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Abstrak. Kualitas ekonomi di negara-negara Asia dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor sosial, keamanan, dan lingkungan yang kompleks. Penelitian ini menggunakan Generalized Linear Models (GLM), yaitu regresi Poisson dan Binomial Negatif, untuk menganalisis hubungan antara variabel-variabel seperti Governance, Social Capital, Safety and Security, Living Conditions, Education, dan Natural Environment terhadap tingkat kualitas ekonomi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa model Poisson menghadapi keterbatasan karena adanya overdispersion, yang tercermin dari nilai AIC yang tidak terdefinisi dan residual deviance yang relatif tinggi. Sebaliknya, model Binomial Negatif lebih efektif dalam menangani data dengan variansi lebih besar dari rata-rata, menghasilkan nilai residual deviance yang lebih rendah dan AIC yang lebih baik. Dalam model Binomial Negatif, variabel Social Capital terbukti signifikan dengan koefisien yang menunjukkan pengaruh positif terhadap kualitas ekonomi. Penelitian ini menegaskan bahwa model Binomial Negatif lebih cocok untuk memodelkan data kualitas ekonomi di kawasan Asia, dengan Social Capital sebagai variabel yang paling berpengaruh, yang akan memberikan wawasan yang berguna bagi pengambilan kebijakan untuk meningkatkan kualitas ekonomi di kawasan ini.

Industrial policy in Indonesia faces significant challenges in an era of increasingly complex globalization. Globalization brings great opportunities for domestic companies to compete globally, but also poses risks such as economic inequality and unemployment. To address these challenges, the government needs to develop a smart industrial policy that not only encourages sectoral growth but also stimulates cross-sectoral innovation. Selecting imported goods, imposing high import fees on commodities that can already be produced domestically, and providing capital injections to companies with comparative advantages are effective ways to protect local industries from the negative impacts of globalization. Digitalization must also go hand in hand with the implementation of this strategy so that sectors can use digital technology to increase productivity and create new economic opportunities, especially for micro, small, and start-up businesses. Furthermore, Indonesia's economic strength in navigating the problems of globalization may lie in its integration with the creative economy. Indonesia's industrial economy requires creative and innovative human resources so that the creative sector can develop and compete on a global scale.

The digital era has created a generation of digital natives with superior technology adaptability. However, to achieve success in the world of work, soft skills competencies remain an important factor that supports individual success. This study aims to explore the role of soft skills competencies in digital natives in building a successful career. Using a qualitative approach, data was collected through in-depth interviews with young digital native workers in various industry sectors. The results showed that interpersonal communication skills, teamwork, adaptability, and time management were the main elements that contributed to their success. The findings highlight the importance of synergy between technical and soft skills in facing the complex challenges of the world of work. The implications of this study offer insights for organizations to develop training programs that are holistic and support the development of soft skills as part of a human capital capacity building strategy.

Baro Gebang Beach has great potential to develop as a sustainable tourism destination. The main challenge in resource management is combining economic growth with environmental conservation. Fintech is present as an innovative solution to support tourism development in this area, by providing access to capital, community-based funding, and increasing operational efficiency. Through P2P lending, local craftsmen in Baro Gebang Beach can expand their businesses, create new jobs, and increase income. This literature review emphasizes the importance of digital literacy and cross-sector collaboration in creating an inclusive and sustainable tourism ecosystem.

The creative industry holds significant potential in providing economic opportunities, especially for children with special needs (CSN), who often face limitations in independently utilizing their skills after graduating from school. A community service program at SLB 1 Payakumbuh aims to empower CSN through training in creative skills, managerial reinforcement, and product marketing. Using a practice-based approach, this training includes crafting production, graphic design, and introducing digital marketing platforms. The results indicate an improvement in technical skills and self-confidence, enabling CSN to produce high-quality products with competitive market value. Nevertheless, challenges remain, particularly in accessing capital, equipment, and business network support. This program also seeks to connect CSN with local communities and business actors to foster collaborations that support the sustainability of their creative enterprises. Through entrepreneurship training, mentorship, and adequate facilities, CSN are expected to contribute independently to the creative economy while inspiring other communities to empower similar potential.

Company value can show how it performs in running the business. Company size, profitability, age and capital structure can have an effect on company value as proxied by PBV. This study was carried out in order to find out how company size, profitability, age and capital structure affect the value of Food and Baverage companies listed on the IDX during the 2019-2023 period. This study consists of the dependent variable company value, while the independent variables are company size, profitability, age and capital structure. The population used was 32 food and load businesses that were members of the BEI from 2019 to 2023. In this research, data was collected using a purposive sampling method. In this study sample, the research consisted of eleven companies with a total of fifty-five observations. The samples that have been collected are analyzed and processed using multiple linear regression tests. This study has findings that company size and age have an insignificant negative impact on company value, conversely the profitability variable has an insignificant impact on company value and capital structure has a positive impact on company value. 

This study discusses capital structure, company growth, working capital and net sales on profitability listed on the IDX. In the context of increasingly fierce business competition, companies are required to increase revenue and manage resources well to achieve an optimal level of profitability. The purpose of this study is to find and analyze theories that mention the effect of capital structure, company growth, working capital and net sales on profitability. This research uses the literature review method. In this study, researchers present the reasons for other explanatory variables, as well as findings from previous literature. The theories behind this research are agency theory, exchange theory and signal theory. The mapping of other explanatory variables that suggest profitability consists of capital structure, Company growth, working capital and net sales. The results suggest that there are different relationships between capital structure, corporate growth, working capital and net sales on profitability and thus no consensus has been reached. This study provides a detailed illustration based on reality and can help future research using capital structure, firm growth, working capital and net sales on profitability.

This study uses a Qualitative approach by comparing it with a descriptive method through secondary analysis by reviewing various literatures that are in accordance with the topic of discussion taken. This journal article was created with the aim of providing a deeper understanding of Generation Z's investment interests by explaining and presenting them comprehensively.This study reveals that Bibit has succeeded in capturing Generation Z's interest in investing in a simple way and in line with sharia values, without requiring large capital or in-depth financial knowledge. However, this study also highlights limitations, especially regarding the diversity of sharia products and the need for more in-depth training for beginners. The findings show that although Bibit plays an important role as a relevant sharia education and investment platform for Generation Z, there is still room for further development.

Trade liberalization has become an integral part of economic globalization, providing both opportunities and challenges for the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) sector in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the impact of trade liberalization on MSMEs, including the opportunities it creates, the challenges faced, and the adaptive strategies that can be implemented. Using a qualitative approach based on literature reviews, this study explores various references related to the socio-economic impacts and policy implications for the MSME sector. The findings indicate that although trade liberalization opens broader market access and enhances innovation potential, MSMEs face significant challenges such as global competition, limited capital, and compliance with international quality standards. Therefore, inclusive policies and empowerment programs are essential to ensure MSMEs’ sustainability and equitable benefits from trade liberalization.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of capital structure and liquidity on profitability at PT Matahari Department Store Tbk during the 2019-2023 period. A qualitative approach is used in this study. The data used is secondary data in the form of the company's annual financial statements. According to the results of the T test, it shows that the capital structure has a significant influence on profitability of 0.013 (α < 0.05) while liquidity has no significant effect of 0.5944 (α > 0.05). These findings confirm the importance of optimal capital structure management in encouraging company profitability. On the contrary, high liquidity has not been used productively to increase profits. This study recommends an in-depth evaluation of capital and liquidity management strategies to achieve better financial performance.

Islamic education reached its peak during the Abbasid Dynasty, precisely from the eighth to the thirteenth centuries AD. This period is often referred to as the "Islamic Golden Age", during which Baghdad, the capital of the Abbasids, became the center of world knowledge and culture. The purpose of this study is to analyze the glory of Islamic education before the collapse of Baghdad, the factors that caused the collapse of Baghdad, and analyze the impact and efforts to revive Islamic education. The benefits of this article are expected to provide an in-depth understanding of the relationship between the collapse of the center of Islamic civilization and the decline of education, as well as provide relevant historical insights to rebuild the glory of Islamic education in modern times. The author uses a qualitative method with the type of library research, the main sources of data in this research are books and websites relevant to Islamic history, as well as scientific journal articles that discuss Islamic history from various perspectives, both published in national and international journals. The data obtained will be analyzed qualitatively with a descriptive approach to identify the main themes and gain a better understanding of the Decline of Islamic Education: An Analysis of the Impact of the Fall of Baghdad in 1258 AD. The fall of Baghdad in 1258 AD became one of the most tragic events in the history of Islamic civilization, especially in the field of education. The destruction of the city resulted in the loss of educational centers, such as Baitul Hikmah, as well as valuable manuscripts and scientific works. The disconnected scientific tradition and intellectual stagnation are a long-term impact felt by the Islamic world. After the fall of Baghdad, many scholars took an important role in efforts to revitalize Islamic education. They moved to new territories, bringing with them the science and scientific traditions of Baghdad.

In general, products that are bought and sold in the capital market are company ownership rights and company debt statements. Buyers in the capital market can be individuals, institutions or organizations who are willing to set aside funds to invest in the capital market. In securities trading transactions in the capital market, there are two forms of legal protection, namely, preventive legal protection and repressive legal protection through Law Number 8 of 1995 concerning Capital Markets and the connection with the existence of BAPEPDAM (Capital Market Supervisory Agency) which has changed its name to Authority. Financial Services (OJK). However, in practice there are still crimes involved, one of which is cornering the market The cause of cornering the market in the capital market begins with widening stock spreads and increasing share price volatility. However, the Capital Market Law still has weaknesses in terms of handling practices in the form of cornering the market, so it is still considered inadequate. And can optimize the imposition of prison sentences on perpetrators of cornering the market in the capital market as has been implemented by the United States.

Economic growth in Aceh Province is an important issue that shows regional development through the increase in goods and services produced. Based on data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), Aceh's economic growth only reached an average of 3.88% in 2018, far below the national average of 5.01%, which reflects challenges in resource utilization. Inflation in Aceh has experienced significant fluctuations between 1.53% and 8.09% from 2019 to 2023, which has the potential to hinder economic growth. Government expenditure also plays a crucial role in driving growth, where during the 2019-2023 period, the average development budget reached Rp 12.96 trillion, but the budget realization was only around Rp 12.29 trillion. This shows that despite large expenditures, the impact on economic growth has not been significant. In the theory of economic growth, there are various views on the factors that affect growth. Classical theory emphasizes the role of capital, labor, and technology, while Schumpeter's theory highlights innovation as the main key to growth. Inflation can serve as a barrier or driver, depending on economic conditions, while government spending is expected to stimulate economic growth through an increase in aggregate demand. This study uses inferential statistics to analyze the influence of inflation and government spending on Aceh's economic growth during the 2015-2023 period. The results of the analysis show that government spending has a positive and significant influence on economic growth, while inflation does not show a significant influence.

The branch of economics called Islamic monetary policy discusses the nature, function, and impact of monetary policy in a country. Not only the supply and demand of money, this Islamic monetary emphasizes the principles of justice and brotherhood that pursue equality and create equitable distribution of wealth and income. The purpose of this research is to see how the transmission of Islamic monetary policy on the performance of MSMEs in Serang City. To stay competitive or even win the competition, an organization can evaluate its strategy in the face of an ever-changing market. Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are very flexible and resilient to the economy, but they have several limitations such as financial capabilities and human resources. To gain a competitive advantage, MSMEs must be able to determine the right strategy. This research uses a descriptive approach by using observation techniques and interviews with MSME actors in Serang City. Based on the results of the study, it shows that the sharia monetary policy applied to the performance of MSMEs in Serang City is very helpful for business actors by providing access to safe capital, effective money management training, and information technology-based marketing training.

 In this study to see how small to medium-scale farmers face problems when developing beef cattle farming businesses in Perbaungan District, North Sumatra. The research utilised a descriptive survey to collect data through field observations, structured interviews and desk research. The research involved beef cattle farmers from various business scales. Livestock production, feed use and capital constraints were included in the quantitative and descriptive analyses.The results showed that low-quality feed, capital availability and technical knowledge affected livestock productivity in the area. Large-scale farmers use commercial feed to get better results, while small-scale farmers rely more on natural feed. Improved access to high-quality feed, technical training and low-interest business credit are some of the development plans. Thus, to achieve sustainability of the sector, beef cattle enterprise development requires a holistic approach with government support, continuous training and cooperation with relevant institutions.

This research is motivated by the large number of customers who are interested in using pawn products (rahn), this is because people's needs continue to increase for additional business capital, while the funds they have are limited. However, with increasing community needs, pawnshops themselves are not providing optimal services to customers. However, due to the lack of service received by customers, they still choose Rahn products. So, this research aims to find out the factors that influence customer decisions in picking up Rahn products at the Solok City Branch Sharia Pawnshop and to find out the most dominant factors that influence customer decisions in picking up Rahn products at the Solok City Branch Sharia Pawnshop. This research is quantitative research. The data collection tool uses a questionnaire. The population of this research is all customers who use rahn at the Solok branch of the sharia pawnshop in 2024, totaling 18,033 respondents with a sample of 100 respondents. The data analysis technique in this research uses research instrument tests, prerequisite tests and factor analysis tests with the help of SPSS. Based on the results of research that has been carried out, the results show that there are four factors that influence customers' decisions in purchasing rahn products, namely promotional factors, price factors, sharia aspect factors and location factors. Then the most dominant factor of the four factors that influence customers' decisions in taking Rahn products is the price factor.

The capital market provides alternative sources of funding and investment facilities for companies that operate based on the principles contained in the capital market. As an important part of the economic ecosystem, the capital market has a significant impact on the level of economic growth of a country. When the level of investment increases, the economic growth of the country also increases. Conversely, a decrease in investment can have a negative impact on economic growth. Funds offered in the capital market through various corporate actions, such as initial public offerings, issuance of new shares, and issuance of bonds, are considered much more efficient than the funds obtained by companies from bank loans each year

This study aims to analyze the risks and benefits of joint liability financing schemes for groups of companies through a qualitative literature review approach. This financing scheme offers solutions for companies facing capital constraints by enhancing access to credit through collective responsibility. The results of the review indicate that this scheme provides benefits such as increased financing opportunities, mitigation of default risks, and peer monitoring among group members. However, it also presents risks such as overinvestment and moral hazard, where company members may tend to make larger investments or neglect their obligations due to the protection of joint liability. Additionally, the effectiveness of the scheme heavily relies on the group structure, with smaller and more homogeneous groups having lower risks compared to larger and more heterogeneous ones. This study concludes that joint liability financing schemes can be an effective solution if these risks are well-managed through stringent oversight and fair financing policies.

Building a successful entrepreneur mentality is a crucial step that requires time, experience, and a continuous commitment to learning and development. This mentality includes the ability to adapt to changes, manage risks, and maintain focus on long-term goals. Successful entrepreneurs are not only capable of responding to market changes and dynamic business conditions, but they also possess a flexible attitude and resilience in facing failure. Failure, when faced with a positive mindset, can become a valuable lesson that matures an entrepreneur. In the business world, success is not solely determined by external factors such as capital or networks, but also by perseverance, endurance, and an evolving mindset. Every entrepreneur's journey is unique, but a strong and resilient mentality is a key element in achieving long-term goals. Therefore, entrepreneurs need to continuously sharpen their mental capabilities to remain focused, motivated, and able to withstand various business challenges.

This study aims to analyze the effect of capital expenditure and Human Development Index (HDI) on economic growth in Indonesia. Using time series data from 2011 to 2023 sourced from Indonesia's Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), this study applies the multiple linear regression method using the Eviews 10 program. The results show that capital expenditure has a positive and significant influence on economic growth, while HDI has a positive but insignificant influence. Simultaneously, these two variables contribute significantly to economic growth with an R-squared value of 60.14%. This study emphasizes the importance of efficient capital expenditure management and efforts to improve the quality of human resources to support inclusive and sustainable economic growth.