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This study aims to describe and analyze: the role of supervision and obstacles faced and the efforts made by the Surabaya Special Class I Immigration Office in its role to supervise the existence of foreigners.  The research method to be used is qualitative descriptive.  Data Collection Techniques include: Interviews, Observations, Documentation. The research informant is the Head of the Suarabaya Special Class I Immigration Office. The data analysis technique using interactive model analysis was developed by Miles et al., (2014), namely data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results of the study show that the Surabaya Special Class I Immigration Office has three roles in supervising foreigners, namely as an immigration facilitator on duty, including providing residence permit and immigration status services, determining immigration status for foreigners in Indonesia, conducting research on the correctness of a person's citizenship evidence.  As an Administrator in the supervision of foreigners, it is carried out through administrative supervision when a foreign citizen submits an application to the Immigration Office. As an Executor in the supervision of foreigners, it is carried out by 1) searching for and obtaining information about the existence of Indonesian citizens who are outside Indonesian Territory; 2) Conduct an interview when applying for a Travel Document of the Republic of Indonesia; or 3) Coordinate with the local government through the Chief Representative of the Republic of Indonesia to monitor the existence of Indonesian citizens outside the Indonesian Territory. The obstacles faced by the Surabaya Special Class I Immigration Office include the range of work which includes Surabaya, Mojokerto, and Sidoarjo. There are limitations of officers. Lack of understanding of immigration law by foreigners. Lack of information obtained from the public regarding the existence of foreigners. Lack of openness on the part of the company where the foreigner works. The efforts made by the Surabaya Special Class I Immigration Office in supervising foreigners are to conduct direct field surveillance to find out the whereabouts of foreigners. Attend KOMINDA (Komunitas Intelejen Daerah: Regional Intelligence Community) activities organized by the Regional Government.  Conducting socialization programs to foreigners and the community. Conducting administrative supervision.

Entrepreneurial intention is the awareness of individuals that they intend to organize new business ventures and plan to do so in the future. This research aims to see whether entrepreneurial self efficacy, social identity, networking and spirituality together influence entrepreneurial intention. The sample in this research amounted to entrepreneurs who participated in the YukBisnis seminar held in Jakarta and Lampung. Sampling used in this research using non-probability sampling techniques by convenience sampling technique. This research method uses quantitative methods. The validity of the measuring instruments in this research was tested by Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Data analysis uses multiple regression analysis (multiple regression). The results showed that there was an influence of entrepreneurial self-efficacy variables (searching, planning, marshaling, implementing people, implementing financial), social identity (Darwinian founders: basic social motivation, basic for self-evaluation, frame of reference. Communitarian founders: basic social motivation, basic for self-evaluation, frame of reference Missionary founders: basic social motivation, basic for self-evaluation, frame of reference), networking (content of changed networking), spirituality (meaning, value, transcendence, connecting, becoming ) towards entrepreneurial intention, namely with a large contribution of 30.3%. The results of the test of the proportion of variance from each independent variable indicate that entrepreneurial self efficacy (planning, searching), social identity (Darwinian founders: basic social motivation, besic for self evaluation, missionary founders: basic for self evaluation), networking (networking support ), spirituality (meaning, value) has a significant influence on entrepreneurial intention.  

Adolescence is a transition period from childhood to adulthood that is vulnerable to various psychological problems, such as searching for identity, social problems, academic pressure, and low self-confidence. Self-love or self-love is an important element in building mental health that is often overlooked, especially among adolescents. Based on the author's observations at MAN 2 Surakarta, it was found that students tend not to fully understand the concept of self-love, so they are vulnerable to social pressure, adakemik, and negative emotions. For this reason, this community service activity was carried out with the aim of instilling an understanding of the importance of self-love, recognizing oneself, and improving students' mental health. The implementation method used in this community service activity has three stages, namely: 1). Planning stage, 2). Implementation stage and 3). Evaluation stage. The results of this community service activity show that students begin to understand the importance of self-love as a basis for mental health. In conclusion, cultivating self-love is very important for adolescents to face psychological and social challenges. The application of this concept is expected to provide long-term benefits for students' mental and emotional well-being, as well as encourage their positive contributions in the social environment.

This research aims to revive the spirit of Pancasila life in the millennial era. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive research method where data is collected through literature review. The literature used in this research is scientific articles related to reviving the spirit of Pancasila in the millennial era. Data collection was carried out by searching for articles from electronic journals and other publications related to the study topic. From the results of the study it can be seen It is concluded that reviving the spirit of Pancasila life in the millennial era is a rare strategy to maintain the integrity of the nation amidst the challenges of globalization, technological developments and shifting social values. Formal and informal education is the main key to instilling values. Pancasila. Implementation of values ​​such as tolerance, justice, mutual cooperation, and love of the country must be carried out through a creative approach that is in line with the characteristics of the millennial generation, such as through digital media, collaborative activities, and example. Therefore, there needs to be more awareness sign height.

The Jayapura City Transportation Agency faces significant challenges in managing traffic violation data due to rapid population and economic growth. The use of Excel-based systems has proven inadequate, so a more integrated and efficient information system update is needed. Thus, the research and development method to design a web-based data archiving information system application with a waterfall methodology approach. It is hoped that this application can improve the efficiency of filing and searching for violation data, as well as support better traffic control in Jayapura City.

Background: Bombay and Para-Bombay blood groups are rare blood types characterised by the absence of H antigen on the surface of red blood cells. This condition has a significant impact on diagnosis and blood transfusion, as individuals with these blood types can only receive donors with the same blood type. Methods: This study conducted a literature review by searching articles in databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and SciELO. The selected articles included the last five years of original research on Bombay and Para-Bombay blood groups, antigenic differences, as well as their clinical implications. Results: Bombay blood group lacks FUT1 enzyme activity, hence H, A and B antigens are not formed. In contrast, the Para-Bombay blood group has very low FUT1 activity, producing few A or B antigens. The Bombay phenotype is often mistaken for blood group O, despite having anti-H antibodies, which can trigger acute haemolytic transfusion reactions. Specialised testing, such as anti-H lectin, is important to ensure blood compatibility. Further research on FUT1 gene variations may deepen molecular understanding and support clinical management of patients. Conclusion: Bombay and Para-Bombay blood groups require special attention in diagnosis and transfusion. Better antigenic understanding and appropriate diagnostic techniques may prevent fatal complications and improve transfusion therapy.

The material object of this study is Engkau poetry by Muhammad Zuhri, while the formal object is semiotics by Riffaterre. In his theory, Michael Riffaterre, introduces two level of reading, i.e. heuristics (mimetic reading, based on the dictionary meaning, characterized by non-gramatical) and hermeneutic reading or retroactive reading (reading decoding process by searching models, matrix, hipogram: actual and potential to get a unity of meaning). The result of this study revealed that Engkau poetry in heuristics reading has not been found its unity of meaning, and it is still scattered and fragmented. In hermeneutic or retroactive reading, potential hipogram depicts the inner journey of the “Aku” lyrics from stagnant stage to the finding of bright spot stage. There are two monumental models in Engkau poetry.

This abstract discusses the history of the development of ushul which includes the role of influential figures and books in the discipline. The history of the development of ushul fiqh began from the beginning of the Islamic era to the modern era. This article aims to discuss the figures of ushuliyyah who have a role in compiling books that are the basis for understanding the principles of ushul fiqh. The research methodology used in reviewing this article is descriptive qualitative. This article also uses a library research approach, and data collection carried out in this article is carried out by reviewing or searching for sources from several journals, books, and research that has been done (both printed and electronic). Based on the results of the data analysis, it is known that the main figures of ushuliyyah have produced ushul fiqh books such as As-Syafi'i with the book "Al-Umm" Malik bin Anas with the book "Al-Muwatta", and Al-Sarakhsi with the book "Al-Mabsut" which is a general basis for understanding Islamic law. The development of ushul fiqh is also influenced by the thoughts and contributions of other figures whose works remain an important foundation in the study of ushul fiqh to this day.

This research discusses the design of correspondence filing applications at the Subdivision of the Gerindra Faction of the North Sumatra Provincial DPRD. The letter filing system that is still done manually causes various obstacles such as difficulty in finding documents, the risk of damage and loss of physical documents, and inefficiency in archive management. The purpose of this research is to design a computer-based application to optimize the process of filing incoming letters and outgoing letters. The system development method used is waterfall with the stages of needs analysis, system design, implementation, and testing. The application is designed using PHP programming language and MySQL database to store mail data. The results showed that the designed application can facilitate the process of archiving, searching, and managing correspondence digitally and increase work efficiency in the Gerindra Faction Subdivision of the North Sumatra Provincial DPRD. This system is also equipped with a security feature in the form of a user login to maintain document confidentiality.

The aim of this research is to find out how the role of e-commerce increases opportunities for MSMEs in Indonesia. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach with literature study as the main data source. We carried out the data collection process by searching literature with the keyword "The role of e-commerce in Indonesian MSMEs." on the Google Scholar platform. The results show that e-commerce has made a significant contribution to the MSME players themselves. The role of e-commerce has also increased since the COVID-19 pandemic, which at that time became the main solution for MSMEs to survive amidst the crisis caused by restrictions on physical activity. With e-commerce integrated with social media, MSMEs can still operate and maintain income because they are able to adapt to changes in market behavior. However, this research also identified several main challenges, one of which is the low interest in reading which causes a lack of digital literacy among MSME players. Therefore, technology training, digital infrastructure development, and policies that support the empowerment of MSMEs in the digital era are needed. By conducting this research, of course there is hope that strategic steps can be formulated to maximize the potential of e-commerce, not only in expanding market access on a global scale, but also being able to increase the global competitiveness of MSMEs in a sustainable manner.  

Birth certificate data management is an important aspect of population administration. In the digital era, the need for efficient systems is increasing to overcome various challenges, such as manual errors, slow administrative processes, and difficulties in searching for data. This research focuses on designing a data management system for Indonesian citizens' birth certificates at the Batu Bara Regency Population and Civil Registration Service (Dukcapil). This system was designed using a systematic approach, starting from needs analysis to the implementation stage. The method used involves collecting data through interviews, literature study, and direct observation in the field. The result of this design is a digital-based system that makes it easier to record, store and manage birth certificate data efficiently. By implementing this system, it is hoped that it can improve the quality of public services, minimize data errors, and support the government's digitalization program.

This research focuses on the Study of Public Green Open Space in Lima Puluh District, Batu Bara Regency with the Remote Sensing Method. This research is included in the type of practical research. Qualitative research method is a research method based on the philosophy of post positivism, used to research on natural object conditions, Data analysis is the process of systematically searching for and compiling data obtained from the results of interviews, field notes, and documentation. Data Reduction Analysis Method, Data Presentation and Drawing Conclusions. The results of the research Green open space are an essential element of a city, in creating city development is required to be environmentally friendly. Environmentally friendly development is mandatory, as a fulfillment of sustainability principles. The natural resources that are owned today must also be felt by future generations. Being in a tropical climate makes Indonesia have abundant natural resources. This is a good thing for the Indonesian state. Many countries are experiencing a natural resource crisis, Indonesia can increase foreign exchange by trading natural resources products to other countries.

This study aims to describe the Analysis of the Implementation of Policy and Integrated Transportation of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) in Medan City. The qualitative research method is also known as a method where the research is conducted under natural conditions. This research method is a scientific procedure or approach to obtain data with specific objectives. Data analysis is the process of systematically searching for and organizing data. The data collection techniques used in this study are observation, interviews, and documentation studies. The data obtained are then analysed through three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The results of the study show that the Medan City Government is currently implementing significant development in urban mobility with two main activities: the development of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) and the development of Kesawan and Merdeka Square areas. Both activities emphasize the importance of developing pedestrian and cyclist facilities while facilitating the people of Medan City in accessing public transportation. These efforts are positive actions taken by the Medan City Government toward the development of sustainable urban mobility while ensuring that all corners of Medan City can be reached by quality public transportation.

In this paper, we study a new and improved preconditioned conjugate gradient (PCG) algorithm based on Dai and Liao's procedure to enhance the CG algorithm of (Maulana). The new PCG algorithm satisfies the coupling condition and the sufficient descent condition. This work proposes improved conjugate gradient methods to enhance the efficiency and robustness of classical conjugate gradient methods. The study changes the diagonal of the inverse Hessian approximation to quasi-Newton Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shano (BFGS) updating to make a preconditioner for nonlinear conjugate gradient (NCG) methods used to solve large-scale optimization problems with no constraints. We will calculate the step size of this two-term algorithm by accelerating the Wolfe-Powell line searching technique. The proposed new PCG algorithms have proven their global convergence in certain specific conditions reported in this paper.

This study aims to find out about . What are the legal provisions for determining suspects as pretrial objects in criminal law and b What are the legal implications for re-determination of suspects after being canceled by a pretrial decision. The data collection method in this study was carried out by literature study, which is a way of collecting data by searching and studying library materials (literature, research results, scientific magazines, scientific bulletins, scientific journals, etc.). Legal materials are collected through inventory procedures and identification of laws and regulations, as well as classification and systematization of legal materials according to research problems. Therefore, the data collection technique used in this study was a literature study. The results of the study show that pretrial is a new thing in the life of law enforcement in Indonesia, has a goal to be upheld and protected, namely protecting the rights of suspects at the level of investigation and prosecution or preventing the arbitrariness of law enforcement officials against someone who is undergoing a legal process and To guarantee the protection of human rights and for law enforcers to carry out their duties consistently, the Criminal Procedure Code establishes a new institution called pretrial. Seeing the contents of the decision as referred to in Article 82 paragraph (3) of the Criminal Procedure Code, that there are 3 (three) types of implementation of pretrial decisions: committing certain acts, paying an amount of money and providing rehabilitation. The legal basis for pretrial authority in deciding the suspect's determination is found in the Constitutional Court (MK) decision No. 21/PUU-XII/2014 which states that the determination of the status of a suspect is included in the object of pretrial and also in its ruling that Article 77 of the Criminal Procedure Code is contrary to the 1945 Constitution and does not have binding legal force as long as the pretrial is not interpreted including determination of suspects, searches , and confiscation. Meanwhile, the background to the addition of pretrial authority in deciding the determination of the suspect is that the determination of the suspect's status is the end result of the investigation activities carried out which are none other than the object of pretrial. Criminal acts after the status of the determination of the suspect is declared invalid in the pretrial decision are basically still valid. Examination in pretrial cases is only in the administrative area of the investigative process. Often the Pretrial decision which cancels the determination of the suspect by the investigator, is based.

Jinas is an element of muhassinaat al-lafdziyah, which studies the beauty of language in texts. By definition, jinas consists of two sentences that share similarities in every aspect of their writing, including pronunciation, number of letters, structure (tarkib), and diacritics (harakat). Jinas is divided into two main categories: jinas lafdzi  and jinas ma’nawi. The category of jinas lafdzi is further subdivided into jinas tam  and  jinas ghairu tam. This research aims to analyze jinas tam in Surah Al-Furqan. The method employed is qualitative research with a descriptive approach, utilizing content analysis. Data collection was conducted through library research, which involved searching for and reviewing relevant literature. The analysis results indicate that there are seven examples of jinas tam of the type jinas mumatsal found in Surah Al-Furqan, specifically in the following verses: 3, 11, 14, 47, 61, 62, and 72.  

This writing aims to describe how the importance of the role of Axiology in planning sustainable economic growth, especially in preventing adverse impacts that can occur in the future. This study is a literature review using a qualitative approach with a descriptive type. conducting document study data collection techniques where the process of searching for data through internet media to obtain information based on references, journals, articles or books online related to the object of analysis. The results of this study show that the concept of axiology in Islamic economic philosophy not only has a role in directing individual behavior in economic activities, but also seeks to build a more just and sustainable economic system. The current economic development is not enough to be fully felt by the community. So that the integration of the values of Justice, Ethics and Welfare has not been fully realized. Therefore, the existence of SDG is a planned agenda that aims to prosper the community through the development of the Social, Economic, Environmental and governance sectors carried out by the government.

Hemophilia is a genetic disorder resulting from impaired blood clotting. This disorder can be caused by coagulation factor abnormalities due to a deficiency of clotting factors, including vitamin K. A lack of vitamin K disrupts the coagulation process, increasing the tendency for bleeding. This article aims to determine whether there is an influence of vitamin K levels on the blood clotting factors in hemophilia patients. Searching any information needed by analyzing kinds of papers of recent research from the year of 2014 until 2024. Online databases like PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Scopus, and ResearchGate  are utilized by inserting relevant keywords, such as hemophilia, blood clotting factors, vitamin K deficiency and extraction. From 10 articles reviewed, a relationship was identified between vitamin K levels and blood clotting factors in hemophilia patients. Individuals with severe hemophilia experience bleeding episodes characterized by delayed onset, as well as bleeding into muscles, joints, and other internal structures, including the brain. Hemophilia is typically diagnosed through the identification of low or absent levels of FVIII:C or FIX:C. The genes encoding FVIII and FIX are located on the long arm of the X chromosome. Hemophilia A and B are the only hereditary clotting disorders inherited in a sex-linked recessive pattern. Vitamin K levels can influence the blood clotting factors in hemophilia patients, particularly those factors synthesized artificially.

The skill of opening and closing learning is a basic skill that is important for teachers to have in order to achieve effective and enjoyable learning. Opening a lesson is an activity carried out by teachers/infrastructure to create an atmosphere of mental readiness and full attention to students/participants. Closing a lesson (closure) is an activity carried out by teachers to end a lesson or teaching and learning activity by restating the main points of the lesson. This study uses a qualitative approach with a library research design, thus this study was conducted by examining reading sources that are related to the study being discussed. Data collection was carried out by searching through literature reviews from reading books, journals and sources from the Google School Digital Library and online libraries. The results of this study are to determine what skills a teacher must have in opening and closing learning.

Managing incoming and outgoing letter archives is an important aspect in supporting administrative performance at the Regional Secretary's People's Welfare Bureau. This research aims to design a web-based administration system that can increase effectiveness and efficiency in managing mail archives. The methods used in this research include requirements analysis, system design, and prototype testing. The results of the analysis show that the mail management process is currently still carried out manually, which results in difficulties in searching and archiving data. By designing a web-based system, it is hoped that it will make it easier for users to input, search and manage mail archives in real-time. The resulting system prototype is equipped with features such as mail data management, reports and notifications, which are designed to increase data accessibility and security. Test results show that this system can function well and meet user needs. It is hoped that this research can make a positive contribution to the Regional Secretary's People's Welfare Bureau in improving administrative performance through better archive management.