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Cockroaches are common pests found in urban environments and can pose a serious threat to human health. This study aims to examine the health impacts caused by cockroaches, including allergies, asthma, and infectious diseases. Through a literature review and epidemiological data analysis, the research finds that cockroaches can cause allergies and exacerbate asthma symptoms through allergens present on their bodies and excrement. Additionally, cockroaches have the potential to act as vectors for infectious diseases such as salmonellosis and gastroenteritis by spreading pathogenic bacteria. The findings of this study indicate that cockroach infestations are a significant health issue and require special attention in pest control efforts and public education. Implementing integrated pest management strategies and improving environmental cleanliness are expected to reduce the health risks posed by cockroaches.    

In the field of education or within the scope of school facilities and infrastructure management is an important factor in creating an ideal and effective learning environment for students at school. With the planning, procurement, organization, use, and elimination of educational facilities and infrastructure, all these aspects are interrelated and affect each other. This procedure needs to be done carefully and precisely in order to create efficient and effective conditions within the school environment. Facilities and infrastructure in its implementation will be a good resource for students and teachers if managed properly will have a positive impact on both parties to create an attractive learning environment and increase student success. This study aims to determine how the management of facilities and infrastructure carried out by the school in SMAS Pertiwi Medan, whether the facilities and infrastructure in the school meet the criteria for good management of educational facilities and infrastructure. The method in this study uses qualitative research methods. From the results of the study, researchers found that in the management of facilities and infrastructure at SMAS Pertiwi Medan school has been adequate to be categorized as a school that has effective and good management of facilities and infrastructure for students in the school.This can be seen from the results of observations made by researchers in terms of existing buildings in the school, complete classrooms, libraries, laboratories, sports halls, and can be seen in areas outside the school such as vehicle parking facilities and also school canteens, this can increase student learning motivation by having adequate facilities and infrastructure for learning in SMAS Pertiwi Medan.

Efforts to improve the quality of learning in schools are a form of challenge that educators must have experienced. One of the main factors that has quite an influence on the quality of learning is the strategy in carrying out classroom management which is still felt to be ineffective. This research aims to identify the difficulties of teaching staff or teachers in classroom management at MIS SEROJA DUA SEI ROTAN. The research method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative research approach. The problem of difficulties in managing classroom management will be an area of ​​our work to be able to dig up information regarding problem analysis and also provide appropriate solutions to the root of the problem. The research results show that implementing effective classroom management strategies helps provide a positive impact on learning. This research offers important implications for teachers, school principals, and educational policy makers. Teachers need to receive training and assistance in implementing effective classroom management strategies.  

This research discusses the implementation of supply chain management at PT. Yakult Indonesia Persada, Mojokerto, East Java branch. This research uses a literature study analysis method or literature review with secondary data sources. This research explains the main role in supply chain management implemented by PT. Yakult Indonesia Persada starts from suppliers, production processes, retail, distributors, to consumers. PT. Yakult Indonesia Persada collaborates with several local and foreign suppliers to obtain main raw materials such as skim milk powder from Australia and New Zealand, sucrose and dextrose from Cirebon, packaging materials, namely polystyrene plastic ore, from China. The production process is carried out using sophisticated high-tech machines and is carried out by competent human resources (HR) to create standardized products, distribution is carried out by PT. Yakult Indonesia Persada, namely by using land and sea routes with two distribution systems, namely direct sale distribution which is carried out using backup cars to be distributed to traditional shops such as food stalls to modern shops such as supermarkets, and yakult lady, namely distribution carried out by women who has been equipped with knowledge about Yakult products to disseminate information to consumers using motorbikes or bicycles. With this distribution system, it has proven to be quite good, as proven by PT. Yakult Indonesia Persada has regular consumers spread throughout almost all of Indonesia.  

This study aims to determine the implementation of innovative office management practices at MTs Al Washliyah Kolam with a focus on creating a creative and adaptive organisational culture. This research uses qualitative research methods, with interview techniques as data collection. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of an open and transparent management system and promoting effective two-way communication are important factors in encouraging a creative and adaptive organisational culture. Specifically, the study found that implementing an office management structure that reduces hierarchy and encourages cross-disciplinary teamwork can increase employee engagement, creativity and innovation. Furthermore, this research shows that developing a learning organisation culture that encourages continuous learning and sharing is essential to support innovation and adaptability. The results of this study provide valuable information for organisations looking to create a creative and adaptive organisational culture.

Salamsari Village is a village located in the southern part of Boja District, Kendal Regency. This village is located in the highlands of Kendal Regency where the majority of Salamsari village residents work as agricultural laborers and traders. Most of the food processing businesses are housewives. Several business actors who named their group joined the name Jajanan Khas Ndeso which sells several processed snacks including: various criping (criping cassava, banana, taro, breadfruit, etc.), various peyek (peyek nuts, anchovies, dele, etc.), kembang goyang, cendol savory, widaran, tempe chips, lumpit, and others. The aim of this activity is to improve financial management in the Ndeso Typical Snacks business group in Salamsari Village, Boja District, Kendal Regency. In running their business, they have not managed it well, meaning that in terms of administration, there has been no proper and correct recording. For some business actors, there are even bookkeeping or financial management that is still mixed up with their household finances, so they cannot know for sure how much profit they have earned from the business, as well as difficulties in knowing the development of the business they are running. Based on this, the service team has an interest to carry out outreach related to financial management, including about bookkeeping which must be separate from household finances, as well as simple reporting with related businesses. So that you can know the profits and financial position so that you can determine the direction of business development better and increase. We will publish the output targets from this trial in national journals, HKI, YouTube and through mass media.

This researcher aims to understand the management of parking fees in increasing the regional income of the city of Kupang and the efforts made by the regional government of the city of Kuapang in optimizing the receipt of parking fees. This type of research is empirical research, using a qualitative approach method, where the researcher describes data from the results of observations and research that has been carried out in Kupang City. The data collection techniques used are interviews and observations, then descriptive analysis is carried out. Parking lot management to increase local revenue is carried out through planning, organizing, activating/implementing and supervising or controlling activities. Efforts to increase local revenue through parking fees by establishing regulations and policies relating to parking fees, enforcing regulations, increasing supervision, educating the public, and evaluating the management of parking fees. Suggestions for the government to pay more attention to regional levies, especially Kupang City regional parking levies, in making regulations, enforcing regulations and increasing awareness of parking fees and providing education to the community as well as periodic evaluations for parking managers and officers so that they are obedient in carrying out their duties in accordance with applicable regulations. with a full sense of responsibility, and for the community to comply with regulations regarding regional levies, especially Kupang City regional parking levies to increase local revenue.

Regional levies are a form of community participation in implementing regional autonomy. Regional levies are an important source of regional income to fund government administration and regional development. The problem faced by each region in general is that the collection of levies which is a component of Original Regional Income (PAD) has not been maximized. This researcher aims to understand the management of parking fees in increasing the regional income of the city of Kupang and the efforts made by the regional government of the city of Kuapang in optimizing the receipt of parking fees. This type of research is empirical research, using a qualitative approach method, where the researcher describes data from the results of observations and research that has been carried out in Kupang City. The data collection techniques used are interviews and observations, then descriptive analysis is carried out. Parking lot management to increase local revenue is carried out through planning, organizing, activating/implementing and supervising or controlling activities. Efforts to increase local revenue through parking fees by establishing regulations and policies relating to parking fees, enforcing regulations, increasing supervision, educating the public, and evaluating the management of parking fees. Suggestions for the government to pay more attention to regional levies, especially Kupang City regional parking levies, in making regulations, enforcing regulations and increasing awareness of parking fees and providing education to the community as well as periodic evaluations for parking managers and officers so that they are obedient in carrying out their duties in accordance with applicable regulations. with a full sense of responsibility, and for the community to comply with regulations regarding regional levies, especially Kupang City regional parking levies to increase local revenue.

This study aims to identify the main challenges faced by teachers in the management of students' disciplinary character at SMK 2 Yayasan Perguruan Bandung as well as the efforts made by teachers to shape students' disciplinary character.Qualitative research methods were used with a focus on interviews as a data collection technique.The results of the interviews show that students' discipline and character problems are complex, influenced by internal and external factors such as family and social environments. Teachers use a behavioral counseling approach to help students change behavior and improve character. Thus, this study provides new insights for teachers and related parties in improving discipline management in schools. Improving students' disciplinary character does not only involve teachers, but also requires support from parents and students' social environment. Through this collaborative approach, it is hoped that a conducive learning environment can be created for the formation of quality student character.

Abstract :The financial performance of PT Semen Baturaja (Persero) for the period 2020-2022 needs to be evaluated to determine the effectiveness of management in managing the company's finances. The purpose of the study is to measure the financial performance of PT Semen Baturaja (Persero) through financial statement analysis over the period 2020, 2021, and 2022. This study uses various types of financial ratios such as Liquidity, Solvency, and Profitability. The research method used is qualitative with a quantitative approach. The data used is sourced from the financial statements of PT Semen Baturaja (Persero) Tbk for the years 2020, 2021, and 2022, obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The analysis results show that the company has good liquidity because current assets are higher than current liabilities. The solvency ratio level is quite healthy. Although the Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) indicates high debt, the low Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) values show that most of the assets are still funded by equity. The company's profitability level is less healthy. Although the Gross Profit Margin (GPM) shows positive results and is higher than the industry average, other ratios such as Operating Profit Margin (OPM), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return on Assets (ROA), and Return on Equity (ROE) indicate that the company has significant room for improvement in operational efficiency, cost management, and optimization of asset and equity utilization. Keywords: Analysis, Liquidity, Solvency, Profitability

Learning the Koran requires special attention because of the high level of difficulty of the material. Blind teachers face complex challenges in classroom management and delivery of material, requiring special interpersonal communication strategies. This research aims to describe the interpersonal communication strategies of blind teachers in learning the Koran at MDTA Ahlul Ihya' Ponorogo, along with obstacles and solutions. A qualitative phenomenological approach was used by collecting data through observation, interviews and documentation from blind teachers, fellow teachers, students and parents. Data analysis includes reduction, presentation and drawing conclusions. The results show that communication strategies involve getting to know students personally, determining appropriate messages, methods and media. Barriers include difficulties in visual instructions, unclear use of symbols, impaired facilities, as well as semantic barriers due to incompatibility of language and background experience. The proposed solution includes deliberation and evaluation, collaboration with fellow teachers, meetings with student parents, and the creation of a learning guidebook.

This investigation was conducted to examine the impact of liquidity ratios and solvency ratios on the profitability ratio of PT Apexindo Pratama Duta Tbk. Using quantitative methods, this investigation seeks to ascertain the company's capacity to manage its liquidity and solvency aspects, it is anticipated to have a favorable effect on profitability. The results of the analysis show that although the company shows good liquidity, the high level of leverage and difficulty in generating average profits indicates challenges in managing profitability. This research recommends that companies focus more on debt management and optimizing funding structures to increase their profitability. More investigation is required to understand other elements that may influence the financial performance of these companies, as well as to identify strategic steps to increase the company's profitability in the future.

The rescue effort of handling the archives of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic at the Archives and Library Office of Mataram City aims to document and preserve information related to the COVID-19 pandemic in Mataram City. The rescue effort is carried out by identifying, collecting, processing, and storing COVID-19 archives in physical and digital forms. These archives include policy documents, statistical data, activity reports, and other documentation related to handling COVID-19 in Mataram City. This is crucial for several reasons. First, these archives have high historical value and can be used to study how Mataram City handled the COVID-19 pandemic. Second, these archives serve as research materials for developing future disaster management policies and strategies. Third, these archives serve as evidence of government accountability and transparency in handling the COVID-19 pandemic. The archive rescue effort at the Archives and Library Office of Mataram City is still in its early stages. However, this effort demonstrates the commitment of the Mataram City government to document and preserve information related to the COVID-19 pandemic. This rescue effort by the village community institution in Mataram City is an important step in preserving valuable information related to the Covid-19 pandemic.

This research aims to analyze the influence of Regional Original Income (PAD), Special Allocation Funds (DAK), and General Allocation Funds (DAU) on the allocation of capital expenditure budgets on the island of Java. Capital expenditure is an important component in regional budgets that contributes directly to infrastructure development and improving public services. This study uses panel data from districts/cities on Java Island during the 2015-2020 period. The analytical method used is panel data regression with a fixed effects model (FEM) approach to identify the influence of independent variables on the dependent variable. The research results show that PAD has a positive and significant influence on capital expenditure. This indicates that regions with higher PAD tend to allocate more budget for capital expenditure. Meanwhile, DAK also has a positive and significant effect on capital expenditure, which shows that funds specifically allocated by the central government have succeeded in increasing investment in fixed assets in the regions. On the other hand, DAU was found to have a negative but insignificant effect on capital expenditure, indicating that general funds received from the central government did not directly encourage an increase in capital expenditure. This research provides important implications for regional policy makers in increasing PAD and utilizing transfer funds from the central government more effectively to accelerate the development of infrastructure and public services. Apart from that, the results of this research can also be a reference for further research in the field of regional finance and public budget management.  

Islamic boarding schools as traditional Islamic educational institutions in Indonesia have experienced various challenges and changes along with the times. One of the challenges faced is the emergence of a capitalistic economy which emphasizes aspects of competition, efficiency and profit orientation. This research aims to explore how Islamic boarding school-based educational institutions adapt to a capitalistic economy without sacrificing the values ​​and basic principles of Islamic teachings. Using a qualitative approach, this research involved participant observation, in-depth interviews, and literature studies at several Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia. The research results show that Islamic boarding schools have implemented various adaptation strategies, such as diversifying funding sources, implementing modern management, and developing business units that are in line with Islamic values. However, Islamic boarding schools also face challenges in maintaining a balance between spiritual and economic aspects, as well as maintaining the distinctive identity and characteristics of Islamic boarding schools. This research contributes to the understanding of the dynamics of Islamic educational institutions in facing global economic changes and provides recommendations for future policy and practice.

Based on the author’s observations, the basic background of the problem can be formulated as follows: (1) How are functions regulated Lembata Regency Tourism Office in the Development of Tourism Objects on Awulolong Island: (2) What are the Inhibiting Factors in Implementing the Regulatory Functions of the Lembata Regency Tourism Office in the Development of Tourism Attrractions on Awulolong Island which is dosely related to the function the Department. In order to answer this question, research was carried out using the Qualitative Descriptive Analysis Method in accordance with the data obtained while still paying attention to theories, principles and legal rules. Therefore, this research that originates from primary, secondary and tertiary data using an empirical and juridical approach normative.  The result of this research show that the regulation of the functions of the Lembata Regency Tourism Office in the development of tourism objects on Awulolong Island in accordance with Law Number 10 of 2009 concerning tourism and Lembata Regency Regional Regulation Number 1 of 2012 concerning the Lembata Regency Tourism Development Master plan has not been implemented properly. This can be seen from the failure of planned tourist destination development project to progress. Suggestions: (1) The Tourism Department is concerned with making designs that are button - up in nature so that the planned program are in line with the focus on the needs and interests of the community: (2) Increasing community participation in integrated and future – oriented or sustainable management to advance tourist areas: (3) Take firm action against all violationsthat do not comply with applicable rules and principles.

The Thrifting Shop has become one of the Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) that have experienced significant development over the past few years. The current era of globalization has led to consumer behavior influencing the lives of the general public. This is influenced by changing habits and lifestyles. This behavior requires a larger budget, as it is no longer just about meeting needs but also about satisfying desires. Currently, there is a trend towards second-hand clothing (fashion thrift) to meet the increasing demand of consumers, considering that times have changed, buying second-hand clothes has become a trend and a lifestyle that is growing rapidly in Indonesia. Therefore, many new business owners are trying to venture into this thrift business through online platforms like live e-commerce. When discussing the sustainability of a business, it is undeniable that it will face risks. These risks are not only caused by internal factors but also by external factors that force us to be more vigilant in facing these risks. These risks do not only appear in large businesses but also in small-scale businesses like SMEs. This study aims to identify operational risks, their causes, and their impact on business activities and find solutions to address operational risks that occur. The research object is Yodshi Fashion, which is one of the online thrift stores in Cirebon. This study uses a qualitative method with data collection techniques through online observation and interviews with business owners, as well as an analysis based on Enterprise Risk Management (ERM). The research results show that there are operational risks, such as the mismatch between the quality of clothes and stock with customer demand, fluctuations in live traffic on e-commerce, high administrative costs on e-commerce, intense competition among online thrift sellers, a large number of PHP customers during live sales, and the cancellation of COD orders by customers. These risks include internal and external operational risks with a high risk level that occurs in Yodshi Fashion Cirebon. These operational risks can affect the quality of products presented and disrupt the service process for customers. Risk management is crucial for operational activities to minimize and prevent the possibility of risks that can cause losses for Yodshi Fashion Cirebon.

In running a business there are definitely risks. Risks that arise from the internal and external environment of the business can result in the business experiencing losses. This research method uses a qualitative descriptive research method with data collection techniques originating from observations and interviews with the owner of the Manju Steamed Bread business, Tuasan Branch. This research will use Enterprise Risk Management (ERM), where ERM implementation is usually implemented by identifying risks, assessing and controlling risks. Businesses that use Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) can get risks ranging from low (low), medium (medium), high (high). This research aims to identify risks that may occur in the Manju Steamed Bread business, Tuasan Branch, then create a risk matrix to determine the worst risks that must be prioritized in control. The research results show that there are operational risks, namely employees not following steaming machine operating procedures, lack of maintenance of the machine and bread steaming equipment by employees and delays in the arrival of raw materials. This risk will affect the quality of taste, service, and can result in losses due to shop closures due to delays in the arrival of raw materials, so risk management is needed which aims to reduce operational risks that may occur.  

This research aims to analyze the operational risks faced by Rumah Makan Ondo Batak Grill, a famous culinary business on Jl. Weaving Factory No. 45, Sei Putih Tengah, Medan Petisah District, Medan City, North Sumatra. The qualitative method used in this research is data collection techniques by conducting direct observations and interviews with the owner of the Ondo Grill Batak Restaurant. The research results reveal that there are several significant operational risks, including hygiene and food safety risks, equipment damage risks, employee absenteeism risks, and customer number risks. To manage possible risks, Ondo Restaurant has implemented several strategies, such as regular employee training regarding food hygiene and safety, routine maintenance and inspection of cooking equipment, and development of an employee attendance management system. Apart from that, this restaurant is also diversifying its menu and promotions to attract more customers and maintain income stability. This research concludes that effective operational risk management is very important for the survival and success of Ondo Restaurant. The recommendations provided include improving the risk monitoring system and implementing risk management strategies on a regular basis.

The Garbage Bank program carried out in Jatwansan village, Kemiri sub-district, Purworejo district, Central Java is in the form of workshop activities attended by the local Jatiwangsan Village community. This activity workshop "(Creative Economy) Implementation of Community Economic Improvement Through Garbage Bank Activities". 28 members of the PKK participated in this activity. The PKM activity was divided into three stages, namely the Socialization, Monitoring and Evaluation stages. The material provided was related to "Community-Based Waste Management". In carrying out this activity the Jatiwangsan PKK member community group was very enthusiastic when participating in this activity, this can be seen from the desire of the community members to provide further assistance in implementing the waste bank program. The results of the workshop activities showed that the percentage of understanding of the PKM participants, as much as more than 80% of the participants really understood the material related to "Community-Based Waste Management". In this case PKK members already understood how to manage and sort waste. As for the Garbage Bank materials, more than 75% of the participants understood the forms of waste management and sorting. The method used in the implementation of this workshop activity is a quantitative approach. The purpose of implementing this activity is waste management and economic improvement.