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This study aims to elucidate the cultural significance embedded within the culinary lexicon of the Tanjung Balai community. Leveraging the frameworks of ecolinguistics and cognitive anthropology, this research interprets the cultural values inherent in culinary lexicon. Through analysis, it was deduced that the Tanjung Balai culinary culture embodies multifaceted functions, encompassing cultural, social, and health dimensions. The cultural function serves to delineate the identity and distinctiveness of the community. Socially, it fosters notions of camaraderie, familial bonds, neighborhood cohesion, industriousness, environmental stewardship, etiquette, resilience, optimism, collaborative spirit, and unity. Additionally, the health function ascribes medicinal properties to ingredients, believed to promote well-being such as lactation, cardiovascular health, and overall bodily wellness. Furthermore, these culinary elements are purported to remedy various ailments including stomach ailments, cholesterol issues, stiffness, dental discomfort, and asthma.

This research aims to explain the meaning that can be obtained from the Lega Mitan Traditional Ceremony in Habi Village and identify to the function of the Lega Mitan Traditional Ceremony in Habi Village. The researcher used qualitative method. Data collection techniques used in this research are observation, interview and documentation. The data analysis techniques used by Miles and Huberman in the book Sugiyono (2018) models. In the results there are the function of the Lega Mitan traditional ceremony, especially Habi Village, is as a form of respect for people who have died. The ceremony functions so that the soul of the deceased is more peaceful in the afterlife. The Lega Mitan ceremony is a ceremony that signifies that the grieving period is over. It is called blatan bliran, blatan means cold, bliran means freshness for the two people accompanying the corpse. The values that we can take in carrying out the traditional Lega Mitan ceremony are human values and mutual cooperation.

This research aims to explain the meaning that can be obtained from the Lega Mitan Traditional Ceremony in Habi Village and identify to the function of the Lega Mitan Traditional Ceremony in Habi Village. The researcher used qualitative method. Data collection techniques used in this research are observation, interview and documentation. The data analysis techniques used by Miles and Huberman in the book Sugiyono (2018) models. In the results there are the function of the Lega Mitan traditional ceremony, especially Habi Village, is as a form of respect for people who have died. The ceremony functions so that the soul of the deceased is more peaceful in the afterlife. The Lega Mitan ceremony is a ceremony that signifies that the grieving period is over. It is called blatan bliran, blatan means cold, bliran means freshness for the two people accompanying the corpse. The values that we can take in carrying out the traditional Lega Mitan ceremony are human values and mutual cooperation.

The purpose of this study is the obstacles to law enforcement against perpetrators of criminal acts of theft of cultural heritage objects in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara. This research is an empirical juridical research that examines a legal event that occurs through a statute cause approach. Data collection is carried out with two events, namely interviews and document studies. The data obtained is then presented descriptively qualitative. The results showed that the obstacles experienced by the community and law enforcement officials are: the absence of reports to the police and coordination with other stakeholders; the caretaker's mistake in understanding evidence; stakeholders who observe cultural heritage have not functioned optimally; and there is no PPNS cultural heritage in NTT. Prevention efforts taken in the form of prevention include: organizing cultural heritage promotion and counseling campaigns; providing training or technical guidance to all cultural heritage caretakers in NTT; the government supports the presence of the Cultural Preservation Agency (BPK); and collaborating with stakeholders. Law enforcement against criminal acts of theft of cultural heritage objects is still not optimal. Therefore, suggestions for the results of this study are the socialization of cultural heritage protection and cultural heritage laws comprehensively.  All stakeholders must be more adaptive and responsive. BPK needs to cooperate with local governments and related institutions to draft a special regulation or law governing the establishment of a special agency for the supervision of cultural heritage sites. Make a government regulation regarding the establishment of a special cultural heritage police.     

As part of the final project for the Independent Study Certified Campus Merdeka program, we developed a prototype of the Any.do application through a redesign effort by applying the Design Thinking methodology. This project integrated various aspects of sustainable design into the User Interface (UI) and User Experience (UX), aligning them with user needs as well as environmentally-conscious business objectives. The primary aim of this final project was to explain the features and functionalities of the application that can contribute positively to environmental sustainability and create a more intuitive and user-friendly UI/UX experience. The evaluation results demonstrated positive feedback from users regarding the design improvements and the overall enhanced quality of the application experience.

Red rose (Rosa damascena Mill) is one of the plant that can be easily found in Indonesia. The corolla of red roses contains natural dyes, namely anthocyanins which can be used as food coloring and the function as antioxidants or counteract free radicals. The corrola of red roses is used as a raw material in distillation of rose water. Rose water distillation poduces is a dark red liquid. This liquid waste has not been utilized optimally. Therefore, that further research is needed to determine the chemical content in it. So that the expected outcome of this research is the best chemical and sensory analysis of red rose water distillation waste based on it's antioxidant activity. The research design used a 2 factor factorial completely randomized design (CRD). The first factor is the variation of the distillation method while the second factor is the heating temperature of the red rose water waste (heated waste). The optimal treatment result was a combination of steam distillation method variations and 70°C heating temperature with following results obtained : 77,32% RSH DPPH, 61,02% FRAP value, 71,20 mg/g vitamin C, 4,58 mg  total phenol.GAE/ g, pH 4,15, anthocyanin 121,93 mg/g, brightness 27,23 (*L), red-green chromatic 7,13 (*a), blue-yellow chromatic 7,54 (*b). Sensory analysis of color was 4.36 (deep red), other scents were 2.47 (slightly sour), rose aroma was 3.64 (strong), and overall preference was 3.75 (liked).

Today's people tend to consume healthy food, for example, functional food. Functional foods from fermented milk products which contain many bioactive compounds include yogurt, kefir, and cheese. The nutritional value of this product can be further increased through fortification of various types of tea. This research aims to summarize results related to the fortification of various types of tea in yogurt, kefir, and cheese products as a functional food innovation based on fermented milk. Based on various research, tea fortification in fermented milk products can increase the functional value of the product. Fortification of green tea, oolong tea, white tea, and black tea as much as 0.5 – 4% has been proven to increase the total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, antimicrobial and LAB growth as well as produce better color, texture, and sensory properties of yogurt. Green tea and black tea fortification of 1 – 4% is also believed to produce kefir with better antimicrobial and antioxidant activity and has a lower calorific value than products without tea fortification. Cheese with green tea or orthodox black tea fortification of 0.1 – 2% or 2 g/kg has been proven to be able to enrich polyphenolic compounds up to 2 times, and the antiradical activity of the cheese is up to 44%, and the antioxidant activity of the cheese is 14% higher than the control. Based on the research that has been carried out, it is believed that the fortification of various types of tea in yogurt, kefir, and cheese products can be an innovation in the development of functional food which can have a better impact on body health.

Corruption is a problem that needs to be taken seriously and is a legal issue in every country in the world, including Indonesia. The disease of corruption is increasingly rampant. The seriousness of the government in overcoming criminal acts of corruption is the establishment of Law Number 31 of 1999 as amended by Law Number 20 of 2001 concerning Eradication of Corruption Crimes. The formulation of the problem discussed in writing this thesis is Regarding the Application of the Criminal Act of Assistance in corruption. The research method used in writing this thesis is a research method carried out with a Normative Juridical Approach, namely Legal Principles and referring to Legal Norms contained in the library research method (library research), namely conducting research using data from various reading sources such as Laws - Invitations, books, magazines and the internet which are considered relevant to the problems that the author will discuss in this thesis. The assistance of corruption crimes committed by Widjokongko Puspoyo who helped Widjanarko Puspoyo receive gifts from Bulog partners caused Widjokongko Puspoyo to be punished for violating Article 11 Law No. 20 of 2001 concerning changes to Law no. 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption in conjunction with Article 15 of Law no. 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Corruption in conjunction with Article 56 1 of the Criminal Code. Assistance in Corruption Crimes is regulated in Article 15 of Law No. 31 of 1999, in this article it states that the act of assisting corruption will be punished the same as the perpetrators of corruption in accordance with the provisions in Law No. 31 of 1999 as has been amended by Law No. 20 of 2001 concerning the Eradication of Corruption Crimes. In Article 15 Criminal Responsibility for Assistance Crimes in corruption cases is seen from the extent to which the act of assisting the Corruption Crime was carried out. In determining the amount of punishment for the assistant to the criminal act of corruption, it can be seen from the articles violated by the assistant to the criminal act of corruption      

A directive speech act is one of the types of speech acts intended by the speaker so that the speech partner takes action according to what is stated in his speech. The main problems in this study are (1) what are the directive speech acts contained in the learning videos on the Indonesian MKU playlist from the UNNES TV channel? And (2) what is the function of the directive speech act contained in the video. This study aims to determine the types of directive speech acts and their functions in learning videos on the Indonesian MKU playlist from the UNNES TV channel. This type of research includes qualitative descriptive research designed through data analysis research with qualitative methods which aims to describe and provide information about the problem under study by collecting data through documentation techniques. The results showed that there were four types of directive speech acts in the Indonesian MKU learning video, namely (1) direct speech acts with imperative mode, asking, soliciting, compulsion, request or request, asking and commanding; (2) Indirect speech acts with the mode of suggesting, asking, and requesting; (3) The literal speech act contains the same meaning and purpose of the speech; (4) Non-literal speech acts contain speech intentions that are different from the meaning or what is conveyed by the speaker to the speech partner. The directive speech act functions contained in the Indonesian MKU learning video include; (1) pleading, (2) asking, (3) suggesting, (4) ordering, and (5) inviting.

This research aims to examine illocutionary speech acts in the text of the speech "Inauguration of Professor at the Faculty of Engineering, Tarumanagara University by Tri Harso Karyono" . A descriptive qualitative approach with content analysis method was used as the research method . Data collection is carried out by recording and marking important points which will later be used as analysis material . The research results show that in speech texts, speakers use a lot of speech that leads to illocutionary speech acts. Four types of illocutionary speech acts are found in it. Namely assertive or representative, expressive, directive and declarative illocutionary speech acts . In this research, the function or use of illocutionary speech acts and speaker strategies will be described which makes the current research different from previous research . Even though there is already a lot of research out there that examines illocutionary speech acts , the author hopes that the research carried out this time can provide benefits for the development of pragmatics and broaden readers' horizons . Not only that, it is hoped that this study will also provide benefits to the general public and students majoring in Indonesian.    

Chronic kidney disease is defined as kidney damage that lasts for a long time (chronic) and is characterized by a decrease in the ability of the kidneys to filter blood (Glomerular Filtration Rate/GFR). Patients with CKD often experience no symptoms or signs, until less than 15% of their kidney function remains. Since its early stages, CKD is closely related to the emergence of various complications, such as anemia, bone disease, etc. Hemodialysis is not a therapy to cure or restore kidney function, but it can prevent death more quickly in chronic kidney disease sufferers. The kidneys will still lose their ability for metabolic or endocrine activity so that patients with kidney failure must regularly undergo hemodialysis therapy obediently, which has an impact on the patient's quality of life. The aim is to implement nursing care for clients with chronic kidney failure on hemodialysis using diet education and exercise in the Tanjung Rejo Community Health Center UPT Work Area in 2023. This research uses a case study approach. Participant 2 was a kidney failure patient on hemodialysis at the Tanjung Rejo Community Health Center UPT. Data collection using interviews, observation and physical examination, documentation study and literature study. The instrument used in this research was a SGA form. After the data was collected, data analysis was carried out using the nursing process. The intervention provided diet education and diet training, then an evaluation was carried out. On the 3rd day after the evaluation the problem was resolved. The evaluation results show that nursing interventions providing diet education and diet training are very effective in maintaining the body condition of chronic kidney failure patients on hemodialysis. Conclusions and suggestions require efforts to involve the client's family to implement diet education with diet training so as not to worsen the disease they suffer from and can improve their quality of life.

The diversity in societal exercise preferences has increased significantly, with fitness emerging as a favored modern activity, particularly in urban areas of Indonesia. Fitness is valued for its effectiveness in restoring body fitness and achieving ideal body shapes swiftly. However, in the era of Industry 4.0, technological advancements have revolutionized the approach to fitness. Smartphone fitness applications have replaced the role of personal trainers by providing tailored exercise and dietary programs. User Interface (UI) plays a pivotal role in fitness applications, influencing User Experience (UX). The challenge lies in designing UI to accommodate user heterogeneity, both internally and externally. Adaptive UI emerges as a solution, capable of altering layout and content according to user characteristics. Kernwerk® Functional Fitness exemplifies a fitness application utilizing AI to optimize fitness routines. To enhance Kernwerk's UI adaptability, UX evaluation is conducted using UEQ+ modular extension, a comprehensive instrument for effectively and efficiently measuring user experience. Through this evaluation, components of UI and UX requiring further development to enhance Kernwerk's adaptability can be identified.

The advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology has significantly influenced guidance and counseling services, particularly through the use of chatbots, e-counseling, and digital-based psychological analysis systems. This study aims to analyze the collaboration between AI technology and counselors’ interpersonal skills within the context of Islamic counseling. The research employed a qualitative approach using a library research method. Data sources were obtained from various relevant journals and scientific articles accessed through Google Scholar. Documentation techniques were applied for data collection, while the data were analyzed using descriptive-analytical and thematic approaches. The findings reveal that AI can enhance counseling services through greater efficiency, effectiveness, and accessibility without limitations of time and place. In addition, AI assists counselors in managing data, identifying clients’ problems, and providing quick initial responses. Nevertheless, AI cannot fully replace the role of counselors because it still lacks the ability to deeply understand empathy, build interpersonal relationships, provide emotional support, and comprehend spiritual values that are essential in Islamic counseling. Therefore, the implementation of hybrid counseling, which combines AI technology with human counselors, is considered more appropriate. In this model, AI functions as a supporting tool or co-counselor, while counselors continue to play the primary role in establishing therapeutic, humanistic, and religious relationships with clients. This study emphasizes that the integration of AI technology and counselors’ interpersonal skills is an important strategy in creating modern, effective, and human-oriented counseling services.

Yoghurt drink is a product obtained from fermentation of milk by certain lactic acid bacteria. The aim of this research was to determine how the inoculation time of the indigenous probiotic bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum Dad-13 influences the physicochemical and organoleptic properties of functional plain yoghurt probiotic drink products. This research used an experimental method with a completely randomized design with a single factor, 4 treatments and 3 replications. Reaserch data were analyzed using diversity analysis and Duncan's multiple distance test at a significance level of 5% using SPSS and Minitab 17 software. The results showed that the use of probiotic bacteria significantly affected on viscosity, color L*, color a*, color b*,  °HUE, pH, total dissolved solid, and fat content, but did not significantly influenced on protein content. The use of probiotics as a starter in yoghurt drinks increased viscosity, color brightness, pH and fat content, and have a lower total dissolved solid. The best treatment in this study was joint-inoculation who had viscosity 290,67 mPa.s; color L* 89,46; color a* 2,92; color b* 1,61; °HUE 29,47; pH 5,00; total dissolved solid 16,67 °brix; fat content 2,34 %; and protein content 4,12%. For the scoring test, this treatment has a non-sour taste; the aroma is slightly sour; Slightly thick texture and homogeneous consistency. Meanwhile, the hedonic test has a neutral taste, aroma and texture as well as a color, appearance and consistency were quite liked by the panelists.

This article examines the semantic meaning in the Prajñāpāramitā Hṛdaya Sūtra (Heart Sūtra), one of the important sūtras in the Mahāyāna Buddhist tradition. Using a qualitative approach, this article integrates semantic and hermeneutical theories to understand the structure of meaning, symbolism, and interpretation contained in the text. The analysis focuses on key words such as śūnyatā (emptiness), negation structures, and closing mantras as symbolic forms towards enlightenment. The study employs close reading methodology combined with semantic field theory, polysemy analysis, and apophatic language frameworks. The results show that a semantic approach deepens the understanding of Buddha's teachings and their relevance in spiritual practice. This article also highlights how meaning in the text is not only linguistic, but also existential and contemplative, demonstrating that religious language in Mahāyāna functions as metalanguage pointing beyond conceptual understanding.

The law of kamma is a core Buddhist doctrine explaining moral causality grounded in intentional action (cetana). Amid contemporary moral challenges dishonesty, aggression, low self-control, and weakened character education Buddhist moral education requires an internal basis that is both ethically clear and psychologically workable. This article examines how understanding kamma functions as a conceptual foundation for moral transformation, self-regulation, and behavioral improvement in Buddhist character education. Using a qualitative literature review, the study synthesizes canonical teachings and peer‑reviewed research in Buddhist ethics and moral psychology. Findings indicate that a non‑fatalistic understanding of kamma strengthens moral awareness, personal responsibility, reflective judgment, shame and moral dread (hiri–ottappa), and sustained self‑control. Integrating kamma within character education supports disciplined conduct (sīla), mindfulness‑based self‑management, and prosocial behavior that remains stable across contexts.

This study critically examines the semantic and symbolic depth of khanti (patience or forbearance) as expressed in Dhammapada verse 184: “Forbearance is the supreme ascetic practice (khanti parama tapo titikkhā), Nibbāna is supreme.” Through a qualitative hermeneutic approach that integrates classical semantics, modern linguistics, and Gadamerian interpretation, khanti is reinterpreted not merely as passive tolerance, but as an active moral and spiritual strategy within Buddhist ethical thought. The findings show that khanti functions as a multi-layered sign linguistically rich, symbolically resonant, and culturally embedded supporting inner transformation and ethical agency. In the Indonesian Buddhist context, khanti is reframed as a pedagogical and communicative tool for cultivating resilience, conflict resolution, and ethical leadership. This research contributes to interdisciplinary discourse on moral education and religious communication by emphasizing the strategic potential of Buddhist ethical concepts in contemporary society.

To avoid the risk of accidents and improve work safety in the work environment, every transport company must comply with applicable regulations in accordance with the regulations of related agencies or authorized entities. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which the management system (K3) has been implemented in the company PT. Multi Jaya Samudera Belawan. Thus the company hopes that the risk of work accidents in the company can be prevented so as not to cause losses or accidents. In analyzing and explaining the application of Occupational Safety and Health Management System (SMK3) in improving work safety at PT Multi Jaya Samudera Belawan, the method used in this study is field research and library research. The results of the study that the application of the Health Management System, Occupational Safety (K3) in improving occupational safety at PT. Multi Jaya Samudera Belawan has not been running optimally which is marked by the existence of several staff in this company who do not use PPE in carrying out their work. PT. Multi Jaya Samudera only declared K3 commitment orally, so that the K3 organization in writing has not been formed. For this reason, a written commitment is needed in the application of K3 at PT. Multi Jaya Samudera Belawan to immediately form a responsible K3 organization and its function can be carried out well to reduce disease and work accidents, so that it is expected to be a reference for work safety management systems.

The level of awareness Indonesian society regarding mental health, especially among teenagers, is still minimal, therefore lecturer and students from Faculty of Communication Sciences, University of Indonesia Maju provide education regarding how to maintain mental health for students at SMA PGRI 3 Jakarta. Mental health is a form of true balance of mental functions and the creation of adjustment between humans, themselves and their surrounding environtment. The method used in this community service is the lecture and discussion method. The results of community service activities for educational participants regarding interpersonal communication approaches in maintaining the mental health of SMA PGRI 3 Jakarta students begin to open up and increase their knowledge regarding maintaining mental health. These result were obtained from the evaluation form filled in by participants and observations during the discussion process.

Brebeg Village has great potential for producing Siamese oranges. Large areas of land have the productivity to produce more oranges, oranges can be harvested on average 18 tons per year. The large potential of orange fruit can improve the economy of orange farmers, the government Department of Agriculture provides assistance in the form of training on the care and rejuvenation of orange trees as well as providing training on processing orange fruit products in collaboration with UNAIC. The problems faced by Gapoktan are a lack of knowledge regarding planting oranges, an irregular irrigation system. The problems faced by KWT are lack of knowledge regarding orange-based products, product management and marketing. The method used is coordinating with all partners, providing knowledge and skills in creating orange cultivation facilities and orange-based food processing, implementing and evaluating activities. The results of Kosabangsa's research are able to provide benefits for community empowerment in this case, namely improving the economy through empowering Siamese orange farmer groups to become functional food-based processed products in Brebeg Village, Jeruklegi District, Cilacap Regency.