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The limited urban land in Greater Jakarta demands the emergence of a residential approach that is more adaptive to the growing needs of space. This study examines the application of the concept of a growing house in the residence of Rumah Swatantra by Studio Dasar. The research method uses a qualitative-descriptive approach through literature studies and direct interviews with the designer architects. The results of the study show that the application of modular patterns and concrete hollow infill structure systems provides the flexibility of space growth without the need to dismantle the basic structure. The process of space growth occurred gradually following the development of the family from 2017 to 2024, and showed that the quality of space can still be maintained even though the building is built in stages. These findings confirm that the concept of growing houses can be an alternative strategy for sustainable housing in urban areas that experience limited land. In addition, this study highlights the importance of careful spatial planning from the early stages of development so that spatial expansion can be carried out efficiently, measurably, and in harmony with the needs of residents. This approach not only improves the comfort and functionality of the space, but also minimizes construction waste and future renovation costs.

This study aims to develop and evaluate an adaptive hybrid weather prediction model that combines pattern classification techniques with a deep learning approach to improve forecasting accuracy, especially for extreme weather events. Using a quantitative-based Research and Development (R&D) approach, this study utilizes ten years of daily rainfall time series data from the Juanda Meteorological Station. The method developed comprises three main phases: weather pattern classification using K-Means clustering to separate normal and extreme patterns; development of a specialist prediction model using SARIMA for seasonal patterns and LSTM for non-linear patterns; and integration of both models into a single adaptive framework. The results show that the adaptive hybrid model performs significantly better than the single model, with a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 8.76% and a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 9.13%. The main contribution of this study is the development of an intelligent, accurate prediction framework with strong potential for integration into the national early warning system, thereby supporting more effective disaster mitigation efforts in Indonesia. Further research is recommended to validate the model in various regions and add additional climate variables to improve prediction accuracy.

The rapid growth of online paylater services has raised concerns about their impact on students’ financial behavior, particularly given the increasing prevalence of consumptive lifestyles and limited financial literacy. This study investigates the influence of Lifestyle (X1) and Financial Literacy (X2) on the use of online paylater systems (Z) and their implications for Spending Behavior (Y) among students of the Faculty of Economics and Business at Dian Nuswantoro University. The study population consisted of 2,100 students from the 2021 and 2022 cohorts, with a sample of 117 respondents determined using the Slovin formula. The sample was selected purposively based on the criteria of being 18–24 years old and active users of paylater services. Primary data were collected through an online questionnaire employing a 5-point Likert scale and analyzed using SmartPLS 3.2 with the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) technique. The results reveal that Lifestyle has a significant positive effect on both Spending Behavior and Paylater use, while Paylater use itself also positively influences Spending Behavior. In contrast, Financial Literacy shows no significant effect and does not mediate the relationships. The novelty of this study lies in integrating Lifestyle, Financial Literacy, Paylater adoption, and Spending Behavior into a single explanatory model, thereby offering new insights into the financial decision-making patterns of Generation Z students in the context of digital financial services.

The rapid advancement of digital technology has reshaped the behavior and communication patterns of young people, including church youth who are highly active on social media. However, the lack of digital literacy and legal awareness often leads to the spread of hoaxes, unethical online behavior, and the risk of digital sexual harassment. This Community Service Activity (PKM) titled “Strengthening Digital Legal Literacy for Church Youth: Anti-Hoax Awareness and Prevention of Online Sexual Harassment under Indonesia’s ITE Law No. 1 of 2024” was carried out at HKBP Bethesda Perumnas Mandala Church, aiming to enhance youth understanding of the ITE Law and encourage responsible social media use. The activity was conducted through an interactive seminar and discussion involving 30 participants, focusing on three core topics: understanding the ITE Law, anti-hoax education, and digital sexual harassment prevention. The results showed a significant increase in participants’ awareness of digital ethics, legal responsibility, and strategies for online safety. Participants actively engaged in discussions, demonstrating high enthusiasm and comprehension of the material. This activity proves that collaboration between universities and churches can effectively promote digital legal literacy and moral awareness among the younger generation, supporting the creation of a safe, ethical, and law-abiding digital environment.

This study aims to analyze the semantic shift in language within digital culture through the perspectives of linguistics and the philosophy of language. The focus of the study is directed toward the phenomenon of memes, emojis, abbreviations, and popular expressions that have rapidly developed on social media platforms and often deviate from their standard meanings. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method using content analysis combined with a philosophical literature review. Data were obtained from various digital platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, and Twitter/X, as well as relevant academic sources. The results indicate that semantic shifts in digital language occur through patterns of meaning expansion, metaphorization, polysemy, and linguistic innovation. From the standpoint of the philosophy of language, these findings align with Wittgenstein's meaning is use theory and Austin's speech act theory, both of which emphasize that meaning is determined by the practical use of language and speech acts within social contexts. Thus, the changes in meaning in digital culture are not merely linguistic but also reflect the social, cultural, and technological dynamics that shape modern communication patterns.

This study explores the integration of Islamic educational supervision and scientific  knowledge within a deep learning framework enriched by ethnopedagogical values,  referred to as ETHNO-based love-centered curriculum implementation in  Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. The purpose of this research is to examine how supervisory  practices rooted in Islamic principles such as tarbiyah, uswah hasanah, and  tazkiyatun nafs can synergize with modern technological approaches, particularly  deep learning algorithms designed to enhance personalized learning, pattern  recognition, and adaptive feedback systems. Through a qualitative descriptive  approach, this study analyzes the role of teachers, supervisors, and educational  leaders in designing, applying, and evaluating learning processes that incorporate  local cultural wisdom, emotional bonding, and ethical-spiritual values. The findings reveal that combining Islamic supervision with ETHNO-based deep  learning creates a holistic learning ecosystem, allowing students to develop  academic competencies while strengthening character, empathy, and cultural  identity. The love-based curriculum model encourages a warm educational  atmosphere, improves student engagement, and fosters collaborative learning.  Furthermore, deep learning technologies help educators track student progress  more accurately, personalize instruction, and provide early intervention for  learning difficulties. The study concludes that an ETHNO-embedded deep learning  curriculum supervised through Islamic educational principles can significantly  enhance the quality of learning in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, promoting both cognitive  excellence and moral-spiritual development.

The rapid development of technology encourages the change in crime patterns from conventional to digital through the use of electronic devices. This phenomenon makes many individuals and groups use technology not only for positive purposes, but also to gain financial gain illegally. Instagram as one of the most popular social media applications has also become a space for digital crime practices, especially through the creation of fake accounts. Fake accounts are used for various harmful acts such as online fraud, the spread of fake news, the use of identities or photos without permission, acts of bullying and negative comments that trigger conflicts, to the spread of pornographic content. This research aims to identify the forms of fake account practices on Instagram, analyze the causative factors, and evaluate the application of applicable laws, especially Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions. The research method used is empirical legal research with a qualitative approach. The data was collected through interviews with investigators from the Directorate of Criminal Investigation of the Metro Jaya Police, academics, and civil society organizations (CSO). The results of the study show that the practice of fake accounts still often occurs due to low digital literacy, weak supervision from platforms, and not optimal law enforcement. Although Article 35 jo Article 51 paragraph (1) of the ITE Law has regulated the prohibition of data and identity manipulation, its implementation still faces a number of obstacles from aspects of legal substance, enforcement structure, and community legal culture. This study recommends the need for collaboration between the government and social media platforms in limiting the creation of fake accounts, improving people's digital literacy, and reformulating legal rules that are clearer and more adaptive to the dynamics of digital crime. These efforts are needed so that the protection of social media users is optimal and able to create a safe digital space.

This study aims to systematically examine the influence of digital literacy on the learning outcomes and 21st-century skills of high school students. The method used is a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) following the PRISMA guidelines. Data sources were obtained from various academic databases, including Google Scholar, ERIC, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink, with publications ranging from 2019 to 2025. A total of 30 articles were selected based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The analysis was conducted using a thematic approach to identify patterns, relationships, and the contribution of digital literacy to learning outcomes and the development of 21st-century skills, such as critical thinking, collaboration, communication, and creativity. The synthesis results show that digital literacy has a significant influence on improving learning outcomes and strengthening 21st-century competencies. This study emphasizes the importance of integrating digital literacy into secondary school curricula and teacher training to support effective 21st-century learning.

Delays in high-rise building construction projects in Surabaya are a crucial issue as they can significantly affect cost, quality, and project completion schedules. This reserach intends to identify the dominant factors contributing to project delays using the Relative Importance Index (RII) method, considering both frequency and impact aspects. Data were obtained from 80 valid respondents who hold strategic roles in construction project implementation, such as Project Managers, Site Managers, Site Engineers, Estimators, Field Supervisors, General Managers, and Company Directors. The analysis results indicate that in terms of frequency, the dominant factors are unfavorable weather conditions (RII = 0.750), labor shortages (RII = 0.743), and design changes during construction (RII = 0.735). Meanwhile, in terms of impact, the dominant factors are delays in material delivery (RII = 0.780), labor shortages (RII = 0.770), and substandard material quality (RII = 0.740). These findings emphasize that labor shortage consistently influences project delays in both frequency and impact, while weather and material factors show different patterns between occurrence and consequence. All dominant factors were classified into the High-Medium category, indicating that they should be prioritized in project risk management.

This study aims to analyze the role of digitalization in driving social development in Indonesia through the perspective of development sociology. Digitalization has become a major force transforming social structures, values, and interaction patterns in societies worldwide. The results show that digital technology contributes significantly to increased social participation, economic empowerment, and equitable access to information. However, on the other hand, challenges arise in the form of a digital divide between urban and rural communities that can deepen social inequality. In the context of development sociology, digitalization is not only viewed as a technological process, but also as a social phenomenon that influences the dynamics of community life. Therefore, digital-based development must be directed inclusively so that all levels of society receive equal benefits. The government, educational institutions, and the community need to synergize in strengthening digital literacy and maintaining socio-cultural values ​​amidst the current of technological globalization. With a fair and participatory approach, digitalization can be an important means of strengthening social solidarity and realizing shared prosperity.

This article discusses how the people of Efule village can maintain diversity in their local culture. Community development based on local culture is a development strategy that places local wisdom as the basis of values, knowledge, and various practices in the community empowerment process. The purpose of this study is to explain the local cultural values that can be integrated into community development efforts in order to achieve inclusive and sustainable development . The research method used in this study is descriptive qualitative research with a participatory approach through direct interviews and literature studies on various local community development practices. The results of the study indicate that local culture plays an important role in shaping social interaction patterns and support mechanisms for empowerment programs. In addition, the involvement of traditional and community leaders in the application of values such as mutual cooperation and social solidarity has been proven to strengthen a sense of ownership and collective responsibility for development. Integration into local culture in development policies needs to be maintained as a form of development.

Low science learning outcomes at the junior high school level are a major problem caused by the dominance of conventional, teacher-centered teaching methods. The purpose of this study is to examine various innovative learning strategies, how effective they are, and their impact on student learning outcomes. The literature review method was used to review national and international articles published between 2020 and 2025 that discuss the application of innovation-based learning strategies in science. The strategy patterns, implementation effectiveness, and their impact on student learning outcomes were analysed using content analysis techniques. The research findings indicate that strategies such as problem-based learning (PBL), project-based learning (PjBL), discovery learning, environmental-based learning, and cooperative learning using the Think-Pair-Share (TPS) method are effective in increasing students' motivation and activity, as well as their learning outcomes in the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. Generally speaking, the strategies are all student-centered. This is demonstrated by the constructivist approach, which emphasises contextual and collaborative learning. The results of this study indicate that implementing a creative learning approach can be an effective way to improve the quality of science learning and student learning outcomes in junior high school.

In modern soccer, lower-limb power is a crucial component that determines an athlete’s performance in sprinting, kicking, and jumping. This study aimed to compare the effects of Squat jump and Hexagon jump plyometric exercises on lower limb power in youth soccer athletes from Garuda Timur Football Academy Surabaya. The research employed a quasi-experimental method with a pretest–posttest two group design involving 12 athletes aged 14–17 years. Participants were divided into two groups of six: a Hexagon jump group and a Squat jump group. Lower limb power was assessed using the vertical jump test before and after the training intervention. Data were analyzed using the Matched Subject Ordinal Pairing (MSOP) method to determine the relative effectiveness of both training types. The results indicated that both exercises significantly improved athletes’ vertical jump performance. However, the Hexagon jump exercise showed greater effectiveness, with a winning proportion of 67% (4 out of 6 pairs) compared to 33% for the Squat jump. The superior results of the Hexagon jump group were attributed to its multidirectional movement pattern, which provides greater stimulation of coordination, balance, and neuromuscular reactivity. Therefore, it can be concluded that Hexagon jump training is more effective than Squat jump in enhancing lower limb power among youth soccer athletes.

Nutritional problems among preschool children remain a global and national concern. WHO (2017) reported that approximately 54% of child mortality under five is caused by malnutrition, while in Indonesia the prevalence of picky eaters reaches 20%, with West Java recording as high as 41.9%. The 2018 Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) data showed that the national stunting rate was still high at 30.8%, far from the national target of 19% in 2024. This study aimed to examine the relationship between picky eating behavior and physical activity with the nutritional status of preschool children at PAUD Kiddy Kid Center Banda Aceh. This was an analytical study with a cross-sectional design. The population included all 42 preschool children at the institution, selected through total sampling. Data analysis was carried out using univariate and bivariate (Chi-Square test) analyses. The results showed a significant relationship between picky eating behavior and nutritional status (p = 0.001), as well as between physical activity and nutritional status (p = 0.001). Conclusion: There is a significant association between picky eating behavior, physical activity, and the nutritional status of preschool children. It is recommended that schools and parents collaborate in promoting healthy eating patterns and encouraging physical activity from an early age.

The digital era has transformed communication patterns among millennials and Gen Z in Indonesia. This study analyzes the phenomenon of code-mixing and code-switching on social media among students at STIE Balikpapan as representatives of the digital generation in a multiethnic environment. Employing a qualitative method with a virtual ethnography approach, data were collected through six months of virtual participant observation and systematic digital documentation across multiple social media platforms. The findings reveal that code-mixing predominantly occurs in intra-sentential and intra-lexical forms, while code-switching takes inter-sentential forms according to communication contexts. The primary factors driving mixed language use are social identity, communication efficiency, and audience adaptation. Balikpapan's multiethnic context enriches these practices through interactions among Indonesian, regional languages, and English. These findings contribute to the field of digital sociolinguistics and serve as a reference for language learning in higher education institutions and the development of Indonesian language policies.  

The rapid growth of web technologies and online services has increased the exposure of web applications to cyber threats such as Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) and SQL Injection (SQLi). Conventional rule-based mechanisms, such as Web Application Firewalls (WAFs), often fail to detect emerging attack patterns. To address this, Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) have emerged as adaptive approaches for enhancing web attack detection. This study performs a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines to analyze recent ML/DL-based detection methods. Of the 263 retrieved studies, 15 met the inclusion criteria for detailed review. The findings reveal that Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) are the most applied algorithms. At the same time, recent works emphasize Transformer-based and hybrid ML–DL models. These approaches achieved robust performance (accuracy 85–97%, F1-score >90%) but still face challenges in dataset representativeness, class imbalance, and computational cost. This review highlights future research directions in Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), Federated Learning (FL), and adversarial robustness to develop more efficient and trustworthy web attack detection systems.

The COVID-19 pandemic has served as a major catalyst in transforming work patterns and organizational culture across various sectors. This study aims to provide an in-depth description of changes in work culture after the pandemic using a qualitative descriptive method. Data were collected through literature reviews from scientific journals, books, and relevant research reports. The results show that the pandemic triggered significant transformations in organizational work systems, particularly through the adoption of flexible work models such as work from home (WFH) and hybrid working. This shift was accompanied by an increased reliance on digital technology as the primary tool for coordination, communication, and performance evaluation. In addition to systemic changes, the pandemic fostered new organizational values such as flexibility, empathy, trust, and work-life balance. Human-centered leadership has become increasingly vital for maintaining employee motivation and psychological well-being. In the context of human resource management, recruitment, training, and performance evaluation have become more result-oriented, emphasizing actual contributions rather than physical presence.  

This study aims to analyze the digitalization strategies implemented by Islamic banks to increase public interest in Sharia savings products. The research focuses on the use of digital technologies such as mobile banking, Islamic fintech, big data, and social media as key instruments to enhance service accessibility and strengthen customer trust. A qualitative descriptive method with a literature-based approach was employed by collecting and examining relevant academic sources. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify patterns and relationships between digitalization and customer interest in Sharia savings. The findings indicate that digitalization enhances service accessibility, operational efficiency, and personalized user experiences. Mobile banking plays a dominant role in improving transaction convenience, while social media contributes significantly to customer education and product promotion. Furthermore, collaboration with Islamic fintech supports financial inclusion and encourages innovation aligned with Sharia principles. The results confirm that digitalization is a strategic driver for Islamic banks to remain competitive and relevant within the evolving financial industry landscape.

This study aims to describe and analyze the communication strategy of the General Affairs (GA) Division of PT The UNV Serang in managing work relationships with outsourced workers from PT Tri Karya Cemerlang (TKC). Using a qualitative approach and in-depth interview methods, this study found that the GA Division implemented a structured and effective communication strategy, reflecting a deep understanding of Communication Strategy Theory, Organizational Communication, and Communication Management. The strategy involved thorough planning, flexible implementation, and continuous evaluation. The GA Division used various communication channels such as WhatsApp groups, weekly face-to-face meetings, and the use of visual media (photos/videos) to ensure clear and directed communication. This multi-channel approach facilitated timely and accurate information flow between departments and outsourced workers. Additionally, the GA Division positioned itself as a "communication bridge," centralizing coordination for all departments and ensuring smooth operational processes. The communication pattern employed was an effective combination of formal, hierarchical communication and informal, personal communication. This combination served to strengthen relationships, foster mutual understanding, and promote a collaborative work environment. The study highlights the importance of a strategic and adaptable communication framework that ensures seamless coordination, promotes positive work relationships, and contributes to organizational success. This research can serve as a reference for improving communication strategies in similar organizational settings.

Blood transfusion requires the availability of high-quality blood, which is determined, among others, by the donor's hemoglobin (Hb) level. One factor that may affect Hb is sleep quality. Objective: This study aims to determine the relationship between sleep quality and hemoglobin levels among prospective blood donors at UDD PMI South Sulawesi Province in 2025. Methods: An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design was conducted involving 100 respondents selected using purposive sampling. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), while Hb levels were measured using a hemoglobinometer. Data analysis was performed using the Chi-Square test with a significance level of p ≤ 0.05. Results: The majority of respondents (75%) had good sleep quality, while 25% had poor sleep quality. Normal Hb levels (12.5–17 g/dL) were found in 96% of respondents, while 3% were low and 1% were high. The Chi-Square test showed a significant relationship between sleep quality and Hb levels (p = 0.050). Conclusion: Good sleep quality is significantly associated with normal hemoglobin levels in prospective donors. Educational programs about healthy sleep patterns before donation are necessary to improve donor eligibility and ensure a safe blood supply.