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The prohibition of proposing to a woman during her ‘iddah period constitutes an Islamic legal provision that is firmly grounded in the normative foundations of the Qur’an and fiqh. This provision aims to preserve the clarity of lineage, protect women’s dignity, and maintain order within the legal framework of marriage. This article examines, from a normative perspective, the prohibition of proposing to a woman during her ‘iddah according to the Shāfi‘ī school of law. The study employs a normative legal research method with a qualitative approach through library research, drawing upon the Qur’an, hadith, and authoritative (mu‘tabar) Shāfi‘ī fiqh texts. The findings indicate that the Shāfi‘ī school strictly prohibits explicit proposals to women during all types of ‘iddah, including ‘iddah resulting from revocable divorce (ṭalāq raj‘ī), irrevocable divorce (ṭalāq bā’in), annulment (fasakh), and death. As for indirect proposals (ta‘rīḍ), they are permitted only for women whose ‘iddah is not accompanied by a right of reconciliation, such as ‘iddah due to death and ‘iddah of ṭalāq bā’in, while remaining prohibited during ‘iddah raj‘ī. This legal ruling reflects the prudence of the Shāfi‘ī school in preventing the occurrence of invalid marriage contracts and affirms the function of ‘iddah as an instrument of Islamic legal regulation rather than merely a biological waiting period.

The increasing use of electronic devices, specifically gadgets, among elementary school children has caused various problems, such as addiction, decreased social interaction, health problems, and decreased concentration in learning. These problems involve not only children but also objects and things around them, as well as parents in managing them. Gadget use is not just a matter of quantity that exacerbates this condition. As a solution, the community service team held a socialization focused on improving healthy digital literacy through counseling, interactive discussions, and practical simulations. Results achieved included increased knowledge about the risks of excessive gadget use, increased collective awareness in limiting usage time, and the formation of practical guidelines for healthy gadget use in school and family environments. The results of the activity were documented in the form of a scientific article published in the community service journal as an academic contribution. Overall, the activity has gone according to plan in terms of planning, implementation, and partner involvement. Active participation of participants was evident in the enthusiasm in the discussions and the school's commitment to continuously monitoring gadget use. Thus, this program is expected to have a long-term positive impact in shaping wise behavior in using technology among elementary school children.

This study aims to examine the responses and levels of understanding of eleventh-grade students at SMA Negeri 4 Pasuruan City regarding trademark disputes, particularly the “Geprek Bensu” case. The research employs a descriptive quantitative approach, with data collected through questionnaires distributed to students as respondents. The questionnaire was designed to describe students’ understanding of the concept of trademarks, the benefits of trademark registration, and their views on the causes of trademark disputes. The results indicate that most students are familiar with the “Geprek Bensu” case and understand trademarks as a business identity and a means of product differentiation. The majority of respondents are also aware that trademark registration provides legal protection and exclusive rights to the trademark owner. However, students’ understanding of trademark law remains varied, as some respondents still associate trademark ownership with popularity alone. In addition, students demonstrate a positive attitude toward the importance of intellectual property education from an early stage through formal education. These findings emphasize the need to strengthen Intellectual Property Rights literacy at the secondary school level in order to enhance legal awareness and prevent trademark disputes in the future.  

The development of digital technology and the demands of 21st-century learning require teachers to implement meaningful and student-centered learning through an immersive learning approach. However, many elementary school teachers still face limitations in understanding the concept of immersive learning and utilizing technology-based learning media, especially three-dimensional (3D) and Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based media. Therefore, this Field Study activity aims to improve the knowledge and skills of teachers and students in implementing immersive learning through the use of 3D-based learning media and AI technology at the UPTD of SD Negeri 155684 Lubuk Tukko 1, Pandan District. The activity was implemented through a four-day workshop involving teachers and students, using an approach of socialization, demonstrations, hands-on practice, discussion, and reflection. The workshop materials covered the concept of immersive learning, the use of 3D-based learning media, gamification of learning through 3D Media applications, and the use of Artificial Intelligence in developing teaching materials and learning media. Evaluation of the activity was conducted through pre- and post-tests, participant observation, and analysis of the resulting learning products. .The results of the activity showed an increase in teachers' understanding and skills in designing and implementing technology-based immersive learning. Teachers were able to produce interactive learning media, teaching modules, and evaluation questions using 3D media, 3D media, and AI. Furthermore, this activity also increased teachers' motivation, creativity, and awareness of the importance of digital literacy in learning. This Field Study activity made a positive contribution to improving teacher competency and supporting the creation of more innovative, interactive, and relevant learning that reflects the characteristics of 21st-century learners.

The development of national character is a strategic agenda in addressing moral, social, and cultural challenges in the era of globalization. Strengthening fundamental values derived from Islamic teachings is considered an important solution, particularly the values of obedience to Allah SWT, the spirit of competing in goodness (fastabiqul khairat), and work ethic. These three values play a crucial role in shaping individuals who are faithful, possess noble character, are responsible, and have high competitiveness. However, the reinforcement of these values in the practice of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) at the elementary, junior high, and senior high school levels has not yet been optimally and systematically integrated. Therefore, this article aims to analyze the concepts, urgency, and strategies for integrating the values of obedience, competition in goodness, and work ethic into PAI learning. The research method employed is a literature study using a qualitative-descriptive approach through the analysis of scientific literature, curriculum documents, and relevant concepts of Islamic education. The findings indicate that the value of obedience serves as a spiritual and moral foundation for students, the value of fastabiqul khairat encourages active, collaborative attitudes oriented toward positive contributions, while work ethic strengthens discipline, responsibility, and productivity. The integration of these three values can be implemented through the development of teaching materials, the application of contextual learning methods, educators’ role modeling, and the cultivation of a religious school culture. The implications of this study affirm that integrating these values into PAI significantly contributes to the formation of a young generation with integrity and readiness to build a dignified nation.

Dyscalculia is a difficulty in learning mathematics that is commonly experienced by elementary school students, especially in multiplication materials. Students with dyscalculia experience obstacles in understanding the concept of numbers and calculation operations, which has an impact on low learning outcomes and students' confidence in mathematics learning. This study aims to describe the difficulties of learning multiplication in dyscalculia students in grade III of MI Nurul Falah 3, as well as identify learning efforts that can help overcome these difficulties. This study used a qualitative approach with a case study design on two students who were identified as having dyscalculia. Data collection techniques include observation, diagnostic assessment, interviews with students and teachers, and analysis of learning outcomes. The results showed that students had difficulty recognizing number symbols, often flipped numbers, and were not able to complete simple multiplication independently. Concrete learning using the "Multiplication Smart Wallet" media has been proven to help students understand the concept of multiplication, increase learning motivation, and reduce anxiety about mathematics. Thus, the use of concrete media is considered effective in supporting more inclusive mathematics learning for dyscalculia students.

This community service activity was implemented at SDN 3 Tangkiling to cultivate an entrepreneurial mindset among elementary school students by integrating financial literacy and exploring creative professions. The program emphasized enhancing students' comprehension of fundamental financial principles through socialization activities and rudimentary buying and selling simulations using play money. The “Mini Shop” activity was implemented to facilitate students' learning about the value of money, the distinction between needs and wants, and the importance of saving. This activity was designed using an active and contextual learning approach, which aligns with the characteristics of elementary school students and the principles of the Merdeka Curriculum, emphasizing character building, independence, and creativity. Additionally, the exploration of creative professions was undertaken through the implementation of role-playing and interactive discussions, thereby introducing a variety of occupations and cultivating an interest in entrepreneurship from an early age. The outcomes of the activity indicated that students exhibited increased enthusiasm and comprehension of fundamental financial concepts and demonstrated an interest in elementary entrepreneurial activities. It is anticipated that this program will evolve into an inspirational learning model for instilling financial literacy and entrepreneurial spirit at the elementary school level.

School leadership plays a strategic role in improving educational quality through effective management, the creation of a positive school culture, and the achievement of learning outcomes, while women’s participation in educational leadership continues to face structural and cultural challenges related to gender stereotypes. This study aims to analyze the leadership styles of female principals at SMK Negeri 1 Penawar Tama and SMK Negeri 1 Banjar Margo, identify supporting and inhibiting factors, and examine the strategies implemented to improve school quality. The research employed a descriptive qualitative approach, with principals, teachers, and students as research subjects. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, passive participatory observation, and documentation, and were analyzed using interactive qualitative analysis techniques involving data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing, with validity ensured through triangulation and member checks. The results indicate that female principals apply a combination of democratic-participatory, transformational, visionary, humanistic-communicative, and professional exemplary leadership styles. These leadership practices are reflected in inclusive decision-making, open communication, moral exemplarity, and strategic programs oriented toward student competence and institutional development. Supporting factors include strong personal commitment, high discipline, a conducive school climate, and stakeholder support, while inhibiting factors consist of limited infrastructure, policy changes, internal differences of opinion, and gender-based social pressures. The study concludes that, despite existing obstacles, female principals are able to implement adaptive and participatory leadership strategies that foster a positive work climate, enhance school community involvement, and contribute significantly to improving the quality and sustainability of vocational education.

This community service activity was implemented at SDN 3 Tangkiling to cultivate an entrepreneurial mindset among elementary school students by integrating financial literacy and exploring creative professions. The program emphasized enhancing students' comprehension of fundamental financial principles through socialization activities and rudimentary buying and selling simulations using play money. The “Mini Shop” activity was implemented to facilitate students' learning about the value of money, the distinction between needs and wants, and the importance of saving. This activity was designed using an active and contextual learning approach, which aligns with the characteristics of elementary school students and the principles of the Merdeka Curriculum, emphasizing character building, independence, and creativity. Additionally, the exploration of creative professions was undertaken through the implementation of role-playing and interactive discussions, thereby introducing a variety of occupations and cultivating an interest in entrepreneurship from an early age. The outcomes of the activity indicated that students exhibited increased enthusiasm and comprehension of fundamental financial concepts and demonstrated an interest in elementary entrepreneurial activities. It is anticipated that this program will evolve into an inspirational learning model for instilling financial literacy and entrepreneurial spirit at the elementary school level.

This research aims to identify the personal branding strategy implemented by Nusaibah Jazuli, a PKS faction member of the South Tangerang City Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD), in building a positive image during the 2024 Election campaign. The advancement of social media has transformed how politicians build and manage their self-image, making a strong personal brand a crucial tool for young politicians to achieve credibility and differentiation amid fierce competition. Employing a qualitative descriptive method, the study analyzes Nusaibah's approach using the Personal Branding Pyramid framework (determine who you are, determine what you do, position yourself, and manage your brand). The findings indicate that this strategy successfully built her reputation and credibility. This success is underpinned by the "Determine Who You Are" commitment, exemplified by donating her entire salary to community welfare. The "Determine What You Do" strategy is reinforced by tangible actions, including distributing 1,000 basic necessity packages and advocating for school bus services. Furthermore, she applied "Position Yourself" as a humble, people-oriented leader who is highly responsive to citizens' concerns, presenting herself as an equal to the community. Finally, "Manage Your Brand" involves consistent and continuous image maintenance. Overall, Nusaibah's ability to engage in relatable political communication successfully won public support and enhanced her reputation.

This research aims to analyze the application of material criminal law against perpetrators of sexual abuse crimes against children and examine the judge's considerations in sentencing in cases of sexual abuse against children committed by teachers. The study focuses on Court Decision Number 1649/Pid.Sus/2020/PN.Mks, where a Quran teacher was convicted of committing sexual abuse against several of his students. This normative legal research employs statutory and case approaches, analyzing primary legal materials including the Criminal Code (KUHP), Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection, and the aforementioned court decision. The findings indicate that the application of material criminal law in this case has been in accordance with Article 82 paragraph (1), jo Article 76E of the Child Protection Law, where all elements of the crime were proven fulfilled. However, the judge's consideration in sentencing raises critical concerns regarding the application of aggravating factors. Under Article 82 paragraph (4) of the Child Protection Law, when sexual abuse is committed by educators, the punishment should be increased by one-third. The court sentenced the defendant to 6 years and 6 months imprisonment and a fine of Rp. 60,000,000, whereas according to the applicable law with aggravating factors, the sentence should have been 8 years and 8 months imprisonment. The study also identifies obstacles in handling such cases, including children's difficulty in revealing traumatic events, victims' fear and shame, limited witnesses, threats from perpetrators, and inadequate resources. The research recommends consistent application of sentence enhancement for perpetrators who are educators, improved inter-agency cooperation in handling child victims, enhanced school security measures, and comprehensive legal protection for child victims throughout the judicial process.  

The rapid advancement of information technology has encouraged elementary schools to adopt digital systems for managing learning resources, including school libraries. SDN 15 Tangerang still applies a manual library management method, which leads to several issues such as poorly organized loan records, difficulties in locating book data, and low reading interest among students. This study aims to design and develop a digital library information system using the Human Centered Design (HCD) approach, which emphasizes user needs and comfort. The HCD method is implemented through four stages: understanding the context of use, identifying user needs, designing solutions, and evaluating the system. The findings indicate that the developed system improves the efficiency of library management, simplifies the book borrowing and return processes, and provides a better user experience for students and library staff. Therefore, the implementation of an HCD-based digital library information system is expected to support the improvement of literacy and reading interest among elementary school students.  

The prevalence of correct handwashing behavior with soap in Aceh Province is 36%. School-age children are the time to instill PHBS values ​​and have the potential to be agents of change to promote PHBS both in the school environment, family, and society. The impact of lazy handwashing with soap can cause various diseases such as diarrhea, flu, hepatitis A, and impetigo (a contagious infection that usually occurs in children who rarely wash their hands, this disease is characterized by red skin which then develops into small blisters). The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of mini posters as a health promotion media on handwashing behavior with soap in elementary school students. The research method is one group pretest posttest design. The sampling technique is total sampling, while the number of samples in this study was 80 students from grades 5 and 6 of elementary school. The results of the study obtained before the intervention of mini posters washing hands with soap behavior of elementary school students 77.5% of students did not wash their hands with soap after urinating and defecating. After the intervention of mini posters washing hands with soap behavior of elementary school students 87.5% did wash their hands with soap. There is an effect of mini poster intervention on increasing handwashing behavior in elementary school students with a p value of 0.000 < 0.05. The results show that mini posters are a reference for the effectiveness of health promotion in preventing infectious diseases in elementary school children by implementing a handwashing program with soap in the school environment

This study discusses the practice and meaning of Sholawat Amrik as a living tradition that develops in the Ahlus Shafa wal Wafa Islamic Boarding School, Sidoarjo, East Java. Sholawat Amrik is not only practiced in a series of formal ritual worship, but also is present continuously in the daily lives of students and worshippers, such as before meals, after prayers, in routine recitations, and various other collective spiritual activities. This shows that prayer is understood not just as a verbal reading, but as a religious practice that is alive and integrated with the daily pattern of Islamic boarding schools. This study aims to analyze the role of Sholawat Amrik in the process of internalizing religious values, strengthening spirituality, forming religious habits, and strengthening social relations in the pesantren community. The research approach used is qualitative with phenomenological methods, through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. Data analysis was carried out by linking the findings to Glock and Stark's theory of religiosity, Charles Duhigg's theory of habit formation, and the concept of tazkiyatun nafs in the Sufism tradition of Imam al-Ghazali. The results of the study show that Sholawat Amrik has theological-spiritual, psychological, and social dimensions that contribute to purification of the soul, inner peace, and community solidarity. This practice forms a sustainable religious habit through a cue–routine–reward pattern, so that it becomes an integral part of the lifestyle of students and can be understood as a sufistic heritage that remains relevant in the modern era.

The national priority program of 12 years of compulsory education is a strategic effort by the government to improve the quality and equity of education, particularly at the secondary education level. This program is supported by the School Operational Assistance (BOS) and the Indonesia Smart Program (PIP). The PIP funds are used to meet the educational needs of students, such as purchasing books, stationery, uniforms, and transportation costs. The goal of providing PIP is to reduce the financial burden of education, decrease school dropout rates, and increase access to quality education. This study examines the effectiveness of PIP in promoting educational equity in Indonesia and evaluates the alignment of government policies related to beneficiaries, implementation, and monitoring of PIP. The method used is a literature review for public policy evaluation in the field of education. The findings show that PIP has successfully increased educational participation, as reflected in the improvement of the School Participation Rate (APS), Gross Participation Rate (APK), and Net Participation Rate (APM). PIP also expands educational access for children from low-income families. However, its implementation faces challenges such as bureaucratic obstacles, misidentification of recipients, low parental administrative literacy, and delays in the distribution of assistance in 3T regions (frontline, outermost, and underdeveloped).

Drug abuse constitutes a serious threat to public health, social stability, and national security. This study examines law enforcement mechanisms against drug abuse under Indonesian Law Number 35 of 2009 on Narcotics and evaluates preventive measures implemented to combat this phenomenon. Employing a normative juridical approach through a comprehensive literature review, this research analyses the implementation of both penal and non-penal approaches in addressing narcotics-related offences. The findings reveal that law enforcement practices predominantly emphasise punitive measures, despite legislative provisions accommodating rehabilitation for drug users. The dual approach integrating criminal sanctions with social and health services remains suboptimal due to institutional constraints, limited rehabilitation facilities, inadequate training for law enforcement personnel, and weak inter-agency coordination. Preventive efforts through education, family empowerment, school-based programs, community engagement, and media campaigns have been implemented but continue to face challenges, including social stigma and insufficient public awareness. This study recommends strengthening restorative justice implementation, expanding rehabilitation service capacity, and enhancing cross-sectoral collaboration to build societal resilience against drug abuse while ensuring that users receive appropriate treatment rather than mere criminalisation.

Myopia is a multifactorial disease, affected by various hereditary and environmental conditions. This literature review aims to evaluate the association between risk factors in incidence of myopia in children aged 6 to 12 years old. A cross-sectional study of elementary students in MI Patihan Kidul, Ponorogo, East Java was performed. Eligible samples were 6 to 12 years old students. Examination was performed on September 7th 2023. The students underwent short history taking, body mass index (BMI), and visual acuity examination. Age, sex, BMI, family history of myopia, sleeping time, screen time, and duration of outdoor activity were examined as risk factors. A total of 336 children met the inclusion criteria, of which 48 (14.2%) of them had myopia. Family history of myopia was proven to increase the risk for myopia on their children (p value 0.012, OR 0.436).  Heredity is a well-established risk factor for myopia. This literature review provides evidence on the positive correlation between family history and the occurrence of myopia in children. 

Memorizing the Qur’an is a process, as the material to be memorized must be perfect, because this knowledge is studied to be memorized, not to be understood. However, once the memorization of the Qur’an is complete, it is then required to understand the contents contained within it. The purpose of this study is to find out how the tahfidz program is implemented at Pesantren Diniyyah Puteri Padang Panjang. By using a qualitative descriptive research method, it means that the data collected is not in the form of numbers but comes from interviews, field notes, and pictures. To obtain accurate results, this study uses data collection methods in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation. The analysis used includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study first show that the Al-Quran tahfidz program at Pesantren Diniyyah Puteri Padang Panjang is a mandatory activity for students in the dormitory and is included in In the extracurricular program at school, the implementation has been running quite well. Second, there are supporting factors from both internal and external sources that facilitate the tahfidz program, such as rewards for students who have reached their memorization targets, designated rooms for students to memorize, and guidance from professional supervisors. The inhibiting factors are: students' laziness due to a packed schedule in both the dormitory and school, and too little time to memorize and review their memorization.

Food safety is a crucial aspect of public health, particularly for elementary school children who frequently consume street food or snacks sold within school environments. Food handlers play a key role in determining the level of hygiene and sanitation of the food served. This study aims to analyze the factors associated with food handlers’ hygiene behavior in elementary school canteens in Telanaipura District, Jambi City. This research employed a quantitative method with a cross-sectional approach involving 41 food handlers as respondents. Data were collected through structured interviews using questionnaires and direct observations based on hygiene and food sanitation standards in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Health No. 1096/Menkes/PER/VI/2011. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate methods with the Chi-Square test at a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed that most food handlers exhibited poor hygiene behavior (61.0%). There were significant relationships between knowledge (p = 0.048), attitude (p = 0.000), and availability of facilities and infrastructure (p = 0.000) with hygiene behavior, while education level showed no significant association (p = 0.187). It can be concluded that improving hygiene behavior requires continuous training, supervision, and provision of adequate sanitation facilities to support food safety in school environments.

Islamic Education Management is a process of utilizing every facility owned by Islamic educational institutions, so that the quality of Islamic educational institutions needs to be continuously improved in accordance with the development of the times. This study aims to describe and analyze factors related to leadership management and improving the quality of Islamic education. The research method used is a literature study, namely conducting a review process on books, existing theories to be connected with the topic of leadership and quality of education, especially Islamic Education. The results of this study indicate that leadership and improving the quality of Islamic education as mandated by the national education goals require management that requires full support from various parties ranging from the government, school students, parents and the community. An improvement in the quality of education requires strengthening in several components, namely effective leadership, customer satisfaction, organizational culture, performance of educators and education personnel, curriculum and quality of graduates.