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The aim of this research is to find out how children's purchasing habits in Mayangan Village, Panggung Rejo District, Pasuruan City are influenced by the family's economic situation and level of education. Many factors, such as parents' education level and family financial situation, can influence children's consumption habits and preferences for products and services. One hundred respondents who were parents and children in Mayangan Village were given questionnaires and survey methodology as part of the quantitative methodology used in this research. Based on the study's findings, children's purchasing habits are strongly influenced by their parents' level of education, and more educated parents often have a greater awareness of the importance of controlling consumption and how it affects children's lifestyles. Children's consumption levels can also be influenced by the economic circumstances of their families; families with higher incomes are more likely to meet their children's consumption needs, while families with lower incomes usually have tighter spending controls. Therefore, it is hoped that the government and society will pay more attention to improving the quality of education and the economic conditions of families in order to create a generation that is wiser in managing consumption and their needs. This research concludes that the two factors, namely the level of parental education and the family's economic conditions, have a significant influence on children's consumer behavior.

Prayer which is a medium of worship between a servant and the Creator should be interpreted more deeply. Special attention is needed to understand the meaning of prayer readings when carrying it out. A person will be more solemn when performing prayers if they know what the meaning is that they are always reading. This study aims to describe the purpose and learning model of translating prayers and dhikr prayer readings at SD Islam Khoiru Ummah Malang. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study type of research. The data collection techniques used are observation, in-depth interviews with research subjects, and documentation. The data obtained was then analyzed using three techniques, namely pattern matching, making explanations and time series analysis (Yin, 2009). The results obtained are, first, the purpose of learning to translate dhikr and prayer readings at SD Islam Khoiru Ummah is so that students are not only able to memorize prayer readings, but also understand the meaning contained in this noble prayer practice. Second, the learning model used is a conventional model with a teacher-centered approach and expository strategy. Teachers become learning centers with lecture and drill methods to ensure that the material is absorbed in students' memories.

We as humans often skip our cell phones and use them for too long as they are always around us and a part of our lives. Excessive and improper use of cell phones, however, can cause various negative impacts, one of which is a decline in health. Cell phones emit radio frequencies when in use, which produces excessive radiation that can cause many side effects, such as disrupting sleep patterns and sleep quality. This study aims to determine how cell phone radiation affects the human body when falling asleep. This research was conducted using a qualitative method, using a descriptive approach and analyzing previous literature. The results showed that exposure to electromagnetic radiation from cell phones can affect a person's sleep quality, especially for those who use them too often. The level of influence is different for each person, but this radiation is not strong enough to cause serious effects like X-rays because it is not ionized. Nevertheless, it can cause sleep problems and headaches. It is recommended to keep a safe distance from cell phones while sleeping and limit cell phone use before bedtime to reduce the risk.

This study explores the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in education, particularly in supporting personalized learning. AI presents new opportunities through adaptive learning platforms, virtual tutors, and intelligent assessment systems that have the potential to revolutionize teaching and learning methods. By conducting in-depth data analysis, AI can identify student performance patterns and provide tailored recommendations, enabling educators to deliver more targeted interventions. Furthermore, personalized learning plays a crucial role in enhancing student motivation and engagement by customizing learning experiences to meet individual needs and learning styles. This study aims to implement personalized learning strategies in educational settings and offers insights into best practices for their integration. It also examines their impact on student engagement and academic achievement. The findings highlight the importance of personalized learning in fostering an inclusive and effective educational environment. By leveraging AI, educators can optimize learning, empower students, and address achievement gaps. This study provides practical recommendations for educators and policymakers to implement AI-based learning strategies effectively.

The study aimed to analyze cases of management in hypertensive patients with a therapeutic intervention of lemongrass warm foot bath on the reduction of blood pressure. The writing design used is a case report. Participants in the preparation of case reports with medical diagnosis of hypertension, The focus of the study in this study is clients with nursing and diagnosis problems, namely clients who experience increased blood pressure with hypertension. The research instruments used were observation of blood pressure of hypertension patients and nursing care reports. The research was carried out at RW 24 Batursari, Mranggen Demak. The time for data collection is for the first and second patients on November 5, 2024 – November 07, 2024 with the length of data collection time to be carried out on patients, which is a minimum of 3 days of treatment. Based on the results of the final evaluation on both subjects, all of these diagnoses were successfully resolved. Diagnoses that were successfully completed in the first subjects included acute pain, impaired physical mobility, knowledge deficit, and risk of falls. Meanwhile, the diagnoses that were successfully overcome in the second subject were acute pain, sleep pattern disorders, knowledge deficits, and spiritual distress.

This study aims to explore the root growth patterns of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cultivated in a polybag system, and examine the implications for nutrient absorption efficiency and plant survival. The method used was a systematic literature review, with narrative analysis of recent studies in the last five years. Data were analyzed to identify the relationship between root architecture, growing medium, and nutrient absorption efficiency.  The results showed that the polybag system, with its limited root growing space, promoted adaptation of root growth patterns, including an increase in lateral root density and a reduction in primary root length. Coconut fiber- and vermiculite-based growing media were shown to increase nutrient absorption capacity by up to 30%, while inoculation of rhizosphere microorganisms, such as mycorrhiza, increased phosphorus use efficiency by up to 25%. In addition, optimal root zone temperature plays an important role in supporting root metabolic activities.  The conclusion of this study confirms that optimizing root growth patterns through growing media, temperature management, and utilization of microorganisms can significantly increase the productivity of cucumber plants. These findings provide a basis for developing more efficient and sustainable cultivation strategies in modern horticultural systems. 

Ready To Wear Fantasy Knight Princess The combination of Batik through Aesthetic Studies in Japanese Culture was taken because it was inspired by anime, manga and other stories in Japanese culture with a storyline of a tough princess. That is why the author interested in making a dress that suits the heroine. Even though, it has a simple design and beautiful batik motif but the clothes worn were suitable with the chivalrous spirit. Uniting Indonesian culture with Japanese culture by having aesthetic value on batik motifs. Making Ready To Wear Fantasy Princess Knight has the aim of knowing the suitable of batik motifs into fantasy clothing. This study used a qualitative method which described descriptively. Making Ready To Wear fantasy has the same steps of making clothing as other clothing manufactures. The process of making clothing includes, 1) determining the design, 2) preparing tools and materials, 3) applying measurements, 4) making basic patterns, 5) cutting materials, 6) painting fabrics, 7) merging materials, 8) ironing upholstery, 9 ) sewing clothes, and finishing to become the desired clothing. The process of making tasel ropes in ready to wear fantasy needs to be stretched one by one so that it gets neat results. Besides, when making cloth painting in the ironing process it must be at normal temperature and covered with fabric.

This research aims to examine the use of loan words as teaching material for Indonesian Language for Foreign Speakers (BIPA) in mastering vocabulary. This research is motivated by the development of the Indonesian language, one of the processes of which is through loanwords. Data was obtained from various sources such as scientific journals, books and relevant articles. Data analysis was carried out qualitatively with a focus on identifying main themes, patterns and relationships between various variables in the literature that had been collected. The results of the research show that loan words can be used as BIPA teaching materials which are useful for facilitating understanding and enriching vocabulary for BIPA learners. Loan words originating from various languages such as Arabic, Dutch, English, Sanskrit, Portuguese, French, Chinese, Japanese, Persian, Greek, Hindi and others are proof that Indonesian is adaptive and open to other languages. The strategies used for BIPA learning using loanwords include cognitive approaches, use in daily conversations, introduction to grammatical concepts, and approaches to daily contexts, academic use, and use in the field of technology.

This study explores the integration of facial recognition and GPS technology to enhance attendance management systems in educational institutions. By employing a two-layer verification process that combines face validation and location validation, the proposed system addresses common challenges of traditional attendance methods, such as proxy attendance and inefficient data management. The system not only improves accuracy and security but also provides valuable insights into attendance patterns through location-based analytics. Despite its advantages, the research highlights the need to address challenges related to data privacy, security, and user acceptance for successful implementation. Overall, this study contributes to the development of modern attendance management solutions, demonstrating the potential for increased efficiency and effectiveness in educational environments.

Development is the increasing ability of the body to structure and function more complexly, in an orderly and predictable pattern. One of the aspects that assist the adequacy of child development is parents' support. One of the factors that influence the development of toddlers is stimulation. Stimulation is trigger that comes from the child's external environment. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between maternal stimulation and the development of pre-school children aged 3-5 years. This research is a correlational analytic study with a cross sectional approach. They were taken using a complete sampling approach on a population of 30 persons and a sample of 30 people. The research instrument used was a questionnaire. The frequency distribution is used for univariate data analysis, and the Fisher’s Exact Test alternative is used for bivariate data analysis. The result showed that 22 mothers provided good stimulation and 8 mothers gave less stimulation. From the results of the KPSP, it showed that there were 20 children with appropriate development, 4 children with doubts, and 6 children with deviations. Based on the Fisher’s Exact Test alternative, it was known that the P value is 0.000 with α 0.05. Because the significance value is <α, then H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, indicating that there is a correlation between stimulation and the development of pre-school children aged 3-5 years in KB RA Umi Sundari Kraksaan, Probolinggo Regency. It is hoped that the results of this study would help parents who have children give adequate stimulation for their children's growth.

Gadgets greatly impact the pattern of human life both in terms of mindset, taste patterns and behavior patterns. The use of gadgets in everyday life does not only have an impact on the thoughts, feelings and behavior of adults, but children are also not spared from its impact. Child attachment early in life can be directed at someone who has nothing to do with child rearing, but it can happen tosomeone the child chooses as the object of attachment. The purpose of this study was to find out whether there is a correlation between people's attachment to early childhood gadget addiction at Early Childhood Education. This research is a descriptive research. Total population of 30 people. A sample of 30 people was taken by total sampling technique. The research instruments used were the IPPA questionnaire and the smartphone addiction test questionnaire for mobile motoring. Bivariate analysis using the Chi Square Statistical Test. The results showed that the respondents had high attachment to their parents, namely 16 children (53.3%), moderate attachment of 7 children (23.3%), and low attachment of 7 children (23.3%). From the results of the smartphone addiction test questionnaire for mobile motoring, it was found that 15 children (50.0%) were not dependent on gadgets, 4 children had mild dependence (13.3%), 3 children were moderately addicted (10.0), and 8 children were addicted. (26.7%). Based on the Chi Square test, it is known that the P Value is 0.004 with α 0.05. Because the significance value is < α, H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, which means that there is a correlation between parents and early childhood attachment to gadget addiction at PAUD Intan, Asembagus village kraksaan. It is hoped that the results of this research can be used as input for parents regarding the importance of accompanying children so that children do not experience gadget addiction.

This study explores the marketing strategies used by traders in Pasar Besar, Pasuruan City in dealing with changes in consumer behavior in the digital era. Data were obtained through semi-structured interviews and questionnaires, involving traders representing various types of products and marketing methods. Analysis was conducted qualitatively to explore key themes and quantitatively to identify patterns and trends. The results show that traditional marketing (direct selling) is still relevant because direct interaction creates emotional connections and increases buyer loyalty. However, this approach faces challenges due to the shift in buyer preferences to online shopping. Meanwhile, online marketing offers wider market reach, cost efficiency, and time flexibility, although its success is highly dependent on promotional capabilities and delivery management. The combination of traditional and online strategies has proven effective in reaching various buyer segments, providing significant sales increases. This approach requires careful planning to optimize the benefits of both methods without increasing operational costs. By understanding market needs and adjusting strategies, traders can maximize the potential of both approaches to achieve success amidst changing times.

Academic supervision plays a strategic role in ensuring the quality of learning in educational institutions, including at YLA Cibadak Vocational School. This research aims to explore the role of academic supervision in improving the quality of learning through a collaboration-oriented approach, developing teacher competence, and pedagogical innovation. Using descriptive qualitative research methods, data was obtained through observation, in-depth interviews, and analysis of supervision documents. The research results show that effective academic supervision not only functions as an evaluation tool, but also as a medium for educational transformation that involves teachers as strategic partners. The main findings underline the importance of two-way communication patterns, preparing needs-based follow-up plans, and empowering teachers through ongoing training and mentoring. This research recommends a supervision model based on empathy and local contextualization that is able to answer the unique needs of SMK YLA Cibadak, as well as being an inspiration for other institutions. With this approach, academic supervision can be a driving force in creating a dynamic, adaptive and quality-oriented learning ecosystem.

Batik Banten Mukarnas is a company that produces stamped batik designs with various patterns and varieties of batik. Problems frequently arise in the company due to increased stamped batik production capacity to meet the demand for stamped batik design products, which continues to rise from stamped batik suppliers. Another impact of growing demand capacity is the high number of defects in stamped batik cloth products, because overall, the company's management, including human resources, tools, and methods, is not prepared for the increase in production capacity to meet the surge in consumer demand, resulting in an impact on the quality of the products produced—consequently, the organization endeavors to regulate the quality of stamped batik cloth at PT. Batik Banten Mukarnas establishes objectives that employ Six Sigma with the DMAIC method (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control) in the production of batik stamp designs to meet production objectives. The results of the data processing that has been done obtained a sigma value before improvement for 3 CTQ of 3.54. After improvement, the sigma value increased to 3.86. While for the sigma value before improvement for 1 CTQ of 3.04, the sigma value increased to 3.42 after improvement. The factors contributing to defective products, as illustrated by the fishbone diagram, include methods, personnel, materials, machinery, and environmental conditions. The division leader consistently oversees and regulates operations, enhances the number of brushes, and trains operators to ensure proficient adherence to standard operating procedures (SOP).

Hemophilia is a genetic disorder resulting from impaired blood clotting. This disorder can be caused by coagulation factor abnormalities due to a deficiency of clotting factors, including vitamin K. A lack of vitamin K disrupts the coagulation process, increasing the tendency for bleeding. This article aims to determine whether there is an influence of vitamin K levels on the blood clotting factors in hemophilia patients. Searching any information needed by analyzing kinds of papers of recent research from the year of 2014 until 2024. Online databases like PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Scopus, and ResearchGate  are utilized by inserting relevant keywords, such as hemophilia, blood clotting factors, vitamin K deficiency and extraction. From 10 articles reviewed, a relationship was identified between vitamin K levels and blood clotting factors in hemophilia patients. Individuals with severe hemophilia experience bleeding episodes characterized by delayed onset, as well as bleeding into muscles, joints, and other internal structures, including the brain. Hemophilia is typically diagnosed through the identification of low or absent levels of FVIII:C or FIX:C. The genes encoding FVIII and FIX are located on the long arm of the X chromosome. Hemophilia A and B are the only hereditary clotting disorders inherited in a sex-linked recessive pattern. Vitamin K levels can influence the blood clotting factors in hemophilia patients, particularly those factors synthesized artificially.