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Background: Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease that remains a serious health problem in Bali, with increase case from rabies transmiting animal bite   in 2025. Sobangan Village, area of ??the Mengwi I Public Health Center, has been identified as a high-risk area due to its largest dog population and the second-highest bite incidence in the region. Lack of understanding regarding the initial treatment of bite wounds and vaccination are major risks factor for fatalities. Aim: This community service activity aims to increase the knowledge and awareness of the Sobangan Village community regarding the prevention and initial treatment of Animal Bites. Method: The implementation method included interactive counseling and focused discussions involving 18 village cadre representatives and PKK members, evaluated using pre-tests and post-tests. Result: The results showed a significant increase in the average knowledge score of participants from 11.56 to 12.56. The most increase understanding occurred in identifying the characteristics of rabid dogs (from 55.6% to 94.4%) and the urgency of post-exposure vaccination (from 72.2% to 100%). Conclusion: Community-based health education has been shown to be effective in improving cognitive competence as a preventative measure to reduce the risk of death from rabies in endemic areas.

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and pose a significant public health challenge in Indonesia. Indonesian Army (TNI AD) personnel are at risk of developing NCDs due to operational stress, smoking habits, unhealthy dietary patterns, sleep disturbances, and insufficient physical activity outside working hours. Health education is an effective health promotion strategy to improve awareness and encourage healthy lifestyle behaviors for NCD prevention. This community service program aimed to improve the knowledge of Indonesian Army personnel regarding the prevention of non-communicable diseases through health education. Methods: The program was conducted at the 18/YKR Combat Engineer Battalion, Gianyar, Bali, in August 2024 and involved 40 Indonesian Army personnel. The intervention consisted of preparation, health education delivered through lectures and interactive discussions, and evaluation using pre-test and post-test questionnaires to assess participants' knowledge before and after the educational session. Results: Before the intervention, 29 participants (72.5%) had fair knowledge and 11 (27.5%) had good knowledge regarding NCD prevention. Following the health education session, the number of participants with good knowledge increased to 14 (35.0%), while those with fair knowledge decreased to 26 (65.0%). Most participants also demonstrated improved post-test scores, indicating enhanced understanding of NCD risk factors and preventive measures. Conclusion: Health education effectively improved participants' knowledge regarding NCD prevention. Regular and sustainable educational programs in military settings are recommended to strengthen awareness, promote healthy lifestyle practices, and support the prevention of non-communicable diseases among Indonesian Army personnel.

Patient satisfaction is a key indicator of health service quality in the National Health Insurance era. Outpatient services for BPJS members still face problems regarding waiting time, communication, and facilities. This study aimed to analyze factors affecting BPJS patient satisfaction with outpatient service quality at Malahayati Islamic Hospital Medan in 2026. A cross-sectional analytic design was applied to 150 respondents selected through consecutive sampling. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire (r>0.361; α=0.876) and analyzed by Chi-square and multiple logistic regression. Results showed that waiting time (p<0.001), staff competence (p<0.001), staff attitude (p<0.001), drug availability (p=0.032), facility comfort (p<0.001), administrative ease (p=0.003), and information clarity (p=0.008) were significantly associated with satisfaction. Multivariate analysis revealed waiting time as the most dominant factor (OR=5.42; 95% CI: 2.31–12.71), followed by staff competence (OR=4.18), facility comfort (OR=2.87), and staff attitude (OR=2.42), with Nagelkerke R²=0.512. Hospital management should optimize service flow and adopt digital queuing systems to enhance patient satisfaction.

The development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has driven significant transformation in hospital management, particularly in operational efficiency, service quality, and patient safety. This study aims to analyze the implementation of AI in hospital management based on recent scientific evidence from 2020 to 2026. The method used was a systematic review guided by the PRISMA 2020 framework. Literature was retrieved from PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Google Scholar, and ProQuest. From 360 identified articles, a stepwise selection process was conducted, resulting in 15 articles that met the inclusion criteria. The findings indicate that AI contributes to improved operational efficiency through patient flow optimization, operating room management, workforce scheduling, and electronic medical record management. AI also enhances service quality through predictive data analytics and supports patient safety through risk detection and early warning systems. In conclusion, AI has strong strategic potential to support modern hospital management. However, its implementation still faces several challenges, including human resource readiness, data security, algorithmic bias, system interoperability, and investment requirements. Therefore, AI implementation should be carried out in a planned, ethical manner and evaluated from a health economics perspective.

This study aims to analyze the forms and functions of balaghah istifham that deviate from their original meaning (khurūj al-istifhām ‘an muqtadhā al-ẓāhir) in Surah Ṭāhā and Surah al-Anbiyā’. The study employs a descriptive qualitative approach using content analysis. The research data consists of all verses containing the istifham style in both surahs. Data collection was conducted through the identification, classification, and interpretation of verses based on the theory of ma‘ānī. The results show that there are 45 forms of istifham distributed across both surahs, comprising 20 forms in Surah Ṭāhā and 25 forms in Surah al-Anbiyā’. Most of the istifham forms identified fall under the category of figurative (istifham majazi), while literal (istifham hakiki) forms appear only in certain verses. The dominant rhetorical functions include al-inkār, al-taqrīr, al-taubīkh, al-tahdīd, al-tašwīq, al-‘arḍ, and al-‘itāb. These findings indicate that the use of interrogative sentences in both surahs does not merely serve as a tool for asking questions, but also functions as a rhetorical instrument to construct arguments, affirm doctrinal messages, and strengthen the persuasive and educational effects of the Qur’an.

This research documents and analyzes the variations of banana (gedhang) names in the Southern Brebes dialect of the Javanese language from a sociolinguistic viewpoint. The study explores how language reflects social and cultural realities within a local community. Indonesia’s vast cultural and linguistic diversity makes the study of regional registers essential for understanding how people use language to represent their environment. The Southern Brebes area shows a wide range of banana varieties, each identified by distinct local names that convey information about their physical traits, uses, and cultural significance. These linguistic variations also have educational potential, particularly as supplementary materials for courses such as Pharmaceutical Botany. The research further examines social, cultural, and environmental factors shaping the creation and usage of these names. Findings are expected to enhance understanding of the Javanese lexical system especially the Southern Brebes dialect and to highlight the deep connection between language, culture, and identity. Ultimately, this study contributes to the preservation of local linguistic and cultural heritage.

This study investigates why applicants who have passed the initial admissions stage do not proceed to final enrolment in an Indonesian private higher education context. While student recruitment is often measured by the number of applications received, institutional sustainability depends on the ability to convert applicants into enrolled students. This study employed a descriptive survey design supported by thematic analysis of open-ended responses. Data were collected from 179 applicants who had participated in the admissions process but did not complete final re-registration. The data were analyzed using frequencies, percentages, and thematic categorization. The findings show that conversion failure is influenced by several factors, including waiting for public university admission results, financial constraints, postponement of study plans, family considerations, uncertainty about the institution or study programmed, preference for other institutions, and campus accessibility. A key finding reveals that 58.1% of respondents would reconsider enrolment if scholarships, tuition discounts, or other financial assistance were available. These findings highlight the need for a conversion management strategy through targeted financial aid, transparent cost communication, family engagement, and proactive applicant follow-up.  

This study uses a one group pretest posttest design model. posttest on the correlation between vocabulary mastery, reading habits, while pretest with conventional learning, then both groups were measured with the same measuring instrument. To test whether the two data (variables) are the same or different, a t-test was conducted. The t-test obtained a t count of 2.082 with α = 0.05 and t table = 1.725. The testing criteria in the one-tailed test are Ho is rejected and H1 is accepted if t count > t table. The hypothesis can be accepted because t count > t table, namely 2.082 > 1.725. The results of student learning completeness show a significant percentage, namely the pretest gets 10 (50%) students who have not completed and 10 (50%) students who have completed after being carried out on the correlation between vocabulary mastery, reading habits get completeness posttest learning results 18 (88.89%) students who have completed and 2 (11.11%) students who have not completed. It was concluded that through the correlation between vocabulary mastery, students' reading habits can achieve learning completeness because it is one indicator of the effectiveness of this research. The conclusion is that the correlation between vocabulary mastery, reading habits is effective in achieving English reading comprehension for fifth grade students of Gunungsari 01 Pati State Elementary School. Based on the results of this study, the suggestion obtained is that the correlation between vocabulary mastery and reading habits be used as an alternative for teachers to teach English in class.

Ergonomic risk is one of the factors contributing to musculoskeletal disorders in nurses due to work activities such as lifting patients, maintaining non-ergonomic postures, and performing repetitive movements. These conditions can impact the health of healthcare workers, work productivity, and the quality of nursing services. This study aims to describe the level of ergonomic risk and musculoskeletal complaints in nurses at Datu Beru Takengon Regional General Hospital. The study used a quantitative descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. The subjects were nurses working in several hospital service units. Ergonomic risk assessment was carried out using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), while musculoskeletal complaints were measured using the Nordic Body Map (NBM). Analysis was carried out univariately and presented in the form of frequency distribution and percentage. The evaluation results showed that there was still exposure to ergonomic risks in nurses' work activities. Musculoskeletal complaints were predominantly found in the neck, shoulders, back, and waist areas. Factors suspected of contributing include manual patient transfer activities, non-ergonomic work postures, and limited utilization of ergonomic support facilities. Ergonomic risks are still found among nurses at Datu Beru Takengon Regional Hospital and have the potential to increase the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders. Strengthening the ergonomics program through training, providing supporting facilities, and regular evaluations is needed.

Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan siaran siswa SMK 1 PB Sudirman melalui pelatihan jurnalisme multimedia berbasis teknologi digital. Permasalahan mitra meliputi rendahnya kemampuan siswa dalam menulis naskah berita, keterampilan tampil di depan kamera, penguasaan perangkat siaran, serta pemanfaatan teknologi digital dalam proses produksi berita. Metode pelaksanaan dilakukan melalui beberapa tahapan, yaitu sosialisasi, pelatihan dasar jurnalisme, praktik penulisan naskah berita, pelatihan performa siaran, penerapan teknologi digital, pendampingan produksi konten, evaluasi hasil, dan penyusunan strategi keberlanjutan. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah experiential learning, sehingga peserta tidak hanya memperoleh materi, tetapi juga melakukan praktik langsung dalam produksi siaran berita. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pemahaman peserta berdasarkan perbandingan nilai pre-test dan post-test, dengan peningkatan rata-rata sebesar 58%. Selain itu, sebanyak 83% peserta mampu menggunakan perangkat dan tools digital dalam praktik produksi berita multimedia. Kegiatan ini juga mendorong optimalisasi Laboratorium Televisi sekolah sebagai ruang praktik pembelajaran berbasis industri. Dengan demikian, pelatihan jurnalisme multimedia ini memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap peningkatan kompetensi siaran, literasi digital, dan kesiapan siswa dalam menghadapi kebutuhan industri media di era Society 5.0.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan implementasi manajemen sumber daya manusia (SDM) dalam pengelolaan tenaga kerja asing (TKA) di Indonesia, dengan fokus pada proses perizinan, pengelola SDM dan Knowledge transfer. Peningkatan jumlah TKA di Indonesia menunjukan kebutuhan Perusahaan terhadap kompetensi global yang tidak sepenuhnya tersedia dipasar tenaga kerja lokal. Menurut data Kementerian ketenagakerjaan jumlah TKA meningkat dari 102.902 orang (2021) menjadi 183.964 orang (2024), menunjukan tren peningkatan signifikan yang membutuhkan sistem manajemen SDM  yang efektif dan adaptif. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan  metode kualitatif deskriptif melalui studi Pustaka dengan menggunakan sumber primer berupa peraturan perundang-undangan serta sumber sekunder dari jurnal ilmiah dan dan laporan penelitian terdahulu. Analisis menggunakan perspektif Manajemen sumber daya manusia (HRM) dan Resource-Based View (RBV) untuk memahami bagaimana Perusahaan memanfaatkan tenaga kerja asing sebagai sumber daya strategis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi manajemen SDM dalam proses perizinan dan pengelolaan tenaga kerja asing telah dilakukan  melalui proses administrasi perizinan, perekrutan, penempatan kerja, pelatihan, pengawasan, serta evaluasi kinerja tenaga kerja asing. Namun, perusahaan masih menghadapi beberapa kendala seperti perubahan peraturan ketenagakerjaan, hambatan administrasi terkait otorisasi, perbedaan budaya ditempat kerja, dan proses knowledge transfer kepada tenaga kerja lokal. Oleh karena itu, perlu ditingkatkan koordinasi antara perusahaan dan pemerintah serta memperkuat sistem manajemen SDM agar pengelolaan tenaga kerja asing dapat beroperasi dengan cara yang lebih efisien dan sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku di Indonesia.

Meningkatnya transaksi e-commerce di Indonesia turut diiringi oleh lonjakan kasus penipuan dalam transaksi jual beli online yang secara tidak proporsional menyasar konsumen muda dengan literasi hukum yang minim. Penelitian hukum normatif-empiris ini mengkaji efektivitas intervensi pendidikan hukum terstruktur dalam meningkatkan pemahaman siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) terhadap kerangka hukum yang mengatur transaksi jual beli online di Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan desain kuasi-eksperimental pre-test dan post-test, data dikumpulkan dari 40 siswa SMKN 6 Kota Serang, Kecamatan Kasemen, Provinsi Banten. Program intervensi terdiri dari empat sesi terstruktur yang mencakup UU No. 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik sebagaimana diubah dengan UU No. 19 Tahun 2016, hak perlindungan konsumen berdasarkan UU No. 8 Tahun 1999, serta identifikasi tipologi penipuan yang lazim terjadi di platform jual beli digital. Analisis kuantitatif menggunakan uji t berpasangan (paired sample t-test) menunjukkan peningkatan skor pengetahuan hukum yang signifikan secara statistik (p < 0,001), dengan skor rata-rata naik dari 48,3 menjadi 76,9 (skala 100), menghasilkan effect size Cohen's d sebesar 2,37. Temuan kualitatif memperlihatkan meningkatnya kemampuan peserta dalam mengidentifikasi pola transaksi berindikasi penipuan serta menyebutkan upaya hukum yang tersedia berdasarkan hukum positif Indonesia. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa program pendidikan hukum terstruktur di tingkat sekolah menengah merupakan strategi efektif untuk mengurangi kerentanan remaja terhadap penipuan komersial digital, dan merekomendasikan pengintegrasian literasi hukum konsumen digital ke dalam kurikulum SMK nasional.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kepastian hukum dalam pelaksanaan pelestarian koleksi digital melalui mekanisme pengarsipan situs web oleh perpustakaan di Indonesia serta mengevaluasi potensi erosi hak moral pencipta yang timbul akibat proses tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual, menggunakan bahan hukum primer, sekunder, dan tersier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2018 tentang Serah Simpan Karya Cetak dan Karya Rekam memberikan mandat bagi perpustakaan untuk melestarikan karya digital, regulasi tersebut belum secara spesifik mengatur prosedur pengarsipan situs web yang bersifat dinamis. Hal ini menimbulkan tantangan serius terhadap hak moral pencipta, khususnya hak integritas dan hak atribusi sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 28 Tahun 2014 tentang Hak Cipta. Kesimpulannya, terdapat ketidakpastian hukum yang signifikan karena adanya benturan kepentingan antara fungsi pelestarian informasi publik sebagai memori kolektif bangsa dengan perlindungan hak pribadi pencipta yang melekat secara abadi. Diperlukan sinkronisasi regulasi dan penguatan instrumen teknologi autentikasi untuk menjamin kepastian hukum bagi lembaga perpustakaan.

Irrational drug use remains a common health problem in the community, including the use of medications without following dosage instructions, discontinuation of treatment before completion, the use of antibiotics without prescriptions, and improper drug storage. These problems were also identified among residents of Candirejo Village, West Ungaran District, who still have limited knowledge regarding the safe use of daily medications. This community service activity aimed to improve public knowledge and awareness regarding rational and safe medication use. The implementation methods included program socialization, health education sessions, distribution of educational media in the form of leaflets and posters, and evaluation through question-and-answer sessions and simple quizzes. Educational materials covered how to read medication labels, proper dosage and duration of use, differences between over-the-counter drugs and prescription drugs, risks of antibiotic misuse, and proper medication storage methods. The results of the activity showed an increase in community understanding regarding medication use instructions, the importance of reading labels, the dangers of using antibiotics without prescriptions, and correct drug storage practices. Participants also demonstrated high enthusiasm and active participation during the activities. This program is expected to improve community health literacy and encourage more appropriate, safe, and responsible medication use behavior in daily life.

The community service activities aim to improve business financial management skills and student readiness in facing the 2026 Indonesian Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Festival (FIKSI). The program is implemented by lecturers of the Digital Business Study Program at Al-Irsyad University Cilacap together with supervising teachers and 26 FIKSI finalist students from SMA Negeri 2 Cilacap, SMA Negeri 3 Cilacap, and SMA Negeri 1 Maos. The main problem faced by partners is the low ability to prepare business financial reports and the use of digital technology in business development. The method used is Participatory Action Research (PAR) through stages of socialization, training, technology implementation, mentoring, evaluation, and program sustainability. The results of the activity show an increase in student understanding and skills in recording transactions, calculating the cost of production, preparing profit and loss and cash flow reports, and utilizing digital financial applications and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to support business development. In addition, supervising teachers received capacity building in assisting students in aspects of financial management and preparing business proposals. The establishment of the Smart Fintech Young Entrepreneur Community is a sustainable strategy for the program to support the development of digital entrepreneurship in schools. This program has proven effective in improving the quality of business and improving students' readiness for entrepreneurship competitions.

The fishermen's community in Tapak Village, Tugurejo Subdistrict, Semarang faces persistent economic vulnerability driven by fluctuating income, low financial literacy, and exposure to illegal online lending and digital financial fraud. This community service program aimed to strengthen the economic resilience of fishermen's families through participatory financial literacy education. Using a participatory-interactive approach involving coastal community members, the program delivered comprehensive financial literacy training tailored to the needs of coastal communities. Program effectiveness was measured through pre-test and post-test instruments. Results showed significant improvements in participants' understanding of cash flow recording, ability to differentiate needs from wants, household budget planning, and capacity to identify illegal online lending characteristics. This program confirms that context-based participatory education is effective in enhancing the financial capacity and resilience of coastal communities.

The implementation of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) has become an essential part of digital transformation in the healthcare sector, aiming to improve the quality, effectiveness, efficiency, and continuity of healthcare services. In Indonesia, the implementation of EMR is supported by the Regulation of the Minister of Health Number 24 of 2022, which mandates healthcare facilities to adopt electronic medical records. However, the implementation process is often challenged by various technical and non-technical factors that may affect its success. This study aims to analyze the success factors and barriers to EMR implementation in hospitals through a literature review approach. The research method used was a literature review by examining and analyzing 11 scientific articles obtained from Google Scholar and other relevant scientific sources. The findings indicate that the success of EMR implementation is influenced by three main aspects, namely human, organizational, and technological factors. Supporting factors include management commitment, user readiness, continuous training, availability of information technology infrastructure, system quality, and organizational support. Meanwhile, common barriers include limited digital literacy among healthcare workers, insufficient information technology personnel, unstable internet connectivity, system errors, inadequate facilities and infrastructure, budget limitations, and the absence of specific standard operating procedures. Furthermore, EMR implementation provides significant benefits, such as improving service efficiency, facilitating access to patient information, enhancing documentation quality, supporting communication among healthcare professionals, and increasing patient safety. Therefore, successful EMR implementation requires synergy between human resources, organizational readiness, and technological infrastructure to achieve optimal healthcare service delivery.

Proper drug disposal is often perceived as a trivial matter by the public when dealing with medications that are no longer needed. However, improper disposal can effect on the economy, public health, and the environment. Therefore, it is essential to educate the public to improve their knowledge regarding appropriate drug disposal methods. Previous studies have shown that educational media can effectively increase public awareness and understanding. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of educational leaflets in enhancing public knowledge about proper drug disposal. This experimental study involved an intervention using educational leaflets. A total of 100 respondents participated in the study. The intervention was conducted over three consecutive days. Pretest and posttest data were collected to assess changes in knowledge. Univariate analysis was used to describe respondent characteristics, while bivariate analysis (Wilcoxon test) was employed to compare pretest and posttest results. Pretest data indicated that the majority of respondents had only sufficient knowledge about drug disposal. Following the intervention, the number of respondents with sufficient knowledge decreased, while those categorized as having good knowledge increased. Statistically, a p-value of 0.000 demonstrated that the use of leaflets significantly improved knowledge level. Based on the results of this study, educational interventions, such as the distribution of leaflets, can effectively enhance public knowledge about proper drug disposal.

This study aimed to develop teaching materials based on Problem Based Learning (PBL) assisted by Canva media for teaching biography writing to tenth-grade vocational high school students and to examine their validity, practicality, and effectiveness. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model, which consists of five stages: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The participants were 30 tenth-grade vocational high school students. Data were collected through observation, interviews, expert validation questionnaires, student response questionnaires, biography-writing tests, and documentation. The data were analyzed using descriptive quantitative and qualitative techniques. The results revealed that the developed teaching materials achieved a validity score of 95%, categorized as highly valid based on evaluations by subject-matter and media experts. The practicality level reached 94%, categorized as highly practical according to students’ responses. Furthermore, the effectiveness test demonstrated an improvement in students’ biography-writing skills, as indicated by the increase in the average score from 63.47 in the pretest to 84.73 in the posttest. The Normalized Gain (N-Gain) score of 0.58 was categorized as moderate. These findings indicate that the Canva-assisted PBL teaching materials are valid, practical, and effective for use in biography-writing instruction for vocational high school students. The study contributes to innovations in Indonesian language teaching by integrating problem-based learning with digital technology to enhance students’ writing skills.

This study aims to describe the types of meaning contained in the short story collection Ihwal Nama Majid Pucuk through a semantic study and to produce a recommendation for handout teaching material in learning short story texts for grade XI of senior high school. This research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive method and a text-analysis model, while the data consist of word, phrase, and sentence quotations collected through documentation techniques. The main theory used is Abdul Chaer's theory of meaning, supported by Geoffrey Leech's theory of associative meaning, with data analysis following the stages of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results show that the three analyzed short stories contain eight types of meaning, namely lexical and grammatical meaning, referential and nonreferential meaning, denotative and connotative meaning, word and term meaning, conceptual and associative meaning, idiomatic meaning, figurative meaning, as well as locutionary, illocutionary, and perlocutionary meaning. Lexical and grammatical meanings dominate the findings, while proverbial meaning is not found in the data source. The diversity of these meanings confirms that this short story collection is suitable to be used as handout teaching material for short story texts in grade XI of senior high school. Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan jenis-jenis makna yang terkandung dalam kumpulan cerita pendek Ihwal Nama Majid Pucuk melalui kajian semantik sekaligus menghasilkan rekomendasi bahan ajar handout pada pembelajaran teks cerpen kelas XI SMA. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif dan model analisis teks, sedangkan data berupa kutipan kata, frasa, dan kalimat yang dikumpulkan melalui teknik dokumentasi. Teori utama yang digunakan adalah teori makna Abdul Chaer dan teori pendukung makna asosiatif Geoffrey Leech, dengan analisis data mengikuti tahapan reduksi data, penyajian data, serta penarikan simpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam ketiga cerpen yang dianalisis ditemukan delapan jenis makna, yaitu makna leksikal dan gramatikal, makna referensial dan nonreferensial, makna denotatif dan konotatif, makna kata dan istilah, makna konseptual dan asosiatif, makna idiomatikal, makna kias, serta makna lokusi, ilokusi, dan perlokusi. Makna leksikal dan gramatikal mendominasi temuan, sementara makna peribahasa tidak ditemukan dalam sumber data. Keberagaman makna tersebut menegaskan bahwa kumpulan cerpen ini layak dijadikan bahan ajar handout teks cerpen kelas XI SMA.