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This research is classroom action research that aims to improve the learning outcomes of Integrated Social Sciences through the application of differentiated learning in grade VII students of UPT SMPN Satap Pulo Bembe No. 29 Selayar Islands. The subject of this study is a student of grade VII UPT SMPN Satap Pulo Bembe No. 29 with a total of 12 students consisting of 7 male students and 5 female students. This research was carried out in two cycles, namely cycle I which was carried out 3 meetings (the first and second meetings for the learning process and the third meeting for Integrated Social Studies learning outcome assessment activities) and cycle II was also carried out 3 meetings. The two cycles were carried out for 2 months plus summarizing all existing research results. The results of the study show that the application of differentiated learning has succeeded in significantly improving student learning outcomes. In the first cycle, 50% of students have not reached the completion score, but in the second cycle, the number of students who did not complete the score decreased drastically to only 8%, while the number of students who achieved the completion score increased to 92%. This shows that differentiated learning is effective in overcoming academic gaps between students and improving their achievement of learning outcomes. In addition to improving learning outcomes, differentiated learning has also been proven to be effective in increasing student activity. In the first cycle, the average student activity only reached 68%, showing that even though some students are already active, there are still many who lack participation. After the implementation of a more optimal differentiated learning strategy in cycle II, student activity increased significantly to 87%. This shows that the differentiated learning approach not only helps students in understanding the material, but also increases their engagement in the learning process. The application of differentiated learning in cycle II resulted in a significant increase in learning outcomes and student activity, which shows the success of this strategy in meeting the diverse learning needs of students.

Physical punishment of children, such as hitting, remains a common practice in education. This study examines the negative impact of physical punishment on learning effectiveness, psychological aspects, and students' academic performance. Research indicates that children who experience physical violence tend to suffer from anxiety, stress, and low motivation to learn, resulting in lower academic achievement. Additionally, physical punishment can lead to emotional disturbances, the development of aggressive behavior, and a decline in social skills. To reduce the practice of physical violence in schools, strategies such as implementing positive discipline, strengthening character education, and increasing awareness among educators and parents about the harmful effects of physical punishment are necessary.

Poverty and economic inequality pose substantial issues for numerous emerging nations, with an estimated 712 million individuals globally residing in extreme poverty as of 2022. This article analyzes the impact of public policy on these concerns, with case studies from Indonesia, Brazil, and India. This research employs literature review methodologies to analyze several implemented policies, including conditional cash assistance, enhanced access to education, health services, infrastructure development, and economic empowerment initiatives. Conditional cash transfer programs, exemplified by Indonesia's Family Hope Program and Brazil's Bolsa Familia, have demonstrated efficacy in enhancing access to fundamental services for impoverished populations. Conversely, implementation obstacles, including limited institutional capacity and inadequate oversight, frequently obstruct policy achievement in underdeveloped nations. This study concludes that effective public policy necessitates a multifaceted strategy involving resource redistribution, the creation of economic possibilities, and enhanced access to education and healthcare. This research aims to offer insights for other developing nations by examining the policies enacted in these three countries, so facilitating the creation of more inclusive and sustainable public policy interventions. These findings underscore the significance of the government's involvement in empowering impoverished communities through systematic and sustainable measures to foster equitable development and mitigate inequality.

This study aims to explore the role of Muhammadiyah leadership in building student character at MTs 2 Muhammadiyah. The method used in this study is a qualitative approach, with data collection through interviews, observations, and documentation studies. The results of the study indicate that Muhammadiyah leadership has a significant positive impact on the formation of student character, including in moral, ethical, and social aspects. Leaders in the MTs 2 Muhammadiyah environment apply religious and social values upheld by Muhammadiyah, which encourage students to behave well and responsibly. The conclusion of this study confirms that leadership based on Muhammadiyah values not only improves academic achievement, but also shapes students' character into better individuals, who are ready to face challenges in the future.

In initial observations at SMP Negeri 20 Surakarta, various emotional and behavioral problems were found among students, including self-injurious behavior due to emotional stress, such as friendship conflicts and social pressure. This phenomenon highlights the importance of psychosocial interventions to increase awareness of mental health among adolescents. Adolescence, as a critical period of biological, psychological and social development, is vulnerable to internal and external conflicts that can affect mental well-being. Data shows that the prevalence of emotional mental disorders in adolescents is increasing, with risk factors including academic pressure, poor interpersonal relationships, and lack of mental health awareness and support. To overcome this, community service activities in the form of mental health psychoeducation were carried out at SMP Negeri 20 Surakarta. This activity includes training in managing emotions, strengthening interpersonal relationships, and increasing student awareness about the importance of mental health. Results show increased student understanding and awareness, as well as positive impacts on psychological well-being, social skills, and academic achievement. It is hoped that this program will be the first step in supporting adolescent mental health and reducing the risk of psychological disorders in the future.

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding is a crucial factor in improving infant growth and health during the first six months of life. However, the achievement of exclusive breastfeeding is often influenced by various maternal factors, including the mother’s occupation. Working mothers frequently face challenges related to time constraints, workplace support, and breastfeeding facilities, which may affect their ability to provide exclusive breastfeeding. Understanding the relationship between maternal occupation and exclusive breastfeeding is essential to improve breastfeeding promotion programs at primary health care levels. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between mother’s occupation and exclusive breastfeeding at the Posi Posi Community Health Center. Methods: This study employed an analytical observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 30 mothers who had infants aged 6–12 months, selected using a total sampling technique. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and maternal health records. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test to examine the relationship between mother’s occupation and exclusive breastfeeding practices. Results: The results showed a statistically significant relationship between mother’s occupation and exclusive breastfeeding practices. The Wilcoxon test analysis obtained a p-value of 0.001 (p < 0.05), indicating that maternal occupation significantly influenced the provision of exclusive breastfeeding at the Posi Posi Community Health Center. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between mother’s occupation and exclusive breastfeeding. Working mothers tend to experience more barriers in providing exclusive breastfeeding compared to non-working mothers. Strengthening workplace support, breastfeeding-friendly policies, and continuous health education is recommended to improve exclusive breastfeeding coverage.

This study aims to examine the impact of implementing the Think-Pair-Share (TPS) cooperative learning model on improving academic motivation and learning achievement in Indonesian language lessons at SD Pangeran Antasari Medan. The TPS model was chosen because it encourages students to actively engage in discussions and collaborate, which can enhance their involvement in learning. The research method used is a quantitative approach with an experimental design, where data is collected through pre-tests and post-tests to measure changes in students' motivation and academic performance. In addition, a questionnaire was used to assess students' academic motivation. The results of the study show a significant improvement in both academic motivation and learning achievement after the implementation of the TPS model. Normality and statistical tests were conducted to ensure the validity of the data. This study provides benefits for the development of Indonesian language teaching at the elementary level by introducing a method that can effectively improve students' motivation and academic performance.

The research addresses the role of artificial intelligence technologies in achieving cost reduction, achieving a sustainable competitive advantage, and improving the operational performance of companies, by analyzing how these technologies reduce costs. The research is based on a basic hypothesis that "artificial intelligence technologies contribute positively to reducing costs for economic units by improving the efficiency of using available resources, reducing waste, and improving technical innovations, which enhances the ability of the economic unit to compete and achieve a sustainable competitive advantage." The research recommends investing in artificial intelligence technologies, training employees to use them effectively, developing a clear strategy, adopting analytical models to measure the impact of artificial intelligence on performance and costs on a regular basis, and supporting research related to developing artificial intelligence applications to improve operational efficiency and enhance cooperation between universities and economic units to develop innovative solutions that achieve a sustainable competitive advantage. This research is an addition to the literature concerned with how economic units adopt artificial intelligence technologies and work to reduce their operating costs, and aims to provide a practical framework for economic units seeking to improve their financial performance by adopting the latest artificial intelligence technologies.

This study aims to determine the attitude of the company in the fields of cargo, shipping, and port operations at PT. Link Pacific Logistic. The company's attitude can be analyzed through the presentation of the company's profile in describing its objectives and vision to be achieved. The main attraction lies in the company's introduction, which plays an important role in establishing a network of professional collaboration. In this analysis, the researcher has identified three types of attitudes: Permanence – the extent to which the company perceives achievements and challenges as temporary or long-lasting. Pervasiveness – the extent to which the company considers an event to impact the entire operational aspects or only certain areas.Personalization – the extent to which the company attributes successes and challenges to internal or external factors. Based on the research findings, the company's profile presentation shows very significant results, with permanence being the most dominant aspect in describing the company's objectives. ocial media interaction (source credibility, source homophily, and content quality) positively impacts future intention.

Non-Communicable Disease (NCD) Screening is an early effort to identify NCD risk factors in individuals or groups through the Integrated Development Post (Posbindu) NCD. NCDs consist of Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, Cervical and Breast Cancer, and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. NCDs are increasing and are the main cause of death of the population. In 2030, it is targeted that at least the number of premature deaths due to NCDs can be prevented through the SDGs program by 25%. The Faculty of Health Sciences (Fikes) of Musi Charitas Catholic University (UKMC) is part of the Sukarami Health Center Working Area which has 396 students in the 2024/2025 academic year. Fikes finds out whether or not there are NCD risk data factors in students. Lecturers and Officers of the Sukarami Health Center are actively conducting NCD screening using the Posbindu activity method, namely 5 Tables (Registration, Interview, Measurement, Examination and Counseling/Education). The target of all UKMC Fikes students who are studying on campus is 287 (72.47%). The activities carried out were measuring Body Weight (BB), Height (BB), determining Body Mass Index (BMI). Implementation of procedures in accordance with the guidelines set by the Indonesian National Nurses Association (PPNI). Results: The target achievement was 245 (85.37%) of the original target of 287. Analysis results 1) Students who have a BMI > 25 are 72 (29.39%) students; have a waist circumference > 80 (women) and > 90 (men) are 62 (25%) students. Blood pressure > 130/90 mmHg is owned by 6 (2.45%) students, while random blood sugar > 180 mg/dl is owned by 1 (0.41%) student. Suggestions or Follow-up Action Plans: All students are screened periodically and PTM control is carried out.

This descriptive research aims to shed light the general portrait of the utilization of EnglishScore as an international standardized test. It also intends to describe the test takers’ insights on the use of EnglishScore application. Eighty-two participants involved in this study. Questionnaire was employed to collect the data. The data were analyzed by Miles, et al Model consisting of collection, classification, description, and conclusion. The results imply that EnglishScore is an ideal and innovative English test and it is valid to use to measure the test takers’ English proficiency level since it is aligned with CEFR. Thus, it facilitates a better understanding and achievement of the test takers’ English proficiency.

Information and communication technologies' (ICTs') explosive growth will raise questions efficiently support the accounting industry in order to simplify the delivery of its goods and services in Nigeria beyond 2024. The role of ICT on the growth of the accounting profession in Nigeria was the main focus of this study. Using a tool called the role of ICT in Accounting Questionnaire (RIAQ), 60 accountants' opinions were purposefully gathered from the teaching and bursary staff of Nasarawa State University, Keffi, as well as the six banks that operate in Keffi Metropolis, in order to implement the survey study design. The chi-square statistic was employed in the data analysis to determine the degree to which ICT has helped the accounting industry, and the association between ICT and job competency in the accounting industry was examined using regression analysis. In summary, the study discovered a substantial correlation (P<0.05) between accounting proficiency and ICT use. According to the study's findings, ICT is crucial to Nigeria's accounting and Vision 2024 progress and achievement. It was suggested that accounting professionals should receive ongoing training in order to embrace and use ICT into accounting practice.

Public open space can provide a special identity for a city. Generally, the shape of public open spaces must be able to accommodate a variety of user activities and have characteristics that attract people to come. The purpose of this study is to determine the correlation between motivation and atmosphere characteristics in public open spaces in Palembang City. This research uses quantitative methods that are explanatory. The data collected by using the semantic-differential (SD-method) with the sample selection using snowball-non-random-sampling. The results of the latent variable analysis and Multivariate Correlation Analysis are in the form of a relationship between motivation and the atmosphere in public open spaces in Palembang City. The results of this study indicate that the motivation of the people who come to open public spaces has reasons, that are refreshment, achievement and interaction. This motivation is supported by the influence of the atmosphere in public open space which is assessed from two aspects, such as orderliness and natural environment.

This study aims to find out and analyze the study of the default judiciary in the implementation of the lending agreement between creditors and debtors based on case number 71/PDT. G/2023/PN KPG. This research is a normative law research that uses primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. The approach methods used in this study include the Case Approach, the Conceptual Approach, and the Statute Approach. The researcher performs this technique by collecting source materials and then doing so by reading, studying, analyzing, recording and interpreting points related to the problems or legal issues raised by the researcher. The results of this study show (1) The form of default committed by the defendants or debtors as contained in decision number 71/Pdt. G/2023/PN. Kpg The form of default committed by the debtors and/or the defendants as the judgment in question is a form of default "carrying out the achievement but not as it should" (2) The legal consequences that must be borne by the defendants are having to pay compensation that is many times the amount of the previous loan, namely from Rp. 350,000,000,- (three hundred and fifty million) to Rp. 612,847,022,-  (six hundred and twelve million eight hundred and forty-seven twenty-two rupiah) and must pay the cost of the case and must give up the bail if seven days after the legally effective judgment remains to be confiscated and the factors that cause the perpetrators of the default can be categorized into internal factors and external factors.

Advances in science and learning technology that support spiritual, intellectual, social, emotional, and kinesthetic aspects can develop the potential of students. With the development in the world of education, technological media is needed as an alternative to today's teaching to improve the achievement of learning objectives.  The focus of this study aims to determine the planning, implementation and evaluation of learning in MIN 1 and MIN 2 Nganjuk. This type of research is qualitative. As directed by the type of qualitative research, the collected data are analyzed with the theory as presented in chapter II to obtain various interpretative descriptions according to logical and rational scientific research rules. The results of this study are the use of audiovisual media in learning in Indonesian language subjects at MIN 1 and MIN 2 Nganjuk as follows: a. Learning planning using audiovisual media in Indonesian language learning at MIN 1 and MIN 2 Nganjuk is planned coherently from learning objectives, materials, and media used. b. Implementation of the use of audiovisual media in Indonesian language learning at MIN 1 and MIN 2 Nganjuk shows that the use of audiovisual media can help teachers in delivering learning materials. c. Evaluation of teaching using audiovisual media in Indonesian language learning for teachers is done through peers as a reflection for teachers.

Leadership is a key factor in the success or failure of an organization across various fields, including business, education, healthcare, social affairs, politics, and governance. It serves as a social mechanism that coordinates relationships among individuals within a community to achieve shared objectives. This study examines educational leadership, focusing on the development of human resources (HR). Utilizing a qualitative approach with library research methods, the study employs documentation for data collection and content analysis for data interpretation. The results indicate that effective and cohesive policies implemented by school principals address areas such as HR development, financial management, technological adoption, and improvements in infrastructure and school culture. These policies contribute to fostering a sustainable and improved educational vision. School principals, as leaders, must craft flexible policies and collaborate with all school and community stakeholders to ensure the achievement of collective goals.

This study aims to evaluate the Youth Potential Development policy implemented by the Youth and Sports Office (DISPORA) of Surabaya in enhancing youth participation and the quality of sports among young people. In this research, the researcher employs Dunn's (2003) policy evaluation theory, which consists of six criteria: effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, equity, responsiveness, and appropriateness. The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach, and the data collected comes from interviews, documentation, and field observations related to the implementation of this policy. The findings indicate that the implemented policy has successfully increased youth participation in sports, with an increase of approximately 70% from the initial target. However, regarding the quality of sports performance, this policy faces challenges related to limited facilities and insufficient training, which hinder optimal achievement of performance. The conclusion of this study emphasizes that although DISPORA Surabaya has succeeded in increasing youth sports participation, the quality of sports performance still requires more attention, particularly in strengthening facilities and enhancing ongoing training. Additionally, there are several challenges that need to be addressed, such as the lack of adequate data, disparities in youth participation from different socio-economic backgrounds, and insufficient coordination among related agencies. Based on these findings, the researcher recommends that DISPORA Surabaya improve the data collection and information processing systems to be more integrated, design more inclusive policies for diverse youth segments, and strengthen coordination among related agencies to ensure that the policy is implemented more effectively and efficiently.

The development of fine motor skills is one of the fundamental abilities nurtured in early childhood education institutions, in accordance with developmental achievement indicators. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the influence of Cooking Class activities on children's fine motor skills during the pre-cycle, Cycle I, and Cycle II, as well as to understand how the implementation of Cooking Class activities can improve the fine motor skills of children aged 4-6 years at Al-Amin Kindergarten. The method used in this study is classroom action research, with a sample of 37 students. Data collection techniques involved observation sheets and documentation. The data analysis results showed an improvement in the fine motor skills of children aged 4-6 years through Cooking Class activities, starting from the observations conducted in the pre-cycle stage and increasing in each subsequent cycle. This can be seen from the scores obtained, starting from the pre-cycle to Cycle II. The average score increased from 34.56% in the pre-cycle, to 58.98% in Cycle I,and showed a significant improvement to 85.70% in Cycle II.

The existence of management of facilities and infrastructure to serve the entire community in the school through a joint effort to achieve goals both effectively and efficiently. The formulation of the research problem is; How to Manage School Facilities and Infrastructure to Support Student Learning Achievement at MTS Assalam. The aim of the research is to find out how the management of school facilities and infrastructure supports the achievement of student participants at MTS Assalam Penuguan Banyuasin. Qualitative research method, using a descriptive approach. Information is obtained from interviews, hand notes, documents and visual materials such as photos and videos, materials from the internet and other documents. As a result of the research, findings were obtained regarding: The availability of facilities and infrastructure in schools can make it easier for students and teachers in the learning process, if they have adequate facilities and infrastructure, teachers' strategies and skills in teaching and use the facilities and infrastructure appropriately. Complete educational facilities and infrastructure can create better learning conditions. Based on the research results, conclusions from interviews with management informants of facilities and infrastructure at MTS Assalam can be said to support student learning achievement, because at MTS Assalam the infrastructure is good. And the suggestion is that schools need to increase creativity and innovation in maintaining facilities and infrastructure. So doesn't cost too much money or procurement funds for maintenance. For example, holding a class wall cleaning competition. So that student creativity increases, maintenance is maintained and expenses for purchasing wall paint are minimized.

This study aims to see how the condition and completeness of the facilities and infrastructure of the light vehicle engineering workshop at SMK Negeri 1 Nisam. The research method was carried out by conducting interviews with the relevant teachers in the workshop, and observation of data on school documents related to light vehicle engineering workshop facilities. The results showed that the results achieved were 55%, so it can be interpreted that the achievement criteria are included in the feasible category. So the conclusion that can be obtained is that it proves that there is still a level of awareness of practicum equipment users to carry out maintenance on the tools used for practicum activities.