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Racism and gender bias are two major barriers affecting the growth and business opportunities for entrepreneurs in the Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) sector in Indonesia. Despite the significant contribution of MSMEs to Indonesia’s economy, women entrepreneurs and those from minority ethnic groups often face challenges in accessing financing, business networks, and broader markets. This article examines the direct and indirect impacts of racial discrimination and gender bias on MSME entrepreneurs, while identifying strategies that can be implemented to create a more inclusive and equitable entrepreneurial ecosystem. Through a literature review and secondary data analysis, this study finds that women entrepreneurs in Indonesia access only 10% of the total loans given to MSMEs, while male entrepreneurs access over 70%. It is recommended that government policies strengthen support for women and minority entrepreneurs through more inclusive financing policies, as well as providing more open mentorship programs and business networks for marginalized groups. By reducing racial discrimination and gender bias, it is hoped that the MSME sector can grow more evenly and sustainably, thereby enhancing Indonesia’s economic competitiveness

This research aims to evaluate the level of usability and user satisfaction with the Amikom University Purwokerto student affairs website using the System Usability Scale (SUS) method. This method was chosen because of its simplicity in providing reliable and fast results through a survey based on 10 statements with a Likert scale. The research respondents were active students at Amikom University, Purwokerto, who were selected using a sampling method based on the Slovin formula with a total sample of 97 respondents. Data is collected through an online questionnaire that measures aspects of convenience, satisfaction and system reliability. The analysis results show an average SUS value of 58.85, which is classified in the Marginal Low category based on the interpretation of the SUS scale. These findings indicate that the website has not fully met user expectations in terms of usability, even though it provides relevant features and services. Therefore, improvements are needed in user interface elements, navigation, and design consistency to improve user experience. This research makes an important contribution to the development of information systems in higher education by identifying weaknesses that can be improved to achieve better efficiency and satisfaction.

Globalization has induced substantial changes across multiple facets of life in Indonesia, encompassing social, economic, and cultural dimensions. This study seeks to examine the effects of globalization on social inequality and poverty in Indonesia. The results demonstrate that globalization generates significant opportunities via access to global markets, foreign capital, and cutting-edge technologies. Nonetheless, these advantages are not uniformly allocated, leading to increasing societal inequalities. Communities possessing access to education, technology, and economic resources are more adept at leveraging globalization, but marginalized groups, such as the rural impoverished, often fall behind. Transformations in economic frameworks, urban development, and the impact of global culture intensify regional and socioeconomic disparities. While globalization can alleviate poverty via economic expansion, its advantages frequently favor particular demographics, therefore exacerbating the disparity between the affluent and the impoverished. This study underscores the significance of inclusive and equitable measures to alleviate the adverse effects of globalization. The government must improve access to education, technology, and economic opportunities for marginalized people while bolstering regional development to promote equality. Effective management of globalization can facilitate sustainable development and mitigate social inequality in Indonesia. Without sufficient action, globalization threatens to intensify inequalities and poverty within society.

:Pakistan is a developing country. Its transportation infrastructure mainly consists of road network. About 95% passengers and fright is transported using the road network. This high demand on road network is because of the unreliable railway system between the cities. Due to such high demand on road network the accident involvement risk of an individual is much high as compared to developed countries. This study uses a new modeling approach to estimate road safety risk for WTP.  A correlated random parameters Tobit model (heterogeneity-in-mean) is integrated with machine learning (Decision tree).  The decision tree categorizes higher-order interactions, while the model captures unobserved correlations and heterogeneity. The framework examines WTP determinants using a representative sample of 3178 road users from Pakistan. The model estimates WTP for different (fatal and severe injury) risk reductions to monetize road traffic crash costs. Results show maximum respondents are willing to support safety improvement policies. The model reveals significant WTP heterogeneity linked to perceptions of road safety and accident risk. Systematic preference heterogeneity emerges through higher-order interactions, offering insights into WTP relationships. Marginal effects highlight varying sensitivities to explanatory variables, quantifying their impact on WTP probability and magnitude. The framework provides two key contributions. It identifies public WTP determinants, emphasizing heterogeneous effects. It also helps in prioritization safety policies by understanding public sensitivity to WTP. The insights further emphasizing on the importance of road safety interventions to the specific socio-economic profiles of road users. This study offers a significant contribution to road safety improvement by providing valuable recommendations for policy makers. By integrating detailed socio-economic factors, it also addresses the urgent need for targeted traffic safety interventions in Pakistan. These findings are expected to aid policymakers and stakeholders in developing effective strategies to enhance road safety and reduce the accident involvement risk effectively.

The poem Mata Luka Sengkon Karta Peri Sandi has a strong sociological element. This poem focuses on the problem of legal injustice and other social realities. This is done through a sociological literary approach. The people depicted in this poem, Sengkon and Karta, are representations of people who are victims of errors in the Indonesian legal system. This poem uses expressive and symbolic language to describe the helplessness, suffering, and hopes of the oppressed. This study aims to determine how the social and political context influences the creation of the poem, as well as how the poem functions as a social critique of the state of law in Indonesia. This study finds that Mata Luka Sengkon Karta is not only an aesthetic work; it also functions as a tool to convey the voices of marginalized communities, using the theory of sociology of literature.

Dumping, characterized by selling goods at below-market prices in export markets, poses significant ethical and economic concerns in global trade. Islamic law (shariah), with its emphasis on justice, equity, and harm reduction, provides a unique lens for analyzing such practices. This review synthesizes insights from scholarly works to explore the compatibility of Islamic legal principles with anti-dumping measures. Key findings include Islamic jurisprudence’s proactive stance against predatory pricing (siyasah al-ighraq) for its potential to harm market stability and marginalize smaller producers. Studies show that Islamic law prioritizes public welfare (maslahah) and promotes ethical market behaviors, offering alternative regulatory perspectives to address trade malpractice. Through case studies like Indonesia’s WTO defense on paper dumping and comparative analyses with Saudi trade laws, this review highlights the robust ethical foundation Islamic law brings to contemporary international trade debates. The synthesis concludes by advocating integrative frameworks to harmonize Islamic ethics with global trade governance.

Global food demand continues to increase, but over-farming without considering environmental sustainability has led to land degradation. This can result in decreased crop yields. However, this problem can be solved by applying environmentally friendly farming methods using beneficial microbiomes that can improve soil health and increase crop productivity. This research aims to explore the role of the soil microbiome in enhancing crop productivity and crop resilience to biotic and abiotic stresses and supporting soil health, which enables the use of eco-agricultural approaches to solve these problems. This research utilizes the literature review technique, which involves analyzing, summarizing, evaluating and synthesizing documents from various references. This method aims to improve our understanding of how microorganisms promote plant growth in degraded soils. The results show that soil microbes improve soil quality and control plant diseases. Crop production on marginal lands can be sustainably increased with the use of the microbiome. In addition, the microbiome helps sustainable agriculture by reducing our dependence on synthetic chemicals, reducing environmental pollution and supporting food security worldwide, and supporting food security worldwide.  

Advances in information technology have encouraged government agencies to implement electronic-based systems to improve the effectiveness, efficiency, and transparency of services. The Community and Village Empowerment Service of Magetan Regency uses the Presence and Performance Application System Si Apik application to record the attendance of State Civil Apparatus as part of the E-Government program. This study aims to evaluate the usability of the Si Apik application using the System Usability Scale method to measure the level of user satisfaction. The research approach involves descriptive qualitative and quantitative methods, with data collection through observation, SUS questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews. The results showed an average SUS score of 52.59, which is in the marginal category, with a grade D and an "OK" rating. This score indicates that the system still has technical constraints, such as network connections and application errors, which affect ease of use. Recommendations for improvement include optimizing features, increasing system stability, and providing clearer technical guidance. This study provides strategic input for the Community and Village Empowerment Service of Magetan Regency in improving the quality of Si Apik application services.