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The method used in this paper, when viewed from the nature of exploration is applied research, from the nature of explanation is non-causality research, and the method used is qualitative method.  The purpose of this paper is to introduce a path analysis research model. Path analysis research is widely used in social sciences such as business economics, management sciences and also in general education sciences.  By introducing this type of path analysis research model, the authors hope, this model can be used  by students and lecturers in Christian higher education. The path analysis research model includes applied research, where the relationship between causality variables and quantitative data processing and collection methods.  The path analysis research model can answer the direct influence or indirect influence of exogenous variables on endogenous variables; In contrast to regression models that only answer the direct influence of exogenous variables on endogenous variables. Path analysis research models are classified into: moderation model, mediation model and combined model of mediation moderation (modmed).  In the moderation model, in addition to exogenous variables and endogenous variables, there are also moderation variables.  In the moderation path analysis model, it is assumed that the moderation variable reinforces the influence of exogenous variables on endogenous variables. While in the mediation model there are exogenous variables, endogenous variables and mediation variables.  In the mediation model, the mediating variable is assumed to function to make the influence of exogenous variables on endogenous variables significant.  While the combined model (modmed) is a combination of moderation and mediation models.      

This study is grounded in the importance of equipping prospective teachers with professional competencies required in the digital era. The Kampus Mengajar program provides students with practical teaching experiences through direct involvement in schools, while mastery of TPACK is essential for designing instruction that aligns with contemporary educational demands. The purpose of this research is to examine the influence of participation in the Kampus Mengajar program and TPACK mastery on the teaching readiness of students in the Faculty of Pedagogy and Psychology at Universitas PGRI Wiranegara. The study adopts the TPACK framework, which integrates content, pedagogy, and technology. Using a quantitative associative design, the research involved 86 respondents from cohorts 5 to 8 of Kampus Mengajar participants. Data were analyzed through multiple linear regression. The findings indicate that participation in the Kampus Mengajar program has a positive and significant effect on teaching readiness (t = 3.132 > t-table 1.989; sig. = 0.002). Likewise, TPACK mastery significantly influences teaching readiness (t = 8.520; sig. = 0.000). Simultaneously, both variables show a significant effect on teaching readiness (F = 103.752 > F-table 3.105; sig. = 0.000). The study concludes that engagement in Kampus Mengajar and TPACK competence, both individually and jointly, contribute to preparing students for the teaching profession. These results highlight the need for higher education institutions to strengthen practical programs and foster the integration of pedagogy and technology in teacher education.

Employee performance plays a crucial role in ensurin the achievement of organizational goals while maintaining the continuity of company operations. Optimal performance reflects the quality of human resources as well as the effectiveness of internal managerial practices. This study aims to analyze the influence of work discipline and intrinsic motivation on employee performance at PT. XYZ. Data were collected through observation and questionnaires, involving 40 employees using a total sampling technique. Data analysis included validity and reliabilityitests, classical assumptionitests, multiple linear regression, partialitests, simultaneous tests, and the coefficient of determination (R²), assisted by SPSS version 27. The results indicate that work discipline (X1) does not significantly affect employee performance, with a significance value of 0.578 > 0.05 and a t-value of 0.561 < 2.026. Meanwhile, intrinsic motivation (X2) has a positive and significant effect on performance, with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05 and a t-value of 9.004 > 2.026. The F-test yielded a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05 and an F-value of 59.968 > 3.35. These findings highlight the importance of enhancing intrinsic motivation to achieve optimal performance and suggest further research to explore additional variables, providing a foundation for both management and future researchers in developing sustainable, consistent, and comprehensive employee performance strategies.

This study aims to analyze the effect of training on the performance of regional innovation data entry in Boyolali Regency in 2024 through the BI-SMART system. The population of this research consisted of 83 civil servants (ASN) serving as BI-SMART application operators, with a sample of 30 ASNs selected using purposive sampling. A quantitative approach was employed using a Likert-scale questionnaire, which was tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis was performed using simple linear regression preceded by classical assumption tests (normality and heteroskedasticity tests). The results show that training has a positive and significant effect on the performance of innovation data entry, as evidenced by a t-value of 4.721 and a significance level of 0.000 (<0.05). These findings confirm that structured and practical training can improve the accuracy, completeness, and timeliness of data entry. The study contributes theoretically by strengthening the concepts of transfer of training, adult learning, and Kirkpatrick’s evaluation model, while practically providing strategic recommendations for the Boyolali Regency Government in designing more effective training programs to support data-driven regional innovation governance.

This study aims to analyze the effect of changes in interest rates, exchange rates, economic growth, and world oil prices on stock returns in the transportation and logistics sector in Indonesia during the period 2006–2024. This sector was chosen because it is highly vulnerable to fluctuations in macroeconomic factors that have a direct impact on companies' operating costs and financial performance. The method used is multiple linear regression with an annual panel data approach, using a sample of transportation and logistics companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The independent variables include changes in interest rates, exchange rates, economic growth, and oil prices, while the dependent variable is stock returns. The results show that, partially, only changes in interest rates have a significant negative effect on stock returns. Conversely, exchange rates, economic growth, and oil prices have no statistically significant effect. Simultaneously, these four variables also show no significant effect on stock returns. This study makes a new contribution through the use of a long observation period and a focus on the transportation and logistics sector, thereby providing a deeper understanding of this sector's sensitivity to macroeconomic conditions.

Taxes serve as the primary source of state revenue and a crucial component in financing national development through the State Budget (APBN). This study examines the determinants of individual taxpayer compliance within the Klaten Primary Tax Office (KPP) in Central Java, with particular emphasis on the influence of awareness, comprehension of regulations, and understanding of tax sanctions. The research method uses a quantitative associative approach. Primary data were obtained by distributing questionnaires to 100 respondents using a nonprobability sampling technique, using the accidental sampling method. The data was analyzed using multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS software. The results show that awareness, understanding of regulations, and comprehension of tax sanctions have a statistically significant effect on individual taxpayer compliance, both partially and simultaneously. The adjusted R value illustrates the model's ability to explain the data at 64.7%. To improve taxpayer compliance, tax authorities are advised to routinely conduct sustainable and easily accessible tax education programs, enforce tax sanctions consistently and transparently, and be supported by awareness campaigns for taxpayers in fulfilling their responsibilities to the state.

The aim of this research is to determine the influence of the Games Based Learning Model on the Learning Activeness of Class The research method used is a quantitative method with a descriptive inferential type. The population was 182 students of Class Data was collected using a closed questionnaire with 14 items for variable Y and 18 items for variable 2025 is shown through: 1) Test analysis requirements: a) positive relationship test obtained rxy = 0,308 > rtabel(α=0,05; IK=95%; n=49) = 0,281.  b) a significant relationship test is obtained from the value thitung = 2,222 > ttabel = 2,021. 2) influence test: a) regression equation test, obtained the regression equation Ŷ  = 42,221  (α) + 0,365 (X).  b) regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 9,5%. 3hypothesis testing using Fhitung  > Ftabel=(α=0,05,dk pembilang n-1=48, dk penyebut=n-2=49-2=47) yaitu 4,938 > 1,620.Thus H0 is stating there is no influence is rejected and Ha which states there is an influence is accepted.  

The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not there is an effect of teacher pedagogical competence on the learning achievement of class XI students at SMK Negeri 1 Siatas Barita. The method used in this research is the quantitative research method with an infeireinsiial statistical approach. The population is the total number of students in class XI of SMK Negeri 1 Siatas Barita which amounts to 426 people and a sample of 65 is determined using random sampling technique. Data were collected with a closed questionnaire of 31 items. From the validity test obtained rxy for variable X questionnaire, namely item number 1 to item number 31, it is known that 29 items are valid because rcount (between 0.323 to 0.624) > rtable = 0.312 and 2 items are invalid because rcount (0.177 to 0.269) < rtable = 0.312 (item numbers 4 and 13). The results of data analysis show that there is a positive and significant influence of teachers' pedagogical competence on the learning achievement of class XI students at SMK Negeri 1 Siatas Barita as evidenced by the following data analysis: 1) Analysis requirements test: a) positive relationship test obtained rxy value = 0.536 > rtable (α=0.05, n=65) = 0.244 thus it is known that there is a positive relationship between variable X and variable Y. b) significant relationship test obtained Thitung value = 5.045 > table (α=0.05, dk=n-2=63) = 2.000 thus there is a significant relationship between variable X and variable Y. 2) Effect test: a) Regression equation test, obtained regression equation Y ̂ = “66.265”+0.184X. b) Regression determination coefficient test (r2) = 28.8%. 3) Hypothesis testing using the F test obtained Fhitung> Ftabel, namely 25.457> 4.00. So it can be concluded that the teacher's pedagogical competence has a positive and significant effect on the learning achievement of class XI students at SMK Negeri 1 Siatas Barita.

Increasingly tight business competition, the performance of Human Resources owned by employees is required to continue to improve, in order to create human resources as assets whose productivity must be increased, to achieve this, the company must be able to create conditions that can encourage and enable comfort to develop and improve the abilities and skills they have optimally, one of the efforts that can be taken by the company to achieve these conditions is by providing incentives and a good work environment. The purpose of this research is to determine and analyze the influence of incentives and work environment on employee performance at PT Pentasari Pranakarya Semarang, which is located at Jl. Tambakaji I, No.1, Tambakaji Village, Ngaliyan District, Semarang City. The variables studied are the independent variables consisting of incentives and work environment. The dependent variable is employee performance. The sampling technique uses a saturated sample or census, namely taking the entire population as a sample, as many as 182 employees. The data collection method uses a questionnaire, then the respondents' answers are scored using a Likert scale. The data analysis used in this method is multiple linear regression. The research results can be concluded that: 1). Incentives do not have a significant effect on the performance of PT Pentasari Pranakarya employees, 2). The work environment does not have a significant effect on the performance of PT Pentasari Pranakarya employees. 3). Incentives and work environment together have no effect on the performance of PT Pentasari Pranakarya employees.

This study aims to examine and analyze the effect of labor costs and feed costs on the income of broiler chicken farming businesses in Sikka Regency. The background of this research is based on the fact that labor costs and feed costs are the largest expense components in broiler chicken farming, thus it is necessary to investigate their contribution to farmers’ income. This research applies a quantitative approach with a causal design to identify cause-and-effect relationships between variables. The population of the study consisted of 78 broiler chicken farming businesses in Sikka Regency, with the purposive sampling technique applied to determine the sample. Data were collected through documentation techniques within the observation period of 2022–2024. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression with the aid of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. The results show that partially, labor costs have a significant effect on business income, indicating that the more efficient the management of labor, the higher the income generated. Feed costs also have a significant effect on business income, as feed is the main factor determining the growth quality of broiler chickens. Simultaneously, labor costs and feed costs significantly influence the income of broiler chicken farming businesses in Sikka Regency. These findings emphasize the importance of cost efficiency in the management of broiler chicken farming businesses to increase income and strengthen the competitiveness of local farmers amid the increasingly competitive poultry industry.

This study aims to analyze the influence of work environment and motivation on employee performance at the Gulkarmat Training Center in East Jakarta. The research sample consisted of 40 respondents taken using census techniques. Data were collected through a questionnaire using a Likert scale and analyzed with SPSS 27 using validity tests, reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, t-tests, F-tests, and coefficients of determination. The results of the study indicate that partially, the work environment has a positive and significant effect on employee performance with a value of t count = 4.839 > t table = 2.021 and a significance of 0.000 < 0.05. Motivation also has a positive and significant effect on employee performance with t count = 4.840 > t table = 2.026 and a significance of 0.000 < 0.05. Simultaneously, the work environment and motivation have a significant effect on employee performance with F count = 151.448 > F table = 3.25 and a significance of 0.000 < 0.05. The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.891 shows that 89.1% of employee performance variation is influenced by the work environment and motivation, while the remaining 10.9% is influenced by other factors outside this research model.  

This study aims to analyze the influence of profitability, capital structure, and firm size on firm value in the food and beverage sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period 2019–2023. Profitability is measured using Return on Assets (ROA), capital structure using the Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), firm size using total assets, and firm value using the Price to Book Value (PBV). The sample was selected through a purposive sampling method based on specific criteria, resulting in 160 firm observations. The study uses secondary data obtained from the companies’ annual financial reports published by the IDX. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software, including descriptive statistics, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis testing. The results indicate that profitability has a positive and significant effect on firm value, meaning that companies with higher profitability tend to have higher firm value. Firm size also shows a positive and significant effect on firm value, suggesting that larger companies with greater total assets tend to achieve higher market valuation. However, capital structure does not have a significant effect on firm value, implying that the balance between debt and equity is not necessarily a key determinant of market value for companies in this sector.

The aim of this research is to determine the influence of Christian Religious Education Teachers' Personality Competencies and Character on the Behavior of Class VII students at SMP Negeri 3 Lintongnihuta for the 2023/2024 academic year. The research method used is a quantitative method with a descriptive and inferential approach. The population is all class VII students of SMP N 3 Lintongnihuta, North Tapanuli Regency for the 2023/2024 academic year, 164 of whom are Protestant Christians and a sample of 41 people was determined using random sampling techniques. Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 30 items, namely 15 items for variable 2023/2024, proven through the following data analysis: 1) Test the analysis requirements: a) positive relationship test obtained rxy = 0.518 > rtable(a=0.05,n=41) = 0.316. b) Testing a significant relationship obtained tcount= 3.782 > ttable(a=0.05, dk=n-2=39)= 2.021. 2) Test the effect: a) Test the regression equation, obtained the regression equation Y ̂="21.17"+0.58X. b) Regression coefficient of determination test (r2) = 26.8%. 3) Test the hypothesis using the F test to obtain Fcount > Ftable=(a=0.05, dk numerator k=15, dk denominator=n-2=41-2=39) namely 14.26 > 1.92. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected.

This research aims to examine and analyze the influence of peers, financial literacy, and financial inclusion on saving behavior with saving motives as an intervening variable. This research is a quantitative study with a descriptive approach. The population in this study consists of all KIP Kuliah scholarship recipient students at Slamet Riyadi University Surakarta. The sampling technique used purposive sampling method using the Slovin formula. The sample in this study consists of KIP Kuliah scholarship recipient students at Slamet Riyadi University Surakarta with the provision that the respondents concerned are in accordance with the author's criteria. The sample in this study amounted to 85 respondents. The data collection method used questionnaires distributed directly. The data used in the research is primary data collected through questionnaire surveys. Data analysis used multiple linear regression analysis and path analysis. The research results show: 1) Peers (X1), Financial literacy (X2), Financial Inclusion (X3) and Saving Motives (Z) have a positive and significant effect on Saving behavior, 2) Peers (X1), Financial literacy (X2), Financial Inclusion (X3) have a positive and significant effect on Saving Motives. 3) Financial literacy (X2) and Financial Inclusion (X3) have a positive and significant effect on Saving behavior mediated by Saving Motives. 4) Saving Motives are unable to mediate the influence of Peers on Saving Behavior

This study aims to analyze the influence of emotional intelligence, work discipline, and job commitment on employee productivity at DP3AP2KB Kota Kediri. The research employed a quantitative approach with a population of 45 employees, all of whom were included as the sample using a saturated sampling technique. The research instrument was a five-point Likert-scale questionnaire tested for validity and reliability. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression with the aid of SPSS version 25, preceded by validity, reliability, and classical assumption tests (normality, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity). The results indicate that emotional intelligence has a significant partial effect on employee productivity, while work discipline and job commitment show no significant effect. However, simultaneously, the three independent variables significantly affect productivity with an Adjusted R² value of 0.846. These findings highlight that emotional intelligence is the dominant factor influencing productivity, whereas work discipline and job commitment function more as basic requirements already embedded within bureaucratic systems. The practical implication of this study suggests the need for soft skill development programs, emotional management training, and the improvement of employees’ interpersonal skills to enhance productivity in the public sector.

This study aims to analyze the influence of Good Corporate Governance (GCG) principles on the financial performance of Koperasi Pemasaran Trangsan Manunggal Jaya, including transparency, accountability, responsibility, independence, and fairness. Data were collected through questionnaires, observations, and literature studies involving 46 respondents knowledgeable about GCG implementation within the cooperative. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression, t-test, F-test, and coefficient of determination (R²). The results show that transparency, accountability, and responsibility have a significant effect on financial performance, while independence and fairness do not. The regression model is statistically significant, with an R² value of 0.549, indicating that the independent variables explain 52.8% of the variation in financial performance, while the remaining 47.2% is influenced by other factors outside the model, such as work environment, company size, market competition, operational costs, and working capital

This research aimed to determine the influence of human resource competence, accounting information systems, and internal control systems on financial performance at Obor Mas Credit Union. The research used a quantitative approach with a population of 110 permanent employees of Obor Mas Credit Union, while the sample was determined to be 52 respondents using the Slovin formula. Data were obtained through questionnaires distributed to respondents and processed using multiple linear regression analysis with the aid of statistical software. The research results indicated that human resource competence, accounting information systems, and internal control systems, both partially and simultaneously, did not have a significant impact on cooperative financial performance. This finding confirmed that improved financial performance was not solely determined by these three internal factors but rather requires more comprehensive strategic planning and managerial policies. This research was expected to contribute theoretically to the development of accounting science and serve as a practical consideration for credit union managers in improving the effectiveness of financial management.

The rapid environmental degradation currently compels governments and organizations to implement effective preventive measures. This study highlights the urgent need for the implementation of Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) practices and Personal Moral Norms in enhancing Employee Green Behavior within the banking sector. As governments adopt policies related to GHRM, Personal Moral Norms, and Employee Green Behavior, banks, as financial institutions, play a strategic role in promoting sustainability. The objective of this research is to analyze the effects of GHRM and Personal Moral Norms on Employee Green Behavior in the banking sector. A quantitative approach was employed, utilizing a descriptive and associative research design, involving 92 employees from the studied bank branch, with a sampling technique using a census method. Data analysis was conducted using validity and reliability tests, as well as multiple regression analysis with the aid of SPSS 24. The results indicate that GHRM and Personal Moral Norms significantly influence Employee Green Behavior, contributing to 97.8% of the variance in environmentally friendly behavior. These findings provide new insights into the importance of integrating Green values into human resource management and underscore the necessity for banks to adopt policies that support environmental sustainability. This research is expected to serve as a reference for banking institutions in formulating more effective strategies to enhance environmental awareness among employees.

Profitability is a key indicator in assessing a company’s financial performance, particularly in the personal care industry listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). This study aims to analyze the effect of Return on Assets (ROA), Return on Equity (ROE), and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) on profitability as measured by Net Profit Margin (NPM). The research employed a quantitative approach using multiple linear regression analysis based on the financial statements of personal care companies for the 2021–2024 period. The findings reveal that ROA has a positive and significant effect on NPM, indicating that the more efficiently a company manages its assets, the higher the net profit margin achieved. Meanwhile, ROE and DER show no significant effect on NPM, implying that shareholder equity returns and debt utilization in the capital structure have not directly enhanced net profitability. These results suggest that optimal asset management is a crucial factor in improving the financial performance of personal care companies.

This study aims to examine the influence of Brand trust (X1), Taste (X2), and Product Innovation (X3) on Consumer Purchase Intention (Y) at CFC Stasiun Kediri. The research adopts a quantitative approach with data collected through questionnaires and processed using SPSS 25. The sample was determined using purposive sampling and the Hair et al. formula, resulting in a total of 105 respondents. The analytical techniques employed include Validity Test, Reliability Test, Classical Assumption Test, Multiple Linear Regression Analysis, t-test, F-test, and Coefficient of Determination (R²). The results show that Brand trust has a significant effect on consumer purchase intention at CFC Stasiun Kediri with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. Taste has a significant effect on consumer purchase intention with a significance value of 0.008 < 0.05. Product Innovation also has a significant effect on consumer purchase intention with a significance value of 0.000 < 0.05. Furthermore, Brand trust, Taste, and Product Innovation simultaneously have a significant effect on consumer purchase intention at CFC Stasiun Kediri.