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Fuel is one of the important components in fishing activities. The cost incurred by fishermen for fuel is estimated to reach 60-70% of the total operational costs of fishing. Fluctuations in fuel prices felt by fishermen will have an impact on the sustainability of fishing activities, especially in the economic aspect, because fuel is one of the most important factors to support fishermen's activities. This study aims to analyze the survival strategies of small fishermen in meeting their living needs after the increase in fuel prices in Environment II, Pandan Village, Pandan District. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach. Data collection techniques are carried out by literature studies, observations, interviews and documentation. The main informants in this study were five small fishermen, the key informant was the Head of Pandan Village, and an additional informant was one of the surrounding communities. The data obtained in the field were analyzed qualitatively to obtain conclusions. The results of the study show that small fishermen in Environment II, Pandan Village, carried out several survival strategies to meet their living needs after the increase in fuel prices, namely, diversifying livelihoods, diversifying fishing gear, extending working hours, involving wives in work, minimizing expenses, borrowing money from family and neighbors, and relying on assistance provided by the government.

The doctrine of the Holy Spirit or Pneumatology, is an important teaching in Christianity related to the role, work and presence of the Holy Spirit in the lives of believers. The Holy Spirit, as the third Person of the Triune God, plays an active role in providing spiritual gifts, strengthening faith, and enabling the congregation to live according to God’s will. This article uses a literature study method to explore theological views about the Holy Spirit from the Bible, theological interpretation, and historical studies. The purpose of this article is to provide a deeper understanding of the role of the Holy Spirit in the spiritual life of Christians and its essence in everyday life.

The doctrine of the Holy Spirit or Pneumatology, is an important teaching in Christianity related to the role, work and presence of the Holy Spirit in the lives of believers. The Holy Spirit, as the third Person of the Triune God, plays an active role in providing spiritual gifts, strengthening faith, and enabling the congregation to live according to God’s will. This article uses a literature study method to explore theological views about the Holy Spirit from the Bible, theological interpretation, and historical studies. The purpose of this article is to provide a deeper understanding of the role of the Holy Spirit in the spiritual life of Christians and its essence in everyday life.

The Biblical concept of sin comes from a review of the term sin used in the Old and New Testaments. Sin is an act of principle, error and pollution. The purpose of this research is to understand how the Bible tells about the condition of humans after they fell into sin, humans began to know the name of suffering, humans began to try with their own strength and humans had to work. This research method uses a qualitative method using the literature study method.

The doctrine of God consists of five main topics, namely theological guidance, the existence of Allah, the attributes of God, the names of God and the works of God. The aim of understanding the doctrine of God is to recognize God from a Christian perspective, as well as the nature and identity of God, understanding the Triune God, and also the attributes of God. The method used is a qualitative method using a literature review containing books containing the doctrine of God, as well as several supporting journals in discussing this doctrine. From this research, there were findings regarding the view of God in Christianity in the form of a different understanding of how God manifests Himself as well as the qualities or things found in God based on the contents of the Bible. Even though God cannot truly be understood in its entirety through understanding the human mind, we can understand God's existence through the truth contained in the Bible.

In Indonesia Occupational Safety and Health (K3) is often ignored, this can be seen from the many cases in companies that experience work accidents and other Occupational Safety and Health (K3) problems because companies pay little attention to K3 aspects and neglect to apply the principles of Occupational Safety and Health (K3) according to the standard. To find out whether the CV. Green Nature has/has not applied the principles of occupational safety and health (K3) to industrial waste management workers. This type of research is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews, and literature study. Shows that CV.Hijau Alam has not optimally applied the principles of occupational safety and health (K3). implementation is constrained due to low awareness of the importance of OSH.

Putu Wijaya's Trik Drama is one of the representations of the absurd theater style that developed in Indonesia. This work depicts a critique of social, political, and cultural conditions, where life is often full of manipulation, falsehood, and power play. As a prolific writer, Putu Wijaya uses this script to highlight the complexity of human life in the face of a reality that is full of uncertainty and conflict. In the context of history and culture, Trik emerged as a response to the social situation in Indonesia which was full of power dynamics and manipulation during the New Order period. Through absurd symbols and profound dialogue, this text pokes fun at human behavior that often uses tricks or deception to achieve personal ends, without considering moral values or truth. As part of modern Indonesian literature, Trik also reflects Putu Wijaya's view of art as a medium to arouse public awareness. With a unique theatrical approach, he encourages the audience or readers to think critically about the issues that humans face in daily life. This manuscript is not only relevant in its time, but also remains actual in describing the ethical and existential dilemmas of human beings to this day. Putu Wijaya's Drama Trik is an absurd theatrical work that explores the themes of manipulation, power, and the search for truth in human life. The abstract of the play includes the conflict between reality and illusion constructed by the characters, where they utilize each other's tricks and deceptions to achieve personal goals. In this drama, Putu Wijaya criticizes human nature that is often caught up in a game of power, lies, and boundless ambition. With a distinctive writing style and full of irony, Trik invites readers or viewers to reflect on the essence of truth, integrity, and existence in a life full of uncertainty. 

This research aims to determine the influence of leadership style and organizational culture on employee work discipline at the DPMPTSPTK Office, Tasikmalaya Regency. This research uses quantitative research with a descriptive approach and verification research. The types of data used are primary data and secondary data, with a research sample of 57 respondents from employees of the Tasikmalaya Regency DPMPTSPTK Office, and using a saturated sample method. The data analysis tool used in this research is IBM SPSS Version 25. Data collection techniques use literature studies, interviews, questionnaires. The research results show that leadership style and employee organizational culture simultaneously have a significant effect on employee work discipline. Leadership style partially has a significant effect on employee work discipline. Organizational culture partially has no significant effect on employee work discipline.

Honorary staff are people appointed by civil service officials within local government agencies to assist with the duties of the State Civil Apparatus so that their obligations are the same and their income comes from the APBD. Honorary staff are employees who work in government agencies but are not included in the State Civil Service. Honorary workers have not been appointed as permanent employees and still receive payment for their services in the form of an honorarium, not a salary. Regional heads include the Governor, Mayor and Regent as well as the DPRD as regional head partners. This research was conducted using normative juridical research methods. The data collection methods used by the author are interviews and literature study. Interviews are data collection techniques carried out face to face and direct question and answer between researchers and sources, while literature studies are data processing carried out by systematizing written legal materials using a regulatory and case approach. The results of this research show that honorary staff often experience injustice at work. This is indicated by the termination of employment relations by regional heads as happened at the Serdang Bedagai Regency DPRD Secretariat agency. Honorary workers have legal status and protection as regulated in Law Number 20 of 2023. The implementation of this research is that the Government needs to create and implement clear regulations to protect the rights of honorary workers.

Health services aim to maintain and improve the quality of health, as well as prevent and treat diseases in the community.This study aiming to analyze the legal certainty for health workers in health services, using the normative legal method. The data source comes from a literature review. The results of this study indicate that Law Number 17 of 2023 regarding Health brings significant changes to the legal certainty for health workers in Indonesia in terms of health services. Previously, legal certainty for health workers was spread across various separate laws. However, with the enactment of Law Number 17 of 2023, this legal protection has become more integrated and comprehensive. Updates regarding the protection of health workers include increasing the rights of health workers, including affirmation of compliance with professional standards and ethics. There are improvements in rights, salary, performance allowances, health insurance, and opportunities for self development. This protection is strengthened by giving health workers the authority to stop services if there is a violation of ethics. It is necessary to strengthen operational procedures and work standards that can be a reference for health workers in carrying out their duties, thereby reduce the risk of negligence that can result in criminal sanctions and additional regulations are also needed to ensure a fair legal mechanism for health workers in facing accusations of negligence, by considering ethics and professional aspects in their work.

In the context of the existence and function of the church, as well as within the scope of the clergy's duties, the question of ethical and pastoral legitimacy for a pastor to own and manage a business or venture that provides additional income outside the church institution continues to be the subject of ongoing discussion. There are views that are skeptical of this practice, arguing that the position of clergy as business owners can give rise to potential conflicts of interest, where business decisions and activities can potentially conflict with the principles and doctrines of the religion they adhere to. In order to explore this issue further, researchers are interested in conducting a biblical study, with a special focus on Pauline narratives related to this topic. The methodological approach adopted in this research is qualitative, with data collection carried out through extensive literature analysis. The findings of this research indicate that Paul does not seem to oppose the concept of bi-vocationalism. In contrast, the practice of clergy holding secular jobs in addition to their ministry duties may be considered a viable strategy, especially for smaller churches, as a means of supporting the continuity of their ministry.

Humans are an important asset in a company or organization, without someone's vision it is impossible for a company or organization to develop its vision and mission. Quality employees will play an important role in supporting the development and movement of the organization and play an important role in the organization's efforts to achieve its goals and mission. In the workplace, employee performance is very important for the success of the organization. Factors such as motivation and work environment play a very important role. Many studies have been conducted to examine the influence of work motivation and work environment on employee performance. This research aims to determine whether there is an influence of motivation and work environment on employee performance at PT. BVI Visitor Handling section either partially or simultaneously. The type of research used in this thesis is quantitative research. The research sample consisted of 39 employees using saturated sampling techniques. The data collection methods used were observation, questionnaires and literature study. The analysis used was data quality testing (validity test and reliability test), classical assumption test, hypothesis testing (T test and F test), and coefficient of determination test with the help of the SPSS version 26 application. Based on the results obtained, motivation and work environment significantly affects employee performance both partially and simultaneously.

This research employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to investigate the involvement of MSMEs in supporting people economy focusing on inclusiveness, innovation, and digitalization aspects and explores the primary challenges faced by MSMEs towards accessing technology and innovating for global market. This study clearly has significant implications, including that MSMEs play a key role in driving people's economy; notably most of these developing countries whose economies have reached steady state growth periods and also create jobs—results also. Regular posts of new-generation features is another factor that causes the figure to grow, something innovation and digitalization have also worked on in order to drive an efficiency curve further upward. Second, numerous obstacles encountered by MSMEs parties such as infrastructure issues are still less evenly distributed, access to capital constraints for MSMEs actors and complexities in the regulation for MSMEs actors. This study is useful for supporting the government to design adequate regulations and policies that can drive people economy through accommodating of MSME actors in the capital market as efficient prospective fund Chanel.

It should be realized that the reality of the 21st century phenomenon in terms of the development of science and technology is absolutely necessary to be able to compete in the global world. In the development of technology and the development of human resources, Islamic propagation institutions are very important to be carried out in improving the abilities and skills of members of Islamic propagation institutions. In increasing the efficiency and productivity of Islamic propagation, the role of the government is very important in providing financial support and policies that facilitate the development of Islamic propagation technology. The method in this study uses a literature study with research results showing that the development of reliable and skilled human resources in technology is also very necessary to improve practical skills and overcome the challenge of the lack of skilled human resources in technology. Well-planned human resource development will produce quality output, so that it can increase work productivity and can prepare employees who are effective and efficient in carrying out their work.      

This study investigates the relationship between performance-based accounting practices and employee motivation within organizations. Utilizing a quantitative research design, a survey was conducted among employees in a specific industry to analyze how performance measurement systems impact motivation levels. The sample included 200 employees in PT. Pabrik TERIGU Makassar, and data were collected on their perceptions of performance-based accounting practices, such as clarity of performance metrics and reward systems. Statistical analyses, including linear regression and correlation analysis, revealed a significant positive correlation between effective performance-based accounting and increased employee motivation. The findings suggest that organizations that implement clear performance metrics and recognition programs can enhance employee engagement and productivity. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence of the positive influence of performance-based accounting on employee motivation, highlighting practical implications for management practices aimed at fostering a motivated workforce.

This study focuses on the concept of salvation by grace as taught in Romans 3:23-26 and its relevance to the understanding of the GKPPD congregation today. Through a literature review with a theological approach, it was found that the doctrine of salvation by grace is the core of Christian teaching. In this passage, the Apostle Paul explains that all humans have sinned and fallen short of the glory of God (Romans 3:23). However, salvation is given through redemption in Christ Jesus, not as a result of human effort, but as a gift of God alone (Romans 3:24). Salvation is given through faith in the blood of Christ which redeems and takes away sin (Romans 3:25). In the context of the congregation today, the understanding of salvation by grace remains relevant. Many GKPPD congregations are still trapped in trying to obtain salvation through or obedience to the law, even though Romans 3:23-26 emphasizes the importance of faith in Christ's redemptive work. This study highlights that teaching about God's grace should foster a sense of gratitude, humility, and commitment to living in faith, not in fear or legalism. This study confirms that the concept of salvation through grace is the center of Christian faith teachings that need to continue to be lived and conveyed in the lives of the GKPPD congregation today and increase theological knowledge about the concept of salvation and can be a reference for theology students and reading materials in the IAKN Tarutung library.

This qualitative literature review explores "Dynamic Workload Adjustment in Condition-Based Maintenance: A Review of Robust Optimization Approaches for Production Systems." The study synthesizes recent advancements in condition-based maintenance (CBM) frameworks, focusing on the application of robust optimization techniques to enhance production efficiency and maintenance decision-making. The review highlights the importance of dynamic workload adjustment as a crucial strategy for aligning maintenance activities with fluctuating production demands, ultimately aiming to minimize downtime and optimize resource utilization. By analyzing eight key studies in the field, this review identifies the strengths and challenges associated with the implementation of robust optimization models in CBM practices. Key findings indicate that while robust optimization significantly improves maintenance outcomes, challenges remain in terms of complexity, required skill sets, and organizational culture. The review concludes by emphasizing the need for further empirical research and the exploration of hybrid models to fully realize the benefits of dynamic workload adjustment in diverse industrial contexts. This study provides a comprehensive overview that will aid researchers and practitioners in understanding and advancing condition-based maintenance methodologies.

This qualitative literature review investigates the phenomenon of recruitment deception within the framework of global labor exploitation. It explores the disconnect between existing policies designed to protect workers and the actual practices in recruitment processes across various industries and geographical regions. By analyzing a range of scholarly articles, reports, and case studies, the review identifies prevalent deceptive practices that exploit vulnerable populations, including migrant workers and those in precarious employment situations. The findings reveal significant gaps in the enforcement of protective legislation and highlight the emotional and psychological impacts of deception on affected individuals. Furthermore, the review emphasizes the necessity for collaborative efforts among stakeholders—including governments, non-governmental organizations, and community groups—to create effective interventions that address these injustices. Ultimately, the study calls for a more inclusive policy-making process that incorporates the experiences of survivors, aiming to develop comprehensive strategies to combat recruitment deception and enhance labor market equity.

Low achievement of Indonesian students in literacy and numeracy in PISA 2022 (359 and 366 points, far below OECD average of 476-493 points) demands evaluation of factors affecting learning quality. This study analyzes the relationship between teacher welfare management and improvement of student literacy and numeracy through systematic literature review of 44 studies covering 76,990 teachers from 2019-2025. Analysis shows significant relationship between teacher welfare and student academic achievement through three mechanisms: increased teaching efficacy, positive classroom climate creation, and pedagogical innovation development. International comparison reveals significant gaps between Indonesia and developed countries like Japan (teacher salary Rp38 million vs Indonesia Rp800,000-Rp2,000,000). Implementation in Indonesia faces challenges of regional disparities, employment status inequality, and excessive workload. Comprehensive policy reform is needed including compensation standardization, holistic support programs, and longitudinal studies to understand deeper causal mechanisms.  

One of the literary works "Dodolitdodolitdodolitbret" by Seno Gumira Ajidarma is a story about spirituality, which is told in an ironic way and balances the real and the sign. As a spiritual story experienced by a character named Guru Kiplik. He was very sure that "right prayer is the secret of happiness" But everything changed when he met the nine sons of the island-children. Teacher Kiplik always doesn't accept that their morals are not right, but they can walk on water. The background of this research is the depth of analysis of the intrinsic elements of short stories. Part of the background to the research provided is based on the need for in-depth analysis of the intrinsic elements in the short story so that researchers understand the moral message and social criticism conveyed by the author. The problem in this research is how the intrinsic elements, namely theme, character, plot, setting, point of view, language style and message, work together to produce the meaning of the story. This research uses a structural approach with qualitative descriptive methods. The data used is secondary data obtained through reading and note-taking techniques, then analyzed using the relevant theories. The research results show that this short story has a main theme regarding true belief and opposing principles in carrying out prayer. Kiplik's teaching figures as well as the island's inhabitants reflect the difference between formality and spiritual sincerity. The forward plot, reflective setting, omniscient point of view, and symbolic language style support the delivery of the moral message that sincerity is more important than technical mores. This research recommends further exploration of Seno Gumira Ajidarma's works in the context of social criticism and spirituality, and the use of these short stories as teaching material for understanding humanist values ​​in literature.