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The halal pharmaceutical industry is experiencing significant growth as consumer awareness and demand for Sharia-compliant products continue to rise. This study conducted a bibliometric analysis to examine research trends, influential authors, and key themes related to halal pharmaceutical consumer behavior. Using a dataset of 103 articles retrieved from Google Scholar, the study applied bibliometric methods, including performance analysis and science mapping, to identify research patterns. The findings revealed an increasing number of publications over the years, highlighting the growing academic interest in this field. Keyword co-occurrence analysis indicates that topics such as halal certification, consumer trust, and regulatory compliance are central themes in the literature, while emerging areas such as digital marketing and supply chain transparency present new research opportunities. The co-authorship analysis suggests that collaboration among researchers remains limited, indicating the need for greater interdisciplinary cooperation. Highly cited papers in this domain provide foundational insights but also reveal gaps in understanding the psychological and cultural factors influencing consumer behavior. This study contributes to the academic discourse on halal pharmaceuticals by mapping the current research landscape and offering recommendations for future studies.

In the midst of the digital era filled with various information, the ability to sort and understand accurate information is very necessary so that students can better understand Islamic teachings. The service of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning assistance by improving students' critical thinking skills aims to explore effective learning methods in PAI subjects in order to improve the critical thinking skills of grade XI students at SMK Hayatul Islam. This study applies the assistance method, which includes the stages of observation and coordination, implementation, and evaluation and reflection. Based on the results of the service, it shows that the use of discussion-based methods, problem solving, and analysis of religious texts helps hone students' critical thinking skills. They become more active in conveying ideas and are able to connect religious concepts with everyday life. However, there are several obstacles found, such as students' difficulty in constructing logical arguments and time constraints in the learning process. Therefore, more intensive assistance from teachers and the application of more varied methods are needed so that PAI learning is more effective in developing students' critical thinking patterns.

This study examines the relationship between cultural heritage and syntactic evolution in multilingual societies, focusing on cross-generational language transmission. Employing a mixed-methods approach, it analyzes linguistic practices, cultural narratives, and syntactic patterns across three generational cohorts in five distinct multilingual communities. Findings reveal significant generational shifts, with elders preserving traditional syntax linked to cultural rituals, while younger cohorts exhibit syntactic simplifications and hybrid constructions influenced by dominant languages. Statistical analyses underscore the role of cultural practices in shaping linguistic patterns, highlighting the dynamic interplay between heritage preservation and linguistic innovation in contexts of societal bilingualism and intercultural interaction. The research demonstrates that syntactic changes correlate strongly with the frequency and depth of cultural engagement, with participants who actively participate in traditional practices showing greater retention of heritage language syntactic features. Furthermore, we identify specific linguistic mechanisms through which cultural transmission influences syntactic maintenance and innovation, including ritualized speech patterns, narrative structures, and metaphorical expressions embedded in cultural practices. This study contributes to theoretical understandings of language change by proposing a cultural-syntactic framework that helps explain the variable trajectories of heritage languages in diverse multilingual contexts.

Communication is the process of exchanging information, ideas, thoughts, and feelings between individuals or groups through the use of words, signs, or actions. This process can take place verbally or non-verbally and involves various media and channels, such as face-to-face conversations, writing, gestures, facial expressions, and digital technology. This research was conducted at STMIK Kaputama Binjai, namely the WhatsApp group between lecturers and students. This study uses the Support Vector Machine (SVM) method. SVM is a type of supervised learning machine learning that requires sample data. Support Vector Machine (SVM) is an algorithm developed by Boser, Guyon, and Vapnik in 1992. Support Vector Machine (SVM) has a concept that is combined with previous computational theories. This method can transform training data into higher dimensions using non-linear patterns. The results of the Support Vector Machine method classification with a total of 16 positive sentiments, 40 neutral sentiments and 71 negative sentiments. Accuracy value 67%, margin error 39%. Positive prediction precision 75%, neutral prediction precision 83% and negative prediction precision 88%..

This study investigates the interplay between linguistic relativity and cultural schemata, examining how language encodes culturally salient concepts and shapes cognitive frameworks across diverse communities. Through ethnographic and psycholinguistic approaches, the study collects data from 12 different language communities with varied cultural backgrounds. Cross-linguistic and cross-cultural analyses reveal significant correlations between linguistic structures—such as grammatical categories, lexical distinctions, and metaphorical expressions—and culturally specific schemata in spatial, temporal, and social domains. Perception and cognitive reasoning experiments were conducted with 450 participants to test linguistic relativity hypotheses in cultural contexts. Quantitative and qualitative findings demonstrate that linguistic patterns both reflect and reinforce cultural norms, influencing perception and cognitive strategies. Analysis of cultural text corpora shows how linguistic categories serve as vehicles for internalizing cultural values and worldviews. Specifically, the study finds systematic variations in spatial information processing, time conceptualization, and social event interpretation that correlate with language features of respective communities. These results underscore the co-constitutive relationship between language and culture in shaping human thought, providing important implications for cross-cultural education, intercultural communication, and cognitive theory.

This research is to find out a basic picture of the level of development Gross Motor Skill Activities  Grade IV students at SDN 6 Demuk, Pucanglaban District, Tulungagung Regency. Because this is another research, this research was carried out on a smaller scale at SDN 6 Demuk, Pucanglaban District, Tulungagung Regency. It is hoped that this research can serve as a guide for other researchers to conduct similar research at the national level. The reason for choosing elementary school students over preschool children is because elementary school students are easier to manage than preschool students. Thus, selecting younger and more beneficial primary school students. Gross Motor Skill Activities (GMSA) is a basic movement pattern to support more complex movements in sports and daily activities. Where elementary school age children, both PAUD, Kindergarten and Elementary School, really enjoy moving, whether playing sports or daily activities. In this research the author used a descriptive quantitative approach and research techniques used survey methods. Where all students will be evaluated with Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2). From a sample of 40 students consisting of 23 male students and 17 female students from 2 classes A and B. The following data was obtained: 23 male students obtained a percentage of 80.38%, 17 female students obtained a percentage of 80.14%, where these results can be categorized as very high for male students and high for female students. So it can be concluded that the level of development Gross Motor Skill Activities  class students at SDN 6 Demuk, Pucanglaban District, Tulungagung Regency for the 2023/2024 Academic Year can be said to be high.

The objective of this project is to develop cost-effective antenna systems. The study utilized AutoCAD 2006 for data analysis and visualization. This article provides a detailed examination of various antenna systems, including cable/wire, log-periodic, array, helical, and aperture antennas. The research also explores several parameters related to antenna systems, such as effective length, antenna gain and directivity, active aperture, bandwidth, polarization, input impedance, power gain, radiation efficiency, radiation pattern, and radiation intensity. The main goal is to identify the challenges in designing cost-effective antenna systems for reliable communication. These challenges include design issues, contract management difficulties, fluctuating material prices, inaccurate estimations, limited wireless communication technology, and financial constraints. The study examines a wavelength range from 16.7 to 120, corresponding to distances from 10,000 km to 120,000 km. The findings show that at a frequency of 600 MHz, a wavelength of 16.7 units covered a distance of 10,000 km. Similarly, at 750 MHz, a wavelength of 53.3 units covered 40,000 km, and at 850 MHz, a wavelength of 94.1 units spanned 80 km. At 1000 MHz, a wavelength of 120 units covered 120,000 km. This study offers valuable insights into the design of cost-effective antenna systems and provides an understanding of the factors that influence their performance in practical communication scenarios.  

The school's fifth-grade kids receive jumputan batik instruction with the goal of enhancing both their creative abilities and extracurricular accomplishments. One batik-making technique that makes use of the tie-dye procedure is jumputan batik. Jumputan batik is made by tying thread in specific areas of the material and then dipping it in dye to create a unique design. In order to ensure that activities may be carried out efficiently and have the greatest possible influence on students' development, the process of carrying out this community service is structured from planning to evaluation. As a result, kids are able to freely and creatively express themselves through art-related activities. Students can make their own designs and patterns when making jumputan batik, which promotes original and creative thinking. The ability to create original designs is made possible by the jumputan batik process, which incorporates tie-dye elements. Pupils can use their imagination to create motifs, patterns, and color combinations that represent their own personalities and concepts. Students' critical and creative thinking abilities are greatly enhanced by this creative process. According to the findings, students now possess much greater creativity, self-confidence, discipline, and teamwork. In addition to teaching pupils traditional batik techniques, this instruction aids in the development of social and character traits that will benefit them greatly throughout their life. It is anticipated that by exposing more students to Indonesian art and culture, this instruction would be expanded and perpetuated. It is anticipated that by exposing more students to Indonesian art and culture, this instruction would be expanded and perpetuated.

The rapid advancement of digital technology has transformed marketing strategies in various industries, including insurance. Digital marketing plays a crucial role in increasing brand awareness, attracting potential customers, and influencing purchasing decisions. This study aims to explore the role of digital marketing as a promotional tool in enhancing the purchase of insurance products at PT. Asuransi Allianz Life Indonesia using a qualitative approach.This research adopts a qualitative methodology with a case study approach. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews with key informants (Chief Account Officer Allianz) and insurance agents at Allianz Life Indonesia. Additionally, document analysis and observations of the company’s digital marketing strategies were used to gain comprehensive insights. The collected data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify patterns and key themes related to the effectiveness of digital marketing in influencing customer decisions.The findings reveal that digital marketing plays a significant role in shaping customer perceptions and purchasing decisions. Social media engagement, personalized content, and interactive customer communication are key factors in building trust and increasing customer interest in insurance products. Moreover, challenges such as digital competition, data privacy concerns, and customer skepticism towards online promotions were identified as barriers that need to be addressed to enhance digital marketing effectiveness.The study implies that insurance companies should continuously adapt their digital marketing strategies by leveraging data analytics, improving customer interaction, and providing transparent and informative content. By strengthening these aspects, digital marketing can serve as a powerful tool to enhance competitiveness and sustain growth in the insurance industry within the digital era.

Diabetes mellitus is disease chronic many​ occurs throughout the world. Prevalence disease this Keep going increased, with 8.5% of adults (equivalent to with 422 million people) suffering from Diabetes Mellitus at the global level. Research this aiming for identify management health of Diabetes Mellitus patients in the work area Health Center Meskom. Research this use method studies case with design descriptive. Research results show that 8 respondents (40%) did activity sports, while 12 respondents (60%) did not exercise. As many as 7 respondents (35%) routinely monitor blood sugar levels, while 13 respondents (65%) did not do monitoring. Respondents who regulate pattern Eat totaling 9 people (45%), while 11 respondents (55%) did not arrange pattern eating. As for 8 respondents (40%) running management health, while 12 respondents (60%) did not do it. Management health in Diabetes Mellitus patients aiming For control blood sugar levels, preventing complications term length, and increase quality life patient. Output study this designed in form article scientific. Research results show that good blood sugar control, including​ monitoring level glucose regularly, can lower risk complications like retinopathy, neuropathy, and disease cardiovascular. Optimal management involves combination use drugs, patterns controlled eating, as well as sport in a way regular.

Stunting is a health problem that is still a concern in Indonesia, including in Panton Village, Nisam District, North Aceh. This village has a fairly high stunting rate, influenced by various factors such as exclusive breastfeeding, maternal knowledge, and family support. This study aims to analyze the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding, maternal knowledge, and family support on the incidence of stunting in Panton Village. The study used an observational analytical design with a cross-sectional approach and involved 30 respondents selected by purposive sampling. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using the chi-square test with a significance level of 0.05. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of stunting (p = 0.003). In addition, maternal knowledge was also related to the incidence of stunting (p = 0.005). Family support also had a significant relationship to the incidence of stunting (p = 0.001). In conclusion, exclusive breastfeeding, maternal knowledge, and family support play an important role in preventing stunting. Therefore, it is suggested to health workers, especially the health promotion and nutrition division, to improve education for mothers and families regarding the importance of exclusive breastfeeding, balanced nutrition, and parenting patterns that support optimal child growth.

The creation of batik outerwear combines three techniques: hand-drawn batik (batik tulis), shibori, and ecoprint, to produce designs that are both functional and aesthetically rich, while promoting local cultural identity. The process follows the Art Creation Methodology, consisting of four stages: exploration, experimentation, realization, and evaluation. In the exploration phase, the techniques used are studied, and how their combination can create unique motifs. This phase also includes an in-depth understanding of the history and philosophy of each technique, ensuring a strong foundation for their application in the design of the outerwear.In the experimentation phase, various patterns, colors, and compositions are tested to determine the best combination of the three techniques. This stage involves creating several design samples to test the harmony between hand-drawn batik, the visually appealing folds of shibori, and the natural impressions left by ecoprint leaves. Then, in the realization stage, the batik outerwear is completed by integrating these elements into a cohesive design. The techniques of batik tulis, shibori, and ecoprint work together to create rich textures and motifs.In the evaluation phase, the aesthetic and functional quality of the final product is assessed. The final result demonstrates that combining these techniques not only creates unique designs but also adds value in terms of beauty and sustainability, while supporting the preservation of local culture through innovation in batik art.

In the art and science of dermatology, ridge patterns and surface markings are studied on the finger’s skin, palm, foot toes, and soles. It is helpful for research into illnesses that may have a hereditary component. Dermatoglyphics has developed into a practical instrument in the fields of biology, anthropology, genetics, medicine, and dentistry over the past few centuries. The state of medical dermatoglyphics today is such that different systemic illnesses are linked to fingerprint patterns. Breast cancer, smokeing tobacco, bronchial asthma, diabetes mellitus, and several others were maintained. The sophisticated and contemporary uses of dermatoglyphics in the diagnosis of various oral, systemic, and dental conditions are covered in this article. It also emphasizes how beneficial dermatoglyphics is as a medical diagnostic tool for a variety of systemic illnesses. An approach to investigating the genetic relationships of oral, craniofacial, and systemic illnesses that is easily accessible, affordable, practical, trustworthy, and noninvasive is dermatoglyphics. Therefore, dermatoglyphics is a great tool for screening the population for numerous medical and dental conditions in addition to providing personal identification.

Language skills are one of the key aspects in children's cognitive and social development. The family environment, as the first and primary environment for children, plays an important role in shaping language habits, enriching vocabulary, and developing children's communication skills. This study aims to explore the influence of the family environment on children's language development, focusing on interactions between parents and children, reading habits, and emotional support in the family. The research method used was a qualitative approach with in-depth interview techniques involving parents as research subjects. The results revealed that a communicative and supportive family environment is the main basis for children in learning language. Habits such as inviting children to talk, reading books together, and providing emotional support are the main factors that influence children's language development. In the midst of the digital era, parents need to be smart in utilizing technology, by limiting the use of gadgets and prioritizing direct interaction. Consistent communication patterns and special activities such as reading together or role-playing have also proven to be very effective in supporting children's language development. Although there are challenges such as time constraints and children's interest in gadgets, parents can overcome them with creativity and patience. This study provides practical advice for parents in creating a family environment that supports children's language development.

Language skills are one of the key aspects in children's cognitive and social development. The family environment, as the first and primary environment for children, plays an important role in shaping language habits, enriching vocabulary, and developing children's communication skills. This study aims to explore the influence of the family environment on children's language development, focusing on interactions between parents and children, reading habits, and emotional support in the family. The research method used was a qualitative approach with in-depth interview techniques involving parents as research subjects. The results revealed that a communicative and supportive family environment is the main basis for children in learning language. Habits such as inviting children to talk, reading books together, and providing emotional support are the main factors that influence children's language development. In the midst of the digital era, parents need to be smart in utilizing technology, by limiting the use of gadgets and prioritizing direct interaction. Consistent communication patterns and special activities such as reading together or role-playing have also proven to be very effective in supporting children's language development. Although there are challenges such as time constraints and children's interest in gadgets, parents can overcome them with creativity and patience. This study provides practical advice for parents in creating a family environment that supports children's language development.

Background: When someone falls, they quickly lay down or sit down on the ground or floor, whether they are aware of it or not.  Many older people experience falling as a normal part of getting older.  One in three older people will fall at least once a year, and half of those people have fallen more than once in the past.  There are many things that can make an older person more likely to fall. These include sociodemographic factors like age, gender, and socioeconomic status, physiological factors like neuromuscular, musculoskeletal, visual, vestibular, proprioceptive, biomechanical, muscle strength, balance, and gait pattern, medical conditions (pathological), environment, and psychological factors.  Aminia et al. (2022) say that anxiety and fear of falling are mental disorders that happen to older people.  Mhetod: A pre-experimental research design with a one-group pretest and post-test design, a purposive sampling technique, and 14 people who filled out an observation sheet.  Findings: This research shows that there is a link between older people's body balance and their risk of falling.  A P value of 0.000, which is less than 0.05, was found in the study used Gamma correlation.  Because the 0.000 P number is less than 0.05, there is a link. Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between body balance and the risk of falling in the elderly at the Pucang  

This study analyzes the role of i'rab in translating mubtada’-khobar and fi’il-fa’il structures from Arabic into Indonesian. Using a qualitative approach and descriptive analysis, this research examines how i'rab, as a system of final vowel changes in Arabic, influences grammatical and semantic functions in the translation process. The theoretical review focuses on the concept of i'rab according to Ibn Ajurrum and Eugene Nida's dynamic equivalence theory, which emphasizes the importance of accurately transferring meaning and grammatical structure. The literature review method involves collecting, analyzing, and synthesizing sources from classical Arabic grammar books, previous research, and modern translation theories. The data is analyzed comparatively to identify effective translation patterns in adapting Arabic syntactic structures into Indonesian. The findings indicate that a deep understanding of i'rab plays a crucial role in translation, especially since Indonesian does not have a similar system. To convey the grammatical information embedded in i'rab, translators must adjust word order, use pronouns, or adapt sentence structures. This article provides new insights into how i'rab affects Arabic-Indonesian translation and its implications for improving translation skills.

Attachment is a form of mutually beneficial emotional relationship between mother and baby. There is poor attachment caused by inappropriate parenting patterns from parents. Good parenting patterns can stimulate spiritual, intellectual, emotional, moral, and social development, so that infant growth can run optimally. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between maternal attachment and infant growth and development in the work area of the Cabean Village Health Center. This study is quantitative, with a descriptive analysis approach and using a cross-sectional method. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires. There were 139 respondents taken using the total sampling method. The analysis used was the Gamma test. From the analysis of respondent data, it was found that there were an average of 85 male babies. The majority of mothers' ages were in the range of 26-35 years with a percentage of 56.8%, and multiparity parity reached 61.9%. Most of them had education up to junior high school level as much as 42.4%, and most worked as housewives with a percentage of 66.2%. The results of the gamma test showed that there was a relationship between maternal attachment and infant growth and development, where maternal attachment to infant growth had a p-value (BB = 0.000, PB = 0.001), while attachment to infant development showed a p-value (0.000) with (OR = 0.555 and 0.613 CI = 0.726). This means that there is a significant relationship between maternal attachment and infant growth and development in the work area of the Cabean Village Health Center (p-value <0.05).

Education is widely recognized as a crucial investment with significant economic and social benefits. This study employs a bibliometric approach to analyze trends, influential works, and research patterns related to Return on Education (RoE). Using Google Scholar as the primary data source, publication metadata were retrieved and analyzed with VOSviewer to visualize co-authorship networks, keyword co-occurrences, and citation relationships. The findings indicate an increasing research focus on RoE, particularly in areas concerning economic returns, labor market alignment, and educational policy optimization. The keyword analysis highlights the importance of skill development, policy adaptation, and industry collaboration in maximizing educational returns. Additionally, citation network analysis reveals the most influential studies shaping this field. Despite its contributions, this study acknowledges limitations in data completeness due to Google Scholar’s metadata constraints. The insights derived from this analysis provide valuable guidance for policymakers, educators, and researchers in enhancing the effectiveness of educational investments.

.The process of independence in early childhood is crucial for their development, especially in Kindergarten (TK) environments. However, the phenomenon of sibling rivalry often affects this development. This study aims to examine the relationship between sibling rivalry and independence development in early childhood at TK Islam Sultan Agung 4 Semarang. This study employed a quantitative design with a cross-sectional approach, and a sample was taken using total sampling techniques involving 74 respondents. Instruments were used to measure sibling rivalry and independence development. Data analysis was performed through univariate and bivariate analysis with Somers' d test. The results showed that the majority of respondents were male (42 people) and most were 5 years old. In addition, 61 respondents experienced high levels of sibling rivalry, while 44 respondents showed low levels of independence. Bivariate testing produced a ρ-Value of 0.413, indicating no significant relationship between sibling rivalry and independence development, with an r-value of -0.119 indicating a very weak relationship. These findings indicate that other factors, such as limited sampling, parental upbringing patterns, socio-economic conditions, and environmental influences, may also influence the results. Therefore, further research with a larger sample and considering external factors is recommended to obtain more comprehensive results.