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Discipline of the State Civil Apparatus has been regulated in Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 20 of 2023 concerning the State Civil Apparatus. In this regulation, the State Civil Apparatus consists of Civil Servants and Government Employees with Employment Agreements who are appointed by civil service development officials and entrusted with duties in a government position or entrusted with other state duties and are given income based on statutory regulations. The purpose of this regulation is intended to serve as a guideline in enforcing State Civil Service Discipline. However, the reality in the field is that violations of State Civil Apparatus Discipline, especially at SMAN 15 Batam, still occur frequently and repeatedly. This research aims to find out how the law regulates the enforcement of discipline towards State Civil Apparatus in the SMAN 15 Batam environment, how the implementation of law enforcement regarding the application of discipline towards the State Civil Apparatus in the SMAN 15 Batam environment and the obstacles faced by SMAN 15 Batam in enforcing discipline against State Civil Apparatus and alternative problem solving in the form of rewards and punishments. The research method used is a qualitative method with a normative and empirical juridical approach that analyzes statutory regulations relevant to the discipline of the State Civil Service. The data sources for this research were obtained from secondary data and primary data. Primary data was collected through interviews and observations, while secondary data was obtained from previous literature, books, journals and case studies. The results of the research show that so far the process of imposing punishment has only taken the form of a verbal warning delivered directly by the school principal. Verbal warnings are a form of light disciplinary punishment. Verbal warnings are given by considering the background of the Civil Servant disciplinary violation and the impact of the violation. Based on these results, the suggestion put forward is that it is hoped that all State Civil Servants will increase awareness of ASN discipline as well as understand and carry out obligations and avoid prohibitions in accordance with applicable laws and regulations. State civil servants must be more responsible for themselves and in carrying out ASN duties so that the objectives of ASN discipline can be realized well. For example, arriving at school early to avoid unexpected obstacles. In the future, enforcement of discipline in the State Civil Service must really be carried out properly and the process of imposing punishments must be stricter against perpetrators of violations of discipline by the State Civil Service so that it can provide a deterrent effect for undisciplined ASN.    

Electronic credit facilities represent a significant banking innovation, employing technology in a manner that diverges from the established procedures associated with conventional credit. A credit deed that is not in accordance with the formal legal requirements is nevertheless considered to have legal force if the signature is recognized by the relevant parties. This thesis addresses the legal force and position of underhand credit agreements in commercial banks, as well as their suitability with the legal requirements of agreements according to the Civil Code and ITE Law, particularly in instances where the debtor subsequently rejects the signature. This thesis employs normative legal research methods to procure secondary data pertinent to the subject matter. The secondary data comprises primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, which are then subjected to qualitative analysis. The research demonstrates that the legal certainty of electronic credit agreements in commercial banks is regulated by the Civil Code Law Number 19 of 2016 on Electronic Information and Transactions, Government Regulation Number 71 of 2019 on the Implementation of Electronic Systems and Transactions, and OJK Regulation Number 38/POJK.03/2016 on the Application of Risk Management in the Use of Information Technology by Commercial Banks. In the event of a dispute over the rejection of an electronic signature in an agreement, the matter may be resolved through litigation after all other avenues of non-litigation have been exhausted. In electronic credit agreements, electronic signatures are recognized as valid evidence, thereby affording legal protection to creditors.

Property business is the activity of buying and selling a plot of land or house involving 2 (two) parties between the seller (business actor) and the buyer (consumer), in its implementation gives birth to legal relationships carried out through agreements. Quality in running a property business, business actors selling their plot of land to consumers are inseparable from the fact that the business actor gets the land previously from the landowner to then sell it to consumers. The method used in this study is Normative Juridical. The legal protection of agreements made by business actors and consumers in the property business is guided by articles 1320 and 1338 of the Civil Code. Breach of promise not to carry out the agreed is a form of default committed by one of the parties to the agreement as regulated by article 1234 of the Civil Code which can be resolved with a "win and win solution" through negotiations so that business actors and consumers are protected. Consumer protection in property business agreements starts from the beginning of the purchase, making the agreement, payment to the sale and purchase deed agreement. Consumers who have signed the agreement means that they have agreed to all the terms and conditions that have been set. All of these agreements, both oral, written, and deed are not authentic. Authentic deeds that are carried out legally, as long as consumers have fulfilled their achievements by making payments in full, not negligently, in accordance with their rights and obligations in Law no. 8 of 1999, consumers are obliged to get legal protection.

The criminal justice system in Indonesia is plagued by various types of crimes, including official indifference, abuse of authority by officers, and human rights violations related to people's civil rights.  The rights of suspects, which are fundamental human rights and are ingrained in them, are often ignored in the Indonesian criminal justice system, to the detriment of suspects.  The case that attracted attention was an incident that occurred in 2013 in Cipulir, South Jakarta, where several buskers were accused of committing the crime of murder.  This case surfaced after reports that detained buskers were not given their basic rights during the investigation process, which could be linked to a violation of Miranda Rule principles.  This research aims to find out how the Miranda Rule principles guarantee the rights of suspects in the criminal justice system in Indonesia.  The method used in this research is a normative method, using the concept of a statutory approach.  The purpose of the results of this research is to understand that the Miranda Principle or known as Miranda rights is what happens when someone gives a warning to someone who is in danger.   Namely the right to obtain/contact legal advisors/advocates.  If unable, then given the opportunity to provide legal advice/advocate.  The right to obtain legal assistance has been included in Articles 54, 55 and 114 of the Criminal Procedure Code.   If he is unable to do so, the suspect has the right to be provided with legal advice by the relevant official or through an investigator, as regulated in article 56 paragraph 1 of the Criminal Procedure Code.   As for Miranda Warning (Right To Remain Silent), it is not regulated explicitly, but its application can be interpreted implicitly in articles 52, 117 and 166 of the Criminal Procedure Code.    

This study investigates the correlation between visionary-participative leadership style, digital technology literacy, employee involvement, and civil servant performance within the digital transformation context of the Semarang City Regional Revenue Agency. Employing a quantitative methodology, a survey of 105 staff members is conducted. The investigation in this research utilized Structural Equation Modeling methodologies employing the Partial Least Squares (PLS-SEM) framework. This study underscores the significance of adopting a holistic method toward advancing human capital by combining the improvement of digital competencies with tactics to enhance employee involvement. Study findings indicate that digital technology literacy skills substantially and constructively influence employee engagement and performance. Visionary-participative leadership positively impacts employee engagement, yet its direct effect on performance is deemed insignificant. Employee involvement is demonstrated to have a significant and favorable impact on performance. Theoretical and practical implications emphasize the necessity of crafting a more tailored digital transformation framework for the public sector and the importance of revamping leadership development initiatives to address the intricacies of bureaucracy in the digital age.    

The aim of this research is to partially determine whether motivation has a significant effect on employee performance, motivation has an effect on job satisfaction, job satisfaction has an effect on performance, and whether job satisfaction mediates work motivation on employee performance. This research was conducted quantitatively using an explanatory and descriptive approach and data collection through questionnaires. A total of 40 employees of the Sukoharjo Regency Satu Pindu Investment and Integrated Services Service consist of 27 civil servants, 3 PPPK and 10 freelance daily workers (THL). Regression correlation analysis was used. The results of the analysis show that work motivation has a significant effect on performance and job satisfaction, job satisfaction has a significant effect on performance and job satisfaction has succeeded in mediating work motivation on employee performance.

Traditional massage parlors have changed dramatically. Several traditional massage parlors in Indonesia have been in the spotlight in recent years due to the covert prostitution practices that occur in these places. This practice involves sexual services offered as part of traditional massage services, and it has become a serious problem affecting various aspects of society. The problem discussed is how the practice of covert prostitution in traditional massage parlors in Indonesia cannot be fully criminalized under Articles 296 & 506 of the Criminal Code and how criminal law is enforced against the practice of prostitution in covert massage parlors in Indonesia. The aim of this research is to analyze the practice of covert prostitution in traditional massage parlors in Indonesia which cannot yet be fully criminalized under Articles 296 & 506 of the Criminal Code and analyze criminal law enforcement against the practice of prostitution in covert massage parlors in Indonesia. The theories used in this thesis are law enforcement theory and legal certainty theory. The research method was carried out using a statutory approach which was carried out by examining all laws and regulations relating to the legal issues being handled as well as approaching cases that occurred in the practice of disguised prostitution in massage parlor activities. Problems in the Effectiveness of implementing Articles 296 and 506 of the Criminal Code in law enforcement against prostitution in massage parlors is very dependent on the joint efforts of various parties, availability of resources, and commitment to crack down on this crime consistently and fairly. According to the author, criminal law enforcement against the practice of prostitution in hidden massage parlors in Indonesia currently does not yet have full legal certainty in the application of Articles 296 and 506 of the Criminal Code and related laws. Furthermore, related to the law enforcement factor which is less than optimal, according to the author, the legal system in the crime of prostitution does not work properly, especially related to the legal culture of individual officers who have not made efforts to enforce the law. The suggestions in the research are the need for cooperation between the government, community sponsored organizations (NGO ),child protection institutions and civil society in dealing with the problem of prostitution and improving the legal culture or culture where there must be a mental improvement of government officials and law enforcement officials so that there are no more unscrupulous individuals playing in law enforcement efforts against hidden massage parlors under the guise of prostitution.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of Competence and Work Motivation on Employee Performance and also the role of Work Discipline as a moderator variable. The population used in this study were all civil servants at the Senori District Office, Tuban Regency, and the sample taken using saturated or census sampling techniques, with a total of 37 respondents. Data analysis used Smart Partial Least Square (PLS) software.The results of this study indicate that good competence will improve employee performance, also with good motivation will improve employee performance. This study also found that work discipline can improve employee performance. Furthermore, it was also found that work discipline has a strong moderating role on competence towards employee performance, and has a moderating role on motivation towards employee performance at the Senori District Office, Tuban Regency.

Employee competency development is a key aspect in increasing performance productivity within the State Civil Service Agency (BKN). This research aims to identify the influence of competency development on employee performance productivity at BKN. The research method used is a survey and data analysis using linear regression techniques. This research was carried out in 2024, with the research locus at the Deputy for Supervision and Control of BKN. The research sample consisted of employees involved in the competency development program at BKN. The independent variable is competence, while the dependent variable is employee performance productivity. The results of the analysis show that there is a significant positive relationship between competency development and employee performance productivity. It is known that the coefficient of determination or R²  value is 57,1%. This figure means that the competency variable (X1) has an effect on the work productivity variable (Y) by 57.1%. Meanwhile, the remainder (100% - 57.1% = 42.9%) is influenced by other variables outside this equation or variables that were not studied. These findings highlight the importance of investing in competency development as a strategy to increase employee performance productivity at BKN. Managerial implications and policy recommendations are presented to support efforts to develop human resources and increase BKN organizational efficiency. This research provides an important contribution in understanding the dynamics of the relationship between competency and employee performance productivity in the government context.

The linkage between the Civil Service Police Unit officers with appropriate agencies whose activities have a close connection in creating a conducive environment between local government and the people can perform activities in a safe, peaceful, orderly and applicable in areas with motivating people to create the rule of law. This needs to be pursued so that the police authority of the civil service as a law enforcement officer in fostering peace and order will be based on the activities and supervision of extension, no longer be a matter of the sanctions, penalties or fines. Be aware that in creating an orderly and safe condition, not just the responsibility of the Municipal Police alone, but public participation is crucial the achievement of order and peace. Given the number of homeless and migrants who are not registered in the registry office or the competent authority, in addition to the lack of government attention to the homeless, so the implication raises public order and public tranquility be disturbed. Principal issues to be addressed in this study is the First, the setting and the authority of the Municipal Police and the Homeless curb migrants in Badung, and constraints faced in the Municipal Police enforcing rules on homeless and migrants. This study is the approach taken by the normative approach to law (statute approach), approaches the concept (conceptual research), case-based approach (case approach) the nonnative analysis shows that the police authority of the civil service is based on the principles of the law, the nonns applicable law, whereas the juridical conceptual analysis regarding the effectiveness of law enforcement. Based on the results of the discussion, setting and Municipal Police Authority in carrying out duties and discipline Homeless Population entrants subject to the provisions of Law No. 32 of 2004, and regulations Badung District No. 4 of 2001 on public order. Constraints faced by local governments in the enforcement of rules against bums and penduduku immigrants are human resource constraints the police civil service itself is still not professional and legal culture of society that still considers the work is still a beggar or bum culture.

This study aims to analyze the effect of work atmosphere and interpersonal conflict on employee performance at the Surakarta City Population and Civil Registration Office (Dukcapil). The research population includes all employees of Dukcapil Surakarta, totaling 74 people. The variables studied include work atmosphere, interpersonal conflict, and employee performance. Data collection was conducted through a combination of primary and secondary data. Primary data collection methods used interviews and questionnaires, while secondary data were obtained through documentation. Data analysis used Structural Equation Modeling method with Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) approach, and data processing was done using SmartPLS software. The results showed that. Interpersonal conflict and work atmosphere are proven to have a significant impact on the performance of employees of the Surakarta City Dukcapil Office.

Violations of quarantine regulations in Batam City continue to occur to this day. Despite the enactment of Law No. 21 of 2019 concerning Animal, Fish, and Plant Quarantine, which replaced Law No. 16 of 1992 on the same subject and introduced stricter criminal sanctions for violations, there has still not been a deterrent effect on those bringing prohibited items without meeting quarantine requirements. This research addresses how the authority and implementation of quarantine investigators' powers are regulated in handling cases of animal entry that have bypassed the designated import and export points in Batam City, what obstacles or challenges quarantine investigators face, and the solutions at the Animal, Fish, and Plant Quarantine Office of the Riau Archipelago at the Hang Nadim and Telaga Punggur Service Units. The research method combines normative legal research with empirical sociological approaches, utilizing both inductive and deductive methods to analyze and clarify the relationship between research variables and the research object. This approach aims to provide a comprehensive understanding that benefits readers, particularly future researchers and academics. The findings reveal ongoing uncertainty among quarantine investigators in enforcing quarantine regulations in Batam City. This issue arises from differing interpretations of Law No. 21 of 2019 among quarantine officers and the shortage of human resources, which affects investigators' focus on legal enforcement actions, including criminal sanctions. In Batam City, the resolution of quarantine regulation violations prioritizes the philosophy of "ultimum remedium" where punishment is seen as a last resort. Administrative sanctions for quarantine violations include quarantine detention, rejection, and/or destruction of the violating items.

Human Resource Management (HRM) is a crucial aspect of organizational management that focuses on managing individuals as valuable assets to the company. One significant area of HRM is job satisfaction, which is a complex emotional reaction to one's job. High job satisfaction can enhance employee performance, as satisfied employees tend to be more enthusiastic and productive. Employee performance, which includes abilities, skills, and work outcomes, can be influenced by intellectual intelligence, organizational culture, and organizational communication. Intellectual intelligence (IQ) plays a role in employees' effectiveness at work and contributes to organizational success. Effective organizational communication strengthens an inclusive culture and supports collaboration, while organizational culture serves as an identity and impacts employee performance. This study aims to analyze the effects of intellectual intelligence, organizational culture, and organizational communication on employee performance through job satisfaction as an intervening variable at the Surakarta City Population and Civil Registration Office. The research is expected to provide insights into how these factors influence employee performance and offer recommendations for enhancing satisfaction and performance within the government organization.

The Identity Status of Children in Indonesia is contained in Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 2 of 2016 concerning Child Identity Cards article 1 paragraph (7) which reads: Child Identity Card, hereinafter abbreviated to KIA, is the child's official identity as proof of being a child who is less than 17 years old. and unmarried issued by the Regency/City Population and Civil Registration Service. The research method used is qualitative descriptive. The sampling technique used in this research is the Purposive Sampling method with 6 samples. Data collection techniques use observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique uses qualitative analysis.The results of this research show that the implementation of Article 2 of the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 2 of 2016 concerning Children's Identity Cards in the Bandar Lampung City Population and Civil Registration Service can be declared implemented as seen from the implementation of the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 2 of 2016 concerning Children's Identity Cards in article 2 which explains the purpose of child identity cards so that the number of children who have Child Identity Cards from 2016 to 2024 is 309,758 children and in issuing child identity cards, the Population and Civil Registration Service has carried out its duties based on its authority and obligations and in Siya's view >Sah Tanfiz|iyah Syari'iyyah has been implemented in the community through a pick-up and drop-off program carried out by the Bandar Lampung City Population and Civil Registration Service which is in accordance with a leader (ulil amri) who must be responsible for the mandate that has been given and conveyed and carried out with the community according to tabligh characteristics and with Surah An-Nisa Verse 58.    

Malay culture is one of the various cultures that live, grow and develop on this earth. The aim of this research is, among other things, to find out how the State Civil Apparatus Governance is in Realizing Malay Cultural Values in Lingga Regency, Riau Islands Province as the Mother of the Malay Land. In this research, researchers used qualitative methods, this approach uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. The theory used in this research uses Governance according to Widyananda (2008). The indicators in this research are Transparency, Accountability, Equitable, Responsibility. The data collection techniques used were interviews, observation and documentation. The results of this research are that the management of the State Civil Apparatus in realizing Malay cultural values cannot be said to be running well, this is because there are still many shortcomings in its management. Even though there are regulations made regarding the promotion of Malay culture in Lingga Regency, as well as there are programs created by each regional apparatus organization (OPD) regarding their management in realizing Malay cultural values. However, its implementation in ASN life is not fully carried out, because many ASN do not understand the values of Malay culture. This is also encouraged because not all ASN in Lingga Regency are Malay.

This research investigates the impact of work environment and training on the performance of employees at the Suikoharjo Regency Popuilation and Civil Registration Office. All 50 employees of the office constituited the stuidy popuilation. The stuidy employed work environment, training, and employee performance as key variables. Data collection methods incluided observation, interviews, and quiestionnaires, with data analysis conduicted uising SPSS 26. Findings indicate a positive buit insignificant relationship between work environment and employee performance, a positive and significant relationship between training and employee performance, and a combined influience of both work environment and training on employee performance.

The Prita Mulyasari case in 2008 highlighted the challenges of protecting consumers from strategic lawsuit against public participation (SLAPP) suits. SLAPPs aim to stop and prevent individuals or non-governmental organisations from exercising their right to voice their opinions publicly. However, specific regulations addressing SLAPP in the realm of consumer protection in Indonesia are still lacking. The Prita Mulyasari case underscores the need for further attention to establish clear and specific rules to protect consumers from SLAPP practices. This research will further examine how the Supreme Court Decision No. 300K/PDT/2010 in the Prita Mulyasari case can serve as a benchmark in upholding consumer rights within the Indonesian legal framework, especially given the absence of a legal umbrella that protects consumers from lawsuits aimed at limiting public participation in the form of SLAPPs by businesses. This research will employ a normative juridical approach, focusing on primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The study will analyze data gathered from literature reviews using a qualitative normative data analysis method. The research findings indicate that although the Supreme Court granted Prita Mulyasari’s appeal, the legal reasoning in Decision No. 300K/PDT/2010 did not explicitly address the concept of SLAPP. The Supreme Court’s considerations largely focused on the fulfilment of the elements of tort under Article 1365 of the Civil Code. However, the Supreme Court’s use of Article 28F of the 1945 Constitution to justify Prita Mulyasari's conduct is a crucial step in strengthening the legal position of those who express criticism or complaints, as well as their  status as consumers.

According to the above article, it is in line with the regulations that the Regional Head Election is a democratic festivity, but there are several parties that are not allowed to be directly involved. One of them is the Civil Servants (ASN). ASN are state servants in the process of governance. Therefore, ASN are given limitations to remain neutral during this democratic festivity. However, they often face interference or are tainted by the involvement of ASN who should maintain their neutrality as government officials. The main issues in this research are (1) How is the regulation of the General Election Supervisory Agency on the neutrality of Civil Servants in the 2020 Regional Head Election in Ngada Regency? (2) What are the factors causing the neutrality violations of Civil Servants in the 2020 Regional Head Election in Ngada Regency? This research is empirical juridical research based on applicable laws and regulations and data obtained from the field. This research uses respondents and data collected in a descriptive qualitative manner. The aim of this research is to analyze the neutrality of Civil Servants (ASN) in the 2020 Regional Head Election (Pilkada) in Ngada Regency. The focus of the research is on how the regulation by the General Election Supervisory Agency (Bawaslu) affects the neutrality of ASN and the factors that cause neutrality violations. This research uses an empirical juridical method based on applicable laws and regulations as well as field data. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 10 respondents, including the Chairperson of Bawaslu, former coordinator of the violation dispute handling division, staff of the violation handling division, and ASN. Additionally, observation and documentation were used to complement the data. The research findings indicate that ASN neutrality violations often occur due to various factors, including political interference and the utilization of bureaucracy for Pilkada interests. This research provides recommendations to enhance supervision and law enforcement by Bawaslu to ensure ASN neutrality in every regional head election process in Indonesia.

The digital age has brought significant changes in the protection of intellectual property rights (IPR), making it increasingly crucial to safeguard works and innovations from easy infringement. This research aims to analyze the civil liability for IPR infringers in the digital era, which involves the application of civil law principles such as the elements of fault, presumption of liability, and absolute liability. IPR regulations in Indonesia have evolved since the Dutch colonial period until now, adjusting to digital dynamics through various new laws and regulations. This research uses normative methods supported by empirical methods to analyze in depth the civil liability for perpetrators of intellectual property rights (IPR) infringement in the digital era. This approach allows researchers to evaluate legal principles and applicable regulations, as well as collect primary data from real cases, such as copyright infringement on online platforms. Analysis of empirical data from infringement cases provides tangible evidence of the application of the law and its impact. Thus, normative methods supported by empirical methods provide not only a strong theoretical foundation but also a practical context for more effective policy recommendations in protecting IPR.The case studies show that copyright owners can file a lawsuit and, if proven, perpetrators can be penalized to pay damages as well as court costs. Registration of IPRs provides legal certainty and strong evidence in court. Therefore, preventive legal protection through strict regulation and repressive legal protection through strict sanctions are essential to enforce IPR and prevent further infringement in the digital age. This study concludes that consistent law enforcement and increasing public awareness of the importance of IPR protection are crucial steps in facing the challenges of the digital era.    

The South Tangerang Civil Registration Population Service has the task of providing community service by applying the principles of Good Governance. In its implementation, several problems are still found, such as a system that is often down and employee responsiveness which is part of accountability and there is still discrimination in services which is part of legal violations of rights. Same. This research aims to find out how the principles of Good Governance are implemented in the Population and Civil Registry Office in South Tangerang City. The method used is descriptive with a qualitative approach in data collection techniques in the form of interviews, observation and documentation. The results of this research are, 1. Accountability has carried out accountability every day, and each division has carried out accountability through reporting to the head of service where the results of the report usually contain sanctions for employees who are negligent in their duties, and the competencies possessed by the employees. And it is necessary to involve community participation to monitor the performance of the institution, 2. Transparency has been carried out well by the institution but there needs to be increased training and awareness of employees, 3. Participation has been carried out well by the institution but there needs to be training related to digital literacy involving the community and figures community, and creating inclusive forums in order to create good public services and in accordance with the principles of good governance, 4. The rule of law is not yet running well because there are still acts of discrimination by differentiating services between someone who has a position and one who does not have a position, so it is necessary to law enforcement that is applied fairly and inclusively regardless of a person's social status and training through education in schools.