The findings demonstrate significant performance improvements compared to conventional cloud based systems, including substantial latency reduction, increased production throughput, reduced downtime, and improved energy efficiency. Scalability and robustness testing further confirm that distributed edge intelligence enhances system resilience under increased workloads and network disruptions. These results indicate that integrating edge computing with Digital Twin modeling and reinforcement learning provides a scalable, responsive, and energy efficient solution for next-generation smart factories.

This research aims to improve children's social skills through implementing the Kabadi-kabadi Traditional game in Group B TK Ar-Rahman Tobengeano, North Kolaka Regency. The research uses a classroom action research (PTK) design with two cycles. The research subjects consisted of 16 children in Group B TK Ar-Rahman Tobengeano. Data is collected through observation and documentation of the learning process. The results showed that the implementation of the ball maze game significantly improved children's social abilities. In cycle I, there was an increase from 40% to 72.22%, and in cycle II the success rate was 93.75%. The implication of this research is that the ball maze game can be used as an effective alternative method in developing the social skills of children aged 5-6 years. It is expect that this research can contribute to the development of learning strategies in kindergarten and provide guidance for teachers to design learning activities that support children's social development.

The purpose of this study was to determine the communicative approach in writing persuasive texts for class VII of SMPN 1 Bone. This research method uses a classroom action research method. Student learning outcomes in cycle I data of class VIII students of SMPN 53 Makassar by giving a test to make persuasive texts and giving scores. With a total overall score of 4,635 students with two test tests. The first test test with an average value of 70.72 for the average value of the second test test 74.13 the total average of the overall test test is 72.42 which is in the low category. After getting the test scores of all students in cycle I, it was continued in cycle II. Meanwhile, cycle II of class VIII students of SMPN 53 Makassar by giving a test to make persuasive texts and giving scores. With a total overall score of 5,410 students with two test tests. The first test test with an average value of 82.47 for the average value of the second test test 86.59 overall from the test test, namely 84.53 in the good category. Based on the test results in cycles 1 and 2, it can be seen that implementing a communicative approach can improve the learning outcomes of class VIII students of SMPN 53 Makassar. This is indicated by an increase in the initial score on the average content aspect in cycle I of 72.42 and in cycle II the score became 84.53.

In today's digital age, cybersecurity resilience is an urgent need. Organizations around the world face increasingly complex and rapidly changing threats. Given these challenges, it can damage national values. Risk-based security management has emerged as an effective way to improve cybersecurity resilience. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the implementation of risk-based security controls can improve cybersecurity resilience in the Company's environment based on the perspective of the 1945 Constitution.This study employs content analysis method to investigate policies, security practices, and incidents that occur at Valve Corporation in the context of cyber security. The research findings indicate that Valve Corporation has adopted various security strategies and technologies to protect their data and infrastructure from cyberattacks. However, there are still challenges such as evolving security threats and the complexity of global networks that require continuous updates in their security strategies.From the perspective of the 1945 Constitution, cyber security at Valve Corporation is also related to the protection of individual rights, information openness, and national technological independence. Therefore, companies need to consider national values in designing their security policies to ensure effective data protection while complying with relevant regulations.This research makes a valuable contribution to the understanding of the importance of risk-based security management in improving cyber security resilience, as well as providing practical guidance for organizations looking to improve their security strategies based on nationality values in the face of evolving threats in the digital world.

The nutritional status of children under the age of five is an important indicator of health, as young children are a vulnerable group to nutritional health. The growth process is very rapid, namely physical growth and psychomotor, mental and social development, so it is necessary to obtain nutrition from daily food in proper quantities and good quality. The village of Tanjung Kamuning is one of the villages that are in Tarogong Community Health Center work area in Garut district. The unrecorded problems in the village are the results of a structured weighing of the newspapers carried out by the posyandu (integrated service post) cadres that were used as reporting material for the puskesmas. Innovation tool that serves as a monitoring media and a system that acts as a container for storing and managing news data connected to the Internet for ease of access is the application "Saga Sehat." The purpose of public dedication is to improve the knowledge of caders related to the use of the application “Saga Sehat” related to growth monitoring efforts in news. Implementation methods are designation and practice of use of application “Saga Sehat.”. Activities are carried out on caders. Caders played a very active role in this activity

Healthcare professionals often face high levels of stress due to demanding job requirements, which can negatively impact their mental and physical health. Mobile health applications have emerged as potential tools to assist in stress management. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of mobile health applications in reducing stress among healthcare professionals. The study utilizes a literature review method by identifying, selecting, and analyzing 12 relevant research articles. The article search was conducted across several databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, Springer, Elsevier, and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria encompass articles that discuss the use of mobile health applications for stress management among healthcare professionals, published within the last 10 years. Data were thematically analyzed to identify key findings related to the effectiveness of these applications. The literature review results indicate that mobile health applications are effective in reducing stress levels and improving the psychological well-being of healthcare professionals. Successful implementation requires attention to factors influencing adoption and usage, as well as strategies to overcome existing barriers. Further research is needed to evaluate the long-term effects and develop practical recommendations to enhance the effectiveness of these applications.

This research is motivated by the condition of Islamic boarding schools in Jambi province in terms of infrastructure management. The research objective is to determine the infrastructure management system in developing Islamic boarding schools in Jambi Province.The research method uses a qualitative approach. The sample in this study; Nurul Jalal Islamic boarding school, Tebo Regency City, Zulhijjah Islamic boarding school, Batang Hari Regency, Nurul Iman Islamic boarding school, Jambi City and as a research informant for Islamic boarding school leaders, madrasa leaders and staff who handle infrastructure management. Data collection technique using snowball sampling. Sampling technique using the method : interviews, documentation, observation. To test the validity of the data by using data triangulationThe research results are as follows; first, management of facilities and infrastructure in the development of Islamic boarding schools in Jambi Province, the Islamic boarding schools as samples in this research are as follows; carry out planning, carry out implementation and organization, then carry out the process of procurement and inventory of facilities and infrastructure as well as the final stage of monitoring and evaluating the condition of infrastructure in an effort to develop Islamic boarding schools. All activities are oriented towards achieving goals, clarity and responsibility, administration, efficiency and consistency in the use of facilities and infrastructure. Second, the inhibiting factors in the process of managing facilities and infrastructure to develop Islamic boarding schools in Jambi province include; human resources, educational funds as well as the location and geography of Islamic boarding schools, while the supporting factors in managing facilities and infrastructure in developing Islamic boarding schools in Jambi Province come from the culture of Islamic boarding schools and the principles possessed by Kiai as leaders of Islamic boarding schools. Third, the efforts made by Islamic boarding schools in managing facilities and infrastructure in developing Islamic boarding schools in Jambi Province include; maximizing the allocation of the use of education financing funds for facilities and infrastructure, increasing human resources through training, collaborating with other institutions, collaborating with the private sector, collaborating with the government and the community. Fourth, a suitable management model for facilities and infrastructure in developing Islamic boarding schools in Jambi Province, the results of findings in the field show a model that is more suitable for developing Islamic boarding schools. The facilities and infrastructure management model is carried out using a strategic management model and at the beginning of activities uses the active management concept. This activity is influenced by the type and style of Islamic boarding school leadership. Apart from that, Islamic boarding school leaders view facilities and infrastructure as resources in the form of sources of strength in achieving a goal and as resources related to humans, finances and materials.

Al-Qur'an recitation assistance at TPQ Saroja Kutisari Tenggilis Mejoyo, Surabaya, is key in improving the quality of Al-Qur'an recitation among students. This research explores the implementation of Tahsin Tilawah Al-Qur'an activities as a step to perfect the recitation of the Al-Qur'an in the neighborhood. Through a qualitative method with participatory observation, the results show that this activity is effective in improving the recitation of the Qur'an of the students. Factors such as direct guidance from the ustadz, a conducive learning atmosphere, and interaction between fellow students play an important role in the success of this program. This research provides an in-depth understanding of the role of Qur'an recitation mentoring in religious education in Indonesia, as well as making important contributions to the development of similar programs in the future.

Abstract. Education plays an important role in shaping a bright and sustainable future, with creative and fun learning as the key to creating an inspiring learning environment. This article examines the event "SEBATIK - Batik Art for Creative Culture" held at the Yayasan Cinta Yatim dan Dhuafa, Cirendeu, South Tangerang on July 20, 2024. This event aims to introduce and preserve batik art, as well as to arouse interest and appreciation for traditional arts among the children of the foundation. With a creative and interactive approach, this workshop teaches basic batik techniques through training and direct practice, and provides appreciation to participants through prizes. The evaluation results show that this activity has succeeded in increasing the creativity and skills of children, as well as strengthening the relationship between the foundation and the community. This workshop also has the potential to open up new business opportunities for foster children, increasing their economic independence in the future. This article presents details of the event implementation, the results achieved, and its impact on participants and the foundation.

This education on preventing early marriage is part of the implementation of the 2023 BKKBN Thematic KKN program which aims to create a community movement aware of stunting and to increase teenagers' knowledge about the factors and risks and increase knowledge about early marriage.  The method for implementing this activity uses a face-to-face seminar method, followed by a discussion and question and answer session.  There were 50 participants in this activity, consisting of 27 male students and 23 female students from class IX MTs Fatahillah.  The results of this activity showed that based on the results of the pretest and pos test scoring, there was an increase in the average score, and based on interviews and observations, all participants were very enthusiastic and expressed that this educational activity really added new knowledge to them.

Abstract. Education plays an important role in shaping a bright and sustainable future, with creative and fun learning as the key to creating an inspiring learning environment. This article examines the event "SEBATIK - Batik Art for Creative Culture" held at the Yayasan Cinta Yatim dan Dhuafa, Cirendeu, South Tangerang on July 20, 2024. This event aims to introduce and preserve batik art, as well as to arouse interest and appreciation for traditional arts among the children of the foundation. With a creative and interactive approach, this workshop teaches basic batik techniques through training and direct practice, and provides appreciation to participants through prizes. The evaluation results show that this activity has succeeded in increasing the creativity and skills of children, as well as strengthening the relationship between the foundation and the community. This workshop also has the potential to open up new business opportunities for foster children, increasing their economic independence in the future. This article presents details of the event implementation, the results achieved, and its impact on participants and the foundation.

This education on preventing early marriage is part of the implementation of the 2023 BKKBN Thematic KKN program which aims to create a community movement aware of stunting and to increase teenagers' knowledge about the factors and risks and increase knowledge about early marriage.  The method for implementing this activity uses a face-to-face seminar method, followed by a discussion and question and answer session.  There were 50 participants in this activity, consisting of 27 male students and 23 female students from class IX MTs Fatahillah.  The results of this activity showed that based on the results of the pretest and pos test scoring, there was an increase in the average score, and based on interviews and observations, all participants were very enthusiastic and expressed that this educational activity really added new knowledge to them.

Post SC patients will complain of pain in the incision area caused by tearing tissue in the abdominal wall and uterine wall. Back pain or pain in the nape is also a complaint commonly felt by post-SC mothers, it is due to the effects of using epidural anesthesia during surgery. But after the operation is complete and the patient begins to regain consciousness, he will feel pain in the part of the body that undergoes surgery. Sectio caesarea surgery has complications of infection, bleeding, injury to the bladder, The purpose of this study was to determine the Comparison of the Effectiveness of aroma therapy lemon and classical music therapy lullaby Against the Pain Scale in Post Partum Mothers after sectio caesarea surgery in the Babusalam Room of Tugu Ibu Hospital in 2023. Research Design Quasi-experimental method is a research method that in its implementation does not use random assignment (random assignment) but by using existing groups. The population in this study is all postoperative caesarean section patients totaling 150 people from caesarean section data from April to May 2023 at Tugu Ibu Hospital. The sample in this study was 30 people divided into 2 intervention groups, each group consisting of 15 people. This study obtained data that before being given therapy, a comparison of post-test pain in the lemon aromatherapy group and lullaby classical music after caesarean section surgery obtained a p value of 0.000, because p > 0.05 it was concluded that there was a significant difference in pain scale after being given lemon aromatherapy therapy and lullaby classical music, which was more effective lemon aroma therapy. Advice For health workers or nurses can apply the administration of Aroma Therapy and Classical Music Therapy to reduce the Pain Scale in Post Partum Mothers after sectio caesarea surgery

Stunting is one of the main health problems in Indonesia which is caused by various factors ranging from poor nutrition to unfavorable socio-economic conditions. This research aims to explore the effectiveness of the Communication, Information, and Education (KIE) program in efforts to reduce stunting rates in this region. The research method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection through observation and document analysis. The research results show that the implementation of the IEC program has a significant role in increasing family knowledge and awareness regarding the importance of nutrition and health as well as child care. Target group data shows significant variations in the number of infants, toddlers, PUS, and pregnant PUS in various sub-districts and villages. These findings emphasize the importance of strategies tailored to the demographic conditions and specific needs of each region. This research concludes that an IEC program that is well designed and adapted to local needs can effectively help reduce stunting rates in West Prabumulih District. These findings provide recommendations for developing a more effective and holistic IEC strategy in efforts to deal with stunting in Indonesia

BPJS Health is a legal entity formed to administer the health insurance program with the aim of protecting the entire community with affordable premiums and providing wider service coverage for the entire community. BPJS health services focus on first level health services (FKTP/first level health facilities). Due to the sensitive nature of health information stored and managed by BPJS Health, it is important to ensure that the information systems used are safe from cyber attacks and data leaks. The stages of a BPJS Health service audit are determining audit objectives, identifying services using the framework, capability level analysis, testing controls and evidence at the capability level, verifying results, and compiling audit results reports and recommendations. Audits carried out for services that focus on Process Domains DSS01 and DSS02. The measurement result is 2.5 because the value rounding index means the results are at level 3 (established process), that is, currently the processes in each process domain have been identified and standardized well so that the library service system is stable for implementation, while the expected level is at level 4 so there is a gap of 1.5. To be able to overcome the existing gap, a recommendation was made, namely to maximize the alignment of Company Operational Standards (SOP) with applicable policies.

The implementation of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has evolved into a crucial business strategy for building consumer trust and enhancing brand loyalty, particularly in the post-pandemic era. This study aims to analyze the impact of CSR on consumer trust and brand loyalty, as well as to evaluate the role of emotional involvement as a moderating variable. Using a quantitative approach and Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), this study collected data from 300 respondents who had interacted with companies actively engaging in CSR programs. The findings indicate that CSR has a positive and significant impact on consumer trust and brand loyalty. Furthermore, emotional involvement strengthens the relationship between CSR and brand loyalty, where consumers with high emotional attachment are more responsive to CSR initiatives. These findings emphasize that CSR is not merely a reputation-building tool but a key factor in fostering long-term consumer relationships. This study provides practical implications for companies to emphasize transparency and authenticity in their CSR practices. Future research is encouraged to adopt a longitudinal approach and explore different industry sectors to better understand the long-term effects of CSR on consumer behavior.