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This study aims to find out and analyze the criminal liability of corporations in Kupang City in supporting the implementation of Law No. 27 of 2007 concerning the Management of Coasts and Small Islands. This research is an empirical judicial research supported by an empirical and normative approach that uses primary data and secondary data collected using interview techniques and literature studies and then processed using editing and coding techniques and analyzed in a qualitative descriptive manner. The results of this study show that (1) Law Number 27 of 2007 concerning the Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands has an important role in regulating the protection and utilization of coastal areas. However, the application of this law in criminal enforcement against the perpetrators of coastal ecosystem destruction still faces various obstacles (2) The legal arrangements in this Law aim to protect, manage, and utilize coastal areas in a sustainable manner. Law Number 27 of 2007 provides a legal basis for the planning, protection, and utilization of coastal ecosystems and involves community participation in the management of natural resources.

The increase in population has an impact on increasing waste, including cooking oil waste known as used cooking oil. This used cooking oil is not always thrown away, but can also be reused. However, improper disposal of waste cooking oil can cause environmental problems. Used cooking oil is a type of waste that can pollute the environment by increasing COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) and BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) levels in the water. Apart from that, this oil can also cause an unpleasant odor due to the biological degradation process. Currently, used cooking oil is often thrown directly into the drain. This research was conducted in Wonorejo Village, Surabaya, with data collection methods in the form of questionnaires, field observations and interviews as primary data, as well as a general description of the area and related literature as secondary data. The results of the analysis show that there are variations in views and practices in managing used cooking oil among respondents. The level of public awareness about the importance of managing used cooking oil to support the zero waste concept varies. The majority of respondents (64%) stated that the main responsibility for managing used cooking oil lies with the users themselves.

The primary objective of training is allowing MSMEs to gain advantages from technology through providing businesses access to QR code viewers for electronic payment transactions. Personal guidance is provided in the Kalibata Canteen. The training program has been set for April 21, 2024, Sunday. MSMEs whose have not yet utilized digital payment media are the target audience for this training program. a review of what was discovered and the discussion before it, MSMEs who view technology as an instrument of expediting transactions need this training. MSMEs ought to comprehend the significance that digitization is to prospering in a disruptive society and ensuring business sustainability in the face of increased rivalry. Offering a supplementary payment option, such as scanning QRIS, is one way MSMEs utilize technology. Through implementation of technology, MSMEs may lead the way. In order encouraging MSMEs to be more widely accepted and for consumers to prefer shopping at MSMEs, both of these factors are improving.

Cases of criminal acts of theft with ongoing aggravations, as regulated in various court decisions, criminal law provisions often give the impression that there is only one main perpetrator who is charged with criminal sanctions for each criminal act. Shows how criminal law must respond to situations where crimes are committed repeatedly and involve more than one individual. In general, participation can be interpreted as an act (criminal act) carried out by more than one person. Therefore, determining the position of the perpetrator in a criminal act is very important. Perpetrators in the general sense of plea must be distinguished from perpetrators in the formulation of Article 55 paragraph (1).The aim of this research is to determine the Juridical Review of the Crime of Theft with Continuous Aggravation. The location for data collection in this research was at the Galang Police Criminal Investigation Unit, Deli Serdang Police on Jl. Perintis Independen No 1 Galang Kota, Galang sub-district, Deli Serdang Regency. The type of research used in this research is empirical research, namely legal research carried out by examining library materials or secondary data consisting of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials and tertiary legal materials. Researchers can use one or a combination of techniques depending on the problem being faced or being researched. The data analysis technique used in this legal research uses qualitative analysis.Based on the research results, in Decision Number 1271/Pid.B/2023/PN Lbp regarding the crime of theft with ongoing aggravation, various causal factors and legal considerations show the complexity of the case. The main causal factors include economic and social conditions that encourage individuals to look for shortcuts in meeting their living needs, as well as the influence of the social and social environment which can increase the risk of involvement in criminal acts. Lack of access to education and training, as well as psychological factors such as emotional disorders and certain personality characteristics, also play a significant role in driving criminal activity.It can be concluded that the application of Article 363 Paragraph (1) 3rd and 4th of the Criminal Code, the Panel of Judges considered that the defendant's actions fulfilled the elements of the crime of theft with aggravation as regulated in Article 363 Paragraph (1) 3rd and 4th of the Criminal Code.

Most door accesses used in homes still use conventional keys. Where the use of manual keys is still vulnerable to loss or damage and is not very safe to use, because manual keys can be duplicated or duplicated by other people. This certainly feels less practical and flexible. This research aims to help improve door security. With a voice recognition system, only certain people can access it using a certain access code. Researchers used the trial and error method. The factor being tried is the voice recognition V3 module which can read voice recordings. The results of this research can be implemented in the form of a tool, where the system can open and close house doors according to the planned design, namely through voice commands and the designed system can run normally according to the automatic system that has been designed in prototype form. The conclusion from this research is that the voice recognition module is capable of recording sounds up to a distance of 20 cm. In voice recording < 10 cm the module is relatively easier to receive voice commands, in recording > 10 cm and < 15 cm the module is slightly less able to receive voice commands, so that in voice recording at a distance of 15 cm to 20 cm the module is very poor in receiving commands sound well.

General elections (elections) in Indonesia are a major pillar of democracy that require strict supervision and management to ensure fairness and transparency. Independent institutions such as the General Election Commission (KPU), the Election Supervisory Body (BAWASLU), and the Election Organizer Honorary Council (DKPP) play a key role in maintaining election integrity. The KPU is responsible for organizing elections at all levels of government, including planning, implementing, and supervising election stages, with a focus on transparency and public participation. BAWASLU functions as a supervisor to prevent and prosecute election violations, while the DKPP is tasked with handling violations of the election organizer's code of ethics. The research of this paper aims to understand the meaning and main tasks or authorities and functions of each of these institutions. The method used in this study is Library Research and Internet Searching, a literature review of literature in the form of books and articles from relevant internet sources. The results of the analysis show that the synergy between the KPU, BAWASLU, and DKPP is very important in creating democratic and integrity-based elections, with each institution having a role or authority, responsibility, and complementary functions. A deep understanding of the duties and functions of these three institutions is expected to improve the quality of election implementation in Indonesia.

The aim of this community service activity is to increase insight and develop knowledge about taxation for students at SMK Kartini Surabaya. As well as providing students with knowledge in income tax skills, especially income tax for individual taxpayers. The training participants were 55 students from Kartini Vocational School, Surabaya, Accounting Study Program. The method of implementing community service activities is carried out by providing theoretical and practical knowledge material for calculating income tax for individual taxpayers in accordance with the tax regulations currently in force. Starting from understanding the meaning of tax object, tax subject, taxpayer as well as the meaning of income tax, individual taxpayer tax rates and how to report income tax. The results achieved in this activity are that the participants or students are able to understand the practice of calculating income tax for individual taxpayers in a fundamental way that applies in Indonesia and are able to understand the rules regarding non-taxable income limits and the amount of income that does not have to pay income tax for individual taxpayers. able to understand the procedures for creating billing codes for tax deposits and able to understand the procedures for reporting personal income tax every month and annual reports.

The importance of English in Indonesia has grown significantly in recent years. This widespread influence is obvious in various sector of Indonesia seciety, from business to education and media. Digital platforms like YouTube play a significant role in English language learning by exposing young Indonesians to English content and bilingual speakers who switch between Indonesian and English. Consequently, YouTube has become an effective tool for language learning, making English more accessible and engaging for Indonesian audiences. This study aims to analyze the types, functions and factors of code-switching used on the Korean YouTube channel Reomit. The research method involves descriptive qualitative analysis, with data collection centered on five videos from the Korea Reomit YouTube channel, focusing on themes related to meats, soupy foods, and snacks. The analysis reveals that the types of code-switching present on the Korea Reomit channel include inter-sentential, intra-sentential, and tag switching. The functions of code-switching identified in the study include discussing specific topics, emphasizing points, interjections, repetition for clarification, intention for clarification, and expressing group identity. The factors influencing code-switching are identified as participant, topic, status, and solidarity.

The phenomenon of code mixing is not only found in society, but also on social media such as YouTube. One of the YouTubers in Indonesia who often uses code mixing is Jerome Polin. Jerome Goes to School is one of the contents in his YouTube video, in that content he uses code mixing to communicate with his interlocutors or his audience. Code mixing has three types, namely, insertion, alternation, and congruent lexicalisation. The purpose of this study is to identify the types of code mixing used in Jerome Polin's utterances. This research uses Muysken's (2000) theory to analyse the types of code mixing. The data source for this research was taken from a video on Jerome's YouTube channel called Nihongo Mantappu. The data comes from Jerome Polin's utterances in YouTube content videos. Researcher investigate two data videos from the youtube channel. The first video is entitled Kaget! Di Kampus Ada Stadium!? Keliling Univ No.1 Taiwan(NTU)| Goes to School. The second video is Akhirnya!! Wasedaboys Ke Cambridge University! Campus Tour Naik Kapal!? | World Trip 6. This research uses descriptive qualitative method, the researcher collected data, made analyzes, and made conclusions. The results of this study found a total of 74 code mixing data. The most common type found is insertion and the least type is alternation. Insertion was found  69 (93.24%) data, alternation 1 (1.35%) data, and congruent lexicalisation 4 (5.41%) data.

This research is intended to examine and gain a deep understanding of the different types of legal protections applicable to online game account transactions affected by fraud and scams, both prior to and following the establishment of agreements, by referring to the current laws and regulations in Indonesia. The scope of this legal protection includes preventive measures as well as the reinstatement of consumer rights in transactions impacted by fraud or scams, within the framework of national law. The study aims to clarify the various forms of legal protection available to consumers and the legitimacy of online game account transactions according to Indonesian law. Furthermore, the research explores the processes involved in online game account transactions and the definitions and features of scams and fraud from both civil and criminal legal perspectives. It also integrates various pertinent laws, including the Consumer Protection Law, the Information and Electronic Transactions Law, the Civil Code (KUHPerdata), and the Criminal Code (KUHP), along with recent updates to the newly established Criminal Code.

This research aims to describe the form of code mixing in the learning process at PDF Al Huda Malikussleh. The approach used in this study is a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. The data of this study are interactions, speech and learning materials delivered by teachers at PDF Al Huda Malikussaleh. The source of this data is the teacher of PDF Al Huda Malikussaleh. The data collection technique used in this study is the listening technique without speaking, recording technique and note-taking technique. Based on the results of the study, it was found that 49 code-mixed data. The data were obtained from three different classes with details; 1) class VII Wustha Putra found 13 code-mixed data, 2) class X Wustha Putri found 6 data, and 3) class Ulya found 30 code-mixed data. Furthermore, the code-mixed data are divided into several forms, namely 34 word-form code-mixed data, 8 phrase-form code-mixed data and 7 clause code-mixed data.

This paper intends to investigate the factors taken into account by the judge in determining the absence in the case of PT Bentoel Internasional Investama at the South Jakarta District Court, analyze the procedures for managing assets whose owners are absent based on the applicable regulations in Indonesia, and investigate the compliance of the procedures for managing shares as afwezidheid assets in the case of PT Bentoel Internasional Investama conducted by the Jakarta Balai Harta Peninggalan (BHP) with the regulations in Indonesia. This study is an empirical legal one using a qualitative methodology. Primary and secondary data are the forms of the information applied. Data collecting methods used are literature reviews and interviews. The interviews were carried out applying flexible topic development based on interview rules. This work employs approaches of descriptive analysis. According to the findings of this investigation, the judge decided on the absence petition of PT Bentoel Internasional Investama based on pertinent legal reasons, legal precedents, and facts provided by the petitioner in view of Under the Indonesian Civil Code, Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights of the Republic of Indonesia No. 27 of 2013, and Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights No. M.02-HT.05.10 of 2005 the process for managing shares as assets whose owners are absent (boedel afwezigheid) by the Jakarta BHP is governed. Regarding PT Bentoel Internasional Investama, the management of afwezigheid shares was done in line with Indonesian laws by means of an application to the South Jakarta District Court, which designated the Jakarta BHP as the legal administrator. This process complies with Articles 463–465 of the Civil Code and Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) Number AHU.UM.01.01-235, including public notification of share status in mass media, management, recording, safekeeping of collective share certificates, and BHP reports share management to the Supreme Audit Agency (BPK) and the Attorney General's Office and handles official and material tests. Since no objections were found, the Jakarta BHP filed none.

TK Negeri Sendangmulyo Semarang is an international level state kindergarten in Semarang locates in Jalan Klipang Raya Sendangmulyo Tembalang, Semarang 50272. Student pick-up system works like student pick-up in general. Parents come to school and directly pick their sons or daughters. But under parents’ circumstance, parents may be able or unable to pick their kids. If parents unable to pick-up their kids, teachers need to know the person actually pick the students whether family member or the parents trustee. For that reason, Identity Recognition System for Kindergarten Student Pick-Up using QR Code is needed. In general, developed system use QR Code. Research method used by researcher among other data collection method such as literature study, field study by observation and interview, also previous research study. While development method in the Identity Recognition System for Kindergarten Student Pick-Up using QR Code use System Development Life Cycle coupled with Unified Modeling Language for modeling. By implementing the system, teachers may control and watch kindergarten student pick-up system. The result is new kindergarten student pick-up system where student may get picked-up if the person brings ID-Card contains QR Code with student data

This research aims to find out and analyze the form of a loan-to-use agreement for a certificate that is not one's own as collateral in the Civil Code and to find out and analyze the role of the collateral recipient in receiving a certificate that is not one's own. This research uses normative legal research, also known as library research, legal research, or legal research instruction, mere secondary data research. Namely examining the law which is conceptualized as legal norms or applicable rules. Data sources were obtained from written sources based on statutory regulations related to the issues discussed. The research results show that borrowing land certificates includes borrowing and not borrowing. However, due to the certificate owner's ignorance, ownership of the land certificate was transferred to the borrower when the owner signed the documents submitted by the certificate borrower. As a result, when the certificate borrower uses the borrowed certificate as collateral, the creditor assumes that the certificate used as collateral belongs to the certificate borrower because the land certificate is in the name of the certificate borrower and the involvement of a third party in guaranteeing land rights can be explained by looking at several articles in the Law. -Law Number 4 of 1996 concerning mortgage rights, namely in article 1 paragraph (2), (3), (4), (6) concerning parties directly involved in mortgage rights, article 4 concerning objects of mortgage rights and article 8 concerning On the subject of mortgage rights, this article appears to provide broad limitations regarding ownership of the land that will be used as collateral.  

This research aims to find out about the forms of child exploitation that occur in the city of Gorontalo and the application of legal sanctions against perpetrators of child exploitation from the perspective of criminal law and jinayah jurisprudence. This research uses empirical legal research methods which are carried out by collecting data through observation and interviews. The results of this research show that the form of child exploitation that occurs in Gorontalo City is sexual exploitation of children. Sexual exploitation of children is the act of using children for sexual purposes in exchange for cash or other forms between children, buyers of sexual services, intermediaries or agents, and other parties who benefit from transactions involving the child's sexuality. In Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection, it is explained that what is meant by sexual exploitation is any form of use of a child's sexual organs or other bodily organs to obtain profit, including but not limited to on all prostitution and obscenity activities as well as in positive criminal law, especially in article 296 of the Criminal Code, it is explained that "anyone who connects or facilitates obscene acts by another person with another person, and makes it a livelihood or habit, is threatened with imprisonment for a maximum of one year four months and a maximum fine of one thousand rupiah.” Looking at the contents, this article does not discuss or write words about sexual exploitation, but if you examine the contents of the article, it seems that this article can be categorized as an article that discusses sexual exploitation.

In the case of a man who killed a goat thief in Serang, Banten, namely the case of Muhyani (58), the prosecutor issued a Letter of Decision to Terminate Prosecution with the Number Tap-209/M.6.10/Eoh.1/12/2023, in which there was an identification of the problem of society still not understanding the Criminal Code regulations regarding the Reasons for Forgiveness in the elimination of criminal acts, so this research aims to 1. Understand the legal perspective on forced defense according to Article 49 paragraph 1 of the Criminal Code, 2. Know the resolution in a case of forced defense (Noodweer) then in the research, namely 1) How is the study of the form of reasons for forgiveness in criminal law in Indonesia?, 2) What are the considerations in determining the existence of reasons for forgiveness in the case of letter Tap-209/M.6.10/Eoh.1/12/2023 in the prosecutor's office and police investigation. In this thesis, the normative legal research method is used through the approach of legislation, cases, and conceptual approaches. then connected with related laws, then analyzed using legal theory, and conducting interviews. Article 49 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code stipulates that, "No person shall be punished if he carries out an act of forced self-defense for himself or another person, his moral honor or his or another person's property, because there is an attack or threat of an attack which is very close at that time, which is prohibited by law." From the results of the study, the following conclusions were drawn: 1). Reasons for forgiveness fall within the scope of criminal abolition, and in general, criminal abolition is divided into two, namely reasons for forgiveness and reasons for justification. 2). In the case of Muhyani, a goat farmer who killed a thief, the Serang District Attorney's Office determined that the case was declared as a forced defense of his other assets as referred to in Article 49 paragraph 1 of the Criminal Code.

This research aims to determine the application of Indonesian positive law to the crime of taking foreign citizens hostage in Indonesia. This research is classified as normative legal research with a statutory approach and a case approach. Legal materials are collected through literature study, then analyzed prescriptively. The research results show that the criminal act of taking foreign citizens hostage, in this case a pilot from New Zealand in Indonesia, is an unlawful act. The legal regulations that were violated by the crime of taking hostages were Article 6 of Law Number 5 of 2018 concerning Amendments to Law Number 15 of 2003 concerning the Establishment of Government Regulations in Lieu of Law Number 1 of 2002 concerning the Eradication of Criminal Acts. Terrorism Becomes Law and Article 451 of Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code.

The aim of this research is to examine the legal certainty of deeds of sharing joint rights due to divorce related to blocked land title certificates. The type of research that will be used is normative. The research approach is carried out using the statutory approach, case approach, conceptual approach and analytical approach. Sources of legal materials used in normative legal research consist of primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. Data analysis techniques by collecting legal materials and other sources of legal materials that are relevant to the legal issues being studied. Analysis of legal materials carried out in this research is legal interpretation (interpretation) and legal construction methods, namely grammatical interpretation, systematic interpretation. Legal certainty regarding the Deed of Sharing of Joint Rights regarding divorce is based on the Civil Code, the Marriage Law and legal regulations regarding land so that the process of transferring land rights can be carried out.

This study aims to explore the foundation of code in the C++ programming language with a focus on data structures. Data structures are a fundamental component in efficient and effective software development. This literature review explores various types of data structures implemented in C++, including arrays, linked lists, stacks, queues, hash tables, and trees. An analysis is conducted on the basic principles and implementation of these data structures in the context of C++, taking into account the strengths and weaknesses of each structure. In addition, this study also discusses the evolution and comparison of data structure implementations from the perspective of performance and algorithm complexity. The results of this study provide in-depth insights into how data structures can affect the design and efficiency of C++ applications, as well as provide guidance for software developers in choosing the most appropriate data structures for their specific needs. The conclusions of this study highlight the importance of a deep understanding of data structures in software development and their contribution to the success of software projects.

Indonesia's economic and social transformation has been significantly reinforced by the implementation of the Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard (QRIS) through digitalization. This research investigates the impact of the implementation of QRIS on the digitalization of MSMEs in the promotion of religious moderation and the establishment of social harmony. This research discovered that the adoption of QRIS not only enhances transaction efficiency and financial inclusion, but also fortifies social interactions among individuals from a variety of backgrounds, through surveys and direct assistance to 30 MSMEs in Pudakpayunh Village. The findings indicate that QRIS plays a role in the reduction of economic inequality, the enhancement of welfare, and the reinforcement of ethical values in business, all of which contribute to the establishment of a more harmonious and moderate social life. As a result, the implementation of QRIS is not only pertinent in an economic context, but also as a means of enhancing social cohesion and diversity in Indonesia.