Publication Search

The church has the main mandate to carry out the Great Commission as written in Matthew 28:18-20. In the context of an increasingly complex multicultural society in the digital era and society 5.0, the church is faced with the challenge of delivering the gospel in a relevant manner without losing its theological essence. This research aims to examine the theological contribution of the church in carrying out the Great Commission in a multicultural society and formulate effective strategies in evangelism. Using a qualitative method based on literature review, this research analyses literature from various sources of theology, sociology of religion, and multiculturalism studies. The results show that the church has an important role in building social harmony through interfaith dialogue, multicultural education, and inclusive and contextual evangelism strategies. Churches that understand local cultures can bridge social and religious differences without losing Christian values. In addition, the utilisation of digital technology in church mission strategies allows for greater reach in the spread of the gospel. However, challenges remain, including theological differences, resistance to evangelism, as well as limited church resources in social ministry. Therefore, a collaborative approach with various communities becomes a strategic solution to strengthen the impact of the church's ministry. This research confirms that the church needs to continue developing mission methods that are relevant to the times, while remaining true to its theological principles. By actively engaging in social ministry and interfaith dialogue, the church can become an agent of social transformation that brings peace and prosperity to a multicultural society.

In Christianity there are various sects with diverse dogmas. When Christianity entered the Pematangsiantar area, various churches with different sect backgrounds grew and developed, such as the Catholic Church, Huria Kristen Batak Protestan (HKBP), Simalungun Protestant Christian Church (GKPS), Indonesian Christian Church (GKI), Indonesian Bethel Church (GBI), Indonesian Pentecostal Church (GPI), and others (Aritonang, 2008)

Climate change is a global challenge that is becoming more urgent for countries around the world to anticipate its negative impacts. Especially for archipelagic countries, including Indonesia, the impact of climate change such as rising sea levels cannot be underestimated because it leads to sovereignty issues. In the context of sovereignty, this research tries to analyze the impact of climate change on Indonesia's national sovereignty in relation to international law by focusing on three main topics, namely the perspective of international law on a country's maritime territory, the impact of climate change on Indonesia's sovereignty, and actions that can be taken to avoid the negative effects of climate change. The conclusion of this research shows that Indonesia is facing complex legal challenges in dealing with the impacts of climate change where international law has not provided arrangements related to the sovereignty of archipelagic states if climate change causes the islands that are part of the country to sink. However, advocating for the application of the principle of baseline permanence can help Indonesia protect its maritime interests in the midst of global climate change.

This study examines the stance of Abd al-Rahman al-Dakhil towards the Christian kingdoms in Al-Andalus during his rule. Following the collapse of the Umayyad Caliphate in the Levant, Abd al-Rahman I successfully established an independent emirate in Al-Andalus, navigating both internal and external challenges. A significant aspect of his governance was his strategic response to the Christian kingdoms in northern Spain, which continuously sought to reclaim lost territories and challenge Muslim rule. The study explores his military campaigns, diplomatic efforts, and policies aimed at securing the stability of the Umayyad state. Despite initial successes in repelling Christian advances and imposing tributary agreements, internal strife within Al-Andalus weakened its ability to maintain long-term control over contested regions. The research underscores the pivotal role of political unity in sustaining territorial dominance and highlights how Abd al-Rahman al-Dakhil’s leadership shaped the early Islamic state in Iberia.

Community Service through real work lectures is an activity to solve a problem that exists in the village. This study aims to provide education to students at school, one of which is about bullying and the impact of bullying in the school environment. This KKN activity was carried out in Mojosarirejo Village, Kemlagi District, Mojokerto Regency. Through KKN, students can apply the knowledge and skills they have acquired in college into real practice, thereby improving their abilities and experience. The methods used in this study use observation and interview methods. The results of this study show that children at elementary school level (SD) understand the impact of bullying which can affect the child’s psychological condition as well as their physical condition. And they do not repeat things related to bullying that can harm themselves and others.

This community service program aims to prevent cyberbullying in Mojorejo Kemlagi Village and provide students with an understanding of the dangers posed by cyberbullying. The steps to prevent cyberbullying are not sharing posts too often, reducing irrelevant comments, limiting the use of social media, and not being easily provoked. The result of this community service is an effort to prevent cyberbullying in the modern era with the understanding of SMP Negeri 2 Kemlagi students.

One cardiovascular condition known as venous thromboembolism (VTE) is believed to be brought on by hormonal medications like oral contraceptives. Women taking oral contraceptives are more likely to develop VTE over the age of 40 due to a genetic predisposition that can trigger the risk from the cytochrome gene. One of the genes associated with VTE and contraception is the CYP2C19, CYP3A4, CYP1A2, and CYP345 genes. Methods: A quality assessment of the method and risk was conducted using The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Instrument after a number of articles collected from Scopus, Crossref, Ebsco, Pubmed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were selected by the inclusion criteria. Results:Articles or journals on the JBI instrument showed good quality in the number of 10 research particles. From the results of the journal analysis, several cytochrome genes were obtained, namely the CYP2C19, CYP3A4, CYP1A2, and CYP345 genes. Conclusion: Several types of cytochrome genes that affect oral use as well as VTE. The cytochrome CYP2C19 gene may decrease the effects of clopidogrel. The use of CYP3A4 gene-inducing drugs should be considered at the same time as contraception and it is advisable to use other drug alternatives. Concomitant use of CYP1A2 gene-inducing drugs with contraception should be avoided because they may decrease the contraceptive effect. The use of cyclosporine drugs needs to be monitored because cyclosporine can increase estrogen levels in the liver.

One cardiovascular condition known as venous thromboembolism (VTE) is believed to be brought on by hormonal medications like oral contraceptives. Women taking oral contraceptives are more likely to develop VTE over the age of 40 due to a genetic predisposition that can trigger the risk from the cytochrome gene. One of the genes associated with VTE and contraception is the CYP2C19, CYP3A4, CYP1A2, and CYP345 genes. Methods: A quality assessment of the method and risk was conducted using The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Instrument after a number of articles collected from Scopus, Crossref, Ebsco, Pubmed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were selected by the inclusion criteria. Results:Articles or journals on the JBI instrument showed good quality in the number of 10 research particles. From the results of the journal analysis, several cytochrome genes were obtained, namely the CYP2C19, CYP3A4, CYP1A2, and CYP345 genes. Conclusion: Several types of cytochrome genes that affect oral use as well as VTE. The cytochrome CYP2C19 gene may decrease the effects of clopidogrel. The use of CYP3A4 gene-inducing drugs should be considered at the same time as contraception and it is advisable to use other drug alternatives. Concomitant use of CYP1A2 gene-inducing drugs with contraception should be avoided because they may decrease the contraceptive effect. The use of cyclosporine drugs needs to be monitored because cyclosporine can increase estrogen levels in the liver.

The design of a data processing information system is currently in great demand. By designing a data processing information system, the community, especially the congregation and administrators at the Sumba Christian Church (GKS) Lambanapu, can be facilitated in the process of data processing and providing information quickly, precisely and accurately, so that efficiency and effectiveness of church work are achieved. In this study, the author uses various writing methods including data collection techniques, waterfall methods, and system development methods. Creating an information system in church data processing that should be able to improve service performance and be able to provide fast and accurate information. So that it can help the process of church member data collection and can be a means of conveying information to church members. Creating a web-based system used for congregation or congregation data at the Sumba Christian Church (GKS) Lambanapu which contains applications for member registration, baptism registration, marriage blessing registration, sidi registration, registration for borrowing worship facilities and infrastructure, as well as downloading member documents, and news about church activities.  

The Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) is an opportunistic pathogen causing significant losses in aquaculture. The overuse of antibiotics has led to antimicrobial resistance, necessitating alternative control strategies. This study evaluates the potential of coconut oil to inhibit A. hydrophila colonization in gills, brain, and gut microbiota of zebrafish while enhancing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) populations. A completely randomized design was used with five groups: a negative control (healthy), a positive control (A. hydrophila-infected), and three treatment groups (1000 mg/kg, 2000 mg/kg, 4000 mg/kg coconut oil) for 60 days. Bacterial load in gills and brain was quantified using the pour plate method on Rimler-Shotts agar, while LAB in the gut was assessed using de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe Agar (MRSA). 1000 mg/kg coconut oil significantly reduced A. hydrophila in the gills (0.3 ± 0.09 × 10⁷ CFU/ml) compared to the positive control (138.13 ± 11.26 × 10⁷ CFU/ml). 4000 mg/kg was most effective in reducing A. hydrophila in the brain (1.78 ± 0.51 × 10⁷ CFU/ml vs. 4.53 ± 0.40 × 10⁷ CFU/ml in the positive control). LAB populations significantly increased (p < 0.0001), with the highest count at 1000 mg/kg (9.20 ± 0.87 × 10⁷ CFU/ml), followed by 2000 mg/kg (3.16 ± 0.13 × 10⁷ CFU/ml), and 4000 mg/kg (1.78 ± 0.35 × 10⁷ CFU/ml). Coconut oil effectively enhances LAB populations, inhibits A. hydrophila colonization, and acts as a natural antimicrobial and probiotic agent. The 1000 mg/kg dose is optimal for gut microbiota improvement, while 4000 mg/kg protects brain tissues, highlighting coconut oil’s potential as an eco-friendly alternative to antibiotics in aquaculture.

orship is at the core of the Christian spiritual life, not only as an act of reverence to God but also as a means to deepen one's spiritual relationship with Him. However, in reality, many congregants experience a decline in interest and consistency in worship. This phenomenon is also observed at GKSI Agape Bajong, where, despite the church's growth, the understanding of the true meaning of worship still needs to be improved. One approach to address this issue is through the discipleship method. Through discipleship, the church can help the congregation gain a deeper understanding of worship and awaken their spiritual awareness. This approach emphasizes the deepening of faith and personal transformation based on the example of Christ. This study aims to explain how the discipleship method can be applied at GKSI Agape Bajong as an effort to cultivate the spiritual awareness of the congregation and enhance their participation in worship.

This study explores the concepts of the visible and invisible Church using a qualitative approach with theological and historical methods. The invisible Church is understood as the true spiritual fellowship of all believers, known only to God, while the visible Church refers to the tangible institution that includes buildings, congregations, organizational structure, and leadership. Throughout Christian history, perspectives on the nature of the Church have varied—some emphasize its spiritual and universal aspects, while others focus on its organizational and institutional dimensions. Through the analysis of biblical passages such as Ephesians 1:22–23 and Colossians 1:18, along with theological insights and historical development, this study finds that a proper understanding of the Church must encompass both dimensions. Misinterpretation between these two concepts can lead to a limited understanding of the Church. The study affirms that the Church is not confined to formal institutions but is also the body of Christ comprising all true believers worldwide. By understanding the balance between the visible and invisible Church, Christians are encouraged to live in unity, strengthen their faith, and take an active and responsible role within church life. This understanding offers a broader perspective for living a more holistic and impactful faith life.

Teenagers at GKSI Sengkuang face similar struggles to teenagers in general. They are exposed to various influences that can weaken the foundations of their faith, such as unlimited access to social media, content that is not in line with Christian values, and relationships that are far from the principles of God's word. In situations like this, many teenagers experience confusion in determining who they are, what their purpose in life is, and how to live a life centered on Biblical values. Meanwhile, the research method uses qualitative by conducting direct observations, then the results of the observations will be processed into PKM articles, and supported by various literary sources such as journals, books, the Bible. The results of the research findings lie in the significant positive impact for GKSI Sengkuang youth. As well as, raising awareness of the dangers of identity crises, helping teenagers reflect on their self-worth in Christ, and growing their understanding of social pressures and the importance of church community.

Relationships with God and others are the most important things in a Christian's life. However, in practice, many GKSI Eklesia Kelempu congregations are not yet fully aware of or able to live up to this principle. They may be faithful in worship, but their relationship with God is only a formality, without deep appreciation. On the other hand, relationships with others are often characterized by conflict, prejudice, or lack of concern. This challenge is also exacerbated by the GKSI Eklesia Kelempu congregation's lack of understanding of the importance of building a balanced spiritual life. The research method uses qualitative, observation-based research by looking at phenomena that occur and carrying out activities directly. Next, collect data through feedback observations. And finally, after the observation data is collected, it will be processed into writing. The results of the findings of this research show positive changes in the spiritual life of the GKSI Eklesia Kelempu congregation, such as being more active in praying, attending worship services, and paying attention and helping each other.

This study aims to analyze the different types of characters in Agatha Christie's Mengungkit Murder. By adopting a qualitative approach and descriptive analysis method, this study identifies the characters in the novel and their roles and relationships in the storyline. The research data were obtained through literature study and text analysis, which were then analyzed using content analysis techniques. The results show that the characters in the novel not only serve as plot drivers, but also reflect broader themes, such as justice and betrayal. This research is expected to make a significant contribution to literary studies, especially in understanding characterization in Agatha Christie's works.

This study explores the intersection of sacred water rituals and ecological awareness, examining how religious practices related to water shape environmental virtues and promote water conservation efforts. Various religious traditions, including Islam, Christianity, Hinduism, and indigenous practices, treat water as a sacred resource, emphasizing its purity, sanctity, and the responsibility of humans to protect it. These rituals, such as Islamic ablution (wudhu), Christian baptism, and Hindu purification rites, not only serve spiritual purposes but also embody environmental ethics that encourage restraint, humility, and stewardship in the use of water. The study employs a comparative qualitative approach, integrating textual exegesis, ethnographic observations, and interviews with religious practitioners to analyze how different faith traditions frame water as sacred and how these frameworks translate into practical behaviors regarding water conservation. The findings reveal that religious water rituals contribute to an ecological self, fostering a deep respect for nature and a commitment to sustainable water use. However, challenges exist in reconciling traditional practices with modern water scarcity issues, especially in regions where water conservation is a critical concern. Despite these challenges, religious communities have the potential to leverage their ritual heritage to foster global awareness and action toward water conservation. Future research should explore interfaith collaborations in water conservation and investigate the impact of ritual practices on real-world water conservation behaviors. This study highlights the potential of sacred water rituals as powerful tools for promoting environmental stewardship and addressing global water challenges.

Religious moderation in Indonesia, especially in a pluralistic society, has diversity, ethnicity, race and culture. Thus, conflicts often occur in these differences, resulting in differences of opinion and not being able to accept opinions between religions, in the end there was the burning of houses of worship and such debates. With the context of religious moderation as Christians, it teaches about loving fellow human beings even though they have different beliefs. Therefore, researchers provide an overview and support for maintaining each other's good name, harmony and tolerance between religions in Indonesia. The method used is a qualitative and descriptive method with a library approach and collecting data regarding religious moderation, then analyzing and emphasizing arguments and then drawing conclusions as a result of the study conducted. The results of the discussion are where religious people must be humble, love each other even though they have different religions.

The Industrial Revolution 5.0 has a significant impact on social, economic, and cultural life, including religious practices. At the same time, the Antiquum Ministerium document issued by Pope Francis emphasizes the importance of the role of catechists in guiding the faithful towards a deeper understanding of the faith. Therefore, there needs to be an adjustment of catechesis methods and approaches in order to be able to answer the challenges and needs of today's generation who are familiar with technology. The purpose of this paper is to analyze how catechists can carry out and adapt their life callings in the context of the Industrial Revolution 5.0, as well as to identify the challenges they face in facing the changing times and develop effective strategies for Catholic faith education in the digital age. The method used in this study is a literature study. Literature study is a series of activities related to the method of collecting library data, reading and recording and processing research materials. Literature studies study various reference books as well as the results of previous research. Catechists have an important role to play in teaching and fostering the faith of the people, serving as an example that reflects the teachings of Christ, especially in the context of the Industrial Revolution 5.0 which emphasizes social welfare and the use of technology. In the midst of rapid change, they are expected to bridge the gap between faith and technology, leveraging digital advancements to achieve the catechesis mission. Thus, catechists not only contribute to the teaching of doctrine, but also become agents of change who spread the values of love and hope to society.

In recognition of the need for sustainable design philosophies and practices that can be incorporated into the design of new products with an environmentally sustainable perspective throughout the life cycle, this research used a scoping review approach to x-ray the utility of the Sustainable Value Framework (SVF) in enhancing the application of reinforced composite products for ecological efficiency. An extensive search was performed using the electronic databases of articles such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Semantic Scholar. The study selected and extracted data from the literature according to the PRISMA-SCR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews) to map the current literature for gaps in knowledge. The research studies show that SVF promotes the product design by incorporating characteristics such as environmental, economic, and social factors to attain optimal reduction of resources and sustainable uses of the environmental resources as well as improving the quality of the products. The study discussed the principles of sustainable value creation and their work evaluates new solutions of composite material selection, design method and technology for sustainable products. It also discusses policy drivers as well as industry and consumer practices with regards to reuse of surfaces in sustainable design. This study is beneficial to various stakeholders like the policymakers, the professionals in industries and construction, and the scholars.

This research aims to find out and analyze the legal protection of children in East Nusa Tenggara Province. This research is an empirical legal research using primary and secondary data collected using interview techniques , questionnaires, and literature studies and analyzed in a qualitative descriptive manner. The results of the study show that children in mainland Timor face various forms of interrelated violence, including physical violence that causes injury, psychological violence that damages mental health, sexual violence that causes deep trauma, and social violence in the form of neglect, hindering the fulfillment of children's basic rights, so the government needs to make preventive and repressive efforts in providing legal protection efforts.