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Criminal disparity refers to dissenting judgments regarding the same criminal act or one that possesses dangerous characteristics, both of which can be compared without clear justification. This research aims to understand and analyze whether the existence of disparities in prosecution can fulfill the legal perspectives’s objectives and to identify and analyze the factors causing disparities in prosecution in Cases Number: 176/Pid.B/2019/PN Gto and Cases Number: 163/Pid.B/2019/PN Gto by using a normative research method with a case approach. The technique employed involves a literature review supported by descriptive analysis a supplementary method. The research findings are as follows: firstly, in both verdicts, Number 176/Pid.B/2019.PN Gto and Number 163/Pid.B/2019/PN Gto, it is observed that they still do not fully meet the legal perspective’s objectives because there are legal objectives that remain unfulfilled. Secondly, both verdicts contain factors influencing the occurrence of disparities in prosecution, including the consequences caused, considerations from the prepator’s prespective, personal factors, aggravating and mitigating circumstances, and the extent of the losses incurred.

This study reviews the pastoral counseling model approach in dealing with children with special needs using the perspective of Philippians 4:13. In this study the author uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a literature study method. Children with special needs refer to children who face various forms of physical, mental, emotional or learning limitations. In this context, a pastoral counseling approach is applied with the principle that everything can be borne through God-given strength. A deep understanding of the condition of children with disabilities, a holistic approach that pays attention to physical, emotional, mental and spiritual aspects, and self-strengthening through spiritual beliefs are the main focus in dealing with children with disabilities. The conclusion of this study confirms that the pastoral counseling approach in the context of Philippians 4:13 provides a solid foundation in guiding and supporting children with disabilities, emphasizing the integration of spiritual beliefs, holistic understanding of the child's condition, and providing comprehensive support. This research encourages educational practitioners to carry out their roles with sincerity and humility, and to pay attention to the needs and development of children with special needs.

The development of critical thinking skills in Islamic education is becoming increasingly important in this modern era, where students are expected to be able to analyze, evaluate and create new knowledge. This article explores pedagogical approaches that can be applied to improve critical thinking skills in Islamic education classrooms as well as teachers' perspectives regarding their implementation. Through literature studies and interviews with educators, this research identified a variety of strategies, including problem-based discussions, text analysis, and use of technology. The findings show that developing an interactive and participatory learning environment can help students develop better critical thinking skills. This article emphasizes the importance of training for teachers to support the implementation of these strategies in the context of Islamic education.

This paper explores the interplay between faith and reason within the Catholic intellectual tradition. It revisits foundational works of Thomas Aquinas and Augustine to provide a framework for understanding knowledge acquisition through divine revelation and rational inquiry. The article also addresses contemporary challenges in integrating faith with scientific advancements and secular ideologies.  

This study explores the integration of Islamic values ​​in the science curriculum in selected Islamic schools in Indonesia. Using a qualitative case study approach, this study investigates teachers' strategies, challenges, and perceptions in integrating Islamic teachings into science lessons. Findings suggest that the integration of Islamic values ​​in science education not only enhances students' spiritual development but also promotes critical thinking skills that are in line with ethical perspectives. The paper concludes by proposing a framework to support educators in achieving a holistic approach in Islamic education.

This community service activity aims to evaluate the implementation of teacher professional development policies in the digital era from a public administration perspective. The activity was conducted through socialization and mentoring sessions for teachers at SDN 2 Bukit Batu on March 7, 2024. A descriptive and participatory approach was employed, using interactive presentations, case studies, and the distribution of informational materials. The results indicate that some teachers still experience difficulties in understanding teacher professional development policies, particularly in relation to the use of digital technology in administration and learning processes. However, the socialization activities improved teachers' understanding of policy objectives, professional development strategies, and the importance of digital adaptation in supporting professional performance. The activity also fostered educational collaboration and generated innovative ideas for improving administration. Overall, this community service program contributes to strengthening human resource capacity at the school level and supports the effective implementation of public policies in the education sector.

The purpose of this research is to determine the description of profit sharing in sharia accounting to achieve the principles of justice. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach with a post-positivist paradigm. The informants in this research used data collection techniques using interviews, observation and documentation. Research shows that the profits generated by companies are not just the result of the work of a group of people. However, many stakeholders are involved, including fund owners, employees and the environment. With an impartial perspective, profits can benefit all parties involved, not just a handful of executives.

The representation of women in politics has become a much discussed issue along with the development of political access. Various factors are the cause of this, including religious factors. The purpose of this study is to be able to determine and analyze women's political rights in the perspective of Islamic law. This study was conducted using the type of normative legal research with two types of approaches, namely the statutory approach (Statute Approach) and conceptual approach (Conceptual Approach). Based on research that researchers have done, the results obtained that islam recognizes the existence of women's political rights and the importance of the role of women in public life and its impact on political life.

Introduction: Children's and mothers' health determines the level of family and community health. The health empowerment success relies on the maternal mortality rate and neonatal mortality rate. The delivery prevalence with the SC method increases around the world by more than 10%-15% as recommended. In Latin America and the Caribbean, the prevalence of section caesarea procedures is high, 40.5%. The data of delivery mothers with Sectio Caesarea at HA Zaky Djunaid Pekalongan reached 100 mothers. Objective: This research revealed the characteristics of delivery mothers with Sectio Caesarea from the perspectives of age, parity, gravida, gestation interval, birth history, and height. Method: This qualitative research is a descriptive retrospective type of research by reviewing the medical records of delivery mothers with section Caesarea.Population: This research population consisted of all delivery mothers with section Caesarea at HA Zaky Djunaid Hospital, Pekalongan City, from July 2023 to August 2023.Sample: The research samples were 100 delivery mothers with Sectio Caesarea taken with total sampling. Results: From the data analysis, the characteristics of delivery mothers with SC, based on age, were mostly 29 years old. Most mothers were multiparity and multigravida. The mothers had SC history with 2-5 years of gestational interval. Most mothers were 148cm high.  

Conceptual understanding of riba and its influence in Islamic economics is an important subject in the context of Islamic finance. This research highlights the conceptual understanding of riba and its implications from the perspective of Islamic economics. Through a literature review approach, this article explores various views and arguments related to riba in Islam and Islamic economics. The analysis in this article underscores the need for a deep understanding of riba in the context of Islamic economics. Through this approach, policies can be formulated to promote principles of justice, equality, and sustainability in the Islamic financial system. Practical implications include profit-sharing systems such as mudharabah and musyarakah being used to replace riba practices, ensuring fairness and equality among parties involved in transactions. Additionally, a deeper understanding of Sharia economics and strict supervision of riba practices in the financial sector are crucial to assist individuals and institutions in managing finances in accordance with Islamic law. In conclusion, the conceptual understanding of riba and its influence from the perspective of Islamic economics is an important aspect in building a financial system that aligns with Islamic principles. By understanding the implications of riba, society can take more sustainable and equitable steps in developing Sharia-based economies.

The marketing process in Islamic economics must be implemented correctly, and in accordance with sharia principles. In distributing products, it must be evenly distributed so that all people can enjoy the product. This research is about e-marketing analysis in increasing sales on shopping applications. The purpose of this research is to find out how marketing strategies increase sales on the Belanjo application. This type of research is descriptive qualitative with primary and secondary data types. The data collection technique in this research uses observation, interview and documentation techniques.The research results show the marketing mix strategy implemented by Belanjo to increase sales, including product availability, price, promotion and place. Supporting and inhibiting factors for the marketing mix strategy implemented by Belanjo in increasing sales, including supporting, conducting socialization and collaboration and increasing employee skills and knowledge. obstacles, low consumer buying interest and the marketing area for chips is still limited. Marketing mix strategies viewed from an Islamic Economics Perspective include: Always decorating charity with the intention of worship and sincerity. Transparency, and the goods are halal and not harmful. Carrying out honest distribution methods, not reducing size, standards, quality and scales fraudulently. Being responsible for the goods received. distributed fairly, and not doing things that are prohibited in Islam. Please help, tolerate and give alms. Never neglect worship because of distribution activities. Ikhtikar is prohibited because it will cause price increases. Seek reasonable profits. Widespread distribution of wealth. Social equality. 

The aim of this research is to determine the role of educational technology in changing the landscape of Indonesian language education in the digital era. The methodology used includes a literature review to identify recent developments in the use of educational technology in language teaching. The results of this research show that educational technology has contributed significantly to improving the quality and efficiency of learning, facilitating distance learning through platforms such as Zoom and Google Meet, and encouraging innovation in educational strategies. This study shows that the role of educational technology does not only focus on technical aspects, but also influences the learning paradigm by changing the perspective on the role of teachers and students. However, the use of educational technology also presents challenges, including accessibility and socio- psychological impacts on students. Therefore, sophisticated strategies are needed to effectively incorporate educational technology into the language teaching curriculum. This study provides insight into how educational technology influences the transformation of Indonesian language education in the digital era. The methods and results of this research provide a better understanding of the complex role of educational technology in shaping education that is more adaptive and relevant to current developments.

This study aims to determine and analyze how the legal protection of consumers due to default in the housing loan agreement in the perspective of Consumer Protection Law No.8 of 1999. The type of research used in this study is normative juridical approach to legislation (statute aprouch) and case approach (case aprouch). The results of this study indicate that the case of default in the housing loan agreement, which occurred in the city of Gorontalo. Create legal protection against consumers (customers) who are harmed by Bank BTN who do not carry out their obligations in accordance with existing rules or regulations, where the bank does not issue housing certificates even though the consumer (customer) has paid the installments

This research paper explores the integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in English Language Teaching (ELT) within the context of Bangladesh. The study delves into the various problems and challenges that educators face while incorporating ICT tools into ELT practices. It examines factors such as limited access to technology, inadequate digital literacy among teachers and students, and infrastructural constraints. The paper also highlights the potential benefits and prospects of utilizing ICT in ELT, including enhanced engagement, interactive learning opportunities, and exposure to authentic language resources. Drawing on qualitative data, the research aims to provide insights into the current status of ICT integration in ELT, shedding light on both barriers and opportunities. This analysis offers recommendations for addressing challenges and maximizing the benefits of ICT integration, thereby contributing to the improvement of English language education in Bangladesh's educational landscape.

This research was motivated by several cases resulting from the actions of naughty debtors which caused significant losses for Indonesia. There is a legal vacuum in Law Number 10 of 1998 concerning Banking, making it difficult for law enforcers to determine criminal acts committed by naughty debtors. The problem formulation taken is how banking law in Indonesia is in the perspective of legal objective theory, and what is the juridical review of bad debtors in the banking law. This research uses a normative legal research approach with a theory and legal principles approach. Several things need to be reviewed due to the impact caused by Law Number 10 of 1998 concerning Banking, namely that there is an article that can only ensnare bank employees if there is some form of criminal liability. Apart from that, there is no clause that regulates criminal sanctions for bank employees who collude with debtors. Bank Indonesia can impose administrative sanctions, but this authority is not regulated expressly and unequivocally in the Banking Law. So that Bank Indonesia has the potential to abuse its authority in determining actions.    

This research aims to explore theological views on apostasy in the context of Christianity. Apostasy is defined as an act of rejection of one's faith and religious teachings, with a focus on serious spiritual consequences. The main source of insight is the Bible, which provides strong warnings against apostasy, highlighting specific passages such as Hebrews 6:4-6. This verse reflects the theological view that for those who consciously abandon the Christian faith, repentance may no longer be possible. This view reflects the serious spiritual consequences that can separate an individual from the presence of God. Although the Bible provides a strong warning against apostasy, the theological perspective also highlights God's grace and forgiveness. The Bible shows that repentance is always open to those who sincerely desire to return to God. In Luke 15:7, Jesus emphasizes the joy in heaven over one sinner who repents, providing hope that despite the seriousness of the apostasy, God always provides a way for repentance and restoration of a spiritual relationship with Him. Overall, the theological view of apostasy reflects a balance between stern warnings about the spiritual consequences and God's gracious mercy that is always open to those who return to Him.

General elections or elections that occur in Indonesia are held regularly every 5 years, in which the general election is held in 2024, in general elections the people give their aspirations to vote to elect members of the executive and legislative members, so that members of the legislative and executive candidates register themselves with the General Election Commission (KPU) thus prospective legislative and executive members must follow the regulations issued by the KPU. Through the normative juridical research method, the approach is very relevant in examining campaign implementation deviations from the perspective of administrative law and criminal law.   The practice of legislative elections still has deviations from the law by legislative and executive candidates thus the consequences obtained by the candidates and also the role of Bawaslu must be for the affirmation of deviations in the 2024 general election.

Southeast Asia is a region that is considered to have minimal conflict between countries, but on the other hand, the conflicts that arise tend to come from internal problems. In this case, on February 1 2021 the Myanmar military regime issued a coup statement on the Myanmar government. This of course creates a nightmare in society where the coup is considered to destroy people's daily activities. It didn't just stop there, the coup carried out by the military regime was also noted to have violated a number of human rights. In this case, the researcher seeks to highlight the effectiveness of ASEAN's role as a regional organization in efforts to resolve the coup that occurred in Myanmar through the perspective of the ASEAN Way which is based on the principle of non-intervention. Through qualitative method analysis using literature sources, the author tries to answer to what extent the ASEAN Way norms can resolve the conflict that occurred in Myanmar.

This article will discuss the role of "debata" theology of calling within the context of Christian faith in Batak society, Indonesia. "Debata" theology of calling refers to the teachings and customary traditions of the Batak people that regulate the duties, responsibilities, and obligations of individuals within the community. This article will analyze how "debata" theology of calling influences the practices and perceptions of the Christian faith among the Batak community. The literature sources utilized in this article include research, books, and papers related to Christian theology and Batak culture.

The purpose of this article is to find out how to change environmental legal policy into environmental law into the Job Creation Law and to find out the appropriate efforts to address changes in environmental legal policy from the environmental protection perspective of the Job Creation Law. The research method presented in this article uses a normative legal approach, namely descriptive analysis. The results of the study in the article show that the concept of environmental law has become a legal policy that activates various instruments that regulate environmental problems in Indonesia, both regulatory and planning instruments. Finally, the aim of environmental legal policy is to ensure the implementation of sustainability in Indonesia from an environmental perspective. Efforts that must be made to address changes in environmental legal policy from the environmental protection perspective of the Job Creation Law are: 1) Simplification of permits; 2) Strict responsibility and 3);Restrictions on environmental rights. These three things cannot be taken lightly, so as not to have the worst impact on the quality of the environment. The Job Creation Law and its derivatives already existed until legal action was taken to revoke them. This is an important consideration where the Government must continue to develop good faith partnerships with the community to implement the Work and its consequential provisions.