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This study aims to review in depth various literature related to the development of interactive PowerPoint (PPT)-based learning media in order to improve students' understanding of Civic Education (PKn) subjects at the elementary school level. Innovative and interesting learning media are considered to have an important role in creating a more enjoyable, active, and meaningful learning atmosphere for students. In the literature reviewed, interactive PPT media has been proven to be able to present material visually, audibly, and interactively, thus helping students understand abstract concepts in PKn more concretely. The method used in this study is a literature review of various national and international journals, scientific articles, and relevant research reports in the last five years. The results of the study show that the use of interactive PPT not only increases the attractiveness of learning, but is also able to encourage active student participation, strengthen memory, and build a deeper understanding of national values, democracy, and social responsibility. In addition, the development of this media requires careful planning, starting from the design of the display, the preparation of content that is in accordance with the curriculum, to the integration of interactive elements such as quizzes, animations, and multimedia links. Based on findings from various literature, it can be concluded that interactive PPT media is an effective alternative that can be used by teachers to significantly improve the quality of civics learning in elementary schools.

Game-Based Learning (GBL) has emerged as an innovative learning approach aimed at enhancing student engagement and promoting the development of critical thinking skills, particularly at the elementary school level. This study was conducted at SD Negeri Labuhan 1 using a qualitative approach and a case study method. The primary objective of this research is to analyze the implementation of GBL within the context of elementary education, focusing on students’ and teachers’ needs and interests, the strategies used for implementation, the impact of GBL on students’ critical thinking skills, and the supporting and inhibiting factors affecting its success. The findings indicate that 75% of students expressed a higher preference for game-based learning over conventional teaching methods, showing high levels of enthusiasm and participation during the learning process. GBL proved effective in increasing students' motivation to learn, strengthening collaboration, and stimulating analytical and reflective thinking. However, several challenges were encountered in the implementation of GBL, including limited technological infrastructure in schools and the lack of specialized training for teachers in designing and managing game-based learning activities effectively. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that GBL holds significant potential as a teaching strategy that can foster students’ critical thinking skills from an early age. Nevertheless, to achieve optimal outcomes, strong support from various stakeholders is essential, including the provision of adequate facilities and the enhancement of teachers’ competencies through continuous professional development and training in designing and applying GBL in daily classroom activities.

Today's in digital era, graphic design skills have become one of the essential competencies, especially for students of Vocational High Schools (SMK) who are prepared to enter the workforce. However, challenges such as limited access to professional design software and a lack of adequate training often hinder students' creative development. Therefore, this training program is designed to enhance the graphic design skills of students at SMK Tri Sakti Lubuk Pakam by utilizing Canva. Canva was chosen as the main platform due to its ease of use, availability of various creative features, and accessibility in both free and paid versions. This program implements various methods, including theoretical and practical training, interactive workshops, and evaluation of students' design results. The activities will be conducted in stages, starting with an introduction to basic graphic design, exploring Canva features, and then applying them in creating various design works such as posters, promotional materials, and digital content. It is expected that through this training, students will improve their graphic design skills, making them more prepared to face the creative industry or develop their own business. Additionally, this program also aims to enhance the competitiveness of SMK Tri Sakti Lubuk Pakam graduates in the workforce and foster an innovative and creative culture among students.

Learning problems in schools are often caused by uninteresting methods and media, which reduce students’ interest and learning outcomes. This study aims to determine the effect of using flashcard learning media on students' learning outcomes in Islamic Religious Education (IRE) for fourth-grade students at SD Al-Madina Wonosobo. The research employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design using a nonequivalent control group. The sample consisted of two classes: the experimental class used flashcards, while the control class applied the lecture method. Data were collected through pretests and posttests and analyzed using t-tests and gain tests. The results showed a significant difference in learning outcomes between the two classes, with higher posttest scores and gain values in the experimental class. The use of flashcards effectively enhanced students' understanding of the material, especially memorization topics such as Asmaul Husna, and created a more engaging and interactive learning atmosphere. The implications of this research suggest that visual learning media such as flashcards can be an effective strategy to improve students' learning achievement and motivation in IRE classes, while also encouraging teachers to be more innovative in applying suitable learning media.

Language plays a crucial role in the academic world as a tool for communicating ideas and information systematically. In writing academic texts such as research proposals, the use of proper grammar in accordance with academic conventions is a fundamental aspect that must be considered. Good grammar enhances the readability of a study and clarifies the author’s intentions and objectives. Conversely, grammatical errors may lead to ambiguity, reduce the credibility of the research, and hinder readers’ understanding. This study aims to analyze the grammatical structure of a research proposal titled "Innovative Mirror Neuron Approach Based on Gender for Character Development and Scientific Communication to Support the SDGs in the Era of Society 5.0", focusing on the introductory chapter. Using a qualitative approach with textual analysis, the study examines morphological, syntactic, and discourse-level aspects of the proposal. The findings reveal that while the text generally meets academic writing standards, there are several areas that require improvement, particularly in sentence structure, conjunction usage, clarity of meaning, punctuation, and terminological consistency. This research highlights the importance of grammar mastery in academic writing and offers recommendations to enhance the linguistic quality of research proposals among students.

Technological advances have encouraged innovation in education, including the use of interactive learning media in primary schools aims to enhance student engagement and improve learning outcomes. This study analyzes the impact, challenges, and effectiveness of interactive media through a literature review of relevant scientific journals. The findings reveal that tools such as PowerPoint, educational videos, and Kahoot significantly boost student motivation, facilitate better understanding of concepts, and promote active participation. However, challenges like limited access to technology, teacher preparedness, and varying student competencies must be addressed to maximize the potential of these media in education, among other things, increase interest in learning, facilitate understanding of the material, and encourage active participation of students. They also support independent learning, help students and teachers develop technology skills, and improve information retention, thus creating a more effective, efficient and enjoyable learning experience. However, challenges such as limited access to technology and teachers' lack of skills in operating interactive media are still an obstacle. With good planning and training for educators, interactive learning media can be an innovative solution in creating a more effective, fun and meaningful learning process for students in the digital era

This study aims to analyze the role of environmental education in raising ecological awareness and to identify the supporting and hindering factors in its implementation. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through literature reviews, interviews, and observations at both formal and non-formal educational institutions. The findings indicate that environmental education plays a significant role in shaping environmentally friendly awareness and behavior among learners. It encourages a deeper understanding of ecological issues and fosters a sense of responsibility toward the environment. However, in practice, the implementation of environmental education still faces various challenges. The main obstacles identified include limited resources, a shortage of educators with specific competencies in environmental topics, and a lack of policy support from both government and educational institutions. On the other hand, practice-based learning methods—such as field activities, environmental projects, and collaborations with local communities—have proven more effective in enhancing active participation and engagement among students. The main contribution of this study is to provide insights into optimal strategies for the implementation of environmental education, along with recommendations for policymakers to improve its effectiveness through curriculum strengthening and innovative teaching methods. These findings also serve as a foundation for developing more contextual and applicable learning models. For future research, it is recommended to broaden the scope of the study by examining the effectiveness of environmental education in various socio-economic contexts and exploring the use of digital technologies in environmental learning.

Understanding of Mathematics concepts is an important factor in determining students' learning success. However, the results of observations at SDN 33 Kalumbuk showed that fifth grade students still had difficulty in understanding Mathematics concepts. This can be seen from the low level of learning completion, which was only 36.84% in class VA and 33% in class VB. The low understanding of concepts is caused by the lack of interactive learning methods, so that students get bored easily and are less involved in the learning process. This article discusses the importance of understanding concepts in Mathematics learning and solutions that can be applied to improve student understanding. One of the proposed strategies is the use of the Make a Match learning model, which can increase student engagement and help them understand concepts more concretely and interestingly. In addition, problem-solving approaches, the use of visual media, group discussions, and continuous evaluation can also be applied to improve learning effectiveness. By implementing innovative and interactive learning methods, it is hoped that students' understanding of Mathematics concepts can improve, so that they are better prepared to face academic challenges and are able to apply Mathematics concepts in everyday life.    

This study investigates the use of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) with YouTube media to enhance listening skills and motivation among junior high school students. Conducted at SMP Negeri 3 Gresik, the research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative data. The pre-experimental design assessed students' listening skills before and after a four-week intervention, while questionnaires captured their motivation levels. The findings reveal a significant improvement in students' listening comprehension, as evidenced by an increase in mean test scores from 48.00 in the pre-test to 79.33 in the post-test, with a p-value of 0.000 indicating statistical significance. Additionally, motivation levels improved, with students expressing heightened engagement and interest in the learning process. The integration of authentic and dynamic YouTube content within the PBL framework fostered a more interactive and engaging learning environment, addressing common challenges such as limited motivation and anxiety. The study concludes that the combination of PBL and YouTube media is an effective instructional strategy for enhancing listening skills and motivation in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) contexts. It offers practical insights for educators seeking innovative approaches to language instruction and underscores the importance of integrating technology into active learning methodologies.  

This research focuses on designing the shortest path to a docking station for the charging system of a robotic coffee delivery system on a cruise ship. With the growing demand for more efficient and innovative services in the maritime industry, autonomous robots are increasingly being used for tasks such as delivering coffee to passengers. However, these robots face unique challenges in the confined and dynamic environment of a ship, particularly in terms of power management and recharging. The goal of this research is to create an efficient charging system using a power bank and Internet of Things (IoT) technology to minimize downtime and ensure continuous robot operation with minimal human intervention. By utilizing sensors such as the MPU 6050 for motion detection and the TCS 3200 for color recognition, the robot can autonomously navigate the shortest path to the docking station for charging, while IoT enables real-time battery capacity monitoring. This helps reduce the time spent on non-operational tasks and improves the overall efficiency of the system. This research not only enhances the robot’s ability to operate autonomously in complex environments but also provides a flexible and scalable solution for the maritime industry to integrate advanced robotics into their service operations. The results of this study contribute to the increased adoption of autonomous systems in the maritime sector, particularly in improving service efficiency on board, reducing the need for human intervention, and ensuring smoother service delivery to passengers.

The rapid growth of financial technology (fintech) has significantly transformed the funding landscape for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), offering innovative financial solutions beyond traditional banking institutions. This study presents a bibliometric analysis of fintech’s role in SME financing, identifying emerging trends and research gaps. Utilizing bibliographic coupling and co-occurrence network analysis, data from Scopus were analyzed to uncover the intellectual structure and evolution of research in this field. The results highlight key themes, including the integration of blockchain, peer-to-peer lending, financial inclusion, and crowdfunding in SME financing. A particular focus on Islamic finance and Islamic crowdfunding indicates a growing interest in alternative financing mechanisms that align with Sharia principles. Additionally, the study reveals an increasing academic focus on fintech adoption in developing economies, particularly in Indonesia and Nigeria, where access to capital remains a critical challenge. The findings underscore fintech’s role in democratizing financial access for SMEs, bridging funding gaps, and fostering economic growth. Future research should investigate regulatory frameworks, risk management strategies, and technological adoption models to optimize the impact of fintech on sustainability in SME financing.

This study aims to comprehensively examine the influence of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model integrated with the Internet of Things (IoT) on enhancing students’ problem-solving abilities in physics education. The integration of IoT into PBL is seen as a progressive approach to address the growing demand for innovative instructional strategies that promote higher-order thinking skills. A quantitative approach was adopted, utilizing a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group format to assess the effectiveness of the intervention. The participants were 25 undergraduate physics students from the University of West Sulawesi, selected through saturated sampling due to the limited population size. To evaluate students’ problem-solving skills, data were collected using structured written tests designed around five key indicators: understanding the problem, describing the problem, planning the solution, executing the solution, and evaluating the results. Prior to hypothesis testing, normality of the data was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, followed by paired sample t-tests with IBM SPSS Statistics 23 to determine the significance of differences in pretest and posttest scores. The findings revealed a statistically significant improvement in students’ problem-solving skills following the implementation of the IoT-based PBL model, with results showing significance at the 5% level and gain scores classified as effective. These outcomes demonstrate the potential of the PBL-IoT integration to foster critical thinking and improve educational quality. Therefore, the implementation of this instructional model is recommended for physics educators seeking to enhance student engagement, problem-solving proficiency, and learning outcomes through the integration of emerging technologies.

This study examines the digital literacy of university students in the context of Indonesia's evolving digital landscape. In the era of Industry 4.0 and the emerging Society 5.0, higher education faces the challenge of preparing students not only academically but also as responsible digital citizens. The research explores the level of digital literacy among students, identifies factors contributing to their limited ability to critically evaluate digital information, and proposes strategies to enhance digital skills. Utilizing a quantitative approach with an online questionnaire distributed to students from various higher education institutions, the study assesses competencies in technical usage, information evaluation, and digital ethics. The findings reveal that while a majority of students exhibit basic digital awareness and a tendency to verify information through credible sources, significant gaps remain in their ability to discern misinformation and protect personal data. The study recommends integrating digital literacy into academic curricula, increasing access to reliable digital resources, and conducting regular training workshops. These measures aim to foster a more critical, informed, and digitally secure student body, better equipped to navigate the challenges of the modern information age.

The rapid transformation of technology affects various aspects of life, including education. In elementary school learning, the use of interactive learning media is an innovative solution to improve student understanding. Conventional learning methods such as lectures often get bored quickly, especially if they rely only on textbooks. Therefore, teachers need to utilize technology to create more interesting and interactive media.One effective medium is interactive PowerPoint (PPT), which combines elements of sound, images, video, text, and animation to improve students' comprehension of the subject matter. It also allows for direct feedback, increases student participation, and accelerates concept understanding. In Pancasila and citizenship as a topic Education (PPKn) in elementary school, the use of interactive media has been proven to be able to increase interest in learning and encourage students' critical thinking. This study examines several studies on media efficacy using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) technique. Interactive PPT in learning. The The results of the study indicate that the use ofthis media significantly improves students' understanding of PPKn learning. With a more interesting and interactive approach, students are more motivated to learn and able to understand concepts more deeply. Therefore, the integration of digital media in PPKn learning is an innovative solution in enhancing the caliber of education at the elementary school level

Many students find it difficult to connect abstract mathematical concepts with real-world applications, leading to limited problem-solving and modeling skills. This study aimed to develop a real-world problem-based mathematics module designed to enhance students’ mathematical modeling abilities. Using a Research and Development (R&D) approach with the 4D model Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate the research involved secondary school students enrolled in mathematics classes. The Define stage identified learning difficulties and needs, while the Design and Develop stages focused on creating, validating, and refining a contextual mathematics module based on expert feedback. Quantitative data were collected through expert validation sheets, mathematical modeling tests, and student response questionnaires. The results demonstrated that the developed module achieved a high level of content and design validity, confirming its appropriateness for classroom use. Student responses indicated strong practicality and engagement during implementation. The effectiveness analysis showed a 28% improvement in mathematical modeling skills after the intervention, as evidenced by increased post-test scores and positive student feedback. Compared to traditional textbook-based instruction, the module proved more effective in fostering conceptual understanding, analytical reasoning, and real-world application of mathematics. In conclusion, the developed real-world problem-based module successfully bridges the gap between theoretical mathematics and authentic contexts, providing an innovative framework to cultivate modeling competence and critical thinking among students.

The development of digital technology has brought significant changes to various aspects of life, including the dissemination of Islamic preaching. Social media and digital platforms have become the primary sources for young people to access Islamic information, whether from credible sources or unreliable ones. On one hand, digital preaching presents a great opportunity to convey Islamic teachings in a more creative and innovative way through various platforms such as YouTube, Instagram, TikTok, and podcasts. However, on the other hand, challenges also arise, such as the spread of inaccurate information and difficulties in distinguishing valid sources. This study employs a descriptive qualitative method with a phenomenological approach to understand the experiences of young people in accessing digital preaching and how they maintain their Islamic identity in the digital era. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with Muslim youth who actively engage with digital preaching, as well as literature reviews of various related studies. The findings indicate that digital preaching has a positive impact on enhancing young people’s understanding of Islam, particularly when presented in a manner that aligns with their characteristics. However, challenges remain in filtering accurate information and dealing with the broader influence of the digital world. This article discusses the effectiveness of digital preaching in shaping the Islamic identity of young people, the challenges involved, and the strategies that can be applied to make preaching more relevant and effective in guiding the younger Muslim generation. This study is expected to contribute to the development of more adaptive preaching strategies in the digital era.

Integrated public services in a one-stop service system, such as the one implemented at the Mal Pelayanan Publik (MPP) Badung, serve as an answer to the public's demand for efficient, fast, and transparent bureaucracy. However, in its implementation, MPP still faces various strategic challenges, such as fragmentation between agencies, limited human resources, and suboptimal digital system integration that supports cross-sector services. This study aims to analyze adaptive and collaborative managerial strategies to address these challenges and explore digital innovation opportunities to improve service quality. By using a literature review method from various journals, policy reports, and supporting documents, this study shows that the success of the one-stop service system greatly depends on visionary leadership, synergy between agencies, and adequate technological support. The discussion concludes that flexible, responsive managerial strategies that emphasize cross-agency collaboration can enhance efficiency and user satisfaction. Therefore, updating digital systems, involving the community, and improving human resource capacity are crucial steps in realizing modern and sustainable public services. Another key factor for success is the adoption of innovative digital technologies. By investing in digital infrastructure, MPP can automate many of its processes, reducing paperwork, speeding up response times, and ensuring better coordination between departments. The development of user-friendly platforms and mobile applications will also allow citizens to access services more easily, improving their satisfaction. Additionally, involving the community in the decision-making process through feedback and engagement mechanisms can help identify areas for improvement and tailor services to better meet the public's needs. To ensure long-term success, continuous capacity building for human resources is essential. Well-trained staff, equipped with the skills and knowledge to operate advanced systems, will be able to provide higher-quality services.

The development of digital technology has brought significant changes to learning practices at various levels of education. This situation requires prospective teachers to have technology-based pedagogical competencies to be able to create innovative and interactive learning. Canva and Google Classroom are digital platforms that can be utilized as learning support media because they are easily accessible and have features relevant to educational needs. This article aims to describe the implementation and results of training on the use of Canva and Google Classroom for prospective teachers at STAIN Mandailing Natal. This activity uses a participatory training approach by actively involving prospective teachers. The training was carried out through interactive lectures, demonstrations, hands-on practice, and ongoing mentoring. The material covered technology-based interactive learning, the use of Canva as an educational visual medium, and the use of Google Classroom for digital classroom management. Participants were guided to produce digital teaching materials and virtual classes independently, accompanied by mentoring in overcoming technical and pedagogical obstacles. Evaluation was carried out through active observation, assessment of practical results, and reflection on the training experience. The results of the activity showed an increase in participants' understanding and skills in designing visual learning media and managing digital classrooms effectively. This training made a positive contribution in developing prospective teachers who are adaptive to technological developments and able to implement interactive learning according to the demands of 21st-century education.

This study explores strategies to address students' difficulties in understanding and solving mathematical word problems involving long division in elementary schools. These difficulties can stem from internal factors, such as a lack of conceptual understanding, low motivation, and inaccuracy in solving problems, as well as external factors, such as ineffective teaching methods and minimal use of instructional media. Using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, this research examines previous studies that discuss the causes of learning difficulties and possible solutions. The findings indicate that a contextual approach based on Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) and the use of concrete teaching aids can significantly enhance students' comprehension of long division. This approach helps students connect learning with real-life experiences and visualize mathematical concepts more clearly. Therefore, innovative instructional strategies are essential to improve elementary school students' understanding and numerical skills.

This study aims to comprehensively examine the effectiveness of digital learning media in enhancing students' motivation in the subject of Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) at the elementary school level. Utilizing a qualitative approach based on a literature review, this study analyzes various academic references regarding the use of digital technology in the learning process. The findings indicate that digital media, such as educational videos, interactive simulations, and technology-based applications, significantly contribute to increasing student engagement and learning enthusiasm. The success of digital media in education is supported by several key factors, including active student participation, real-time feedback, and the presentation of materials that are more dynamic, diverse, and responsive to individual student needs. Moreover, digital learning approaches allow for a more flexible, engaging learning process that adapts to students’ learning styles. Thus, based on the conducted analysis, it can be concluded that integrating digital technology into IPAS instruction holds great potential as an innovative pedagogical strategy.