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This research explores assertive speech acts found on the Satu Persen YouTube Channel, particularly in the video titled “Strategies to Increase Productivity.” Assertive speech acts are considered significant as they serve to deliver information, clarification, and recommendations that can influence the audience’s perceptions and behaviors. The main objective of this study is to identify the forms of assertive speech acts that appear and explain their functions in reinforcing educational and motivational messages. This study employed a qualitative descriptive approach using observation and note-taking techniques. The data, taken from utterances in four purposively selected videos, were transcribed and categorized according to the types of assertive speech acts. The findings reveal a total of 194 assertive speech acts encompassing various forms, including stating, demanding, admitting, reporting, showing, mentioning, testifying, and speculating. Among these, the stating form appeared most frequently with 73 occurrences, followed by admitting, saying, and speculating. These results suggest that the creator focuses on delivering factual, logical, and structured information to facilitate audience comprehension. Overall, this study emphasizes the crucial role of assertive speech acts in conveying educational and motivational messages while demonstrating YouTube’s potential as an effective medium for academic communication and contributing to the advancement of pragmatic studies.

This study investigates the effects of safety leadership and work environment on patient safety culture, with work motivation as an intervening variable among nurses at Hospital X in Jakarta. A quantitative approach using a cross-sectional design was employed, with data collected from 111 nurses through structured questionnaires. The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling–Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The results show that safety leadership and work environment have significant positive impacts on nurses’ work motivation. Additionally, work motivation directly influences patient safety culture. The study also finds that work motivation partially mediates the relationship between safety leadership and patient safety culture, as well as between work environment and patient safety culture. These findings suggest that both leadership practices and environmental conditions affect patient safety culture directly and indirectly by enhancing nurses’ motivation. The study highlights the importance of safety leadership and supportive work environments in promoting a sustainable patient safety culture through improved nurse motivation. From a practical perspective, hospital management should focus on fostering effective safety leadership practices and creating conducive work environments to enhance patient safety culture. This research contributes to the literature on patient safety and management by providing empirical evidence on the role of work motivation in strengthening safety culture in hospitals.

The article titled “The Philosophical Meaning of ‘Sega Golong’ as a Form of Resolve in the Serat Babad Bendaran” aims to explain the philosophy of sega golong as a form of resolve and to describe the various forms of resolve found in the Serat Babad Bendaran as a reflection of the sega golong philosophy. This study falls under philological research, drawing its primary data from the Serat Babad Bendaran. It employs Kutha Ratna’s theory of literary anthropology. Data collection was conducted using literature review and textual analysis methods. The research methodology employed is qualitative descriptive. This study reveals that the philosophy of sega golong, as a form of resolve, is an effort or inner drive within an individual to achieve specific life goals. There are five forms of resolve in the Serat Babad Bendaran, namely courage, hard work, perseverance and initiative, and discipline. It is hoped that these forms of resolve can serve as examples in the pursuit of human life goals.

This study aims to examine the shift of utterances from criticism to hate speech in digital communication related to the Iran-United States-Israel conflict in 2026 on social media. The study focuses on the transformation of the functions and meanings of users’ comments, which initially appear as opinions or criticism but gradually evolve into expressions that contain elements of hate speech. This research employed a descriptive qualitative method, using a pragmalinguistic approach to interpret the meanings of utterances based on linguistic context, speaker intention, and surrounding social circumstances. The data were obtained from users’ comments on posts shared on Instagram and TikTok through observation and documentation. The collected data were then analyzed by classifying utterances into several categories, including criticism, emotional criticism, offensive speech, personal attack, and hate speech. The findings reveal that the transformation of utterances into hate speech occurs gradually rather than instantly. Initially, evaluative criticism tends to shift due to the increasing use of emotional, sarcastic, and derogatory language, eventually developing into personal attacks, negative labeling, and even dehumanization toward certain groups. These findings indicate that social media may amplify the emergence of hate speech by providing users with broader opportunities to express emotions freely. Therefore, the pragmasemantic approach is considered relevant in understanding the dynamics of meaning transformation in digital communication.

This research aims to analyze the structure and identify various forms of linguistic errors found in students’ research reports. A qualitative approach with a descriptive method was employed, using documentation studies on three different students’ research reports as the primary data. The findings indicate discrepancies in the text structure, such as unsystematic composition of the introduction, methodology, results, discussion, and conclusion sections. Furthermore, various linguistic errors were identified, including spelling, punctuation, diction, ineffective sentence construction, and inconsistencies in citations and references. Other identified issues include content duplication, technical errors in word processing features, and lack of relevance in the theoretical review. The implications of this research emphasize the necessity of improving the quality of research report writing through strengthened academic writing curricula, structured mentoring, the use of reference management technology, and a disciplined scientific literacy culture. This study is expected to serve as an evaluation tool for students, lecturers, and study programs to enhance the standards of scientific writing in higher education.

Patient experience reflects patient’s comprehensive perceptions of service quality, the physical environment, and communication with healthcare providers. This study was motivated by the need to foster positive patient experience in the Pharmacy Installation of Graha Sehat Hospital, Probolinggo through improvements in service quality, servicescape, and effective communication. The objective of this research was to analyze the effects of service quality and servicescape on patient experience, with effective communication serving as an intervening variable. A quantitative approach was employed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS. A total of 180 outpatient pharmacy patients were selected through voluntary sampling, with the sample size determined based on Hair’s method. The findings indicate that service quality, servicescape, and effective communication simultaneously exert a positive and significant effect on patient experience. Partially, service quality has a positive and significant effect on patient experience, while servicescape does not have a direct significant effect on patient experience. Effective communication, however, demonstrates a positive and significant influence on patient experience. Furthermore, effective communication significantly mediates the relationship between servicescape and patient experience, but it does not mediate the relationship between service quality and patient experience. The managerial implications for hospital management highlight the need to strengthen service quality improvement strategies, optimize spatial layout and environmental comfort in the pharmacy setting, and establish concise communication standards that include essential medication counseling points. Such measures are necessary to ensure that communication quality remains consistent, even during peak patient volume periods with limited-service time.

This study aims to analyze the marketing strategy of Betet Rice at Toko Cendrawasi Fakfak. The research uses a qualitative approach with data collection methods including field research, interviews with managers and employees, observations on sales data management, and documentation. The data were analyzed using marketing mix analysis and SWOT analysis. The results show that Betet Rice is distributed directly to customers through Toko Cendrawasi Fakfak, which acts as a distributor of the product. Toko Cendrawasi has made efforts to provide significant market access for Betet Rice marketing, with products and prices adjusted to customer desires and purchasing power. The marketing strategy used involves the marketing mix of product, price, promotion, and distribution, which has led to an increase in demand for Betet Rice every year. Based on the SWOT analysis, the marketing strategy implemented includes strengths in strong financial conditions and a fleet of ships, weaknesses in the lack of attention to key marketing elements, opportunities in market analysis and customer segmentation, and threats from increasing competition and globalization of competitors offering similar products.

Compliance with clinical pathways is a critical component in ensuring quality of care, patient safety, and cost efficiency in hospitals. However, its implementation continues to face challenges related to management systems and the work behavior of Healthcare Providers (HCPs). This study aimed to analyze the effect of performance-based remuneration systems and organizational support on clinical pathway compliance, with work discipline serving as an intervening variable among HCPs at Cabangbungin Regional General Hospital.This research employed a quantitative approach with an explanatory research design. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with a Partial Least Squares (PLS) approach, supported by the three-box method analysis. The findings indicate that performance-based remuneration systems and work discipline have a significant positive effect on clinical pathway compliance. Furthermore, work discipline was found to strengthen the relationship between performance-based remuneration and compliance, confirming its mediating role. In contrast, organizational support did not show a significant direct or indirect effect on clinical pathway compliance.The study concludes that compliance with clinical pathways is more strongly influenced by performance control mechanisms and clinical work discipline than by general organizational support. These findings provide evidence-based insights for hospital management in designing sustainable strategies and policies to enhance clinical pathway adherence and improve service quality.

Drug stockouts in hospitals pose significant risks to service quality, patient safety, and operational efficiency. This study aimed to analyze how drug demand planning and procurement processes at Johar Baru Regional General Hospital contribute to stockout occurrences and to develop data-driven recommendations based on supply chain management principles. A qualitative descriptive design was employed using data triangulation. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with the Head of the Pharmacy Installation, procurement staff, and warehouse pharmacists, complemented by direct observation and analysis of 2024 planning and procurement documents. Thematic analysis was conducted with the support of NVivo software to identify patterns and relationships among key variables, including drug demand planning, procurement, and inventory management.Findings reveal that stockouts stem from interconnected weaknesses in planning accuracy, procurement coordination, and inventory control systems. Effective stock management depends not only on increasing supply but also on improving data quality, integrating inventory information systems with operational workflows, and enhancing cross-functional collaboration. Recommended strategies include implementing a minimum stock alert system integrated with the Hospital Management Information System (HMIS), strengthening standard operating procedures for stockout response and procurement confirmation, improving integration between HMIS, the National Formulary, and budgeting systems, and applying consumption based planning methods combined with ABC VEN analysis to optimize inventory control.

This study examines the influence of memorable tourism experiences and operational risk management in tourist train transportation on positive Word of Mouth (WOM), with tourist satisfaction serving as a mediating variable. A quantitative approach was employed, and data were processed using SEM-PLS 4. The research sample consisted of 247 respondents who had used tourist train services within the past year. The results reveal that both effective risk management practices and memorable tourism experiences perceived by tourists significantly impact tourist satisfaction. Additionally, tourist satisfaction plays a crucial mediating role in generating positive WOM. The study highlights that memorable tourism experiences, including aspects such as comfort, scenic views, and the quality of service, significantly enhance tourist satisfaction. Furthermore, operational risk management, which includes ensuring passenger safety, maintaining service reliability, and handling emergencies effectively, is essential for cultivating satisfaction and positive WOM. The findings suggest that businesses in the tourism industry, particularly those operating tourist trains, should prioritize both risk management and creating memorable experiences to foster customer loyalty and enhance WOM. This study contributes to understanding the dynamic relationship between risk management, customer satisfaction, and WOM in the tourism sector, providing valuable insights for improving service strategies in tourist train transportation.

This study aims to determine the influence of Diklat on employee performance at the Department of Education and Culture of Gorontalo Province. The sample in this study consisted of 58 respondents. The data used in this research were primary. Data collection was conducted through the distribution of questionnaires. The data analysis technique employed was simple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that Diklat have a positive and significant influence on employee performance at the Department of Education and Culture of Gorontalo Province, with a coefficient of determination of 66.90%, while the remaining 33.10% is influenced by other variables not examined in this study, such as organizational culture, work environment, leadership, career management, work commitment, work supervision, and information technology within the organization. The positive test results imply that the improvement in employee performance at the Department of Education and Culture of Gorontalo Province occurs due to intensive Diklat that align with the needs of human resource development in public sector organizations.

The quality of educational research is strongly influenced by the accuracy in defining the research population and selecting appropriate sampling procedures. Proper determination of population and sample is essential to ensure that research findings are valid and can be generalized to a broader context. However, many educational studies still provide limited and unsystematic explanations regarding how populations are defined, how samples are selected, and how sample sizes are determined in the research design. This lack of methodological clarity may reduce the credibility and reliability of research results. This study aims to examine the concepts of population and sample, various sampling techniques, and their implications for improving the quality of educational research. The study employed a literature review approach by synthesizing scientific articles and methodological references published within the last ten years that discuss population and sampling in educational research. The results of the review indicate that clearly defining the research population, including both target and accessible populations, is a fundamental step in designing a study. Furthermore, the use of appropriate sampling techniques, such as simple random sampling, stratified sampling, and cluster sampling, plays an important role in obtaining representative samples. Determining an adequate sample size and implementing systematic sampling procedures can also reduce potential research bias and enhance data validity. Therefore, accurate population identification and appropriate sampling design are essential factors in strengthening the reliability and generalizability of educational research findings.

This study aims to analyze efforts to improve the disciplinary performance of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) in the Sorong City Regional Secretariat through the approach of apparatus compliance, internal supervision, enforcement of disciplinary sanctions, and organizational work culture. The research uses a mixed methods method, namely a quantitative approach through the dissemination of a Likert scale questionnaire analyzed using descriptive statistics and correlation, as well as a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews with the Regional Secretary, Head of the Inspectorate, Head of BKPSDM, Head of Organization and Administration, and Head of the People's Welfare Section. The study's results show that organizational work culture and internal supervision are positively related to apparatus compliance. At the same time, the enforcement of disciplinary sanctions plays a supporting role in maintaining the consistency of ASN discipline. Qualitative findings reinforce that leadership examples, employee development, and technology-based monitoring systems are important factors in improving apparatus discipline. The study's implications indicate that improving ASN discipline requires an integrated approach that strengthens the supervision system, fosters employee development, and develops an organizational work culture oriented towards public services. The study's limitation is in the narrow scope of respondents in the Sorong City Regional Secretariat; therefore, further research is recommended to include more regional apparatus and employ more comprehensive statistical analysis to yield deeper results.

Educational institutions increasingly face competitive pressures in attracting and maintaining student enrollment, particularly within the private school sector. This study examines educational marketing strategies implemented to increase student enrollment in Catholic private schools. The research focuses on two institutions, namely SMA Strada Santo Thomas Aquino and SMA Katolik Lia Stephanie, which demonstrate different enrollment trends and marketing approaches. A qualitative exploratory method was employed to understand institutional strategies and marketing practices in their natural contexts. Data were collected through observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation conducted between August and December 2025. Data validity was ensured through source and technique triangulation, while analysis followed the Miles, Huberman, and Saldana model consisting of data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that both schools implement educational marketing strategies based on the marketing mix framework (7P), including product, price, place, promotion, people, process, and physical evidence. SMA Strada Santo Thomas Aquino applies a community-relational approach that emphasizes Catholic values, alumni loyalty, school reputation, and word-of-mouth communication within community networks. SMA Katolik Lia Stephanie adopts a differentiation-professional approach by offering flagship academic programs, modern facilities, and structured promotional strategies coordinated by a dedicated marketing team. The effectiveness of these strategies is supported by church networks, alumni engagement, foundation support, and consistent educational service quality. Several challenges were identified, including limited marketing resources, insufficient digital marketing competence, and increasing competition among private schools. Strengthening adaptive and innovative marketing strategies is essential for maintaining institutional competitiveness and sustaining student enrollment in Catholic private educational institutions.

This study aims to analyze the communication process within the Suluk tradition in Kubu Gadang, West Payakumbuh, using Dell Hymes’ Dell Hymes Ethnography of Communication approach. This research employed a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach through observation and in-depth interviews involving five informants and one triangulator, consisting of mursyid, khalifah, and salik. The findings reveal that communication in the Suluk tradition is systematically regulated to maintain participants’ spiritual concentration during the worship process. Communication occurs through verbal forms, such as dzikir, tawajuh, and spiritual instructions delivered by the mursyid, as well as non-verbal symbols, including the use of khalwat isolation tents, tasbih, and stones as counting tools. In addition, strict norms such as limiting speech, eye contact, and social interaction function as important non-verbal communication elements. These communication patterns collectively support the spiritual objectives of Suluk, particularly in strengthening self-discipline, inner focus, and closeness to Allah.

Religious learning in secondary schools is not only implemented through intracurricular activities but is also strengthened by applicative extracurricular programs. One form of actualizing religious learning is kultum khitobiyah activities within the Islamic Spiritual Organization (Rohani Islam/Rohis). This study aims to describe the actualization of religious learning through Rohis kultum khitobiyah activities in developing students’ public speaking skills and spirituality at SMA Negeri 2 Tuban. This research employed a qualitative approach using field research methods. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, while data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results indicate that kultum khitobiyah activities effectively actualize religious learning through students’ active involvement in religious preaching practices. These activities contribute positively to the development of public speaking skills, particularly in terms of courage, self-confidence, and the ability to deliver ideas systematically. Furthermore, kultum khitobiyah activities also play a significant role in strengthening students’ spirituality, as reflected in increased religious awareness, internalization of Islamic values, and the manifestation of religious attitudes in daily life. Therefore, kultum khitobiyah activities within the Rohis extracurricular program have a strategic role in reinforcing religious learning by integrating communication skill development with students’ spiritual formation.

Breast milk is the optimal source of nutrition for infants, and adequate milk production is essential to support infant growth and development. However, many breastfeeding mothers experience difficulties in milk production, particularly during the early postpartum period. Rolling massage is a non-pharmacological intervention that is believed to stimulate the release of oxytocin and prolactin hormones, thereby enhancing breast milk production. This study aimed to determine the effect of rolling massage on breast milk production in breastfeeding mothers at Tidore City Hospital.This research employed a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest–posttest approach. A total of 30 breastfeeding mothers were selected as the sample using purposive sampling techniques. Breast milk production was assessed before and after the implementation of rolling massage. The intervention was performed according to standardized procedures. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test to evaluate differences in breast milk production before and after the intervention.The results showed a significant increase in breast milk production after the rolling massage intervention. Statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant effect of rolling massage on breast milk production in breastfeeding mothers.In conclusion, rolling massage has a significant positive effect on increasing breast milk production among breastfeeding mothers. This intervention can be recommended as a simple, safe, and effective complementary therapy to support successful breastfeeding, particularly in the early postpartum period.

The police institution is a law enforcement agency whose operational effectiveness heavily depends on the management of human resources to support organizational development and sustainability. The Directorate of Special Criminal Investigation (Ditreskrimsus) holds a strategic role in handling specialized and complex crimes. Its duties involve addressing various forms of criminal activity with high levels of risk and uncertainty. Such risks are often unpredictable and may arise suddenly. Continuous readiness and sustained vigilance in diverse situations can serve as significant sources of work-related stress. One strategy to mitigate work stress is by enhancing Quality of Work Life (QWL). This study aims to examine the relationship between QWL and work stress among members of the Ditreskrimsus of Polda Jambi. A quantitative approach with a correlational research design was employed, involving 115 members selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected online using questionnaires consisting of a QWL scale and a Work Stress scale. Correlation analysis conducted using SPSS indicated that the majority of respondents were in the moderate category. The findings revealed a significant negative relationship between QWL and Work Stress, with a correlation coefficient of r = -0.549 and a significance level of p < 0.001. These results underscore the importance of continuously improving various aspects of QWL as an effective strategy to prevent and reduce work-related stress.

This community service research was conducted to examine the implementation of branding development through a Car Free Day event as a strategy to enhance communication and visual identity at Telaga Harmony Residence. The background of this study is the need for effective community branding to strengthen public awareness, social engagement, and residential image in a growing housing area. The objective of this activity was to apply integrated communication and visual strategies that support brand identity through participatory public events. The method employed was a participatory and collaborative approach involving residents, organizers, and local stakeholders, supported by promotional media, visual design elements, and social interaction activities. The findings indicate that the Car Free Day event successfully increased community participation, strengthened visual recognition of the residential brand, and improved public perception of Telaga Harmony Residence as a healthy and environmentally friendly housing area. The implications of this study suggest that community-based events combined with consistent branding and visual communication strategies can effectively enhance residential identity and social cohesion, and may serve as a reference for similar community development programs in the future.

The phenomenon of phubbing and extreme digital content consumption has become a new challenge in public health, especially for Generation Z, who spend up to 10 hours a day on the internet. This study aims to analyze how phubbing behavior and dependency on endurance streaming distort the quality of face-to-face social interaction and its implications for mental health determinants. The research method employed is a literature review with a critical-narrative approach. Data were collected through systematic searching of reputable scientific databases (such as Google Scholar, SINTA, and GARUDA) focusing on publications from 2021 to 2026. The analysis was conducted by synthesizing literature findings integrated with preliminary field observations to validate the phenomenon's relevance in the local context. The results reveal that snubbing others in favor of gadgets is a mechanism to escape the reciprocal emotional burden of real-life communication. Digital spaces are perceived as safer because they offer intimacy without risk, yet they systematically trigger a chronic erosion of social attention and executive dysfunction. From a public health perspective, this condition threatens social capital and community resilience. This study concludes the importance of sociopsychological interventions to restore human connection to prevent chronic emotional isolation in the future.