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Acute Respiratory Tract Infection (ARI) is a health problem that still occurs frequently, especially in areas with limited access to health information and knowledge. One effort that can be made to overcome this problem is by providing health education to the community. Health education conducted using interesting and easy-to-understand media, such as audio-visual media, has been proven to be able to increase public understanding more effectively. This study aims to determine the effect of the use of audio-visual media in health education on increasing the knowledge of the Batu Merah B Hamlet community regarding ARI. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach, in which 50 people were selected purposively as the research sample. Data were collected using questionnaires before and after the health education intervention using audio-visual media. Data analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test to examine differences in knowledge before and after the intervention. The results showed a significant increase in knowledge after the health education intervention (p < 0.05). The average score of community knowledge increased from 60.2 in the pretest to 83.5 in the posttest. This improvement demonstrates the effectiveness of audiovisual media in conveying information related to acute respiratory infections (ARI) and facilitates public understanding and retention. Therefore, it is recommended that health education using audiovisual media be used more widely in health promotion activities to achieve better results and accelerate changes in public health behavior. Health education using audiovisual media also provides a more interactive and engaging learning experience, thereby increasing community engagement in the learning process.

Anemia is a public health problem widely experienced by adolescents, particularly in developing countries, including Indonesia. Low levels of knowledge about anemia contribute to its high prevalence. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of educational videos in improving knowledge about anemia among adolescents at SMP Plus At-Thoiba Pekanbaru. This research employed a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach. The population consisted of all eighth-grade students at SMP Plus At-Thoiba Pekanbaru, totaling 17 respondents, selected through total sampling. The instrument used was an anemia knowledge questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test due to non-normally distributed data. The results showed an increase in the mean knowledge score from 9.59 before the intervention to 12.41 after the intervention. The Wilcoxon test yielded a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant difference between pretest and posttest scores. A total of 94.1% of respondents experienced an increase in knowledge after watching the educational video. The study concludes that educational videos are effective in increasing adolescents’ knowledge about anemia. This medium can serve as an appropriate alternative in school health promotion programs to prevent anemia among adolescents.  

Various recent studies have shown that natural active compounds contained in traditional and fermented plants play a crucial role in supporting human health. These compounds include flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, organic acids, probiotics, and other phenolic compounds. Detection of these compounds is usually carried out through specific chemical reactions that allow researchers to more precisely identify the bioactive components. Their biological activities are diverse, including antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, which work to protect the body from cell damage and infection. Natural compounds are considered promising agents for disease prevention and health promotion due to their broad biological activities. The fermentation process has been shown to increase the content of bioactive compounds while lowering the pH of the medium, creating conditions unfavorable for the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Furthermore, probiotics that develop during fermentation play a role in maintaining the balance of the gut microbiota, strengthening the immune system, and improving digestive health. Fermented products are widely recognized as functional foods because they contain beneficial probiotics and enhanced bioactive compounds. These naturally derived products, rich in secondary metabolites, have also been shown to have significant physiological effects, such as lowering cholesterol levels, controlling blood sugar, and maintaining stable blood pressure. This makes natural ingredients and fermented products not only sources of nutrition but also have great potential for development as functional foods and traditional herbal medicines. This highlights the importance of integrating traditional knowledge with modern scientific approaches in developing functional foods and herbal medicines. Therefore, research on natural bioactive compounds and the role of fermentation in enhancing their effectiveness is highly relevant to supporting sustainable public health.  

In 2025, cadre groups in the working area of Puskesmas Martapura Timur have mostly never been involved in education about health issues including the problem of anemia in pregnant women. This community service expects cadre groups to increase knowledge and skills about Anemia Prevention during pregnancy. The method used is to identify health problems, train health cadres to provide health education about anemia in pregnant women, healthy and nutritionally balanced foods to prevent anemia, self-care during pregnancy, and recognition of signs of anemia in pregnant women with a peer educator approach suitable for the field of health promotion to change knowledge, attitudes, and healthy living behavior. The results of community service showed an increase in knowledge and skills to 90%.

Improving child health remains a key priority within the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly in efforts to prevent stunting in Indonesia. As information-seeking behavior shifts from conventional to digital platforms, social media has emerged as a significant channel for health education. This study aims to analyze the digital communication strategies employed by health influencers, specifically the Instagram account @mizaafrizal, in educating young mothers on child nutrition. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, data were collected through content observation, in-depth interviews, and literature review. The findings indicate that Dr. Miza applies persuasive communication strategies based on active interaction, the use of relatable and friendly language, and the presentation of information supported by scientific evidence. His credibility as a medical professional, combined with an approachable and educational communication style, enhances message reception among young mothers. These results emphasize the role of health influencers as change agents in raising public awareness and understanding of child nutrition issues, contributing positively to digital-based health promotion efforts in Indonesia.

This community service program aims to improve the quality of services at Puskesmas (community health centers) through intensive assistance in content creation and digital communication media. The main issue addressed is the low digital literacy among healthcare workers at Puskesmas in managing effective communication media to reach the public. This has led to low community participation in health programs run by Puskesmas. Therefore, this program is designed to enhance healthcare workers' skills in utilizing digital technology for health promotion and improving communication effectiveness with the public. The program implementation involves several stages: (1) an initial survey to assess the condition of existing communication media, (2) training on creating engaging and informative health education content, (3) workshops on graphic design and health promotion video creation, (4) guidance on using social media platforms to disseminate health information, and (5) continuous evaluation and monitoring to ensure the sustainability of the program. This activity involves 25 healthcare workers from 5 selected Puskesmas, with a mentoring duration of 6 months. The results show significant improvements, including: an increase in healthcare workers' ability to create digital content from 30% to 85%, a 200% increase in public engagement with health information, and a 150% increase in the coverage of health promotion services. Additionally, the program has produced 120 pieces of health education content, 15 health promotion videos, and 8 successful digital campaigns that have successfully enhanced public participation in health programs. The long-term impact of this program is the increased public awareness of preventive health and improved access to Puskesmas services. This program can also be replicated in other regions as a model for improving the quality of primary healthcare services through optimal use of digital technology, which can accelerate the achievement of national health development goals.

Scabies is a contagious skin disease caused by Sarcoptes scabiei infestation, and generally affects children and adolescents, especially those living in crowded and unhygienic environments such as orphanages. This disease is highly contagious through direct contact and the sharing of personal items, such as towels, clothing, and bedding. Therefore, ongoing promotional and preventive efforts are crucial to prevent the spread of scabies in vulnerable communities. This community service activity was carried out at the Harapan Kita Orphanage within the Ariodillah Community Health Center (Puskesmas) working area. The main objective of the activity was to increase children's knowledge, awareness, and skills in preventing scabies transmission. The activity methods used included two-way discussion-based health education, providing real-life examples of personal hygiene, and distributing educational leaflets that are easy for children to understand. The education was conducted interactively by involving participants in questions and answers, handwashing simulations, and education on the importance of washing clothes and maintaining clean bedding. Post-activity observations showed that all participants did not experience active scabies symptoms, and there was an increase in participants' understanding of clean and healthy lifestyles. The children showed high enthusiasm and were able to reflect on the information presented. Overall, this activity proved effective in raising awareness of the importance of personal and environmental hygiene. This counseling model is highly relevant for regular implementation in orphanages or other institutions at high risk of spreading infectious skin diseases, as part of an education-based public health strategy. With the active involvement of the orphanage caregivers, it is hoped that this program can be sustainable and become part of the routine health education for children.

Digital Health Edupreneurship is a concept of student empowerment that integrates health education, digital technology, and entrepreneurial skills. Through this approach, students are not only passive recipients of information but also active creators of digital innovations,such as mobile apps, social media content, educational videos, and online platforms,designed to promote healthy behaviors within schools and the broader community. The main objective of this initiative is to explore and analyze how student innovation in digital health can serve as an effective tool for health promotion while simultaneously fostering entrepreneurial spirit among students. The method used in this program involves lectures and interactive demonstrations. The activity was carried out in three stages: planning and preparation, implementation and process, and finally evaluation and monitoring. Throughout the implementation phase, students were guided to form innovation groups, develop relevant digital content, and collaboratively present their ideas. These activities not only encouraged creativity but also enhanced student engagement in real-world applications of both health promotion and entrepreneurship.The results revealed a significant improvement in students’ knowledge. Prior to the program, only 25.9% of students were categorized as having good knowledge. After the digital health edupreneurship session, this number increased to 88.9%. These findings indicate that the Digital Health Edupreneurship approach is effective in improving health literacy and cultivating student creativity and entrepreneurial mindset in a practical and collaborative learning environment

This study aims to examine the strategic role of the Cieurih Community Health Center in increasing public awareness of healthy lifestyles, particularly in the Cipaku Sub-district. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, and documentation of program activities. The collected data were analyzed using three stages: data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions with verification to ensure validity. The analysis focuses on three main dimensions of the Health Center’s role: (1) Interpersonal Role, which involves direct interaction with the community to build trust, encourage participation, and foster behavioral change; (2) Informational Role, which encompasses the dissemination of accurate health information, educational campaigns, and correction of misinformation; and (3) Decisional Role, which relates to planning, implementing, and evaluating health programs in response to local needs.The findings reveal that the Cieurih Community Health Center has made significant contributions to raising awareness and promoting healthy living practices through these roles. Initiatives such as health counseling, mobile clinic services, and collaborative activities with community leaders have shown positive influence. However, the study also identifies persistent challenges, including low levels of community participation, insufficient financial and human resources, and the strong influence of traditional cultural practices and misinformation that hinder optimal outcomes. To address these obstacles, adaptive strategies are necessary. Recommendations include the development of personalized approaches tailored to the socio-cultural context, the use of innovative communication methods such as social media and visual storytelling, and the strengthening of cross-sectoral collaboration with educational institutions, religious leaders, and local government agencies. These measures are expected to enhance community engagement, improve the accuracy and reach of health information, and sustain the long-term impact of health promotion programs.

The Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) movement serves as a benchmark in health development efforts to improve community behavior. An individual’s health status is closely related to their behavior—the better the health-related behavior, the better the health status. This community service project aims to explore the knowledge and behavioral quality of PHBS among coastal communities in Labuan Sumbawa Village, specifically in Padak and Pasir hamlets, where all residents were the target population of the program. The implementation was carried out through a door-to-door approach, supported by undergraduate students from the Nursing and Public Health study programs. The activity was integrated with the subjects they had studied in class, namely Health Promotion, Health Education, and Community-Based Health Promotion in Coastal and Remote Areas. The expected outcomes of this community service include the application of PHBS practices in daily life, particularly in the household setting. Community members are expected to adopt handwashing practices before and after activities, especially after defecating, urinating, and before eating.

Traditional herbal drinks based on natural ingredients such as ginger, lemongrass, and lemon are widely known to have various health benefits. However, not all levels of society understand the properties, processing methods, and proper consumption of these herbal drinks. This community service activity aims to provide education regarding the benefits of herbal drinks to the community around the Sari Mutiara Pharmacy. The implementation method used was an interactive lecture, question and answer session, and distribution of information brochures. The results of the activity showed an increase in public understanding of the benefits and uses of herbal drinks. This activity was attended by 20 residents and is expected to be the first step in increasing awareness of consuming herbal drinks as a health promotion and prevention effort. Conclusion: Thecommunityserviceactivityto introduceherbaldrinks to the community around the Sari Mutiara Pharmacy successfully increased public understanding and interest in consuming herbal drinks as part of a healthy lifestyle.

Hand Washing with Soap (CTPS) is a hygienic behavior that plays an important role in preventing the spread of infectious diseases, especially in children. However, in reality, this behavior is still not optimally implemented by elementary school students. One approach that can be used to increase awareness and hygienic behavior is through health promotion media that is interesting and appropriate for the child's age, such as comic media. This study aims to determine the influence of comics as a health promotion medium on improving knowledge, attitudes, and actions of CTPS in students at SD Negeri 149 Palembang. This study applied a pre-experimental design with a one group pretest-posttest design approach involving 90 students of class V. Data were collected through questionnaires to measure knowledge and attitudes and observation sheets to assess actions. Data analysis was carried out using the Paired Sample T-Test to determine the differences before and after the intervention. The results showed a significant increase in the three variables, namely the average knowledge score increased from 3.38 to 5.34, attitude from 20.37 to 30.80, and action from 37.22 to 67.21 after being given comic media. Statistical tests showed a p-value of < 0.001 on all variables, which means there was a significant effect after the intervention. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the use of comic media as a health promotion tool has proven to be effective in increasing knowledge, forming positive attitudes, and encouraging better CTPS actions in elementary school students. This study recommends the use of educational and fun visual media as part of health promotion strategies in the school environment.

Sleep disturbances are a common complaint among postpartum mothers, and this condition can affect the physical and psychological recovery process after childbirth. Untreated sleep disturbances can lead to various problems, such as fatigue, decreased quality of life, and even the risk of mental health disorders such as postpartum depression. One non-pharmacological approach that can be used to address these sleep disturbances is lavender aromatherapy. Lavender aromatherapy is known to have a calming effect that can help improve sleep quality. This community service activity aims to increase postpartum mothers' knowledge about the use of lavender aromatherapy as a complementary therapy to address their sleep problems. The activity was conducted in June 2025 at the Lismarini Independent Midwife Practice (PMB), using methods that included education, discussion, and distribution of informative leaflets. A total of 15 postpartum mothers participated in this activity, and to measure their knowledge, pre- and post-tests were conducted before and after the education session. The evaluation results showed a significant increase in participants' knowledge levels after participating in the education about lavender aromatherapy. Education about the use of lavender aromatherapy has been proven effective in increasing postpartum mothers' understanding of the benefits and how to use this therapy. Thus, lavender aromatherapy can be a beneficial health promotion strategy to support postpartum recovery. Through this activity, it is hoped that postpartum mothers can apply the knowledge gained to independently improve their sleep quality, thereby supporting their physical and mental health during the recovery period. This activity also contributes to efforts to improve overall public health and provides new insights for healthcare workers in educating postpartum mothers about safe and effective alternative therapies.

Baby massage is a form of multisensory stimulation that involves touch, movement, as well as auditory and visual stimuli, which is known to provide various physiological and psychological benefits for babies, including increased breastfeeding frequency. This study aims to determine the relationship between infant massage and the frequency of breastfeeding in babies aged 1–6 months in the working area of the Lambai Health Center, North Kolaka Regency. The type of research used is an analytical survey with a cross-sectional approach. The sampling technique was carried out in total sampling, involving the entire population of infants aged 1–6 months who met the inclusion criteria. Data collection was carried out through observation and structured interviews with infant mothers, as well as recording breastfeeding frequencies before and after infant massage interventions. Data analysis uses relevant statistical tests to test the relationships between variables. The results showed a significant relationship between infant massage and increased breastfeeding frequency, with a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating that infant massage had an effect on increasing breastfeeding activity in infants. The conclusion of this study is that infant massage has a positive relationship with the frequency of breastfeeding in infants aged 1–6 months. These findings support the use of infant massage as a simple but effective intervention in supporting breastfeeding success, especially in the early stages of life. This study recommends that the practice of infant massage can be socialized more widely to health workers and parents as part of the promotion of maternal and child health. The implementation of regular baby massage has the potential to improve the nutritional status and optimal growth and development of the baby.

The application of proper cough etiquette is an essential part of Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) and serves as a preventive measure in reducing the transmission of respiratory infectious diseases from an early age. Health education for young children is crucial, as this stage represents the formative period where foundational habits are developed, potentially influencing long-term individual and environmental health. This community service activity was conducted on May 9, 2025, at Stella Maris Kindergarten in Tangerang City, involving 29 Nursery group children. The main objective of the program was to enhance the knowledge and skills of early childhood students in practicing correct cough etiquette and to instill healthy behaviors that they can apply in their daily lives at home and school. The implementation of the activity followed the POAC approach (Planning, Organizing, Actuating, Controlling) in a structured manner. Activities included storytelling (using engaging illustrations), screening of age-appropriate educational videos, practical simulations of cough etiquette, and fun, interactive games. These methods were designed to encourage active participation and ensure that children could understand and retain the health messages through enjoyable learning experiences. The results showed a notable improvement in the children's understanding and active involvement in practicing healthy coughing techniques, such as covering their mouths with a tissue or the inside of their elbows when coughing. Visual education combined with hands-on practice proved to be highly effective in conveying health messages to young children. The teachers responded positively to the program, emphasizing that the approach used was appropriate and should be widely implemented in other early childhood education institutions. They recognized it as a valuable promotive effort and a long-term health investment for children, laying the groundwork for healthier habits and environments in the future.

Indonesia, as an agricultural country, has a large population working in the agricultural sector. Agricultural activities often involve the use of chemicals that can cause skin disorders, one of which is contact dermatitis. Contact dermatitis is an occupational disease with a high prevalence, both globally and nationally. As a form of concern for the increasing number of dermatitis cases among farmers, a community service activity was conducted in Mlati Village, Grobogan Regency. This activity aimed to increase farmers' awareness and knowledge regarding contact dermatitis prevention. The intervention included educational sessions, interactive discussions, role-plays, pre- and post-tests, and the distribution of skin health information leaflets. The activity was carried out by the Health Promotion Team from the Faculty of Medicine, Semarang State University. The evaluation results showed an increase in participants' understanding of the symptoms of contact dermatitis by 11.86% of the 21 participants who attended. Materials considered important by participants included the importance of maintaining personal hygiene after contact with chemicals, as well as the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) during work. The participants' enthusiasm was also evident in their active participation in the discussion sessions and hands-on practice. However, there was still a lack of in-depth understanding of skin health care. This demonstrates the need for regular follow-up education to reinforce the program's positive impact. Overall, these activities demonstrate the critical importance of community-based health promotion in reducing the risk of occupational skin diseases and encouraging healthier and safer behavior changes in farmers.

Anemia is a common health problem among adolescent girls, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. This condition is generally caused by insufficient iron intake, an unbalanced diet, and increased iron requirements during growth. Anemia not only impacts physical health but also affects concentration, productivity, and quality of life. Therefore, interventions based on nutrition education and the utilization of local food sources are crucial in sustainable anemia prevention efforts. One potential complementary therapy alternative is the consumption of herbal drinks based on moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera). Moringa leaves are known to be rich in iron, vitamin A, and antioxidants that play a role in red blood cell formation. This community service activity aims to increase the knowledge and skills of adolescent girls in utilizing moringa leaves as a natural source of iron. The target group is grade 10 and 11 female students at SMA Sejahtera Palembang, which was held in June 2025. The activity methods included a nutrition lecture on anemia and the importance of iron, an interactive discussion on the benefits of moringa leaves, and hands-on practice in making herbal moringa drinks (such as moringa leaf tea and moringa juice). The material was delivered using a communicative and participatory approach to actively engage participants. The results of the activity showed an increase in participants' understanding of the causes of anemia, the benefits of moringa leaves, and their willingness to consume herbal drinks as a preventative measure. Most participants also expressed interest in trying to make their own moringa herbal drink at home. This activity is expected to become part of school-based promotional and preventive efforts to address anemia in adolescent girls.

Improving the quality of children's health is one of the main priorities in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly in addressing stunting prevention in Indonesia. Stunting remains a serious challenge in public health development, especially among young children who suffer from chronic malnutrition. To tackle this issue, effective nutritional education is essential, especially for young mothers who play a central role in caregiving and determining their children's dietary intake. In line with the shift in information consumption patterns from conventional media to digital platforms, social media is becoming increasingly significant as a channel for health communication and education. One emerging phenomenon in this context is the rise of public figures from the medical profession actively sharing health-related content online, commonly referred to as “doctor influencers.” This study aims to analyze the digital communication strategies employed by doctor influencers, using the Instagram account @mizaafrizal, owned by Dr. Miza Afrizal, as a case study, focusing on how he educates young mothers about child nutrition. This research adopts a descriptive qualitative approach, utilizing data collection techniques such as content observation, in-depth interviews, and literature review on digital communication and health promotion. The findings indicate that Dr. Miza employs a persuasive and interactive communication strategy through the use of humanistic language, visually engaging content, and scientifically supported information in each post. He also leverages Instagram features like reels, stories, and the comment section to establish two-way communication with his followers. Dr. Miza’s credibility as a pediatrician enhances the reception of his messages. His approachable, clear, and educational style of delivery successfully captures the attention of young mothers and increases their understanding of the importance of nutrition in early childhood development. These findings highlight the influential role of doctor influencers as change agents in raising public awareness about child nutrition. Moreover, they contribute positively to digital-based health promotion efforts in Indonesia, showing the potential of social media as a powerful platform to support national health initiatives.  

Anxiety experienced by pregnant women is a common psychological problem and can have a significant negative impact on maternal health and fetal development. This anxiety can be caused by various factors, including physical changes, concerns about the delivery process, and new responsibilities as parents. Therefore, it is important to find effective ways to address this anxiety. One non-pharmacological approach that can be implemented is the use of lemon aromatherapy, which is known to have calming and relaxing properties. This activity aims to increase the knowledge and skills of pregnant women in utilizing lemon aromatherapy as a method to reduce their anxiety. This activity was held in June 2025 at PMB Lismarini, involving 20 pregnant women who actively participated in this program. The method used in this activity included several stages: education on the benefits of aromatherapy, demonstrations on how to use it, hands-on practice using lemon aromatherapy, and evaluation conducted through pre- and post-tests to measure changes in participants' anxiety levels. The results of this activity showed a significant decrease in participants' anxiety levels. Previously, many pregnant women were in the severe and moderate anxiety categories, but after participating in the activity, they shifted to mild anxiety and even no anxiety. Lemon aromatherapy has been proven effective in providing relaxation and reducing emotional tension experienced by pregnant women. Therefore, this activity is expected to become a promotional educational model in maternal health services. Through this approach, it is hoped that pregnant women will better understand and utilize aromatherapy as a way to maintain their mental health during pregnancy. Furthermore, this activity can also provide health workers with insight into the importance of non-pharmacological approaches in supporting the mental health of pregnant women.

Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva commonly affecting individuals of all ages. In Indonesia, its rising prevalence raises concerns due to its impact on quality of life and potential for community transmission. This program aimed to improve public awareness and prevention of conjunctivitis, particularly in the Puskesmas area. Cause analysis was conducted using Blum’s Paradigm, with data collected via a mini-survey. Problem prioritization applied the non-scoring Delphi method, and root causes were identified using a fishbone diagram. The intervention focused on health education and proper handwashing demonstrations. Evaluation was conducted using the PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act) cycle and a continuous monitoring system. Results showed an increase in post-test scores following education sessions, indicating improved community understanding of proper hand hygiene to prevent conjunctivitis transmission. The initiative is expected to continue as part of community health promotion and prevention efforts.