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Manga, or Japanese comics, are becoming increasingly popular among Indonesian boys and can be easily found online. Fujoshi refers to female fans and fundashi refers to male fans of the “boys love” genre, which is characterized by romantic comedies involving male protagonists in media such as literature, anime, and video games. The intensity of reading a particular “boys love manga” genre and a favorable view of homosexuality are the focus of this study. A correlation coefficient of 0.227 was obtained, indicating a weak but positive relationship of 22.7%, between the two variables in this study using a quantitative correlational method. A total of 351 participants in this study were tested for their hypotheses using the Pearson Product Moment correlation. Individual attitudes can be shaped by many factors, including their own life experiences, the opinions of influential people in their lives, cultural norms, the media, the education system, religious organizations, and even their own emotions. All those who took part in this study found a positive interpretation of homosexuality that brought tolerance.

Dayak culture offers a wealth of noble values that can positively shape the character of elementary school students. This paper aims to: (1) identify the values of Dayak culture contained in the poem "Philosophy of Huma Betang". (2) Explain the method of introducing these cultural values to elementary school students. (3) Describe the effectiveness of using poetry as a medium of cultural introduction. One of the effective methods to introduce Dayak culture to students is through poetry. This article discusses the poem "Philosophy of Huma Betang" by Misnawati as a medium that conveys cultural values in an interesting and easy-to-understand manner for elementary school students. The importance of this research is based on the need to understand and preserve Dayak cultural values. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach, by identifying the cultural values contained in the poem. The method of introducing cultural values to elementary school students involves reading with expression, discussion, creative activities, and educational visits. The results of the study show that the use of the poem "Philosophy of Huma Betang" is successful in increasing students' understanding and appreciation of Dayak culture. Students show high interest, they can remember well the values learned, and show improvement in language skills and creativity. Educators also give positive feedback on the effectiveness of this method in learning in elementary school classrooms.

The Semitic language family is one of the oldest linguistic groups that has significantly influenced world civilizations, with Arabic as one of its main branches. Arabic has undergone a long historical journey from prehistoric times to the modern era, shaped by various historical, cultural, and social factors. The study of Fiqhul Lughah, or the philosophy of language, is crucial in understanding the transformation and development of Arabic in different historical contexts. This research employs a library research method, analyzing various literary sources such as books, scholarly journals, and ancient manuscripts that discuss the history and evolution of Semitic languages, particularly Arabic. The analysis is conducted using a descriptive-qualitative approach to comprehend the patterns of Arabic evolution from its ancient Semitic roots to its establishment as a major language in communication, literature, science, and religion. The findings indicate that Arabic has evolved gradually through various historical phases, from its pre-classical stage to the golden age of Islam and its modern adaptations. Understanding the history and classification of Arabic within the Semitic language family provides deeper insights into its dynamics and its significant role in shaping human civilization.

Background: Adolescent development includes physical, social, emotional, cognitive and psychosocial. Adolescents are easily emotional, enjoy challenging things, act impulsively, pay little attention to personal safety so there is a risk of physical injury and falls, which can result in fractures. Fracture treatment is surgery. The impact of surgery is pain, pain management can be done by playing fidget spinner therapy. A fidget spinner is a toy that rotates between two fingers, in the shape of a propeller with a ball bearing in the middle, creating a stunning rotating pattern, unique design, attracting children and reducing pain. Objective: Fidget spinner play therapy is applied to reduce pain intensity in children aged 13-18 years. Method: The research method is a case study with 3 respondents who experienced post-operative fractures using a fidget spinner and the Wong Baker pain scale. Results: The results for respondents 1, 2 and 3 showed a decrease in pain intensity, the average pre test for respondent 1 had pain 4 and the average post test pain was 3. Respondent 2 had an average pre test pain scale of 4 and post test pain scale 2. For respondent 3, the average pre test pain scale was 5 and post test 3. Conclusion: The application of fidget spinner play therapy is effective in reducing pain in children with post-operative fractures. Suggestion: This application is expected to be used in nursing care for children with post-operative fractures on the second day.

This study aims to describe in depth the implementation of financial education in fostering a habit of saving among fourth-grade students at SD Negeri 121313 Tanjung Pinggir, Pematang Siantar. This activity is part of the Community Service Program (KKN) conducted by students of the State Islamic University of North Sumatra (UINSU). This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and documentation of learning activities and the implementation of the savings program at school. The data obtained was then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model, which includes the process of data reduction, data presentation, and interactive conclusion drawing. The results showed that the implementation of financial education by UINSU KKN students had a positive impact on changes in students' financial behavior. This financial education activity not only fostered financial skills but also shaped students' characters to be more responsible, disciplined, thrifty, and socially empathetic by encouraging them to share some of their savings. Thus, it can be concluded that the implementation of simple habit-based financial education through UINSU KKN activities has proven effective in fostering interest and enthusiasm for saving among elementary school students and contributes to shaping positive character traits that will be useful in their future lives.

Appearance is one of the important factors for humans in living their lives. However, each individual's perception of their own body tends to be inconsistent with the good anthropometric body standards. This body image perception is closely related to lifestyle, diet, physical activity, and environment. This study aims to explore the body image perception of workers in Jayapura City. This research is an exploratory study to gain an in-depth understanding of the body image perception of workers in Jayapura City. The subjects of this study were 379 workers domiciled in Jayapura City. Data was collected using a body image perception questionnaire and anthropometric measurements were conducted on the workers. The results showed that 53% of respondents were female, 60% were in the early working-age category, and 47% worked as civil servants, military personnel, police officers, or employees of state-owned enterprises. Furthermore, most respondents had normal nutritional status (60%) and 87% had a negative body image perception. Cross-tabulation analysis found that a positive body image perception was mostly found among respondents with normal nutritional status. However, many respondents with normal nutritional status still had a negative body image perception. Further studies are needed to investigate the factors related to body image perception to develop interventions that improve workers' understanding of the ideal body shape.

The light steel roll forming machine is a tool used in the manufacturing industry to continuously shape steel sheets into specific profiles. Efficiency and accuracy in production heavily depend on the control system employed. This article discusses the implementation of an automatic control system in a light steel roll forming machine, focusing on the use of sensors, actuators, and a microcontroller-based control system. Additionally, the system is equipped with a digital printing machine to directly print product branding and light steel specifications. The research results indicate that the application of an automatic control system enhances product precision, improves production efficiency, and reduces the defect rate.

Children often experience feelings of discomfort, anxiety and anxiety when undergoing treatment at the hospital, and some are even traumatized by medical actions. Clay play therapy is an alternative therapy that can reduce children's anxiety. Play therapy using clay involves shaping or making various shapes/characters from clay (plasticine). Objective; Reducing children's anxiety due to hospitalization with Clay Therapy. Methods: The methods used in Community Service are the Preparation Stage, Implementation Stage, and Evaluation Stage. Results: There is a significant increase in changes in anxiety levels with 95% of children experiencing mild anxiety after playing clay therapy. Conclusion: There is a Significant Impact of Clay Play Therapy on Children's Anxiety Due to Hospitalization in the Hospital.

Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disease caused by problems in the body in producing insulin, insulin produced is lacking or nonexistent, or it can be due to the insulin receptor not functioning so that cells cannot receive glucose for metabolism (Black, M. J. & Hawks, 2014; Pranata, S & Khasanah, 2017). Diabetic wounds are caused by infection as a result of high blood glucose, thereby increasing bacterial proliferation, and added to the deficiency of the immune system which causes the wound inflammation period to last a long time. In addition, inappropriate treatment of diabetic wounds (ulcers) can worsen the condition of the wound (Ekaputra, 2013). Therefore, proper and optimal wound care is needed. The wound care method that is currently developing is moist wound healing, which is more effective than conventional methods because it is easy to install, can adjust to the shape of the wound, easy to remove, comfortable to wear, does not need to change dressings frequently, absorbs drainage, presses and immobilizes wounds, prevents new wounds from mechanical injury, prevents infection, improves hemostasis by pressing the dressing. Wound care procedures through Debridement and dressing. Wound debridement can accelerate healing by removing necrotic tissue, particulates, or foreign material, and reducing the bacterial load. The conventional method is to use a scalpel and cut away all unwanted tissue including callus and eschar. Saline-moistened (wet-to-dry) gauze dressings; moisture-retaining dressings (hydrogels, hydrocolloids, hydrofibers, transparent films and alginates) that provide physical and autolytic debridement respectively; and antiseptic dressings (silver dressings, cadexomer). Newer advanced dressings are being studied, such as Vulnamin gel made from amino acids and hyaluronic acid used in conjunction with elastic compression have shown positive results.

The development of self-reliance among correctional inmates faces challenges in terms of surveillance effectiveness and order within correctional institutions. One of the main issues encountered is the lack of an optimal surveillance system, which can hinder the rehabilitation process and increase the risk of rule violations. To address this issue, a socialization program for the installation of additional CCTV cameras in the Self-Reliance Development Room at Banyuwangi Class IIA Correctional Facility was conducted. The program aimed to enhance surveillance effectiveness, create a safer rehabilitation environment, and encourage behavioral changes among inmates. The methods used in this community service project included needs analysis, coordination with correctional authorities, conducting socialization sessions for officers and inmates, and evaluating the impact of CCTV installation. The results indicate that the installation of CCTV contributes to improving inmate discipline, reducing rule violations, and strengthening transparency and accountability in the rehabilitation process. Additionally, this program fosters the emergence of local leaders among inmates who play a role in maintaining order. These findings align with social control and social learning theories, which emphasize that effective surveillance can shape individual behavior and promote compliance with established norms. In conclusion, the implementation of surveillance technology in the correctional system can serve as a strategic step in supporting inmate rehabilitation and social reintegration.

Study This contains about the detection of circular object images. The circular object tested is the moon image object, the moon image was chosen because the moon image has various moon shapes, namely the full moon, half moon and crescent moon. To detect the shape of the circular object image, several stages are carried out by starting the image segmentation process. (1) The segmentation process using the bi-level thresholding method makes the image black and white, (2) after that the image is repaired with the morphological process of the opening and closing methods. (3) For training data, the shape extraction process is carried out, namely the circular nature of the object (circularity) to determine the roundness of an object. For the testing process, the same process is also carried out as the process of obtaining circular image detection.

The development of social media is currently very rapid and diverse, such as Whatsapp, YouTube. The existence of social media, especially among young people, has given rise to a diversity of uses and images of the identities of its users. Based on the background above, the following problem formulation arises, How do teenagers behave in interpreting the social media Instagram within themselves. And how is the use of Instagram social media in forming self-identity related to social interaction in society. In this discussion the theory used is symbolic interaction theory, where this theory focuses its attention on the ways humans use to shape the meaning and structure of society through conversation. Quoted from George Herbert Mead Symbolic interaction is a theory about how to think about the mind and self. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive case study method. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, observation and literature study. Research subjects were selected (purposively) based on the characteristics of being active users, having more than one account, aged 16-18 years, and consisting of men and women. The research results show that there is diversity in the use of social media, this can be seen from the initial use, patterns of use and the technology used. Then there are various meanings regarding the existence of social media for users, including those related to themselves, family, studies, hobbies, community and work. After that, there are various meanings regarding the self-identity of social media users, and identity construction on social media is carried out through the process of interaction in using social media.

Acne is a common skin condition caused by excessive oil production that clogs pores and leads to inflammation. Acne-prone skin care can be done using facial masks, one of which is the practical and effective peel-off mask. This study aims to analyze the effect of using a peel-off mask containing corn and jasmine flower extract on acne-prone skin care. The research method used is a quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent control group design. The sample consisted of six female students from Universitas Negeri Padang aged 17-25 years with acne-prone skin, divided into control and experimental groups. The research variables include the number, shape, color, and volume of acne. Data analysis techniques include normality, homogeneity, and hypothesis testing. The results show that the experimental group using the peel-off mask with corn and jasmine flower extract experienced a significant reduction in acne count, improvement in acne shape, and a decrease in redness and acne volume. In contrast, the control group showed no significant changes. Hypothesis testing indicated significance values for color (0.006), shape (0.000), volume (0.000), and number (0.000) <0.05, proving the effectiveness of the mask in treating acne-prone skin. In conclusion, the peel-off mask containing corn and jasmine flower extract is effective in reducing acne and improving facial skin condition.

This study describes the manufacture of modified composites from recycled HDPE plastic waste and TKKS fibers. The comparison of matrix composition with TKKS fibers used is (70:30); (80:20) and (90:10) %. The mixing process of HDPE with OPEFB was carried out using the melt blending method and extruded to obtain composite pellets. Composite characterization obtained high tensile strength in HDPE composites: OPEFB ratio (70:30) % of 36.50 Mpa, while the tensile strength of HDPE: OPEFB ratio (80:20) and HDPE: OPEFB ratio (90:10) % were obtained respectively 23.50 MPa and 26.50 MPa. The results of the surface structure test with SEM showed that there was a bond between the HDPE matrix and TKKS fibers which was marked by a brittle fracture shape on the surface of the composite and the fibers were not uniformly broken. The impact test results of HDPE composite: OPEFB ratio (80:20) % have a high impact value of 0.363168 Joules. The FT-IR test results show deformation of C-H vibrations and pyranose C-O-C which are typical of OPEFB at wave numbers 1070.49 & 1151.50 cm- and intermolecular O-H bending in TKKS at wave numbers 3672.47 cm-. The TGA test results of HDPE composite: OPEFB ratio (70:30) and HDPE: TKKS (80:20) obtained degradation temperature values (Te) of 535.57ᴼC and 529.74ᴼC, respectively.

This research raises the theme of the existence of traditional Minangkabau food, specifically Lapek Barajuik among the Pakandangan community, to understand how well this food is currently thriving.  The main question posed is how to maintain its existence amidst the advancement of the times.  This research aims to describe the existence of this food and identify the obstacles faced by the community in enhancing its existence.  The method used is qualitative research with a descriptive approach, through data collection from observation, interviews, and documentation.  Data analysis was conducted through data collection, reduction, display, and verification.  The research results show that Lapek Barajuik plays an important role in the culture of the Pakandangan community, known for its unique shape and taste, as well as being a symbol of identity and ancestral heritage.  Although there is interest from the community, including the younger generation, this food faces challenges such as competition with modern foods, seasonal nature, and lack of technological utilization in promotion.  In conclusion, the existence of Lapek Barajuik among the Pakandangan community, especially the older generation, is still preserved.  They appreciate this food as an important part of the culinary tradition.  Its appeal, especially its unique shape, creates a special impression when a son-in-law brings this food as a gift to the in-laws' house, making it symbolic in the family visit tradition.  On the other hand, the interest of the younger generation in it has declined due to the abundance of modern food variations, although they still like this dish, as evidenced during certain events where Lapek Barajuik became a choice and was favored by the community.

Casavva tape chips made from fermented yellow cassava (tape) and tapioca flour with a focus on the proportion of tape (fermented cassava) and tapioca flour. This study used single anova and duncan test to analyze the differences in sensory characteristics between three different proportions of yellow cassava tape and tapioca. The findings revealed that the combination of 75% fermented yellow cassava(tape) and 25% tapioca flour produced the most preferred shape, characterized by a uniform and attractive appearance, with an average score of 2.80, indicating a round shape with relatively neat edges. In contrast, a higher proportion of tape (85%) produced a softer and less stable dough, which led to a less desirable round shape. In addition, color analysis showed that the same proportion (75% tape and 25% tapioca) also produced the brightest and most attractive color, with an average score of 2.89. These results indicate that adjusting the ratio of tapioca flour can significantly improve the sensory quality of cassava tape chips, making them more attractive to consumers. The study concluded that the inclusion of tapioca flour improved dough stability, resulting in better shaped and colored chips, which could benefit manufacturers aiming to improve product quality.

This study focuses on the importance of the role of monthly religious studies in shaping students’ religious attitudes at SMAS Budi Agung Medan, considering that religious studies are one of the effective means to teach religious values, strengthen faith, and shape students’ character and morals in everyday life. The method used is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data collection was carried out through documentation, observation and interviews. The subjects of the study were the principal, vice principal for student affairs, Islamic Religious Education teachers, and students. Data analysis was carried out by data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study showed that (1) Monthly religious studies activities at SMAS Budi Agung Medan are carried out once a month on the first week starting at 08.00 to 11.00 WIB at the Al-Huda Marelan Mosque. The three activities carried out in this monthly religious study are the opening, core and closing. (2) The materials discussed include faith, jurisprudence, morals, as well as the Qur’an and Hadith of the Prophet. (3) The role of monthly religious studies in forming the religious attitudes of SMAS Budi Agung Medan students includes spiritual, moral, social and educational roles. (4) The monthly religious study program held at SMAS Budi Agung Medan is considered to have a positive impact on SMAS Budi Agung Medan students, because the religious studies are able to gradually improve the students’ religious attitudes.

This study examines the stance of Abd al-Rahman al-Dakhil towards the Christian kingdoms in Al-Andalus during his rule. Following the collapse of the Umayyad Caliphate in the Levant, Abd al-Rahman I successfully established an independent emirate in Al-Andalus, navigating both internal and external challenges. A significant aspect of his governance was his strategic response to the Christian kingdoms in northern Spain, which continuously sought to reclaim lost territories and challenge Muslim rule. The study explores his military campaigns, diplomatic efforts, and policies aimed at securing the stability of the Umayyad state. Despite initial successes in repelling Christian advances and imposing tributary agreements, internal strife within Al-Andalus weakened its ability to maintain long-term control over contested regions. The research underscores the pivotal role of political unity in sustaining territorial dominance and highlights how Abd al-Rahman al-Dakhil’s leadership shaped the early Islamic state in Iberia.

Cultivating tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of the activities that is widely carried out in Indonesia because this fish has increasing market demand. In intensive cultivation systems, the factor that plays an important role in increasing production yields is pond design. Good pond design can influence water quality, oxygen distribution, and fish comfort which is directly related to fish growth. This research aims to examine the effect of pond design on the growth rate of tilapia in intensive cultivation. Based on a literature review, optimal pond design can increase the efficiency of feed use, maintain good water quality, and create an environment that supports faster fish growth rates. Designs that include pond shape, depth, aeration system and waste management must be carefully considered so that tilapia cultivation can achieve maximum results.

The rapid advancements in technology and marketing strategies within the maritime industry present both opportunities and ethical challenges. While innovation enhances operational efficiency and consumer engagement, the absence of structured ethical frameworks can lead to privacy violations, regulatory breaches, and deceptive marketing practices. This study examines the role of ethical considerations in technology and marketing management within maritime leadership, emphasizing the need for structured ethical decision-making frameworks to ensure consumer protection, regulatory compliance, and corporate sustainability. This research provides original value by assessing the extent to which ethical principles are integrated into maritime business strategies, addressing gaps in previous research that primarily focuses on profitability over ethical governance. The study explores the following research questions: How do ethical considerations shape decision-making in maritime technology and marketing management? What challenges hinder the implementation of structured ethical frameworks? Using qualitative research methods, semi-structured interviews with industry experts, lecturers, and postgraduate students were conducted, followed by thematic analysis and comparative evaluation. Findings indicate that while ethical decision-making enhances corporate reputation and regulatory compliance, industry-wide implementation remains inconsistent due to weak regulatory enforcement and corporate reluctance. The study concludes that integrating ethical frameworks into maritime leadership training and business education is essential for fostering responsible corporate governance, enhancing consumer trust, and ensuring long-term sustainability.