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Street crime is a conventional crime that occurs in public spaces and disturbs people's sense of security. The National Police of the Republic of Indonesia has an important role in dealing with this crime through preventive, preemptive, and repressive strategies. This article uses a descriptive qualitative approach based on a literature study. The results of the analysis show that the effectiveness of the police force is influenced by the availability of resources, community participation, and cross-sectoral coordination. Efforts such as Operation Cipta Condition have proven to be able to reduce the crime rate, but there are still obstacles such as a lack of personnel and technological facilities. Therefore, a multidimensional approach that involves the support of the government, the community, and strengthening the criminal justice system is key to tackling street crime effectively and sustainably.

This research is motivated by the miscommunication that has recently occurred in the city of Makassar between Makassar community members and Papuan students, so it is interesting to study from the perspective of intercultural communication with the aim of knowing the intercultural communication process that occurs and the factors that influence the intercultural communication process between the Makassar community and Papuan students in the city of Makassar. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method and the researcher used a purposive sampling technique to select subjects with 4 Papuan students and 7 Makassar community members so that the total number of informants was 11. The data sources used were primary and secondary data sources related to the empirical situation or condition with interviews and documentation in order to obtain primary data regarding the purpose of the study. The results of this study indicate that the intercultural communication process carried out by the Makassar community and Papuan students occurred quite smoothly with an attitude of mutual cooperation, tolerance and being quite friendly to each other and living side by side. The obstacles to intercultural communication, both Papuan students and Makassar community still have difficulty in understanding each cultural difference. Other obstacles in intercultural communication are differences in language, dialect and their perceptions in assessing each culture.

Arrogance, referred to in the Quran as kibr, takabbur, or istikbār, is a serious moral issue with spiritual, social, and political dimensions that require careful consideration. Pride is a major obstacle in accepting divine truth and can contribute to the collapse of the social order, as depicted in the stories of Pharaoh, Qarun, and Iblis. In the modern context, pride appears in various complex forms, including intellectual pride, political dominance, economic inequality and exclusivism. It has also evolved into a structural problem that causes discrimination, marginalization of minority voices, and global tensions. This study analyzes the concept of pride in the Qur'ān using a theoretical approach rooted in themes. This qualitative methodology allows for the development of inductive theories directly drawn from the sacred text. This approach overcomes the limitations of previous research, which is often fragmentary and descriptive. Through open, axial, and selective coding of Qur'anic verses and stories about pride, this study will reconstruct the definition, forms, and characteristics (cognitive, affective, and behavioral) of pride, as well as its consequences in this world and the hereafter. The results show that pride manifests in actions such as belittling others, boasting of self and wealth, rejecting the truth, and showing physical arrogance.

This study aims to examine the role of the Enterprise Resource Planning system in improving the quality of corporate financial reports. Accurate, relevant, and timely financial reports are the main key to effective decision making by management and stakeholders. However, many companies, especially in Indonesia, still face obstacles in preparing financial reports due to manual processes that are prone to errors, information delays, and lack of data integration. The Enterprise Resource Planning system as an integrated information technology solution is expected to be able to overcome these problems by automating business processes and providing data in real time. The research method used is a literature review that examines various sources of scientific literature related to the implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning and its impact on the quality of financial reports. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning significantly improves the accuracy, efficiency, relevance, and timeliness of financial report preparation, while supporting data transparency and accountability. Constraints such as limited human resources, implementation costs, and resistance to change remain challenges that must be managed properly. This study concludes that Enterprise Resource Planning has a strategic role in improving the quality of financial reports and is an important investment for companies that want to increase their competitiveness and effectiveness of financial management in the digital era.

Debt-receivable problems are classic problems in economic activities that if not resolved properly can result in legal uncertainty and losses to the parties involved. One of the legal instruments provided in the Indonesian legal system to resolve these disputes is through the bankruptcy mechanism. This study aims to review the legal provisions regarding bankruptcy as regulated in Law Number 37 of 2004 and evaluate the effectiveness of its implementation as a solution to resolving debt-receivable problems. The method used in this study is the normative legal approach, by reviewing statutory provisions, legal doctrine, and court decisions. The results of the study indicate that although normatively the bankruptcy mechanism has a clear legal structure, its implementation in the field still faces obstacles in terms of process efficiency, protection of creditor and debtor rights, and supervision of curators. Therefore, policy updates and optimization of the function of judicial institutions are needed to increase public trust in this mechanism.

This study examines the role of the Republic of Indonesia Maritime Security Agency (Bakamla) in enforcing Indonesia's maritime sovereignty in the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of the North Natuna Sea. This study applies a qualitative descriptive method based on literature studies, official reports, and legal documents. The results of this study state that Bakamla has a strategic role in maritime surveillance, prevention, and law enforcement against violations, especially related to illegal fishing and activities of foreign vessels without permits. However, the lack of infrastructure, overlapping authority between institutions, and geopolitical dynamics are obstacles to optimal tasks. This study suggests the need to strengthen inter-institutional coordination, modernize maritime security equipment, and improve maritime diplomacy to support more effective enforcement of sovereignty.

The complexity of the financial services sector necessitates effective dispute resolution mechanisms. This study analyzes the implementation of financial services dispute mediation by OJK DIY under OJK Regulation No. 1/LAPS-SJK/I/2021 and explores procedural constraints. An empirical juridical method with qualitative approach was employed through in-depth interviews with OJK DIY officials and consumers utilizing mediation services, supplemented by secondary data from official documents and related regulations analyzed descriptively. Findings reveal a low mediation success rate of 18.67% from 2,501 complaints in 2023 with an average resolution duration of 10 working days. Primary obstacles include digital gaps in service access, insufficient legal and financial literacy among the public, bargaining power disparities between consumers and financial institutions, and limited program socialization. The research recommends transforming OJK DIY's mediation system through enhanced digital access, strengthened consumer education, equalized bargaining positions, and intensified socialization. This study contributes to developing more efficient and equitable dispute resolution policies and provides strategic recommendations for improving consumer protection in Indonesia's financial services sector.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) and its influence on employee performance at the Kepiting Soka Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprise (MSME) in Pangkalan Batu, Langkat Regency. This MSME operates in the soft-shell crab processing sector and faces challenges in maintaining product quality and production efficiency. The research uses a qualitative descriptive method, with data collection techniques including observation, interviews, and documentation. The results show that TQM implementation remains informal and unstructured. Although work practices such as precision and compliance with instructions reflect basic TQM principles, employee understanding of the concept is limited. Employee involvement in quality evaluation is also minimal, and there is no documented quality management system in place. The main obstacles In applying TQM in this MSME include a lack of training, limited resources, and the absence of clear Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). Therefore, a gradual implementation of TQM is necessary, starting with the development of SOPs, regular training, and strengthening commitment to quality. These steps are expected to improve employee performance and enhance the competitiveness of The product in the market.    

The existence of clean water is very important because clean water is a basic need for human life and the environment. The availability of abundant clean water is certainly an indicator of welfare, public health, and environmental sustainability. The Surakarta City Regional Drinking Water Company as a provider of clean water services to the community is carried out in accordance with applicable regulations in order to realize clean water services that are decent, equitable, and sustainable. This study aims to determine the role of the Surakarta City Regional Drinking Water Company in implementing the provision of clean water to meet the needs of the community. This research method uses an empirical legal research method. Based on the results of the study, it shows that the implementation of drinking water provision by the Surakarta City Regional Drinking Water Company is not entirely fair and equitable to the community. This is influenced by several obstacles faced, including unstable water quality, less than optimal water continuity, damage to water pumps, and leaks in the pipe network.

Inclusive village development is a strategic priority in realizing the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with Village-Owned Enterprises ( BUMDes ) as the driving force of the local economy. However, the participation of vulnerable groups—such as people with disabilities , the elderly, women, and the poor—is still limited in BUMDes services . This study aims to evaluate the quality of BUMDes services in Daha Utara District through the SERVQUAL (Service Quality) approach which includes five dimensions: tangibles , reliability , responsiveness , assurance , and empathy . The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a phenomenological approach . Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with three categories of participants: BUMDes managers , vulnerable groups, and community leaders. The results of the study indicate that physical facilities ( tangibles ) are not inclusive, service reliability is disrupted by limited human resources, and the assurance dimension has not been supported by ongoing training. Meanwhile, the responsiveness and empathy dimensions are relatively good interpersonally , but are not yet structured institutionally. The main obstacles identified are the lack of budget, lack of training, and the absence of a formal complaint mechanism. On the other hand, moral support from village managers and figures is a supporting factor for service transformation. This study concludes that improving the quality of inclusive services requires a transformative and participatory approach , including adaptive digitalization and active involvement of vulnerable groups in planning. These findings are expected to be the basis for making fairer and more responsive village development policies.

The purpose of this activity is to find out how much knowledge the local community in Patimban Village has regarding the internet to avoid fraud on online shopping sites or E-commerce. This Community Service Activity uses a field observation method (direct observation) by visiting people's homes through the distribution of information paper. The results of the activity concluded: first, online fraud is in principle the same as conventional fraud through the use of electronic systems (computers, internet, telecommunications devices) as a criminal act of fraud based on Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions. Law enforcement officers often experience difficulties and obstacles in ensnaring perpetrators of fraud; and second, this criminal act of fraud can be charged with Article 378 of the Criminal Code as a criminal act of fraud or Article 28 paragraph (1) of the ITE Law concerning the regulation of the spread of false and misleading news that is detrimental to consumers. Or it can be charged based on both articles at once, namely, 378 of the Criminal Code in conjunction with Article 28 paragraph (1) in conjunction with Article 45 paragraph (1) of Law No. 11 of 2008 concerning fraud and/or ITE crimes.

Natuna waters are the most vulnerable area to illegal fishing because there is abundant potential for fishery resources. It was recorded that from May to December 2016, there were 280 foreign vessels in Natuna waters, which resulted in economic losses of 2.98 trillion Rupiah. This study aims to examine and assess the policies and actions that the Indonesian government has implemented in overcoming illegal fishing activities in the area. The results of this study are that the Natuna Waters Area is part of the Indonesian Archipelago Sea Lane (ALKI) and functions as a global waterway. The Natuna Waters Area borders with neighboring countries and is connected to open waters, making it vulnerable to illegal fishing activities. The Indonesian government's strategy in dealing with cases of unlawful fishing in Natuna waters effectively increases the protection of state sovereignty and marine resources through policies such as sinking ships and maritime diplomacy. However, this implementation policy overcomes obstacles in the form of intimidation from other countries, such as China, and weaknesses in supervision and coordination between domestic institutions, which can affect microorganisms in fisheries management and maritime security in the area.

This study aims to examine the obstacles and role of the Village Government in the mediation process of family inheritance disputes in Sitampa Simatoras Village, Batang Angkola District, South Tapanuli Regency. Land inheritance disputes often cause internal family conflicts that disturb public peace. This study uses a normative and qualitative approach with primary data through interviews and secondary data from literature and laws and regulations. The results of the study show that the Village Head has an important role as a mediator in resolving disputes, but faces various obstacles. The main obstacles include the emotional attitude of the parties to the dispute, the lack of written evidence and witnesses, the low legal knowledge of the village government, and the lack of standard guidelines on mediation mechanisms at the village level. Even so, the Village Head still tries to carry out his role by bringing together the parties and involving traditional leaders to reach a peace agreement. If mediation fails, then the Village Head suggests a settlement through legal channels. This research emphasizes the importance of strengthening the legal capacity of village governments and the need for clearer regulations regarding the implementation of mediation at the village level as a preventive effort to resolve family-based agrarian conflicts.

The integration of Civic Education (PKn) values ​​in modern society has become an urgent need Early childhood reading literacy is an important foundation in developing children's academic, cognitive, and social abilities. Although awareness of the importance of literacy has increased, practice in the field shows that many early childhood children still do not have adequate reading interest and skills. Various challenges such as limited access to books, low parental involvement, dependence on digital technology, and lack of teacher training are obstacles to improving early childhood literacy. Therefore, strategic and collaborative solutions are needed that involve families, schools, and communities in creating a child-friendly literate environment. This paper aims to comprehensively explore the existing challenges and present solutions that can be practically applied in supporting the improvement of early childhood reading literacy.

The problem of decision making for admitting new students at SMK Fajar Bogor is that they still use Microsoft Excel so they experience several obstacles and a lack of systematicity in decision making regarding new students at SMK Fajar Bogor.  This research aims to design an application to make the processing of prospective new students' grades easier and to design a more systematic decision-making application regarding the admission of new students to SMK Fajar Bogor. This research identifies the criteria for diploma grades, test scores, psychological test scores and zoning. The Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) method was used to design, develop and test a decision support system at the SMK Fajar Bogor school. This system is designed using the PHP programming language and MYSQL database. The results of the research are that the process of processing the grades of prospective new students becomes easier, decision making regarding the acceptance of new students at SMK Fajar Bogor becomes more systematic.

Language development in early childhood is a fundamental aspect in shaping children's cognitive, social, and emotional abilities. However, in today's digital era, excessive use of gadgets has become a common habit in parenting patterns, which has the potential to inhibit children's speech development. This article aims to examine the impact of gadget use on speech delays in early childhood using a literature review approach to the literature from 2020–2025. The results of the study indicate that passive interaction through gadgets, without adequate verbal guidance and stimulation, can reduce the frequency of dialogue and children's social involvement. This condition increases the risk of speech delay, expressive communication disorders, and vocabulary limitations. In addition, factors such as permissive parenting, technoference, and lack of direct verbal activity are significant contributors to obstacles to language development. Therefore, an active role is needed for parents in limiting screen time, assisting with the use of digital media, and creating an environment rich in verbal interaction. Public education and early detection are also important solutions to prevent and treat speech delays from an early age.

This research aims to examine how coordination between the Legislation Drafter and the Initiator in the harmonization process through the E-Legal application. The harmonization process was previously carried out manually which was then transformed using the E-Legal application which made it easier for the Legislation Drafter and the Initiator to carry out their duties and functions. This research method uses a qualitative method with a case study approach, data collection techniques using interview techniques as primary data and literature study as secondary data. E-Legal application has a great impact on accelerating the harmonization process, although there are still technical and administrative obstacles in its implementation. The results of this study are expected to provide academic and practical understanding.

This study aims to determine the use of flashcard learning media in improving the communication skills of autistic children. Autistic children often experience obstacles in communicating, both verbally and nonverbally, so interactive and visual learning methods are needed. Flashcards were chosen as the media because of their simple, interesting, and easy-to-use nature to convey information visually. This study uses a quantitative approach with an experimental research design. The subjects of the study were autistic children aged 4-6 years who attended Anggrek Mandiri Inclusive Kindergarten. It is hoped that this study will be able to improve the communication skills of autistic children, both in recognizing words and understanding certain concepts.

This study aims to describe and explain the challenges and obstacles in implementing differentiated learning in Science and Social Studies (IPAS) for fourth-grade students at Galeh 1 Public Elementary School, Tangen District, Sragen Regency, in the  2024/2025 academic year. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method, with the study conducted at Galeh 01 Elementary School in April 2025. The research subjects included the fourth-grade teacher and students, consisting of 8 male and 11 female students. Data collection techniques involved observation, interviews, and documentation, analyzed using the interactive data analysis model by Miles & Huberman. The results of the study show that: a) content differentiation was evident through the teacher's systematic preparation of IPAS teaching modules, provision of learning materials, and the use of PowerPoint and concrete images as media; b) process differentiation was demonstrated through varied assignments in group and individual formats, tailored approaches according to academic levels, and the use of an LCD projector to support learning; c) product differentiation was observed through students being given opportunities to present and the teacher providing summative assessments as a measure of understanding; d) the learning environment element was reflected in the teacher creating a fun and conducive classroom atmosphere. 2) The challenges and obstacles in implementing differentiated learning included: a) the presence of passive students, b) limited facilities and infrastructure, c) the time-consuming process of preparing learning components, and d) student dependency on peers.

This research is motivated by the existence of problems in the management of movable assets owned by Margajaya Village which are not yet optimal. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimization of movable asset management in Margajaya Village, Sukadana District, Ciamis Regency. The method used in this study is descriptive analysis. There are 6 informants. Data collection techniques are literature studies, field studies (observations and interviews) and documentation. The author uses qualitative data analysis techniques through processing data from interviews and observations to draw conclusions so that they can answer the problems in the study. Based on the results of the study, it is known that: Optimization of movable asset management in Margajaya Village has been implemented but has not been optimal in accordance with the principles of asset management, namely the functional principle, legal certainty, openness, efficiency, accountability, and certainty of value. This shows that the movable assets owned by the village have been used but have not been managed effectively to support the implementation of government duties and community services. There are several obstacles faced in the management of movable assets, including limited competent human resources, inadequate supporting facilities and infrastructure, lack of socialization and understanding of regulations, limited community participation in supervision, and budget constraints for asset maintenance and development. Efforts have been made by the Margajaya Village Government together with related parties to overcome these obstacles, including conducting training and increasing the capacity of village officials, implementing a digital-based asset management information system, socializing and assisting with asset management regulations, increasing transparency and community participation, and optimizing village budget management.