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Logic is a branch of philosophy that discusses the rules, principles, laws and methods or procedures in achieving knowledge rationally and correctly, it is also a way to gain knowledge by using reason, words and language that is done systematically. Logic can be systematized into several groups depending on which perspective we see it from, seen from its quality logic can be divided into two namely naturalist logic (natural logic) and artificialist logic (scientific logic). Reasoning is a thought process in drawing a conclusion in the form of knowledge. Humans are essentially beings who think, feel, behave, and act. His attitudes and actions are based on knowledge gained through feeling or thinking activities. Reasoning produces knowledge that is associated with thinking activities. Reasoning is a thought process in drawing a conclusion in the form of knowledge. So reasoning is one or a process in thinking that combines two or more thoughts to draw a conclusion to get new knowledge. Nowadays, understanding and knowledge of logic, reasoning, and argumentation are increasingly needed not only for academics but also for members of society who deal with problems, especially technology, every day. Most of Indonesia is vulnerable to the spread of hate speech and fake news in cyberspace. This fake news often contains elements of hate speech against certain groups, such as ethnicity, religion, race, or class (referred to as SARA), which can trigger division and conflict in society.

In the 21st century, the acquisition of English as a second language is very important for a group of children in Walal Village who are currently studying at elementary school. This is useful for supporting 6 skills of 21st century education, namely critical thinking, communication, creativity, collaboration, culture and connectivity. Walal Village is one of the model villages in Sorong Regency which has a high enthusiasm for creating the latest breakthroughs, especially in the field of education. Walal Village is located in Salawati District which must be traveled 35 kilometers from Sorong City. Thus, access to information related to education is very limited for children in Walal Village. In this case, students of the Community Service Lecture (KPM) at the Muhammadiyah Sorong Education University provided one month of English literacy assistance for the children of Kampung Walal community. The aim of this assistance is an effort to empower Human Resources (HR) through a community empowerment program for English language learning guidance.  This English literacy assistance is very important to provide to Walal Village children who are already aware of the importance of English around them. This program is also related to the description of the Walal Village Government's vision and mission in developing human resources in terms of quality education. English literacy assistance includes acquiring English, processing language in the form of remembering and memorizing words or terms, and understanding meanings that can be applied to listening, reading, speaking and writing skill activities. The efforts of this English literacy assistance are to change the mindset of the children of Walal Village that learning English is fun, regardless of age, and affordable. In fact, through mentoring, children in Walal Village experience changes in knowledge and attitudes during the English literacy process.

The use of Javanese in society is an important challenge in an increasingly connected era of globalization. The phenomenon of diglossia, where two or more language variants are used in one language community, is important to research. This research aims to explore the dynamics of diglossia in Javanese-speaking communities using a sociolinguistic approach and literary studies. The literature study method is used to collect data from various relevant literary sources, including books, literature, notes and other sources. The data analyzed includes findings about the use of Javanese in various life contexts, factors that influence diglossia, and the social and cultural impact of changes in language use patterns. The research results show that social and technological changes have brought about a shift in the use of Javanese, with the younger generation tending to switch to Indonesian or foreign languages ​​in daily communication. Factors such as education level, age, social stratification, and family attitudes influence language use preferences in society. In facing these changes, efforts to develop the Javanese language are very important to maintain local language and culture in this era of globalization.

The use of Javanese in society is an important challenge in an increasingly connected era of globalization. The phenomenon of diglossia, where two or more language variants are used in one language community, is important to research. This research aims to explore the dynamics of diglossia in Javanese-speaking communities using a sociolinguistic approach and literary studies. The literature study method is used to collect data from various relevant literary sources, including books, literature, notes and other sources. The data analyzed includes findings about the use of Javanese in various life contexts, factors that influence diglossia, and the social and cultural impact of changes in language use patterns. The research results show that social and technological changes have brought about a shift in the use of Javanese, with the younger generation tending to switch to Indonesian or foreign languages ​​in daily communication. Factors such as education level, age, social stratification, and family attitudes influence language use preferences in society. In facing these changes, efforts to develop the Javanese language are very important to maintain local language and culture in this era of globalization.

Phubbing comes from a combination of phone and snubbing, which is defined as an attitude of hurting the interlocutor by using a smartphone excessively. This study aims to determine the relationship or correlation between apathy and the phubbing phenomenon and identify the impact of the phubbing phenomenon on the Indonesian language learning process of high school / equivalent in Bandung. This research uses quantitative methods by using respondents as research subjects. The data source was obtained by the authors using a survey method where the authors distributed questionnaires to respondents directly and through an online questionnaire (google form). The results showed a correlation indicating that phubbing does not contribute to the increase of apathy in the adolescent population in the process of learning Indonesian language at SMA / equivalent in Bandung. The psychosocial implications of these findings open up room for the development of better intervention strategies in managing gadget use among adolescents to promote mental health and more positive social interactions.

This research aimed to analyze the content of the English textbook "English for International Tourism" by Peter Strutt using the approach proposed by Brian Tomlinson. The research utilized a qualitative descriptive technique through checklist observations of several indicators of book content criteria. The analysis focused on the relevance, coherence, learner engagement, suitability, readability, and creativity of the materials presented in both textbooks. The findings revealed that "English for International Tourism" successfully presented updated, varied, engaging, and challenging content that not only fostered learner engagement in the tourism industry but also aided in developing learners' confidence and relevant language skills. Moreover, this book met various criteria for effective language learning materials, including facilitating learner comfort, building confidence, providing relevant and useful content, and offering opportunities for communicative language use. The book also considered various learning styles, affective attitudes, and provided feedback for delayed positive instructional effects.

This study focuses on the attitude framework to explore differences between two media sources, aiming to determine if they have different perspectives on the same recent issue or share similar opinions. The article was analyzed based on an attitude framework consisting of appreciation, affect, judgment, and amplification based on Eggins & Slade’s theory and Martin & Slade’s theory. The data were analyzed in a qualitative approach. The findings found that that 60 lexical items in Aljazeera and 26 lexical items found in BBC that can be categorized in attitude. As it can be seen from the total of both Aljazeera and BBC, Appreciation has the higher number in attitude with 43% and 50%. The findings show that how news media strategically employ language to shape perceptions and engage audiences, adapting their linguistic strategies to effectively convey attitudes and viewpoints on current affairs. 

This research discusses the effect of the storytelling method conducted by Sunday School teachers on the understanding of the Bible in children aged 3-6 years.  The decline of attitude in early childhood is a cause for concern. This decline in attitude is caused by one of the problems, namely the lack of understanding of the Bible. The lack of teaching the Bible to children from an early age is a matter of concern. The storytelling method is a learning approach that prioritizes narratives or stories as the main medium in the religious learning process. Through interesting and interactive narratives, this method aims to increase children's understanding, engagement, creativity, and cognition, as well as forming positive attitudes towards religion and transferring moral values. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach by collecting data from various literature sources related to the research topic. Data analysis was conducted systematically using a qualitative approach to generate new insights that can increase understanding of existing knowledge. The results showed that the storytelling method had a significant impact in several aspects. Firstly, it increases children's engagement in religious learning, allowing them to be actively involved and building a strong interest in the Bible. Second, it influences the growth of children's positive attitude towards religion, positively shaping their character and morality. Third, the storytelling method facilitates a deeper understanding of the Bible, allowing children to internalize the spiritual and moral values contained in the Bible stories. Fourth, it helps in the development of children's language and cognitive skills, enriching their learning experience. Fifth, the storytelling method facilitates the transfer of moral values, allowing children to understand moral concepts and develop attitudes that are in line with religious teachings. So, the storytelling method practiced by Sunday School teachers has a significant impact on the understanding of the Bible in children aged 3-6 years. This approach is not just about transferring knowledge, but also about shaping the child's character, morality and attitude towards religion. Therefore, it is important for religious educators to consider using the storytelling method in Bible learning for pre-school children in Sunday school.

The importance of mastering English for students is something that needs to be considered, both by teaching staff and students themselves. This is because the ever-growing advances in science and technology require individuals to be able to master English language skills. This Community Service activity aims to provide training so that students can increase learning motivation, self-confidence, hone skills, increase knowledge and improve integrated abilities in English. Activities were carried out at the Muhammadiyah University of Jambi. This activity is aimed at students who are interested and want to improve their English language skills as many as 23 students. This English training received a positive response from students. It can also be concluded that this activity was successful and successful. This can be seen from changes in students' behavior and attitudes in dealing with English. Students begin to be confident and attractive in communicating using English.

In Indonesia, where different languages co-exist and where English is used as a foreign language, the learners' attitudes and motivational orientation toward English play an important role in formulating effective learning strategies. This article aimed to examine the attitudes of Indonesian students toward learning English as a foreign language and to understand the motivational orientations that result from their attitudes. A secondary objective of this research was to find the appropriate learning strategy that can be used for high school students in Indonesian education based on the result of the research. Fifty high school students in the second grade from sciences and social sciences major were asked to respond to questionnaires that measured their attitudes and orientations. The results indicated positive attitudes toward learning English as a foreign language with a clear instrumental orientation. Hence, the study highlighted that Self-Regulated Learning (SRL) became the appropriate learning strategy. Despite a strong desire to learn English to gain access to international markets, the status of Bahasa remains secure as it is viewed as a symbol of national integration.

Currently, mobile technology developments are increasing rapidly. Crompton and Burke (2018) conveyed that smartphone as one of mobile technology is is rapidly advancing. Approximately 90% of students possessed a smartphone, and a few even had multiple mobile phones. (Wong et al., 2010; Bhati & Song, 2019). This study aimed to examine how the students perceive the utilization of “Splash” as a media on learning listening skill. Splash is one of android program that developed by the English team in Stekom University. It is made for improve students’ listening skill and grammar skill. This research used quantitative descriptive. The sample consists of 50 students who taken language class. The result showed that there are positive attitudes from the students about the usage of “Splash” to improve listening skill. They can use it every time and everywhere without worried running out of internet package because this application doesn’t need internet package to use. The students also found that the content of this application is interesting. They also got post-activity activities and tasks to help them improve their skills.

Indonesian is not only a practical communication tool, but also an element of national identity that plays an important role in uniting individuals, groups, and society as a whole. The development of Indonesian has progressed rapidly, and millennials play a key role in this dynamic. The influence of the millennial generation is not only reflected in the use of everyday language, but also involves the creation of new words that reflect the changing times. The language behavior of the millennial generation, especially among students of the Faculty of Da'wah Class of 2022, is the focus of this study. Through descriptive analysis methods and quantitative analysis using online questionnaires, this study aims to examine the attitude of the millennial generation towards Indonesian. The results showed that this millennial generation They use Indonesian as a means of daily communication, and they find it important to maintain the authenticity of the language in an era of rapidly evolving technology. In this context, the millennial generation is expected to be agents who promote and maintain the sustainability of Indonesian. Despite the influence of slang and technological developments, the millennial generation of the Faculty of Da'wah Class of 2022 shows awareness of the importance of maintaining the authenticity of Indonesian as part of national identity. It is hoped that sustainability and sustainability of Indonesian can continue to be maintained through collaborative efforts and millennial generation's awareness of the importance of this cultural heritage.

Sehati Kebayan Early Childhood Education (PAUD), Brang Biji Village, Sumbawa Besar is a school that has students from various religions, including; Islam, Christianity and Catholicism. In developing religious aspects, this school emphasizes 2 (two) religious dimensions, namely, firstly, it is very important for young children to be introduced to religion so that children internalize religious values in worship. Second, children are instilled with the attitude of religious tolerance from an early age so that children are accustomed to the attitude of tolerance among their friends even though they have different religions. Based on this brief background, the researcher focused on the research, namely how is the implementation of religious education for early childhood at PAUD Sehati Kebayan Kelahan Brang Biji? This research uses a qualitative research method approach which is directed at field research. The subjects in this research were Islamic, Christian and Catholic religious teachers. Meanwhile, the object of this research is strategies for developing religious worship and religious tolerance. Using interview, observation and documentation techniques. The validity of the data is measured using method and source triangulation techniques. Data analysis was carried out using data reduction steps, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of research on the implementation of religious education in early childhood include 3 (three) implementation activities of religious education, namely 1) routine learning activities, including; praying together with different prayer methods/attitudes but the content of the prayer is general and uses Indonesian, English and Mandarin, 2) integrated learning activities, including; activities to develop cognitive, physical motor, language and arts aspects that are integrated with the development of religious values, and 3) special learning activities, including; faith, prayers/ways of worship, prayers, reading and understanding religious books, religious songs or praises, introducing fasting and introducing days of worship or commemoration days of each religion.

The cosmetic industry in Indonesia has experienced rapid development with the emergence of various local and global cosmetic brands. Therefore, every cosmetic company needs to have a strategy to capture the market. One of the strategies that can be used is foreign branding which involves giving brand names using foreign languages aimed at influencing brand image dimensions, consumer perceptions, and attitudes towards the products. This research aims to determine the influence of foreign branding on purchase intention mediated by perceived product quality of Luxcrime products. This study is a quantitative research with a descriptive approach. The sample used consists of 100 students majoring in Management at the Faculty of Economics and Business, State University of Makassar. Data collection was conducted through literature study and survey. The data analysis technique used is Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis. The results of the study indicate that foreign branding does not have a positive and significant effect on purchase intention of Luxcrime products, foreign branding has a positive and significant effect on perceived product quality of Luxcrime products, perceived product quality has a positive and significant effect on the purchase intention of Luxcrime products and perceived product quality mediates the relationship between foreign branding and purchase intention of Luxcrime products

The questions that arise as problems in this research arise, namely: 1) Are there signs or symbols regarding the appreciation of the value of diversity as a reinforcement of Indonesian human identity at SDN 049/IV Jambi Timur 2) Do individuals within them maintain harmony and mutual respect for differences in the world? SDN 049/Iv Jambi Timur school and 3) Has the appreciation of Pancasila values at SDN 049/Iv Jambi Timur been implemented as an effort to strengthen Indonesian human identity? This research uses qualitative research. This method is used to examine natural objects and the researcher acts as an instrument. key. The data collection techniques used are triangulation (combination) of data and data analysis. Researchers must describe data according to reality without adding or subtracting from existing holistic data and describing it using words and language. The appreciation of Pancasila values in schools strengthens the identity of Indonesian people, carried out through experience and strengthening the profile of Pancasila students, namely having faith, being devoted to God Almighty, and having noble character, global diversity, working together, being independent, reasoning critically, and being creative when you are in school. in the school environment and in the classroom. The values, norms and ethics that have been contained in Pancasila have truly become a very complete and rounded part and can be integrated with the personality of every school member. So, it can form patterns of behavior, thought patterns and patterns of action and provide direction. The Indonesian education system is structured based on the culture of the Indonesian nation and is based on Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution as a form of embodiment of the life values of the Indonesian nation. The application or cultivation of values in every detail Pancasila must be taught so that individuals have attitudes and behavior that are in accordance with the noble character of the nation and do not deviate from Pancasila values which are in accordance with the principles of Pancasila. Character education needs to use Pancasila as the philosophical or ideological basis for its implementation. The use of Pancasila as a philosophical and ideological basis for character education will be able to provide direction to the knowledge system that will be built, the value system that will be fostered and developed, the basis for developing competencies that will reflect the Indonesian human character that will be formed, and how the Indonesian human character will be formed. will be fully implemented.

This study aims to discover language choices of third year English students at Udinus in following domains: settings, participants, and topics as well as to examine those students' attitudes to Javanese. The study used descriptive qualitative method since it focused on examining the respondents to gain profound information from them. The data were collected through the questionnaire consisting of questions about the respondents' backgrounds, language choice and language attitudes to Javanese language. Language attitudes are measured with likert scale composed answers from strongly disagree, disagree, neutral, agree, and strongly agree. The questionnaire was distributed to 20 English students of third year of Udinus who are able to speak Javanese or were born and live in one of the cities in Javanese-speaking provinces. The data were analyzed using descriptive method. It was meant to describe and interpret the data descriptively. The findings revealed the use of mix of Javanese and Indonesian and Indonesian itself are more popular in the most parts of domains due to factors of social dimensions; however, overall the respondents show favorable attitudes to Javanese. It can become input and output for related institutions to make sure its sustainability and its rising by producing program.

This academic exploration delves into the nuanced competencies and dynamics shaping the academic journey of Semester 1 cadets at a distinguished Maritime Institute. Focusing on computer literacy, technological proficiency, and sociocultural influences, our qualitative descriptive approach seeks to unveil the intricate dimensions of contemporary maritime education. The assessment of computer literacy reveals varying competencies, urging the need for a tailored curriculum. While basics like office software and digital navigation are strong, disparities in data analysis proficiency call for targeted interventions. The implications highlight the necessity for a stratified curriculum, ensuring a comprehensive skill set in line with modern maritime demands. Cadets overwhelmingly endorse technology's role in enhancing education, signalling a paradigm shift. Positive attitudes towards online resources, digital simulations, and e-learning platforms advocate for an institutional embrace of cutting-edge tools. Recommendations focus on faculty development and increased technology integration, promising an enriched pedagogical landscape. The exploration of sociocultural influences uncovers a delicate balance between tradition and the necessity of English proficiency. Nuanced strategies are essential to integrate diverse cultural backgrounds. Recommendations call for cultural awareness initiatives and language support programs, aligning the institution with the global orientation of maritime education. In qualitative insights, cadets express a collective desire for a more intentional curriculum, particularly in incorporating cultural perspectives. This aligns with the broader scholarly discourse advocating for holistic education. Proposed avenues include workshops, seminars, and collaborations with cultural experts, providing a roadmap for curriculum development congruent with the diverse needs of Semester 1 cadets. This research, rooted in rigorous academic inquiry, serves as a guide for the Maritime Institute, steering its trajectory towards producing technologically adept professionals who are equally culturally astute, ready to navigate the complex global maritime landscape.

Indonesia is a country with a diverse society, namely having various ethnic groups, languages, customs, customs, beliefs and social layers. With this diversity, Indonesia is rich in culture, but currently culture in Indonesia is starting to fade due to the lack of insight and understanding of the people around the culture. Lack of cultural literacy and citizenship is one of the reasons why national culture is gradually disappearing in social life. Thus, through cultural and civic literacy, people are expected to have knowledge about history, contributions and perspectives about culture as well as be able to apply it and understand and have a positive attitude towards Indonesian culture as a national identity amidst the diversity of Indonesian society.

This research was carried out against the background of player behavior in the Mobile Legends Bang Bang game, in the Mobile Legends Bang Bang game Toxic behavior often occurs in the Mobile Legends Bang Bang Online Game, where this behavior often occurs when in a team there is a player who plays very aggressively. bad, doing feeders, differences in countries, differences in ethnicity, even differences in religion and so on. This research aims to find out (1) How toxic behavior takes the form of sarcasm in the online game Mobile Legends Bang Bang, (2) How toxic behavior takes the form of cynicism in the online game Mobile Legends Bang Bang. This research is field research and uses a qualitative approach. The research location is the barracks/boarding house where you live. Data sources in this research include data on the research location and data regarding mobile legends from players and barrack/boarding house owners. Secondary data consists of data from the online game Mobile Legends and toxic behavior obtained from other sources. The data collection technique used is through observation and documentation. For technical data analysis using data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. Toxic in the form of sarcasm is a rude insult intended to hurt other people in the Mobile Legends game. The team is annoyed at players who are considered bad and burden the team. Toxic cynicism criticizes in a frank language style that fits the facts. Cynicism or excessive skepticism is a condescending attitude that is detrimental and hurts the feelings of others. It involves negative or cynical judgments of other people, ideas, or situations with the aim of ridiculing or feeling better than the other person. This text will be shortened to a few sentences or important points, while maintaining the essence of the information conveyed.

What is the id of the main character in the novel Teluk Alaska by Eka Aryani and (2) What is the ego of the main character in the novel Teluk Alaska by Eka Aryani (3) What is the superego of the main character in the novel Teluk Alaska by Eka Aryani (4) How to trigger learning about the inner conflict of the main character in the novel Teluk Alaska by Eka Aryani in high school. The method used is a descriptive method using qualitative analysis which describes the inner conflict that occurs in the main character. Data collection is used by reading and taking notes. The data source for this research is the novel Teluk Alaska by Eka Aryani with 408 pages published by Coconut Books, first printed in 2019. Based on the study and discussion of research results, it can be concluded that the characters Ana and Alister are protagonists who have id, ego and superego personality aspects. The most prominent personality aspect of Ana's character is the superego aspect, so that Ana's character has a patient attitude and is more concerned with other people's feelings than her own. Meanwhile, the most prominent personality aspect of the character Alister is the id aspect, so Alister has a personality that tends to be difficult to control himself and easily influences situations. The novel Teluk Alaska by Eka Aryani is suitable to be used as literature teaching material in high school, it can clearly help and support as a means of supporting the enrichment of students' reading in addition to certain novels which are used as learning material by literature teachers. It can be seen from the perspective of language, mental maturity (psychology) of students, and cultural background.