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The purpose of this study is to find out about someone who has a mental disorder periodically committing an unlawful act, can be given legal responsibility for his actions, and the basis for the judge's considerations in sentencing the perpetrator of the crime of murder who has a mental disorder periodically. The type of research is normative legal research. The research data collection technique uses literature studies. The data will then be analyzed using qualitative analysis. The results of the study show that based on the theory of criminal responsibility, a person with a mental disorder cannot be punished because he is considered not to have the awareness and ability to be responsible or his actions, but there is a submission in the case of periodic mental disorders experienced by the defendant in the sentence, the legal status of the perpetrator does not immediately get a full element of forgiveness, in the audit the judge considered it worthy of being held criminally responsible because his actions had fulfilled the elements of criminal responsibility. The judge's decision ignored the conditions of the conversation with a history of periodic mental disorders showing weaknesses in aspects, legal certainty, benefits and protection of human rights, in contrast to the principles of legalization and violation of national law and imprisoning people who have a history or even are mentally ill does not provide benefits to the person himself.

This article aims to explore the psychological values presented in the series Daily Dose of Sunshine. Released in 2023, this medical-themed series addresses mental health issues and portrays the emotional and psychological journeys of its characters. As a series that highlights mental health, it plays a significant role in raising awareness and understanding of mental health problems. The objective of this study is to examine how the series represents psychological concepts related to mental health through the depiction of various psychological disorders. The method employed in this research is descriptive qualitative. This approach is used to observe and describe data found in the Daily Dose of Sunshine series. The data analyzed includes dialogues between characters and scenes containing psychological values. The findings indicate that the series presents several types of mental disorders, such as bipolar disorder, anxiety disorder, delusions, schizophrenia, dissociative amnesia, borderline personality disorder (BPD), pseudodementia, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression. These disorders are conveyed through dialogues and textual elements within scenes that depict each specific mental illness. Moreover, the series also illustrates other mental health issues such as insomnia, gaslighting, self-harm, and panic attacks.

Central obesity in women of reproductive age can have a negative impact on their health and is associated with the occurrence of metabolic diseases. This study aims to determine the factors associated with central obesity in women aged 15-49 years in Indonesia in 2023 using 2023 SKI data with a cross-sectional study design. The study sample was 213,309 women of reproductive age obtained using the linear systematic sampling technique. Data analysis was carried out up to multivariate analysis using the Cox Regression test. The results showed that the prevalence of central obesity in women of reproductive age was 49.11%. Age [PR = 1.96 (95% CI: 1.93 - 2.00)], occupation [PR = 1.20 (95% CI: 1.19 - 1.22)], and place of residence [PR = 1.08 (95% CI: 1.07 - 1.10)] were found to be associated with an increased risk of central obesity. Meanwhile, education level [PR = 0.97 (95% CI: 0.95 – 0.98)], physical activity [PR = 0.93 (95% CI: 0.91 – 0.94)], and emotional mental disorders [PR = 0.75 (95% CI: 0.70 – 0.80)] were found to be protective factors against central obesity. The most dominant factor with the occurrence of central obesity is age. Therefore, it is important for WUS to be aware of the risk of central obesity and implement appropriate preventive measures. Preventive efforts can be done by maintaining hormonal balance and body metabolism through a healthy lifestyle, as well as undergoing regular health checks.

This study investigates the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in reducing neurotic symptoms among young adults. Neurotic disorders, characterized by excessive anxiety, emotional instability, and psychosomatic complaints, often affect university students during transitional periods. Using a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design, 30 participants were divided equally into an experimental group receiving six sessions of CBT and a control group receiving no treatment. Data were collected through a validated neurotic disorder scale and analyzed using paired and independent sample t-tests. Results revealed a significant decrease in neurotic symptoms in the experimental group after the intervention, while the control group showed no meaningful change. The findings support the use of CBT as an effective therapeutic approach for reducing neurotic symptoms through cognitive restructuring and adaptive behavioral training. This research highlights the relevance of culturally adapted CBT in university counseling settings and encourages the development of structured group programs to address mental health issues among young adults. Further studies are recommended to explore broader applications across diverse populations and institutional contexts.

Mental health has become a crucial issue in modern life, marked by social pressures, crises of meaning, and increasing psychological disorders. In this context, Sufistic psychology emerges as a spiritual approach capable of addressing the inner needs of modern humans. Sufism emphasizes soul purification, self-control, and closeness to God as a foundation for achieving inner peace. Through practices such as dhikr (remembrance of God), muhasabah (self-reflection), tafakkur (contemplation), and tawakal (trust in God), Sufism serves as an effective spiritual coping mechanism for managing stress and strengthening psychological resilience. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a library research method to examine the role of Sufistic psychology in building mental health. The findings indicate that Sufistic psychology is not only curative but also preventive and transformative. However, its implementation still faces challenges, including mystical stigmas, low spiritual literacy, and clashes between traditional and modern values. Therefore, an integrative and contextual approach is needed so that Sufistic values can make a real contribution to improving mental health in contemporary society.  

Violent behavior is a major challenge in the care of patients with mental disorders, particularly in acute conditions such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Families and caregivers often lack the knowledge and skills needed to handle crisis situations, thereby increasing the risk of injury and patient relapse. The aim of this program was to enhance the capacity of families and caregivers in managing violent behavior through de-escalation technique training. Used was a two-day face-to-face training (May 2–3, 2025) at RSKD Dadi Makassar involving 10 participants. Activities included interactive lectures, group discussions, simulations, and pre- and post-test evaluations. The training materials were designed based on evidence-based practices, covering empathetic communication, emotional regulation, and conflict management strategies. Of the program showed an increase in understanding of de-escalation techniques from 30% to 90%, improved conflict response ability from 20% to 80%, and a reduction in violent incidents from 12 to 4 occurrences in the week following the training. All participants also expressed satisfaction with the training. De-escalation technique training proved effective in increasing the preparedness of families and caregivers in dealing with violent behavior in patients with mental disorders. This approach is essential for creating a safer, more humane, and recovery-oriented care environment

Mental health disorders such as depression, stress, and anxiety are commonly found among individuals in productive age and can have a substantial impact on their quality of life, both personally and socially. Early symptoms like fatigue, mild anxiety, or sleep disturbances, often go unrecognized as they frequently perceived as minor issues, leading to many cases remained undiagnosed during the early stages. The Community Service Program (PKM) conducted in Grogol Subdistrict aimed to raise the public awareness of the importance of early detection of mental health issues through screening using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-42). This activity adopted the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) approach, encompassing mental health education, standardized screening, and follow-up in the form of referrals to mental health professionals for participants with abnormal scores. Among 67 participants, 6 individuals (8.96%) were found to have mild to severe depressive symptoms, 19 individuals (28.36%) exhibited mild to severe anxiety symptoms, and 2 individuals (2.99%) experienced mild stress symptoms. These findings emphasized the vital role of early education and screening in preventing mental health disorders, also serves as a foundation for fostering sustained public awareness regarding the importance of maintaining psychosocial well-being.

The development of social media platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, Facebook, and YouTube has resulted in a major transformation in the way people communicate and interact, especially among Generation Z. This generation, born between 1997 and 2012, was formed in a digital environment rich in information and high social interaction. This study aims to uncover the psychological impacts of excessive social media use, such as the emergence of feelings of fear of missing out (FoMO), anxiety, low self-confidence, and identity crisis. Various studies have shown that high frequency of social media use is closely related to increased social pressure and mental health disorders. From an Islamic perspective, the Qur'an as a guide for Muslims offers spiritual solutions that can help balance the challenges of this digital era. This research underlines the importance of a faith-based approach to addressing the negative impacts of social media, and invites the younger generation to return to Qur'anic values ​​in order to achieve inner peace and strengthen their relationship with Allah SWT.

The rapid growth of social media has significantly influenced the psychological dynamics of adolescents, particularly regarding their mental health. This study aims to examine the relationship between the five dimensions of the Big Five personality traits (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness) and adolescent mental health in the digital era. Using a qualitative method with a literature review approach, the study analyzed various recent scientific sources. The findings indicate that certain personality traits, such as high neuroticism, are positively correlated with mental health issues, while others, like extraversion and conscientiousness, serve as protective factors. The interaction between personality traits and social media usage patterns also affects adolescents' levels of stress, anxiety, and tendencies toward negative behaviors such as FOMO and digital addiction. These results highlight the importance of a personalized approach in supporting adolescents, involving parents, teachers, and counselors, to prevent psychological disorders and promote mental well-being based on individual personality characteristics.

Hypertension is one of the health problems that are often experienced by the elderly. This is caused by various factors such as an unhealthy lifestyle, an unbalanced diet, and a lack of physical activity. Hypertension can result in stroke, heart disease, kidney disorders, and can even result in death. The elderly need to know how to prevent hypertension. The number of elderly people in Borisallo Village, Parangloe District, Gowa Regency is around 310 people (10.75%). The partner in the PKM of the Assisted Village is Borisallo Village which fosters the elderly in its area. Based on the problems faced by partners, the PKM service program of the Assisted Villages that is expected to be a solution is (1) Education on the prevention of hypertension in the elderly (Elderly), (2) Blood pressure checks in the elderly in Borisallo Village. This activity is financed by the UMI Waqf Foundation.  The results of the implementation of PKM in the Assisted Villages (1) Counseling on the prevention of hypertension in the elderly community has been carried out at the Borisallo Village Hall which was attended by 15 elderly people, (2) Then continued with a hypertension examination showing that in general, the blood pressure of the elderly community in Borisallo Village, Parangloe District, Gowa Regency, is still normal unless there are as many as 2 (20%). It is recommended to have comprehensive and periodic health checks on the elderly, not only hypertension, but more comprehensive, including mental health, so that the health status of the elderly can be known

This activity aims to raise awareness and understanding among PKK mothers in Padang Cermin Village, Langkat Regency, regarding the importance of mental health. Mental health issues are often overlooked, especially in rural areas where access to information and support services is limited, and where social stigma against mental disorders persists. Lack of knowledge about the early signs of mental health disorders can cause preventable problems to develop into more serious conditions. Through this outreach activity, participants were introduced to the basic concepts of mental health, the factors that influence it, the early signs of mental disorders such as prolonged stress, anxiety, and depression, and simple steps that can be taken to maintain mental health within the family environment. Methods used included interactive material delivery, educational videos, group discussions, and question-and-answer sessions, allowing participants to understand the material more deeply and relate it to their personal experiences. Additionally, practical tips were provided, such as breathing relaxation techniques, establishing positive communication within the family, time management, and the importance of social support among community members. This approach is expected to empower mothers, as central figures in the family, to recognize, prevent, and address mental health issues early on. The results of the activity showed a very positive response. Participants demonstrated high enthusiasm, openness in sharing experiences, and a greater awareness of the importance of maintaining mental health. Many participants acknowledged that they previously lacked understanding of the importance of mental health care and tended to ignore early symptoms. This activity demonstrated the strategic role of community-based mental health education in preventative efforts to create healthier, more harmonious, and more resilient families. Going forward, follow-up efforts in the form of regular mentoring programs, dissemination of advanced educational materials, and collaboration with relevant parties are needed to ensure continued understanding and support for mental health issues in rural communities.

Adolescent girls are susceptible to nutritional and psychological problems due to changes during puberty. Selective eating behavior and negative body image perceptions may affect nutritional intake, potentially leading to eating disorders and mental health issues. This study aimed to examine the relationship between food selectivity and body image with nutritional status in adolescent girls. A quantitative, cross-sectional design was used, involving 89 purposively sampled female adolescents aged 15–19 years from a population of 790. Anthropometric measurements were conducted using a microtoise and a digital scale, and data were analyzed using the chi-square test. Results showed that 17.5% of participants were undernourished. There was no significant association between food selectivity and nutritional status (p = 0.454), but a significant association was found between negative body image and abnormal nutritional status (p = 0.001). In conclusion, body image is significantly associated with nutritional status, whereas food selectivity is not, among adolescent girls at SMA Negeri 2 Palu.  

Sleep disturbances in infants can cause significant physiological and psychological impacts, such as decreased immune function, impaired cognitive development, and an increased risk of emotional problems (Tanty & Pramesti, 2023). Poor sleep not only inhibits physical growth but also affects infants’ mental development, including attention disorders, anxiety, and low cognitive abilities (Hendri & Sari, 2021). Therefore, it is important to provide effective interventions to improve infants’ sleep quality. This study aimed to determine the effect of baby massage on infant sleep quality at BPM Aida Nospita, Manunggal Village, Labuhan Deli Subdistrict, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province, in 2025. This research employed a quasi-experimental method with a pretest–posttest design using an experimental group and a control group, also known as a pretest–posttest with control group design, which is a form of quasi-experimental research design. The population of this study consisted of all infants aged 3–6 months at BPM Aida Nospita, Manunggal Village, Labuhan Deli Subdistrict, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province, totaling 32 infants, with 16 infants in the experimental group and 16 infants in the control group. The results of the statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon test showed a significant probability value of 0.001 (p < 0.05). This indicates that the null hypothesis (H₀) was rejected and the alternative hypothesis (H₁) was accepted, meaning that baby massage had a significant effect on sleep quality among infants at BPM Aida Nospita, Manunggal Village, Labuhan Deli Subdistrict, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province, in 2025.

Technological development has brought significant changes to the world of education, notably through the implementation of digital learning systems. However, these changes have also significantly impacted students' mental health. This research aims to analyze various factors affecting students' mental health in the digital learning era and to identify their impacts. This study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology using various published journals. Analysis was conducted using Huber and Miles' interactive analysis model. The results reveal that high academic workload, lack of social interaction, technology dependence, inequitable learning access, and limited emotional support are the main factors affecting students' mental health. Common impacts include academic stress, anxiety, mild to severe depression, digital fatigue, and physical health disorders. Therefore, collaborative efforts from students, families, educational institutions, and government are needed to create a healthy digital learning system.

Technological development has brought significant changes to the world of education, notably through the implementation of digital learning systems. However, these changes have also significantly impacted students' mental health. This research aims to analyze various factors affecting students' mental health in the digital learning era and to identify their impacts. This study employs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) methodology using various published journals. Analysis was conducted using Huber and Miles' interactive analysis model. The results reveal that high academic workload, lack of social interaction, technology dependence, inequitable learning access, and limited emotional support are the main factors affecting students' mental health. Common impacts include academic stress, anxiety, mild to severe depression, digital fatigue, and physical health disorders. Therefore, collaborative efforts from students, families, educational institutions, and government are needed to create a healthy digital learning system.

Schizophrenia is a severe neuropsychiatric disorder that affects approximately 1% of the population, and is characterized by serious impairments in cognition, emotion and social functioning. The MTHFR gene is a key enzyme in folic acid metabolism, which plays an important role in biochemical processes in the body. One of the common genetic polymorphisms in MTHFR is C677T (rs1801133). Relevant articles were searched through an electronic database, Google Scholar, using the keywords “Relationship Between MTHFR C677T Gene and Schizophrenia”. MTHFR C677T can affect homocysteine metabolism, which in turn can affect the production of brain neurotransmitters such as dopamine and serotonin. An imbalance of these neurotransmitters has long been associated with schizophrenia. Environmental factors, such as stress, trauma, and social factors, also play an important role in the development of mental disorders, along with genetic factors such as MTHFR C677T.  

Patients with mental disorders often face a decrease in the quality of their ability to carry out daily activities and social interactions. One of the factors that can affect the quality of life of patients with mental disorders is their self-care ability. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between self-care ability and quality of life of schizophrenia patients at Prof. Dr. V. L. Ratumbuysang Mental Hospital. This Method of research is correlation and uses cross sectional research design. The population in this study amounted to 52 patients with schizophrenia, the sampling technique used purposive sampling technique using inclusion criteria so that the sample obtained was 32 patients. The results of this study are based on the Sperman Rho test the result of the p value is 0.000 which is smaller than the significant value (a = 0.05), then the correlation coefficient is also found to be 0.752 which can be interpreted in the strong relationship category, thus it can be said that in this study H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted which means that there is a relationship between self-care skills and the quality of life of schizophrenic patients at Prof. Dr. V. L. Ratumbuysang Mental Hospital. The conclusion of this study is a significant relationship between the role of nurses and the implementation of self-care in schizophrenic patients, the better the self-care skills, the better the quality of life in patients with schizophrenic mental disorders Guidance and coaching provided by nurses can help patients develop better self-care skills

People with mental illness are people who have physical, mental, social, growth, development, and quality of life problems. Family can be a key factor in healing. Families must have cognitive, affective and psychomotor abilities. The purpose of the study was to find out the correlation between knowledge about mental disorders with the ability of families to care for people with mental disorders at the Poigar Health Center, Poigar District. The study used descriptive analytic method with cross sectional approach. The sample was 33 respondents with non probability sampling, total sampling technique. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires. The data that has been collected was then processed by running the SPSS computer program version 25.0 to be analyzed with the chi square statistical test with a significance level (α) of 0.05. The results of the study with the chi square test showed a p-value of 0.000 with a significant level <0.05. The p-value (0.000) is smaller than α (0.05) so that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted. The conclusion is that there is a significant correlation between knowledge about mental disorders with the ability of families to care for people with mental disorders.

Generation Z (born 1997–2012) in Indonesia experiences an increase in anxiety disorders due to social media pressure, academic stress, social isolation, and future uncertainty. Modern psychological approaches such as cognitive-behavioral therapy are widely used, but often do not involve the spiritual aspects that are important in Indonesian culture. This research aims to examine the handling of anxiety in Generation Z through the perspective of Islamic philosophy, especially the thought of Ibn Sina. The method used is a literature study with a qualitative descriptive approach. The results of the study show that Ibn Sina views mental health as a balance between body, soul, and intellect (vegetable, animal, and rational nafs). It offers a holistic approach that includes physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual therapies, such as art, music, prayer, and dhikr. This approach has the potential to help Generation Z deal with anxiety not only from a medical perspective, but also through strengthening the meaning of life and spirituality. The contribution of this research is to provide a philosophical framework that integrates modern psychological interventions with Islamic spiritual traditions, thereby offering a more culturally relevant approach to dealing with anxiety in adolescents.

Mental health is an important indicator of the overall public health status. Mental health surveillance through screening serves as a strategy for early detection of mental disorders and continuous case monitoring. In Indonesia, approximately 630,827 individuals or about 2.0% of the population aged >15 years are reported to have mental health problems based on provincial data. This study was conducted at Cilembang Public Health Center, Tasikmalaya City, using a mixed-method approach that combines quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative sample was selected using total sampling, involving 35 new cases of people with mental disorders (ODGJ) recorded in 2024. Meanwhile, qualitative subjects were selected through purposive sampling, involving surveillance officers engaged in the mental health program. The qualitative findings cover the input, process, and output components of the surveillance implementation. Results show that the mental health surveillance program at Cilembang PHC is supported by various health personnel, funding from the BOK program, and the SIMKESWA digital system integrated with the Ministry of Health. Active surveillance is carried out through community and school screenings using the SDQ and SRQ-20 instruments, followed by diagnosis, counseling, and initial management. The program exceeded the target for identifying severe ODGJ cases. However, screening among individuals aged ≥15 years has not been optimally implemented due to competing program priorities.