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Land use conversion for vertical hospital development in urban areas represents a strategic response to increasing healthcare demands, particularly in regions with limited land availability. This study aims to analyze the impacts of land use conversion on vertical hospital development in Kelurahan Kota Baru, Abepura District, Jayapura City. The research employs qualitative descriptive methods with spatial analysis and field observations from 2015-2025. Results show significant land conversion from 3.16 hectares (2015) to 0.19 hectares (2025), with wetland areas (58.31%) being the most affected. The study reveals positive impacts including improved healthcare access and local economic growth, alongside negative impacts such as reduced green open spaces and environmental pressure. The findings contribute to sustainable urban planning strategies for healthcare infrastructure development in Papua.

Cleanliness is a fundamental aspect of life that plays an important role in maintaining the health of individuals and society. The concept of cleanliness covers various aspects, starting from personal cleanliness, the environment, to the cleanliness of the residence. Research shows that good hygiene can prevent the spread of disease, improve quality of life, and create a comfortable and productive environment. However, challenges in maintaining cleanliness include lack of public awareness, limited access to sanitation facilities, and poor waste management. Therefore, collaborative efforts are needed from individuals, communities and governments to increase awareness of the importance of cleanliness through education, health campaigns and the provision of adequate facilities. By maintaining cleanliness, it is hoped that a healthier, more prosperous and sustainable life will be created.

This research discusses the process of relocating residents from informal settlements under the Pasopati Bridge to Simple Rental Flats (Rusunawa) in Solokan Jeruk, Bandung Regency. This relocation is a policy of the Bandung City Government and West Java Provincial Government to organize extreme slum areas and provide adequate housing for low-income people. Using a qualitative approach and literature study, this research analyzes the mechanisms for implementing relocation, the actors involved, and the social and economic impacts experienced by residents after relocation. The research results show that although relocation provides access to more adequate housing and basic facilities, residents face serious challenges in terms of social adaptation, loss of community networks, increased economic burden, and loss of old sources of livelihood. Relocation also causes psychosocial pressure and shifts in the structure of social interactions due to changes in the physical environment and social norms in the flat. This study emphasizes the importance of a participatory approach and comprehensive post-relocation interventions, including economic, social and psychological support, so that relocation is not just a physical transfer, but also a sustainable life transformation for affected residents.

This study uses a qualitative method to analyze the impact of green fiscal policy on sustainable investment in Indonesia from a public economics perspective. The focus of this research is on how fiscal instruments such as tax incentives, environmentally friendly subsidies, and government spending are directed to support economic growth while preserving environmental sustainability. In the context of Indonesia, which is facing challenges such as climate change and natural resource degradation, green fiscal policy has become a crucial strategy for achieving sustainable development. The study finds that well-implemented green fiscal policies can encourage investment in sustainable sectors such as renewable energy, eco-friendly agriculture, and green transportation. However, the success of these policies is highly dependent on inter-institutional synergy, data-based fiscal planning, and consistent regulatory support. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to the strengthening of Indonesia’s green fiscal policy design, which can better promote environmental protection and positively impact the long-term economy. Therefore, strong government commitment is required to position fiscal policy as a primary instrument in the transition toward a green economy.  

Energy efficiency in air conditioning systems is a critical factor in reducing energy consumption and environmental impact. This study aims to analyze the energy performance of an air conditioning system using the thermodynamic cycle method. The analysis focuses on the refrigeration cycle, particularly the vapor compression cycle commonly used in residential and commercial systems. Key parameters such as coefficient of performance (COP), refrigerant flow rate, and enthalpy at each cycle point were examined to determine overall efficiency. Data were collected through simulations and experimental measurements under standard operating conditions. The results show that optimizing system components, especially the compressor and expansion valve, can significantly improve energy efficiency. The COP increased by 12% when a high-efficiency compressor was utilized. In addition, the selection of eco-friendly refrigerants contributed to better thermal performance and reduced environmental risks. This research highlights the importance of thermodynamic analysis in designing and improving air conditioning systems for sustainable energy usage. Future studies are recommended to incorporate real-time monitoring and adaptive control systems to further enhance system performance and energy savings.

According to a UNESCO report, more than 80% of industrial wastewater containing hazardous substances is discharged without treatment. This research aims to understand the implementation of Permen LHK Number 6 of 2021 in the management of hazardous waste at PT Bina Guna Kimia and the role of the Semarang Regency Environmental Agency (DLH). The research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with empirical juridical methods. Data were obtained through observation, interviews, documentation, and literature studies, and validated by source triangulation and analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that PT Bina Guna Kimia has implemented Permen LHK No. 6 of 2021 well, although there are still challenges such as the lack of understanding of employees about waste classification. The B3 waste management system in this company is quite effective with strict procedures in identification, storage, transportation, recording through logbooks, and real-time monitoring through the SIMPEL application. The company also regularly conducts training and works with certified vendors. DLH Semarang Regency plays an active role through supervision, socialization, compliance audits, coaching, and education to businesses to increase environmental awareness and compliance. This study suggests that DLH and PT Bina Guna Kimia improve education and training programs, and encourage industry players to seek alternative funding for the implementation of environmentally friendly technology. In addition, collaboration between stakeholders needs to be improved to create effective and sustainable hazardous waste management.

This community service program aimed to explore and strengthen the role of local communities in preserving the natural tourism site known as "Pohon Sejuta Umat" in Banda District, Central Maluku. This site holds ecological, cultural, and spiritual value, making community involvement vital for its sustainability. The program employed participatory methods including observations, interviews, focus group discussions, and training workshops with community members, traditional leaders, and the local tourism awareness group (Pokdarwis). The findings reveal strong community commitment in conserving the area through regular clean-ups, informational signage based on local wisdom, and collaborative patrols. Capacity-building sessions enhanced community understanding of environmental conservation and introduced digital strategies to promote the site. This initiative underscores the importance of integrating local knowledge and participatory approaches in sustainable tourism development. Empowering local communities ensures that conservation efforts align with both environmental goals and socio-economic benefits.

The increasing international awareness of environmental issues has had a significant impact on business orientation in various sectors, including micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). In the fashion industry, MSMEs are not only required to create innovations in product design and quality, but are also directed to adopt environmentally friendly practices that support sustainability throughout their business processes, from production to marketing. This study aims to examine in depth how the integration of green business strategies and sustainable marketing contributes to increasing the competitive advantage of fashion MSMEs in Banyumas Regency, Indonesia. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method involving 100 fashion MSME respondents selected based on relevant criteria. Data processing was carried out through multiple linear regression analysis accompanied by classical assumption tests with the help of SPSS software, so that the research results have a strong empirical basis. The research findings indicate a positive and significant influence, both partially and simultaneously, between the implementation of green business strategies and sustainable marketing on achieving competitive advantage. The coefficient of determination (R²) value of 0.52 indicates that the two independent variables are able to explain more than half of the variation in competitive advantage possessed by MSMEs. The implications of these results confirm that the success of MSMEs no longer depends solely on product innovation, but also on the ability to integrate sustainability aspects into internal practices and external strategies. This research enriches the literature on sustainable management, particularly in the context of MSMEs in non-urban areas, while also providing practical input for the formulation of business assistance policies that are adaptive to market dynamics and increasingly complex environmental challenges. This research provides theoretical contributions to the literature on sustainable management in the context of MSMEs in non-urban areas, as well as practical implications for the development of business assistance policies that are more adaptive to environmental challenges.

This study explores the transformative potential of sustainable business models (SBMs) in driving social and environmental value creation across industries. Employing a mixed-method approach, the research integrates qualitative interviews with 30 key informants and quantitative analysis of industry-specific data to provide comprehensive insights. The findings reveal that implementing SBMs leads to significant reductions in carbon emissions, improved resource efficiency, and enhanced stakeholder engagement. Key enablers include the adoption of circular economy principles and collaborative stakeholder strategies, while challenges such as regulatory inconsistencies and high initial investment costs persist. The results align with theoretical frameworks like the Triple Bottom Line and Resource-Based View, emphasizing the need for balanced economic, social, and environmental outcomes. This study concludes by offering actionable recommendations for policymakers and business leaders, including fostering inclusivity, enhancing policy clarity, and promoting innovation to overcome barriers. The findings contribute to advancing knowledge on sustainable practices and supporting global sustainability initiatives.

The Sewu Sambang Tourism Area is located in Banyuwangi Regency, East Java Province. This area has a unique culture and natural beauty that is very interesting to visit. Therefore, the design of this tourist area was carried out using a sustainable design approach. The design was carried out by considering aspects of ecological, social and economic sustainability. Ecological aspects are taken into account by selecting environmentally friendly building materials, good waste management and the use of renewable energy. Social aspects are taken into account by involving local communities in managing tourist areas and paying attention to local wisdom in design. The economic aspect is considered by building small and medium businesses that support tourist areas, so that they can increase the income of the surrounding community. The design of this tourist area involves sustainable land use, so that it does not damage the surrounding environment. The land used to build tourist attractions such as buildings, parks and parking lots is also adapted to the surrounding environmental conditions, so that it does not disturb the life of local flora and fauna. Apart from that, the use of renewable energy such as solar panels is also carried out to meet electricity needs in tourist areas. The design of this tourist area also pays attention to local wisdom by using building materials and furniture produced by local craftsmen. Apart from that, local wisdom is also demonstrated through art and cultural exhibitions, as well as the use of regional specialties. By designing a sustainable Sewu Sambang tourist area, it is hoped that it can improve the quality of life of the surrounding community, increase community income, and preserve local culture and environment.

The tourism industry is a very important part of the development of society in this modern era. Aceh Singkil Regency with its natural potential offers destinations such as Cemara Indah Beach. Even though it suffered damage due to abrasion, the government and society are trying to restore it. It is necessary to implement Sapta Pesona to increase tourist visits. This research aims to evaluate the application of Sapta Pesona at Cemara Indah Beach, providing theoretical and practical benefits as a reference with the hope of developing tourist attractions and community participation in the tourism industry. The research method used by researchers is qualitative research with a descriptive approach through in-depth interview techniques with informants. This research was carried out by collecting data from informants, namely tourism managers, tourists, business actors and village governments. This research shows that the integration of the Sapta Pesona concept into the Cemara Indah Beach tourist attraction has had a significant positive impact. Security and other elements of Sapta Pesona are effective in increasing the attractiveness of the destination. Further development recommendations are needed to ensure sustainable growth, attract more visitors and have a positive impact on the local economy. In conclusion, the implementation of Sapta Pesona at Cemara Indah Beach shows the management's commitment to improving the quality of the destination. Although efforts have been made to create a safe and clean environment, several obstacles such as local community involvement, changes in tourist behavior, infrastructure, and economic factors still need to be overcome. Suggestions involve educational campaigns, community participation, infrastructure improvements, collaboration with the private sector, sustainable economic initiatives, security technology, and improving service quality. With these steps, Cemara Indah Beach has the potential to become an attractive and sustainable tourist destination.    

The external environment consists of various factors outside the organization that influence performance and the strategic decision-making process. These factors include economic, social, political, legal, technological and competitive aspects that continue to develop. Therefore, organizations need to analyze and understand the external environment in order to recognize opportunities that can be utilized and anticipate potential threats. Through a comprehensive analysis, organizations can formulate flexible and responsive strategies so that they are able to maintain sustainability and increase competitiveness in a changing market. This study aims to first certainly explain the concept of external environmental analysis, second to explain macro environmental factors through the PESTEL approach, third to explain the analysis of the industrial environment that includes aspects of competition and market power, fourth to compile an industrial competition profile through identifying competitor and market strengths, and fifth to predict business environmental conditions that can affect organizational strategy. The method used is a literature study with a qualitative descriptive approach. The results of the discussion show that external environmental analysis makes an important contribution to the preparation of adaptive, innovative, and sustainable business strategies.

The development of mangrove ecotourism in the Wonorejo area of Surabaya represents an effort to preserve the environment while simultaneously empowering the local economy. This study aims to analyze the implementation of mangrove ecotourism development through active participation of the Wonorejo village community. A qualitative research approach was employed, utilizing data collection techniques such as observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results indicate that community participation is evident in various aspects, including ecotourism management, tourism service provision, and environmental education. However, the development process still faces several challenges, such as limited infrastructure access, funding constraints, and the need to enhance human resource capacity. Therefore, collaboration between the government, local communities, and private stakeholders is essential to establish a sustainable ecotourism ecosystem that provides balanced economic, social, and ecological benefits.

Pancasila as a state ideology has a fundamental role in shaping the character of students as agents of change in society. This research aims to examine the application of Pancasila values in campus life and its impact on the formation of student character. The method used is literature study, by collecting and analyzing relevant literature, such as books, journals, articles, and documents related to Pancasila and higher education. The results of the study show that the application of the principles of equality, justice, and respect for diversity in the campus environment creates an inclusive and supportive atmosphere, encouraging students to respect differences, work together, and actively participate in decision-making. The values of cooperation, democracy, and appreciation for diversity are the basis for students to contribute to social development. In conclusion, strengthening the Pancasila ideology on campus not only strengthens the character of students, but also encourages them to play an active role in sustainable development and social change, while maintaining Indonesian national identity.

The socialization of environmental ethics and environmental health awareness in children is a strategic step in forming a generation that cares, is responsible, and oriented towards the sustainability of natural resources. Children, as a growing age group, have great potential to internalize environmental values and apply them consistently into adulthood. This socialization activity was carried out in the elementary school environment with an interactive lecture and group discussion approach, designed to encourage active participation and deep understanding. The main goal of the activity is to increase children's environmental literacy, including understanding the importance of maintaining cleanliness, managing waste, avoiding pollution, and maintaining the health of the surrounding environment. The results of the evaluation showed a significant increase in students' knowledge about environmental and health issues, as well as a positive attitude towards environmentally friendly practices. Students show high enthusiasm during the activity, which is reflected in active involvement in discussions and commitment to implementing behaviors that support environmental sustainability. This socialization has proven to be effective in fostering environmental awareness and ethics from an early age, which is an important foundation for sustainable development. By equipping children with environmental knowledge and values, it is hoped that they can become agents of change in their respective communities. This kind of activity needs to be carried out continuously and integrated into the basic education curriculum, so that the impact can be wider and more sustainable. School-based socialization is a relevant and strategic approach in shaping a culture of environmental care in the future.

The socialization of environmental ethics and environmental health awareness in children is a strategic step in forming a generation that cares, is responsible, and oriented towards the sustainability of natural resources. Children, as a growing age group, have great potential to internalize environmental values and apply them consistently into adulthood. This socialization activity was carried out in the elementary school environment with an interactive lecture and group discussion approach, designed to encourage active participation and deep understanding. The main goal of the activity is to increase children's environmental literacy, including understanding the importance of maintaining cleanliness, managing waste, avoiding pollution, and maintaining the health of the surrounding environment. The results of the evaluation showed a significant increase in students' knowledge about environmental and health issues, as well as a positive attitude towards environmentally friendly practices. Students show high enthusiasm during the activity, which is reflected in active involvement in discussions and commitment to implementing behaviors that support environmental sustainability. This socialization has proven to be effective in fostering environmental awareness and ethics from an early age, which is an important foundation for sustainable development. By equipping children with environmental knowledge and values, it is hoped that they can become agents of change in their respective communities. This kind of activity needs to be carried out continuously and integrated into the basic education curriculum, so that the impact can be wider and more sustainable. School-based socialization is a relevant and strategic approach in shaping a culture of environmental care in the future.

This study explores the dual impact of artisanal gold mining on economic livelihood and environmental sustainability in Tedeboe Village, Rampi District, North Luwu Regency. Employing a qualitative case study design, data were gathered through in-depth interviews with four key informants—including the village head and three local miners—and through direct field observation. Data were analyzed using Creswell’s qualitative analysis framework, encompassing coding and thematic development to capture nuanced insights. The findings indicate that artisanal gold mining has significantly improved household income, especially in meeting basic needs and funding education. However, the sector’s informal nature and high dependency expose the community to economic volatility. Moreover, despite limited use of chemicals, awareness of mercury’s environmental and health risks is rising among miners. Environmental degradation, particularly soil and water pollution, alongside potential respiratory hazards, emerges as a critical concern. The study underscores the urgent need for sustainable mining practices, stronger local regulation, and capacity-building through education and economic diversification. These findings advocate for a balanced approach to rural development—one that harmonizes economic benefits with ecological resilience and community well-being.

Mangrove ecosystems play a vital role in maintaining coastal environmental balance, providing habitats for various species, and supporting local livelihoods. In Gorontalo Province, the utilization of mangrove ecosystems faces significant challenges between conservation and sustainable exploitation. This study aims to review scientific literature discussing the use, degradation, and conservation efforts of mangroves in the region. The research method employed is a literature review analyzing 10 primary sources, including journals and books published within the last decade. The findings indicate that mangrove degradation in Gorontalo is caused by land conversion, overexploitation of resources, and weak local governance and regulations. On the other hand, there are promising initiatives such as ecotourism development and community-based management approaches that show potential for ensuring ecosystem sustainability. This study concludes that mangrove management strategies in Gorontalo must strengthen community participation, cross-sector integration, and adaptive policy approaches based on local conditions. Recommendations include improving institutional capacity and developing holistic policies that balance ecological and economic aspects.

Jamalsari Village has rich local potentials, including natural tourism, agriculture, and traditional culture. Unfortunately, these potentials have not been optimally managed, and as a result, they have not significantly contributed to the community’s welfare. In response to this issue, a community service program was conducted with the goal of empowering the residents in developing tourism and creative economies based on local potentials. The approach used was participatory, where the community was actively involved in every stage of the activity, from identifying potentials and problems to training, mentoring, and evaluating the outcomes. Key activities in this program included training local tour guides to enhance residents' capacity in welcoming tourists, homestay management training as a form of community-based accommodation, and training on processing local products such as cassava chips and opak (crispy rice cakes). In addition, the community was encouraged to utilize social media as a promotional tool for products and tourist destinations. The results of these activities showed an increase in the community’s capacity and awareness in managing the village’s potential. The establishment of the Tourism Awareness Group (Pokdarwis) became one of the success indicators, where this group actively managed tourism activities independently. Furthermore, several prototypes of creative economy products have been successfully produced and widely recognized through digital promotion. This program successfully encouraged active participation from the community in promoting and managing the village as a local wisdom-based tourist destination. The success of this initiative shows that community empowerment oriented towards local potential can be an effective and sustainable approach, with the potential to serve as a replicable model for other villages with similar characteristics. Additionally, with this program, the community began to have a better understanding of the importance of environmental sustainability and cultural preservation in tourism development. This program also opened new opportunities for improving the residents’ economy, creating jobs, and reducing dependence on less sustainable economic sectors.

Indonesia is one of the countries with the highest levels of biodiversity in the world and possesses vast tropical forest areas that play a crucial role in maintaining the stability of global ecosystems. However, in recent decades, Indonesia’s forests have faced significant pressures due to deforestation and environmental degradation, which have broad impacts on ecological functions, climate balance, and the socio-economic lives of communities. This study aims to examine the role of biodiversity and ecological adaptation mechanisms in maintaining the stability of Indonesia’s forest ecosystems through a literature review approach. The findings show that deforestation directly affects biodiversity decline, habitat fragmentation, disruption of hydrological systems, increased erosion, and carbon emissions. Additionally, illegal activities such as logging and mining exacerbate environmental degradation. Biodiversity is proven to be an important factor in enhancing ecosystem resilience to disturbances, including climate change. Adaptation mechanisms such as the presence of bioindicator species, the formation of ecological corridors, and community participation in conservation can strengthen ecological resilience. Rehabilitation of degraded areas and the implementation of sustainable governance policies are necessary to restore the ecological functions of forests. This study emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary and collaborative approach in conservation strategies, supported by strong scientific, social, and institutional frameworks to ensure the sustainability of Indonesia’s forest ecosystems in the future.