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This study aims to describe students' learning barriers in solving SPLDV questions based on problem solving abilities. This research uses descriptive qualitative research, and the sampling technique uses purposive sampling technique. This research was conducted at Sungai Kakap 1 Public Middle School, the data used were the results of researchers to clarify students' obstacles in answering questions based on problem-solving abilities with data sources, namely class VIII students of SMP 1 Sungai Kakap. Data collection techniques used measurement techniques, direct communication techniques and indirect communication techniques with data collection tools in the form of test questions, interview guides and documentation. The data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. In this study it was concluded that the students' barriers in the high group were wrong in determining the formula and wrong in the concept of completion, the students' barriers in the medium group were wrong in determining the formula, discrepancies in using the formula to answer a problem and did not re-examine the answers, and student barriers in the low group were unable to determine the formula and solve the problem on the question then also did not re-check the answer after completing the given question.    

Students' lack of a disaster response mindset is both a problem and a challenge that must be addressed in science education. Based on the MIKiR approach, which is linked with natural disaster prevention, the goal of this study is to define the features of science Subject-Specific Pedagogy. This study involves both research and development (R&D). The research procedure follows the Borg & Gall development model, which involves five main steps: (1) analyzing the product to be developed; (2) developing the initial product; (3) expert validation and revision; (4) small-scale field testing and revisions; and (5) large-scale field testing and final products. A validation sheet with a Likert scale in the form of a checklist serves as the research instrument. According to the study's findings, the quality of the developed Subject-Specific Pedagogy is listed in the good category, with an optimum proportion of 84.33 percent. The findings of the study on product quality could be used as one of the science learning aids in SMP/MTs class IX semester 2.

The background of this research is that not all students can understand this problem-based learning, and also not all students are able to think actively in solving problems that occur. Students are less enthusiastic in participating in learning and students who play around or don't focus on learning. From the problems that exist, the researcher is interested in studying the application of problem-based learning in Islamic Religious Education Class X at SMAN 1 Kapur IX District and its inhibiting factors. This study aims to find out how the application of this problem-based learning strategy and its inhibiting factors. This type of research is a descriptive qualitative research that describes problem-based learning strategies in Islamic Religious Education Class X at SMAN 1 Kapur IX District. In collecting data researchers used observation techniques, interviews and documentation. Meanwhile, to analyze it, the researcher uses data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. Based on the results of the research conducted, the authors found that Islamic Religious Education teachers apply problem-based learning strategies starting from teacher planning in preparing lessons by making lesson plans which serve as teacher guidelines in teaching and learning activities carried out in the classroom. The application of problem-based learning strategies is carried out through three activities, namely preliminary activities, core activities and closing activities. The activity starts from the teacher entering the class by greeting, conditioning the class and then praying together after that the teacher explains the indicators and learning objectives. The core activities of student learning are given related to learning problems then students will observe and find solutions to the problems that occur. Closing activities at the end with the teacher and concluding student lessons, giving assignments and praying together. The inhibiting factors found were time allocation, students who were less able to solve problems that occurred and students playing games during learning.

This study aims to improve students' mathematical problem-solving skills through the Missouri Mathematics Project (MMP) model on the material of a Linear Two Variable System in grade VIII-6 students of SMP N 4 Medan as a subject or this research. The type of this research is classroom action research. The instrument used the collect the data are essay test and observation sheet. Before giving the action in initial test to 32 students obtained the average score is 50.46 with the classical completeness is 34.37% or only 11 students achieve the completeness criteria. The completeness criteria is the standard point that must be reached by students namely at least 65 and classical completeness is the standard percentage that must be reached by the class namely at least 85%. After given the action in the first cycle namely the implementation of MMP learning model to 32 students, obtained the average score is 63.9844 with the classical completeness 50% or 16 students achieve the completeness criteria. Then given the second cycle namely increasing MMP learning model, obtained the average score is 82.11 with the classical completeness 93.75%. Based on the observation done by teacher obtained that the point of second cycle is higher than the point of first cycle. Based on the average gain score, obtained that the average gain score in Cycle I test-Cycle II test is higher than Initial Test-Cycle I Test. From the result of research, can be concluded that the mathematical problem-solving ability of students can be increased or improved especially on the topic of Linear System with Two Variable by using Missouri Mathematics Project Learning Model

The purpose of this paper is to (1) describe the concepts of literacy in elementary schools, (2) describe the implementation of literacy activities in elementary schools, (3) describe the problems of literacy movement in the field in elementary schools. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach. The method used in this research is literature review and observation. The results showed that literacy activities at SD Negeri 2 Palangka were implemented in three stages, namely the habituation stage, the development stage and the learning stage. However, the implementation of the literacy movement program in schools, especially in SD Negeri 2 Palangka, is not free from various problems. Based on observations, these problems come from 2 factors, that is called internal factors and external factors. The internal factors that cause problems in the literacy movement in SD Negeri 2 Palangka include the readiness of students, infrastructure and availability of funds. Meanwhile, the external factors that cause problems in literacy movement activities in SD Negeri 2 Palangka include community support and government support.

Critical thinking is a process of solving problems based on good judgment and experiences that are by facts. A thought process of solving problems in learning is said to be achieved and can improve critical thinking skills in solving problems during the learning process if the implementation is student-centered. To improve critical thinking skills, improve the quality of education, and produce quality learning outcomes, the government made a breakthrough by holding the School Literacy Movement (GLS) program. Namely a mass movement to foster a love of literacy to meet the need for information and reading for this nation's generation. Literacy is the ability of individuals to read, write, speak, calculate and solve problems at the level of expertise required in work, family, and society. Good literacy and followed up by giving assignments or recitations, can hone skills to make students able to think critically, creatively, innovatively and develop student character.

This research aims to describe the analysis result of the use of learning media in the Problem Based Learning model. The methods used in this research is literature study of 6 sources consists of 3 thesis and 3 journals discuss the use of learning media in the Problem Based Learning model in Indonesia published in the span of 2016-2022. From the calculation of the effect size, the average value is 0.79 which is categorized in the medium category. This shows that the use of learning media with Problem Based Learning in mathematics learning had a positive effect on improving the mathematical ability of students and the effect obtained is in the medium category. The mathematical ability could be improved based on the literature study such as student’s mathematical connection ability, student’s mathematical problem soving ability dan student’s mathematical numeracy literacy ability. The type of learning media according this research are animation, geogebra, microsoft power point, fun math book, cabri 3D v2 dan youtube. Hope for further research can be analyzed more deeply by using more sources so the result will be more maximal and varied.

This research was conducted based on the problems found in the learning process about vocabulary. To understand language well, speak better, or good writing requires a good vocabulary to be successful in any of these areas. Teachers must be good at choosing methods or techniques in learning to be used in teaching, not all methods or techniques can be used, because learning methods are real forms in the form of steps for implementing a lesson in order to achieve learning goals. In this research to teach vocabulary, the researcher choose to use a game. Game is an activity that can help the process of learning and creating students are more active in learning because they feel happy and relaxed in learning. The purpose of this research is to find out whether the Simon Says game is effective or not for use in learning, especially vocabulary. Because what we are going to examine now is the effectiveness of the Simon Says game in increasing student vocabulary. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research. Which aims to describe or give an idea of how effective the Simon Says game is for students vocabulary in learning process. The researcher gave vocabulary from descriptive text material and asked students to memorize it. Then the vocabulary will be played in the Simon Says game. The results of this study indicate that the Simon Says game is very effective for teaching vocabulary. Because judging from the many changes after several meetings with students and playing this Simon Says game for learning.

This study aims to obtain teaching materials based on a valid, practical, and effective realistic mathematical approach, so as to improve students' mathematical reasoning abilities on the material of a three-variable linear equation system. The research instruments used were questionnaire validation sheets, lesson plans validation sheets, teaching material validation sheets, test instrument validation sheets, mathematical reasoning ability tests, and teacher and student response questionnaires to teaching materials. After all instruments, lesson plans, and teaching materials were declared valid by the validator, then readability tests and field trials were carried out. The results showed that: (1) the teaching materials based on the realistic mathematical approach developed had met the criteria of validity based on the validator's assessment with the average validity of the teaching materials for the material being 3.13 and 3.29 for media with a very feasible category; (2) the teaching materials based on the realistic mathematical approach that have been developed have met the practicality criteria through: a) the results of the questionnaire student responses to teaching materials show the percentage of practicality of 81.19% with a very practical category, b) the results of the questionnaire responses of teachers to teaching materials show the percentage of practicality 88.75% with very practical category; (3) The teaching materials based on the realistic mathematics approach developed meet the effective criteria with: a) classical student learning mastery of 88%, b) more than 65% of students have achieved 75% of learning objectives for each indicator, c) increased mathematical reasoning ability students after using teaching materials seen through the average score of students increased from 50 in the pretest to 85.33 in the posttest and the results of the N-Gain analysis which showed students' mathematical problem solving abilities increased by 0.712, meaning in the high category.

This study discusses the application of the Mind Mapping method to PAI learning at SMK Karya Guna 1 Bekasi. The purpose of this study was to find out whether the application of the Mind Mapping method in PAI learning at SMK Karya Guna 1 Bekasi in Class XI was successful or not. The purpose of this research is to prove that by applying the Mind Mapping method to pie learning in schools. By applying the Mind Mapping method it can stimulate students to be active in class, and be able to discuss with peers, and also be able to solve problems by discussing. In this study it can be proven that one of the ways to arouse student activity is to use the Mind Mapping method in teaching PAI at school. Based on the results of this study, it can be seen that applying the Mind Mapping method to PAI learning at SMK Karya Guna 1 Bekasi is well implemented. This can be proven by the application of the Mind Mapping method to PAI learning at SMK Karya Guna 1 Bekasi. Using this method can produce active and critical students in dealing with problems, as well as being able to discuss and respect friends' opinions when discussing, increasing the level of independence in learning. Not only using the discussion method, the teacher must also provide motivation in learning so that students can learn optimally.

Based on observations made at SMA Negeri 1 Gunuang Omeh District, the problem found was the low interest in learning of students in PAI and BP subjects due to the large number of students who did not pay attention to the teacher's explanation, and the lack of use of learning models and media used in learning , one of which is the Problem Based Learning learning model. The role of the learning model is very important, because using visual media will be able to influence students' learning interests. The purpose of this study was to find out the use of the Problem Based Learning learning model in increasing students' learning interest in PAI and BP subjects on Da'wah Strategy and Islamic Development in Indonesia Class XII.MIPA at SMA Negeri 1 Gunuang Omeh District. This type of research is Classroom Action Research (PTK). The process of implementing PTK has four main components, namely planning, action, observation and reflection carried out in 3 cycles. The results of data analysis obtained the percentage of students' learning interest using the Problem Based Learning learning model of 44.83% in cycle I. The process of applying the Problem Based Learning learning model in PAI and BP learning increased in cycle II by 65.52% and 79.31 % in cycle III. So it can be concluded that the implementation of PAI and BP learning by using the Problem Based Learning learning model can increase students' learning interest.

This study aims to find out whether there is an influence of the Problem Based Learning-Computational Thinking (PBL-CT) model on analytical thinking skills in terms of students' interest in Natural Sciences subjects. This research was conducted at the Kalam Kudus Christian Middle School in Malang in the 2022/2023 academic year. The design used in this study was a non-equivalent group design quasi-experiment. Retrieval of data using ten essay questions which are made according to indicators of analytical thinking ability and students' interest in science is measured by using a questionnaire.  Data analysis was carried out by the Two Way Anova parametric test. Based on the results of the analysis carried out, the results were obtained: (1) there were differences in analytical thinking skills between students who were taught using the Problem Based Learning and Problem Based Learning - Computational Thinking (PBL-CT) learning models with a significance <0.05. (2) there is no difference in the ability to think analytically between students who have a high, medium, and low interest in learning science as shown by a significance value of 0.748 > 0.05. (3) there is an interaction between Problem Based Learning - Computational Thinking (PBL-CT) on students' analytical thinking skills in terms of students' interest in natural science subjects with a significance value of <0.05

Educational game is a game which is specifically designed as a tool to accomplish educational needs. Therefore, it has to be projected in an exact precision to achieve its goal: educating, and increasing the user knowledge and skills. There are some problems which frequently happened at TK Kemala Bhayangkari 31 Salatiga, firstly, the number of props of traffic signs is limited so it is not proportional to the number of meetings in the existing curriculum and students must repeat the same material. Secondly, there isn’t suitable learning support media to add props to traffic signs that are still lacking. The software used in this game development was Adobe Flash CS6. The research was conducted through R&D; Research and Development method by processed through some stages. First, problem identification stage, then, data collection, product design, design validation, design revision, and the final step was the product trials. The validation was carried out by the expert validators and product user. Based on the research conducted, it concluded that this game has 43 signs which fulfill the number of signs that must be taught to students according to the curriculum at TK Kemala Bhayangkari 31 Salatiga, 18% which is most often found on the road from the total number of traffic signs in the Minister of Transportation Regulation No. 13 years 2014.  

The country of Indonesia is currently undergoing rapid changes, namely the Covid-19 virus. The changes that occur are certainly very influential on the order of life, especially technology among the world of education. The educational environment has changed, where previously the learning process was carried out face-to-face, but now uses online learning media. Schools are one of the main factors in shaping the character of students, so that they can support the good use of technology, which is called digital citizenship. But in reality today, the reason is partly the lack of bad attitudes in the use of technology by students. The problem that will be discussed in this study is how the influence of online learning media in strengthening the Digital Citizenship attitude of students in Civics subjects. The research method used is a descriptive method with a quantitative approach. The data collection technique used the main technique, namely a questionnaire. The data analysis tool in this study uses SPSS version 20. Based on the results of the research conducted, it shows that there is an influence of online learning media in strengthening students' digital citizenship attitudes in Civics subjects with a large percentage of the effect, which is 56,5%.   Keywords: Online Learning Media, Digital Citizenship, and Students

This research aims to improve student learning outcomes in class I at SD Cordova Indonesia through the application of the trade a problem learning model assisted by concrete media. The problem in this research is the low mathematics ability of students in class I at SD Cordova Indonesia. The method used in this research is the classroom action research method (PTK). The subjects in this research were all 27 class I students at SD Cordova Indonesia. The indicator of success in implementing the action is that students achieve a minimum of 70% completeness with an average learning outcome score of at least 70 from the total number of students. Based on data processing from research results, the average value of student learning outcomes in the pre-cycle was 54.44, then after the first cycle actions were carried out it increased to 63.70. The first cycle action was then continued to the second cycle action and obtained an average score of 71.85 with student completion reaching 74.10% of the total students who took the learning outcomes test. Based on the results in cycle II, it shows that the application of the trade a problem learning model assisted by concrete media is effective in improving students' mathematics learning outcomes in class I at SD Cordova Indonesia.

The purpose of this study was to develop a valid, practical and effective E-Book learning media of E-Flip PDF with Guided Self-Learning on student learning outcomes on matrix material in class XI of SMA Negeri 1 Nanga Mahap. The method used is a 4D research method which is limited to Define, Design and Develo. The subjects in this study were 29 students of class XI SMA Negeri 1 Nanga Mahap, 3 material and media experts. The instruments used in this research are in the form of material expert validation sheets and media expert validation sheets, teacher response questionnaires, student response questionnaires and posttest questions based on the results of research that have been carried out, the results of the validation of the E-Book learning media are E-Flip PDF with Independent Learning. Supervised has a level of validity of 93.66% with very valid criteria, the level of practicality of learning media is 89.93% with very practical criteria and the effectiveness level of learning media is 82.75% with very effective criteria.    

This study aims to determine the effect of a combination of Discovery Learning and Problem Based Learning on the problem solving abilities of class X students at SMA Negeri 9 Malang. The method used in this research is quasi-experimental with a quantitative approach. Data collection techniques used were interviews, problem-solving ability tests, sheet validation and documentation. The results showed that there was a significant influence on the problem solving abilities of students using a combination of Discovery Learning and Problem Based Learning models in biology class X IPA Malang State High School which can be seen from the sig (2tailed) value of 0.002<0.05. The combination of the Discovery Learning model with Problem Based Learning provides opportunities for students to be actively involved in the learning process to solve problems that occur in everyday life starting from finding problems, analyzing problems to drawing conclusions

Analysis of E-Learning Information Systems is certainly one of the efforts that can be made to overcome problems that arise in the process of implementing teaching and learning activities (KBM) in each school. Soft System Methodology (SSM) analysis is a method used to help model unstructured problems. The SSM methodology is suitable for assisting an organization in defining their goals and then building a human activity system to achieve those goals. The relationship between the internal and external academic community involves teachers, parents of students, students and school administrators to develop information for supervision and student Development approaches. E-Learning analysis using the Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) approach is expected that the E-Learning information system will be able to answer existing challenges and problems. This study carried out a CATWOE analysis of the holons and elements (Client, Actor, Transformation, World View, Owner, Environment) found in case studies, building E-Learning models by applying the roles of humans, processes and technology as knowledge-forming elements, then analysis. holons based on the modeling of the resulting Knowledge. The analysis of E-Learning needs is answered by the need between the internal staff of teachers, employees, counseling and external students and parents to improve the quality of teaching and learning activities and student development.

This study aims (1) to determine whether the guided inquiry learning model has an effect on the students' science process skills, (2) to find out whether the PBL learning model affects the students' science process skills, (3) to find out the differences in the students' science process skills. VII SMPN 5 Dusun Selatan which uses the guided inquiry learning model and the PBL learning model. The method in this research is comparative quantitative. The research design used was the Nondomized Control Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The instrument used was a test in the form of multiple choice questions totaling 25 questions and an observation sheet for students' science process skills. The research sample was students of class VII A and class VII B at SMPN 5 Dusun Selatan. The data collection technique was carried out using the observation method of students' science process skills and learning outcomes tests. The data were analyzed descriptively. The results of this study show that (1) the value of the science process skills of students using the guided inquiry learning model has an average value of 92%, (2) the value of the science process skills of students using the PBL learning model has an average value of 96 %, (3) the difference in the science process skills of students who are taught using the guided inquiry learning model and the PBL learning model, it can be seen from the results of the average value obtained that there are differences, where the PBL learning model has a higher average value than the learning model. guided inquiry. The learning outcomes of the guided inquiry class had an average score of 39 on the pretest and 68 on the posttest. Meanwhile, the average value of the pretest in the PBL class was 40.4 and the posttest score was 69.3. These results indicate that the guided inquiry learning model and the PBL learning model can improve students' learning outcomes and science process skills.

This research is motivated by the problem of lack of motivation and attention of students in following the teaching and learning process in the classroom because teaching and learning activities still use conventional methods. This makes students have difficulty in understanding the material being studied so that basic competencies and KKM are not achieved. This study uses the Research and Development (RnD) product development method, using 6 out of 10 research stages, namely potential and problems, data collection, product design, design validation, design improvement and product testing. In this study, researchers used multimedia with the Mind Map method as an interesting learning medium by using a computer that can display text, images, video, and audio so that the learning process is more enjoyable for students. The results of this study are multimedia-based learning media using the Mind Map method. The validity value of media experts is 3.6 which is declared feasible, while the validity value of material experts is 3.8 which is declared feasible, and increases students' understanding and interest as users from 61% initially to increase to 86.11%.