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This study is aimed to investigate the compatibility of materials in the textbook entitled "Cambridge English for Job-hunting" based on Tomlinson’s theory. The researcher used descriptive approach research as the type of the study. The data of the study were done by follows the process involved several stages, which are as follows: 1) The researcher selected an English textbook for analysis, 2) the researcher read the English textbook thoroughly, 3) the researcher carefully reviewed the content of the textbook, 4) the researcher gathered all the necessary materials from the textbook for analysis. The result of this study shows that the textbook substantially complies with Tomlinson's criteria for useful tools for language learning. It effectively engages students, builds confidence, offers appropriate information, uses actual speech, and accommodates a range of learning preferences and emotional conditions.    

The research focuses on conducting a comparative study of social representation in two famous Indonesian novels, namely, "Ronggeng Dukuh Paruk" written by Ahmad Tohari and "Bumi Manusia" by Pramoedya Ananta Toer. The research explores the implications of the novel for Indonesian language teaching materials in secondary schools, which were revised by the Ministry of Education and Culture in 2018. These literary works, the abundance of value contained in social, cultural, and historical significance, are regarded as valuable assets that can enhance literary teaching with the aim of growing students' understanding of various aspects of Indonesian society. Qualitative methodology was used in this study to investigate how the integration of these two novels into the Indonesian language curriculum could enhance students' understanding of principles such as justice, identity, and social interaction. The study revealed that the inclusion of these novels in literary education not only expanded students' awareness of social and cultural issues but also increased their capacity for critical analysis and empathy. It is recommended that educators adopt an interdisciplinary approach when teaching literature, linking texts to broader social, historical, and cultural frameworks to facilitate students in developing a deeper understanding of their community and its underlying principles. The results of this research are expected to offer a new perspective on improving the curriculum of literature and pedagogical strategies in Indonesia, in particular in cultivating the social and critical awareness of students through literary studies.    

Chicken nuggets with the addition of purple sweet potato puree and shrimp are innovative nuggets made from chicken meat, purple sweet potato, shrimp and spices. The experiment aimed to determine: 1) the best sensory test quality: 2) nutritional content, namely Protein, Fat, Carbohydrate, Antioxidant, Fiber; and 3) selling price  250 grams.  research method used experiments to conduct 2 trials to determine  best sensory test. Data collection techniques through sensory tests using instrument 30 panelists. Data analysis technique with quantitative descriptive analysis of percentages.  results showed: 1) color sensory test results 22 (69%) light purple, 8 (25%) purple and 2 (6%) not purple, shape 16 (53%) love-shaped, 14 (47%) less perfect, aroma 21 (70%) smells combination of chicken and purple sweet potato, 7 (23%)  combination of chicken and shrimp, 2 (7%) less flavorful shrimp and purple sweet potato, taste 20 (67%) moderately savory combination of chicken shrimp  little sweetness purple sweet potato, 9 (30%) savory combination of chicken, shrimp, 2 (3%) sweet not savory purple sweet potato. Texture 18 (60%) soft chewy solid 12 (40%) solid; 2) laboratory test results content per 100 grams; Protein 12.83%, Carbohydrate 36.56%, Fat 6.05%, Antioxidant 92.88%, Fiber 3.22%; 3) Selling price 250 grams IDR 36.800.

Eclairs are cakes that are much favored by the general public, became as éclair a hollow texture and are soft on the inside. Mocaf is flour has been modified by fermentation, and has characteristics similar to wheat flour. This reseacrh used a variety of peanuts flour such as cowpeas, red bens and mung beans as protein and fiber source. The variety of nuts added aims to encrease the nutritional content of eclairs. This research was purposed to determine the chemical and sensory characteristics of eclairs which are high in protein and fiber and to determine consumer preferences from the comparison of mocaf and wheat flour with various types of peanut flour. The experimental design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors, the first factor was the ratio of mocaf flour and wheat flour 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, the second factor was the variety of species of beans, cowpeas, red beans, mung beans. The results showed that the protein content was the highest, in the mocaf and wheat flour of 7:3 with a protein content of 8.50%. the eclairs formulation with the highest fiber content was found in a 9:1 ratio of mocaf flour and wheat flour with variety types of mung beans flour with a fiber content of 9.94%. The formulation of the ratio of mocaf flour : wheat flour 7:3 with variety species is the most preferred formula overall with an overall preference level of 3.67. Eclairs with the addition of peanut flour has the potential to increase product protein.

Knowing the effectiveness of the CORE model in learning to write Indonesian biographical texts for class X Karangpucung Darussalam Vocational School is the aim of this research. The type used in this research is quantitative with a quasi-experimental design. The sampling technique is random sampling technique. Class X TKR 1 as the experimental class and class X TBSM 1 as the control class. In this analysis the data collection method is the experimental method. The results of the t-test assume that if t_count > t_table is 5.312 > 2.021 and the significance value is 0.05 then H_a will be accepted. The purpose of these results is to conclude that there is a significant difference between the post-test performance data for the experimental class and the control class. Therefore, this model has proven to be effective in writing biographical texts in class X at Karangpucung Darussalam Vocational School.

This study examines the English textbook "English Class X for SMA/MA/SMK/MAK Revised Edition 2017" through the lens of Tomlinson's theoretical framework to ascertain its effectiveness in facilitating language acquisition. Using a descriptive approach and document analysis, the study focused on book contents, examining elements such as impact, learner comfort, confidence building, relevance, language exposure and more. Data collection involved examining the content of the textbook, while analysis included subjective and objective ratings based on Tomlinson's sixteen criteria for effective learning materials. Results showed that the textbook was generally in line with Tomlinson's standards, meeting fifteen of the sixteen criteria, including impactful materials, learner engagement, and diverse learning opportunities. However, the textbook was lacking in facilitating learner self-investment. In addition, the study suggests improvements in physical design to enhance attractiveness. The textbook "English Class X" overall meets the criteria as a quality learning resource with diverse and engaging content, supporting effective language learning. This analysis provides important insights for informed textbook selection that fit within a pedagogical framework, aiming to improve student learning outcomes.  

This research evaluates an English for Business textbook written by Mary Ellen Guffey & Carolyn M. Seefer with a content analysis approach. This study focuses on exploring the structure, content, and learning features in textbooks to assess their suitability to learner needs and stated goals. The examination conducted to assess the textbooks in this research employed a qualitative descriptive approach using the Cunningsworth and Miekley checklist as its foundation. The assessment scale encompasses ratings ranging from 'very good' and 'good' to 'moderate' and 'poor'. The analysis revealed the textbook's effectiveness in facilitating learning through its structured layout, engaging examples, and interactive features. Additionally, contextualization in real business scenarios and sections that promote discussion increase its relevance and applicability. This study offers valuable insights for educators, curriculum developers, and policy makers in selecting and developing ESP textbooks tailored to the specific needs of learners in the business field.

Vermicelli is an alternative food to replace rice, a type of noodle that is still in great demand by the public. Vermicelli is a popular food made from rice flour processed through an extrusion process so that it is shaped like a thread. The substitution of potato starch and the addition of celery extract will increase the antioxidant activity content of the vermicelli. The purpose of this research was produce vermicelli which has high antioxidant activity and produce vermicelli with characteristics according to Indonesian National Standard No. 01-2975-2006. Complete Randomized Design factorial with two factors were used in this research. The first factor was the ratio of rice flour and potatoes flour (10:90, 15:85, 20:80). The second factors was the levels of celery extract to water addition of dough (0,78; 1,04; 1,56%). The vermicelli were then tested for moisture content, ash content, crude fiber content and antioxidant activity as well as sensory analysis. The data analyse using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The best treatment was on ratio of substitution potatoes flour 20:80(g) with celery extract (0,78%). The fermicelli produced has the following characteristics water 10,65%, ash content 0,52%, fiber content 3,45% and 19,25% antioxidant activity. Femicelli produced in accordance with the quality requirements of SNI No. 01- 2975-2006. The sensory test of fermicelli that having color for dry fermicelli (3,82) color is yellowish dark green, color for wet fermicelli (3.62) is slightly faded green, texture (2,68) is not chewy, after taste (3.36) the taste of celery that lingers after being swallowed and overall preference (3,42).

This study aims to analyze the interpretation of character symbolism in poetry based on the poet's perspective. Using text analysis methods, this study explores how poets use metaphorical figures in poetry to convey deep meaning. Data was collected from specially selected poems, and analyzed to reveal the poet's interpretation of the symbolism of the characters in their works. The findings from this research provide valuable insight into the poet's creative process in using metaphorical figures as a tool for artistic expression and understanding meaning in poetry.

Speech acts in pragmatic science are divided into several types, one of which is representative speech acts. Speech acts that bind the speaker to the truth of what he says are representative speech acts. Speeches that include speech acts can be found in learning videos. Based on this, this study analyzes the representative speech acts contained in the learning video. The data used in the research is in the form of learning videos in the "Summary of Indonesian Language Materials Class 7 K-13" playlist on the Youtube channel "Edukasi Portal". This study aims to provide exposure and describe various representative speech acts contained in the data source. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. It was found in Chapter 1 ''Description Text'' material, 1 0 data were produced, 1 2 data was found in Chapter 2 ''National Text'', 9 representative speech data were found in Chapter 3 ''Procedural Text'' , and 12 speech data were found. on the material of Chapter 4 ''Text of Observation Results'' and as many as 12 data on the material of Chapter 5 ''People's Poetry''. This research is useful for readers in facilitating understanding of representative speech acts. With the analysis of representative speech acts, it is hoped that readers can fully understand and comprehend representative speech acts. This research is useful for readers in facilitating their understanding of representative speech acts .    

This research aims to examine illocutionary speech acts in the text of the speech "Inauguration of Professor at the Faculty of Engineering, Tarumanagara University by Tri Harso Karyono" . A descriptive qualitative approach with content analysis method was used as the research method . Data collection is carried out by recording and marking important points which will later be used as analysis material . The research results show that in speech texts, speakers use a lot of speech that leads to illocutionary speech acts. Four types of illocutionary speech acts are found in it. Namely assertive or representative, expressive, directive and declarative illocutionary speech acts . In this research, the function or use of illocutionary speech acts and speaker strategies will be described which makes the current research different from previous research . Even though there is already a lot of research out there that examines illocutionary speech acts , the author hopes that the research carried out this time can provide benefits for the development of pragmatics and broaden readers' horizons . Not only that, it is hoped that this study will also provide benefits to the general public and students majoring in Indonesian.    

This study analyzes the textbook "Basic English for Tourism" based on Tomlinson's criteria and Littlejohn's Three Levels of Analysis. The findings show that the textbook fulfills several important criteria for effective language learning, such as providing relevant and practical materials, improving language confidence and fluency, and incorporating various learning methods. The book offers a variety of activities, including dialogs, text analysis, writing tasks and grammar lessons, which suit different learning styles and encourage interactive and communicative language use. Although the absence of pictures may be considered a limitation, the content and overall approach of this textbook make a significant contribution in improving English language skills for students in the tourism industry. Therefore, this study provides valuable insights for practitioners and policy makers in the field of English language education, emphasizing the importance of selecting textbooks that match the practical needs and learning objectives of the students.

Yoghurt drink is a product obtained from fermentation of milk by certain lactic acid bacteria. The aim of this research was to determine how the inoculation time of the indigenous probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum Dad-13 influences the physicochemical and organoleptic properties of functional plain yoghurt probiotic drink products. This research used an experimental method with a completely randomized design with a single factor, 4 treatments and 3 replications. Reaserch data were analyzed using diversity analysis and Duncan's multiple distance test at a significance level of 5% using SPSS and Minitab 17 software. The results showed that the use of probiotic bacteria significantly affected on viscosity, color L*, color a*, color b*,  °HUE, pH, total dissolved solid, and fat content, but did not significantly influenced on protein content. The use of probiotics as a starter in yoghurt drinks increased viscosity, color brightness, pH and fat content, and have a lower total dissolved solid. The best treatment in this study was joint-inoculation who had viscosity 290,67 mPa.s; color L* 89,46; color a* 2,92; color b* 1,61; °HUE 29,47; pH 5,00; total dissolved solid 16,67 °brix; fat content 2,34 %; and protein content 4,12%. For the scoring test, this treatment has a non-sour taste; the aroma is slightly sour; Slightly thick texture and homogeneous consistency. Meanwhile, the hedonic test has a neutral taste, aroma and texture as well as a color, appearance and consistency were quite liked by the panelists.

The development of critical thinking skills in Islamic education is becoming increasingly important in this modern era, where students are expected to be able to analyze, evaluate and create new knowledge. This article explores pedagogical approaches that can be applied to improve critical thinking skills in Islamic education classrooms as well as teachers' perspectives regarding their implementation. Through literature studies and interviews with educators, this research identified a variety of strategies, including problem-based discussions, text analysis, and use of technology. The findings show that developing an interactive and participatory learning environment can help students develop better critical thinking skills. This article emphasizes the importance of training for teachers to support the implementation of these strategies in the context of Islamic education.

This article examines the semantic meaning in the Prajñāpāramitā Hṛdaya Sūtra (Heart Sūtra), one of the important sūtras in the Mahāyāna Buddhist tradition. Using a qualitative approach, this article integrates semantic and hermeneutical theories to understand the structure of meaning, symbolism, and interpretation contained in the text. The analysis focuses on key words such as śūnyatā (emptiness), negation structures, and closing mantras as symbolic forms towards enlightenment. The study employs close reading methodology combined with semantic field theory, polysemy analysis, and apophatic language frameworks. The results show that a semantic approach deepens the understanding of Buddha's teachings and their relevance in spiritual practice. This article also highlights how meaning in the text is not only linguistic, but also existential and contemplative, demonstrating that religious language in Mahāyāna functions as metalanguage pointing beyond conceptual understanding.

Background: Public opinion analysis has become increasingly important in the digital era, where social media platforms generate large-scale textual data reflecting public perceptions toward environmental policies. Advances in Natural language processing (NLP) and machine learning enable systematic sentiment classification to support data-driven decision-making. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of several sentiment classification models in analyzing Indonesian-language social media data related to environmental policies. Method: The research employed a text mining pipeline including data crawling, preprocessing (case folding, tokenization, stopword removal, and stemming), and vectorization using TF-IDF. Three classification models Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) were trained and evaluated using accuracy and F1-score metrics. Results: Experimental findings indicate that LSTM achieved the highest performance with 91.7% accuracy and 91.2% F1-score, outperforming SVM (88.5%) and Logistic Regression (84.2%). Sentiment distribution analysis shows that public opinion is dominated by positive sentiment (47.5%), followed by neutral (32.0%) and negative (20.5%). Overall: The results demonstrate that deep learning-based models provide more robust contextual understanding and more reliable sentiment mapping for environmental policy analysis.

Values of Humanity in the novel “Sang Saudagar” (Genetic Structural Research). Thesis. Jakarta: Master Study Program of Indonesian Education, Post Graduate Study of Muhammadiyah University of Prof. Dr. Hamka Jakarta, 2015. This study aims to find the human values contained in the novel “Sang Saudagar”. To achieve these objectives, this study used theory of text interpretation by the method of content analysis. The technique used in this study is a technique based on the theory of genetic. Research disclosure humanitarian values using qualitative research, the formal text of novel “Sang Saudagar” of Sultan Ali Bumi in the form of words, sentences, and discourse. The results showed that the novel “Sang Saudagar” contains many human values that exemplary by the readers. Human values are: 1) policy, 2) perseverance, 3) compassion, 4) justice, 5) self-control, and 6) quality. Medium of developing human values in the story is through the background story, view of life figuress, the character's mind, character dialogue, action figures and events of the story..    

This journal investigates the rules established to guide obedience in the context of worshiping God, as outlined in Deuteronomy chapters 16:21-22 and 17:1. Through the analysis of these texts, the study aims to understand the role of these rules in shaping the worship of God. The research method involves exploring the historical and religious context in which the rules were revealed. The results of the study highlight the significance of these rules in directing the principles of right worship and deepening spiritual obedience. The practical implications of the findings can provide valuable insights for religious communities seeking to understand and apply moral principles in the context of the worship of God.

The study aims to evaluate the efficacy of the Wordwall application in stimulating reading skills among tenth-grade students at X-10 in SMA 1 Sutojayan. It employs a pre-experimental design with a one-group pre-test and post-test methodology, following a quantitative research framework. The process includes three stages: 1) pre-test, 2) treatment, and 3) post-test. To ensure data reliability, tests were piloted on students with similar proficiency levels. Data collection involved administering tests, and statistical analysis. Results showed a significant improvement in student reading achievement, with scores increasing from 77.24 to 86.24 after implementing the Wordwall application for recount text instruction. The paired sample t-test showed the distinction (p = 0.000), underscoring the Wordwall application's effectiveness in enhancing recount text reading achievement among tenth-grade students at X-10 in SMA Negeri 1 Sutojayan Blitar.

The Teaching Campus embodies part of the educational learning program in basic education units, the Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) activity, which provides students with classroom learning experiences by partnering with educators in learning methods in primary and secondary education units. In other words, the Teaching Campus activities realize the Independent Campus goal by providing opportunities for students to learn and grow through programs outside the classroom. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method. Qualitative research is an analysis carried out to find out and describe existing events and evidence by describing them in the form of data, images and text. Basic education embodies the basic education phase for children aged 6 to 12 years which is developed according to educational units, basic expectations and social culture. Students from Muhammadiyah University and Jember University Jember who are studying for the Class 6 Teaching Campus Program are currently undergoing a number of work programs. One of them is related to literacy and numeracy in the Regional Technical Implementation Unit (UPTD) SDN Menampu 02 education unit.