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Street children constitute a highly vulnerable population who spend most of their time in public spaces working in the informal sector and are at increased risk of engaging in deviant behaviours. Social support and resilience are recognised as key protective factors that may enable street children to adapt to adversity. This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional correlational design to examine the association between social support and resilience among street children in Semarang City, Indonesia. A total of 42 street children were recruited using accidental sampling. Data were collected using modified Likert-type questionnaires measuring social support (social embeddedness, enacted support, and perceived support) and resilience (emotion regulation, impulse control, causal analysis, self-efficacy, realistic optimism, empathy, and reaching out). Data were analysed using univariate statistics and Spearman’s rank correlation test. Most respondents reported moderate levels of social support (90.48%) and resilience (66.67%). Spearman’s test indicated a significant, positive, yet low correlation between social support and resilience (p = 0.014; r = 0.228). These findings suggest that higher social support is associated with greater resilience, although other internal and external factors are likely to contribute to resilience among street children.

This study examines the role of the head as a therapist in informal counseling practice at the Religious Affairs Office (KUA) of Medan Tembung District. Penghulu not only carries out administrative functions as marriage registrars, but also acts as a religious figure who provides psychosocial and spiritual assistance to the community. In practice, the penghulu is often the first referral place for married couples, prospective brides, and families who face problems in relationships, communication, and domestic conflicts. This study aims to describe the forms of informal counseling carried out by the penghulu and understand the meaning of the practice in the social and cultural context of the local community, including the religious values, customs, and community norms that underlie it. This study uses a qualitative approach with ethnographic methods through participant observation and in-depth interviews. This study concludes that informal counseling practices by the head have an important contribution in fostering family resilience and preventing domestic conflicts. These findings confirm that the role of the head in KUA is not only administrative, but also social, cultural, and therapeutic in people's lives.

This study investigates the effectiveness of green-space–based interventions in reducing eco-anxiety among urban adolescents, a population increasingly vulnerable to climate-related psychological distress. Eco-anxiety, characterized by persistent worry, cognitive overload, and emotional tension in response to environmental change, has emerged as a significant mental-health challenge. The intervention examined in this research involved structured exposure to natural environments combined with guided reflective activities over multiple sessions. Quantitative results showed a substantial reduction in eco-anxiety symptoms, with participants experiencing approximately a 30% decrease in climate-related worry after the intervention. Improvements were also observed in emotional resilience, including enhanced self-regulation, greater cognitive clarity, and improved coping capacity. Qualitative findings reinforced these outcomes, revealing that participants reported deeper emotional calm, stronger feelings of agency, and an increased sense of connectedness with nature. They described green spaces as restorative environments that helped reduce overthinking, clear mental fatigue, and create psychological grounding. These experiences appear to activate mental-restoration processes consistent with environmental psychology, suggesting that nature engagement can serve as both a preventive and therapeutic mental-health strategy. A comparison with conventional counseling approaches indicated that while standard psychological support aids emotional regulation, it often fails to address the specific ecological concerns driving eco-anxiety. In contrast, green-space exposure offers a more targeted and holistic benefit, combining physiological relaxation with meaningful emotional reassurance. The study concludes that expanding access to green spaces, incorporating nature-based therapeutic elements into public-health programs, and promoting balanced climate literacy may enhance adolescent well-being in a time of intensifying environmental challenges.

This study explores the role of peer mentoring as a strategy to reduce student dropout rates and strengthen social support networks in universities. Using a mixed-methods approach that combined quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews, the research examined students’ sense of belonging, academic motivation, persistence intention, and access to emotional and academic support. The findings indicate that peer mentoring significantly enhances students’ sense of community, increases their academic motivation, and strengthens their commitment to continue their studies. Compared to other retention strategies such as academic counseling or financial support, peer mentoring provides unique advantages by fostering ongoing peer-to-peer relationships and expanding social networks. Moreover, the study found that mentor–mentee interactions create a safe space for students to share academic challenges, personal concerns, and coping strategies, which contributes to improved well-being and greater confidence in navigating university life. Peer mentoring also offers opportunities for skill development, including communication, collaboration, and self-regulation, making it beneficial not only for mentees but also for mentors. These results suggest that peer mentoring not only mitigates dropout risks but also contributes to building long-term resilience and a supportive learning environment for students. Therefore, universities are encouraged to integrate structured peer mentoring programs into their retention initiatives to promote student success and holistic development.

This study investigates the effectiveness of media literacy training in enhancing high school students’ critical evaluation skills in the digital era. The research is motivated by the growing challenges of disinformation and fake news, which often influence young people’s perception of news and their decision-making processes. The objective of this study is to examine how structured media literacy training can transform students’ ability to critically analyze information, recognize fake news, and construct well-founded arguments. A qualitative research approach was employed, using content analysis of training materials, classroom workshops, observations, and reflective interviews or questionnaires to gather data. The participants were purposively selected high school students engaged in the media literacy program. The findings reveal significant improvements in students’ ability to identify the characteristics of fake news, verify information through reliable sources, and analyze media messages more systematically. Before the training, students tended to accept information uncritically, struggled to differentiate between facts and opinions, and relied heavily on social media as their primary source of information. After the training, however, they demonstrated more reflective and cautious behavior, cross-checking information from multiple credible sources and presenting arguments that linked news content with broader socio-political contexts. The study concludes that media literacy training plays a crucial role in equipping students with critical thinking skills necessary to navigate the complexities of the digital information landscape. Furthermore, it emphasizes the need for integrating media literacy into school curricula, supported by teacher training and sustainable educational policies, to ensure long-term resilience against disinformation.

The development of information and communication technology in Indonesia has grown significantly over the past few years. Thus, there are many opportunities to digitize the business process of a business or business ecosystem. One of them is in the field of digital economy by adapting business processes into a digital platform, such as designing an e-commerce platform in a village that has commodities in it so that related commodities can increase the visibility of their products. This research uses Belega Village as a case study location considering that this village has a commodity in the form of bamboo crafts. Research was conducted to build a web-based bamboo handicraft e-commerce application that would be expected to increase product visibility. The application itself is built using the Agile Development method using the sprint model. This application is built with a microservice architecture with Express.js technology as a backend service and Next.js to create client applications and PostgreSQL as a DBMS. The result of this research is a web-based e-commerce application that is expected to increase the visibility of products from bamboo crafts from Belega Village.

The role of blue carbon in mitigating climate change in coastal Indonesia is very important because ecosystems such as mangrove forests, seagrass beds, and tidal marshes are not able to absorb and store carbon. In addition, these ecosystems support biodiversity, protect coastlines, and increase resilience to climate change. However, human activities, such as land conversion and development, threaten these ecosystems. Therefore, conservation and restoration are important to maintain carbon stocks and strengthen coastal resilience. Research shows that Indonesian mangroves have a carbon absorption capacity five times greater than tropical land forests. Mitigation efforts need a holistic approach that includes conservation and sustainable management. Using qualitative analysis methods through documents, this study recommends strategies to improve the preservation of blue carbon ecosystems, which can help achieve greenhouse gas emission reduction targets and increase coastal resilience to climate change impacts.

Government regulation no. 60 of 1999 CHAPTER III Article 3 explains that every tertiary institution has duties and principals outlined in the Tri Dharma of higher education, namely: education and teaching, research and community service. These three main tasks are carried out intracurricularly, where they are very closely related to each other. There are many forms of community service activities that can be carried out by universities. Biak Regency has 19 districts and 257 villages. The Office Administration Management Study Program, FISIP, Cenderawasih University, as part of a higher education institution, has a strategic role in helping the community and building good relationships among the community in Yensama Village. So that physical development in the field in Oridek District, specifically in Yensama Village, can help the community in public service activities.

This meta-analysis examined the relationship between social support and medication adherence among multiple sclerosis (MS) patients through a synthesis of 47 studies (N=12,356). The findings confirmed a significant positive correlation (r=0.42, p<0.001, 95% CI [0.38, 0.46]) with substantial heterogeneity (I²=84.0%). Contrary to Cohen et al.'s (2019) finding that informational support was the strongest predictor, our moderator analyses revealed emotional support as the most robust predictor (β=0.39, p<0.001). Furthermore, this research demonstrated that the effects of social support on MS medication adherence were stronger among women (β=0.18, p=0.023) and patients with longer disease duration (β=0.24, p=0.009), extending Franqueiro et al.'s (2023) findings regarding gender differences in social support effectiveness. Family support showed the largest effect (r=0.48, p<0.001), followed by friends (r=0.40, p<0.001) and healthcare providers (r=0.35, p<0.001). Moreover, mediation modeling revealed a significant role of self-efficacy (indirect effect=0.21, 95% CI [0.17, 0.25]), expanding upon Bandura's (2018) model. Supporting Lavorgna et al.'s (2018) findings, our results confirmed that online social support proved equally effective as offline support (Q=1.87, p=0.171). These findings demonstrated robustness through sensitivity analyses and trim-and-fill procedures, confirming resilience against publication bias (adjusted r=0.39, 95% CI [0.35, 0.43]). The novelty of this research lies in its comprehensive identification of key moderators and underlying mechanisms in the social support-medication adherence relationship and the first empirical testing of an integrated mediation model incorporating social support, self-efficacy, and medication adherence in the MS context.

This research aims to address the issue of uneven bandwidth distribution in large organizational networks by implementing Quality of Service (QoS) using FIFO and the Hierarchical Token Bucket (HTB) algorithm on Mikrotik routers. Uneven bandwidth distribution can disrupt productivity and operational efficiency. This study creates a fair and efficient traffic management system, allowing bandwidth allocation according to user needs. The methodology involves detailed configuration of Mikrotik RouterOS to optimize QoS with adjusted HTB settings. Testing was conducted using IPerf3 to measure bandwidth variations received by clients in different conditions, including scenarios with two and three active clients. The results indicate that the HTB method provides more stable and consistent bandwidth distribution compared to FIFO. In the two-active client scenario, the unused bandwidth by the third client is allocated to higher priority clients, demonstrating HTB's effectiveness in managing traffic priorities. This research is expected to enhance user satisfaction by providing a network that is both stable and responsive to the needs of various operational applications, and contribute significantly to the development of best practices for bandwidth management in complex organizational environments.

Abstrak – Dalam sebuah jaringan diperlukan sebuah alamat dalam bentuk IP Address. Penelitian ini akan membandingkan kedua versi IP yang ada yaitu IPv4 dan IPv6 pada mekanisme antrian sehingga dapat memberi gambaran apa pengaruh performa pada manajemen jaringan secara spesifik yaitu pada bandwidth, latency, dan packet loss. Mekanisme Antrian dalam jaringan merupakan proses bagaimana paket-paket data yang akan dikirim dari asal paket seperti server menuju ke klien yang meminta, metode antrian Class Based Weighted Fair Queuing (CBWFQ) merupakan metode Mekanisme antrian yang menggunakan metode Class Based Queuing untuk memilah paket data yang sudah ditentukan user seperti protokol TCP dan ICMP serta Weighted Fair Queuing sebagai penjadwal pengiriman paket data. Proses untuk melakukan analisis menggunakan Network Development Life Cycle (NDLC) yaitu melakuan analisis, desain, simulasi prototype, implementasi, monitoring, dan manajemen pada sebuah jaringan. Pada IPv4 bandwidth yang digunakan lebih tinggi daripada IPv6, tetapi IPv6 lebih konsisten pada penggunaan bandwidth.Sementara pada latency perbedaannya hampir satu milisecond dan tidak didapati terdapatnya packet loss. Penggunaan rata-rata bandwidth pada IPv4 adalah 94.315 Mbits/sec sementara pada IPv6 adalah 92.9625 Mbits/sec, rata-rata latency IPv4 adalah 11.65 milisecond sementara pada IPv6 adalah 12.4 milisecond. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi sebuah acuan dalam transisi perubahan dari IPv4 menjadi IPv6 dalam jaringan yang telah diatur dengan Mekanisme Antrian.

Using a mixed-method approach, This study examines emotional support for Quranic memorization students (santri tahfidz) in Islamic boarding schools (pesantren). Quantitative analysis of 515 santri tahfidz revealed high levels of emotional support (M = 3.74, SD = 0.68) with two primary dimensions: reliable relationships (74.96%) and trusted guidance (75.17%). Multiple regression analysis uncovered a significant relationship between emotional support and Quranic memorization achievement (β = 0.42, p < .001, R² = 0.18). A meta-analysis of 28 studies (N = 3,627) confirmed a positive correlation between emotional support and students' psychological well-being (r = 0.39, 95% CI [0.34, 0.44]). MANOVA results indicated significant differences in santri tahfidz's perceptions of emotional support based on gender (Wilks' λ = .97, F(2, 512) = 7.85, p < .001, partial η² = .03) and age (Wilks' λ = .95, F(4, 1022) = 6.73, p < .001, partial η² = .03). These findings extend previous research by Hasfi (2018) and Vista (2018) by identifying the specific roles of teacher support (β = 0.31, p < .01) and peer support (β = 0.28, p < .01) in enhancing student resilience. Furthermore, this study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of emotional support dynamics in pesantren tahfidz education, integrating Bronfenbrenner's (1979) ecological perspective and Deci and Ryan's (2000) self-determination theory. Finally in a practical context, the researcher evaluates this study has implications for the development of more structured and efficient emotional support intervention programs in tahfidz pesantren.

The legal profession in Indonesia carries significant responsibility in upholding justice, particularly through adherence to the Indonesian Advocates Code of Ethics (KEAI). However, violations of this code, such as bribery involving lawyers, often undermine the integrity of the judicial system. This study examines how ethical breaches, particularly in bribery cases, occur and their impact on the legal profession and public trust in the judiciary. Using a normative juridical method, the study focuses on analyzing legal norms that regulate lawyers' conduct, including relevant legislation. Cases such as those involving lawyers Lucas and Fredrich Yunadi highlight how these violations influence court decisions and undermine the principles of justice. The findings reveal that factors such as client pressure and weak oversight from professional organizations contribute to bribery violations. This practice not only damages public trust in the legal profession but also threatens the integrity of the judicial system, which is expected to operate fairly and transparently. Therefore, comprehensive efforts are required to prevent ethical violations, including strengthening oversight, enforcing strict sanctions, and enhancing ethics education for future lawyers.

The integration of health insurance with Fixed Deposit Receipts (FDR) and Deposit Pension Schemes (DPS) represents a significant innovation in the banking sector, offering new opportunities for financial institutions, insurers, and consumers. This paper explores the potential of merging health insurance with FDR/DPS schemes, focusing on how such integration can enhance financial inclusivity and healthcare accessibility, particularly in developing countries.  The study outlines the theoretical framework supporting this integration and analyzes the associated challenges, including regulatory and operational barriers.  It also highlights the potential benefits for banks, such as customer base expansion and increased savings attraction, while offering consumers the dual advantage of financial security and health coverage. Through a case study of the banking sector in Bangladesh, this paper provides insights into how such models can be implemented in emerging economies. Additionally, we address the barriers to successful integration, including regulatory hurdles and consumer awareness. The findings indicate that this integration could serve as a strategic tool for banks to broaden their customer base and contribute to the healthcare system's resilience.   Finally, the paper discusses policy implications and future trends, emphasizing the role of technology in facilitating these hybrid financial products.  This research contributes to the growing body of knowledge on the intersection of finance and healthcare, offering strategic directions for stakeholders in both sectors

IEEE 802.11ax WiFi 6 is the current standard for wireless local area network (WLAN) technology which is a development of the previous standard, namely IEEE 802.11ac (WiFi 5). WiFi 6 has new features that are superior to WiFi 5. For example, it can operate in the 6 GHz frequency band, use 1024-QAM modulation, and use a maximum of 8 spatial streams. In general, to test and verify the implementation of a network technology standard, researchers can buy hardware on the market that has implemented the standard in its entirety or only certain mandatory features. Apart from using hardware directly, testing can also be done using software simulations. This research aims to study the WiFi model in the ns-3 simulator and simulate the IEEE 802.11ax WiFi 6 network. The simulation is carried out to measure the uplink throughput that can be achieved by WiFi 6 with various numbers of client stations (STA) and various distances between the Access Point (AP) and STA. The simulation results show that the throughput value will decrease with increasing AP-STA distance and the number of STA. The maximum throughput value obtained in the simulation with 5 STA at a distance of 2 meters from the AP is 655.41 Mbps.

This service program aims to increase public awareness of the dangers of drugs through the formation of a Task Force (SATGAS) and the launch of the book "Youth Anti-Drug Self-Resilience" as an effort to create a Drug-Free Village (BERSINAR). The method used is Participatory Action Research (PAR) involving observation and active participation of village communities in the socialization program. The results of this program show success in forming a SATGAS consisting of 17 members, as well as increasing public understanding, especially teenagers, regarding the dangers of drugs. The pocket book prepared by KKN students is also appreciated as a practical guide for the community. Collaborative strategies through education and community empowerment have succeeded in creating an environment that is more alert to drug abuse, with support from the West Java Provincial National Narcotics Agency (BNNP) which strengthens the effectiveness of the program.

Children have a strong affinity for games. In daily life, they frequently engage in both traditional and modern forms of play. These games are often viewed as essential tools for promoting children's physical and motor development, which is a critical aspect of early childhood growth. Developing motor skills is a fundamental requirement for young children, and one effective approach to fostering this development is through traditional games. This study examines the role of traditional games in enhancing children's motor skills. By engaging in these activities, it is anticipated that children will not only improve their motor abilities in a more effective and enjoyable manner but also benefit in other areas. Traditional games contribute to a child's development by: 1) promoting physical fitness, resilience, competitiveness, and overall well-being; 2) fostering mental attributes such as sportsmanship, tolerance, discipline, and a sense of democracy; 3) nurturing moral qualities including responsiveness, sensitivity, honesty, and sincerity; and 4) enhancing social skills, enabling children to compete, collaborate, practice discipline, exhibit friendliness, and develop a sense of national identity.

This study aims to determine the impact of the Sanggah Sinar program on the recovery of post-rehabilitation clients who have been returned home. Post-rehabilitation clients and even post-rehabilitation client families often experience confusion in maintaining and helping clients maintain their recovery. Real recovery is not when the client is in rehabilitation, but when the client has returned home, and will continue his new life after undergoing the rehabilitation process. This rehabilitation or recovery aims to create a new life for clients, which includes three things, namely: 1) death life or how post-rehabilitation care 2) Hope & Optimism about the future 3) Empowerment. This research technique is a qualitative research methodology that collects data by conducting interviews, observations and documentation. processing data by analyzing data. In maintaining the recovery of clients who have returned home, several actions need to be taken, require care and need to pay attention to several things. Reorientation towards a recovered life is: 1) breaking ties with the drug circle 2) improving relationships with the social environment and people 3) making oneself more productive in everyday life 4) finding valuable values ​​as motivation to recover. 5) creating new coping (strategies) 6) family as the main foundation in recovery 7) building a new identity. The Sanggah Cemerlang program as a program carried out after rehabilitation or post-rehabilitation, has a fairly good impact on post-rehabilitation clients. In accordance with the BNN guidelines on the implementation of post-rehabilitation programs, the Sanggah Cemerlang program is good. and in pastoral counseling services, to deal with the diverse Indonesian society, dealing with post-rehabilitation clients by carrying out an innovative understanding of the spiritual dimension in the paradigm of Christian psychology and religion.

Relapse is a relapse behavior that repeatedly occurs after undergoing rehabilitation characterized by the emergence of addictive mindsets, behaviors and actions after the withdrawal period. Drug cases create a sense of dependence caused by several factors, namely family factors, social factors, employment factors, psychological factors and spiritual factors. That's why the case causes uncontrolled emotions of wanting to collect. The focus of the research is to analyze in depth the psychospiritual of ODGPZ who experience continuous relapse in the Rehabilitation Workshop. The term psychospiritual refers to psychology and spirituality where the psychological dimension affects the spiritual experience and the spiritual dimension can affect psychology. Spirituality and psychology include the search for identity which raises various questions that can cause problems in oneself that make oneself anxious, depressed, unstable mood and feeling like they have no purpose in life. Psychospirituality is used as a tool or analytical knife for counselors to dismantle spiritual problems experienced by counselors and see patterns of relapsed behavior. The purpose of the study was to determine the pattern of relapse behavior for the ODGPZ group and analyze the pattern of relapse behavior using a psychospiritual perspective at the BNN Deli Serdang Rehabilitation Workshop. This study uses a qualitative research methodology with a case study method to clients who have experienced relapse. Data collection techniques were obtained by initial observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the analysis showed that the pattern of relapse behavior by ODGPZ was extraordinary enjoyment, suggestions from ODGPZ friends, increasing the spirit of activity, escaping from problems, and pressure and stigma from society. After the pattern was analyzed using a psychospiritual lens, the author found that there were clients who still found it difficult to refuse offers from ODGPZ friends, there were errors in interpreting the theological message of the Bible text, all problems were solved with drugs, finding meaning and purpose in life and social change. Therefore, psychospirituality is closely related to the intellectual and emotional of the individual which affects the mindset and behavior of individuals, especially drug user.

This study examines the role of Christian theological teachings in forming adolescent characters in the contemporary era. The modern era, characterized by technological advances and rapid social changes, brings various challenges for adolescents regarding morality, spirituality, and decision-making. Through a descriptive qualitative approach, this research uses literature studies from various relevant sources to analyze how theological education can be a strong foundation in shaping character with integrity, strengthening faith, and developing moral resilience for Christian teenagers. The results show that the teachings of Christian theology not only play a role in building a personality based on Christian values but also help teenagers face the challenges of the contemporary era wisely and resolutely.