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This study examines the role and challenges of evidence management in the criminal justice system in Indonesia, focusing on issues such as damage, loss, and inconsistency of evidence, which can significantly impact the evidentiary process and the outcome of criminal trials. Effective evidence management is crucial in ensuring the integrity of the legal process and upholding justice. The study employs a normative legal approach using statutory and conceptual methods to analyze the legal provisions that govern the confiscation, storage, and handling of evidence, specifically referring to Article 39 of the Indonesian Criminal Procedure Code. This article sets forth the procedures for evidence confiscation by law enforcement authorities and outlines their responsibilities in maintaining and presenting the evidence in court. A major concern in the management of evidence is the potential damage or loss of evidence during the investigation or trial stages. Such issues undermine the validity of the evidence and can lead to unjust verdicts, affecting the principle of fairness in the criminal justice process. Additionally, inconsistencies in how evidence is handled, including mislabeling or failure to maintain chain-of-custody records, can raise doubts about the authenticity of the evidence and erode public trust in the legal system. This study highlights how these problems directly impact the judicial outcomes and the overall credibility of the justice system in Indonesia. Furthermore, this study discusses the challenges faced by law enforcement agencies and legal professionals in returning evidence that does not conform to its original condition. The return of damaged or improperly handled evidence not only violates the principle of justice but also affects the accused's right to a fair trial.

This study aims to investigate the influence of workload, competence, and red flags on auditors' ability to detect financial statement fraud. Fraud detection is a crucial aspect of the audit process, especially amidst increasing business complexity and pressure on the integrity of financial reporting. This study was conducted on 104 external auditors working at 12 Public Accounting Firms (KAP) operating in the Bekasi area. Respondents were selected using a purposive sampling technique, namely selecting samples based on certain criteria relevant to the research objectives. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires compiled based on research variable indicators, then analyzed using hypothesis testing with the help of SPSS Statistics software version 26. The results of the analysis indicate that partially, the variables of workload and red flags have a negative influence on auditors' ability to detect financial statement fraud. This indicates that auditors with high workloads or who do not accurately identify red flags have a lower tendency to detect fraud. Conversely, auditor competence shows a significant positive influence on fraud detection ability. Auditors who have adequate knowledge, skills, and experience tend to be more capable of identifying and analyzing indications of fraud in financial statements. Simultaneously, the three independent variables—workload, competence, and red flags—significantly influence auditors' ability to detect financial statement fraud. This finding underscores the importance of managing auditor workload, improving competence through ongoing training, and developing a thorough understanding of red flag indicators to enhance audit effectiveness and financial statement quality. This research is expected to contribute to the development of audit practices and the enhancement of auditor professionalism in Indonesia.

This study aims to test and analyze the influence of independence, task complexity, and auditor experience on audit judgment. Audit judgment is one of the important components in the audit process that determines the quality of audit report results. The better the auditor's consideration, the higher the level of reliability of the audited financial statements. This research was conducted at Public Accounting Firms (KAP) operating in the Bekasi area. The variables used in this study consisted of audit judgment as a dependent variable, and independence, task complexity, and auditor experience as independent variables. The sampling technique was carried out using a non-probability sampling method, using a purposive sampling approach. The sample obtained was 12 companies with a total of 76 auditor respondents. The analysis method used is Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) by measuring three stages: outer model test, inner model test, and hypothesis test. The results of the study show that the three independent variables, namely independence, task complexity, and auditor experience, have a positive and significant influence on audit judgment. This means that the higher the level of auditor independence, the more complex the tasks handled, and the more experience the auditor has, the better the audit considerations will be in the audit decision-making process. The implications of this study underscore the importance of maintaining and improving the quality of auditor professionalism, through continuous training, increasing flight hours, and maintaining an independent attitude in carrying out the audit process. In addition, the organization is also expected to provide adequate support for the sustainable development of auditor competencies. It is hoped that these findings can be an input for public accounting firms and related institutions in improving the quality of financial audit results and strengthening public trust in the auditor profession.

The implementation of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) represents a major advancement in health information systems, playing a vital role in improving service efficiency, data security, and the quality of medical documentation. This study utilizes a literature review approach to assess EMR implementation in hospitals by analyzing findings from 20 relevant journals. Literature sources were obtained from indexed national scientific publications, with a focus on the benefits, challenges, and critical success factors of EMR adoption. The results reveal that EMR use can enhance service efficiency by up to 40%, expedite medical decision-making, and increase the accuracy of patient data. Additionally, EMR reduces the risk of data loss, facilitates coordination among healthcare professionals, and supports more effective integration of medical information. Despite these benefits, EMR implementation encounters several challenges, such as inadequate technological infrastructure, resistance from some healthcare personnel toward digital systems, and the need for ongoing training to ensure optimal use. If not addressed properly, these barriers may limit the system’s effectiveness. Key factors influencing successful implementation include strong management commitment, early involvement of end-users during the planning phase, and system flexibility to meet specific clinical requirements. Therefore, EMR implementation should adopt a holistic approach that integrates human resource readiness, technological capacity, and clear regulatory frameworks. With well-structured strategies, consistent institutional support, and comprehensive training programs, EMR has the potential to be a driving force in the digital transformation of healthcare. This transformation can lead to sustainable improvements in service quality, patient data security, and operational efficiency in hospital settings.

This study also highlights the importance of ongoing professional development for pre-service teachers, emphasizing that preparation for handling diverse classroom needs is crucial for effective DI implementation. Pre-service teachers identified the need for more targeted training in understanding students' individual learning styles and needs, especially when dealing with large classrooms and limited resources. The findings also suggest that collaborative learning among educators, through workshops and peer mentoring, plays a significant role in overcoming the challenges of DI. In addition, institutional support was identified as a key factor in facilitating the effective use of DI. Participants reported that a lack of resources, such as teaching aids and time, was a primary barrier to the full implementation of DI. Schools and educational institutions were urged to provide more resources and structured support systems to enable teachers to tailor their teaching methods to accommodate the varying abilities of their students. Furthermore, the integration of technology was highlighted as an effective strategy to differentiate instruction, allowing teachers to cater to diverse learning needs in a more flexible and engaging manner. For instance, digital tools such as learning management systems and interactive applications were utilized by some participants to create personalized learning paths for students, fostering both engagement and motivation. These strategies not only helped overcome some of the limitations faced by the teachers but also allowed students to engage more actively with the learning material. Ultimately, this study emphasizes that the successful implementation of Differentiated Instruction requires a collaborative effort between pre-service teachers, their educational institutions, and ongoing support systems.

Divorce has a significant impact on a child's psychological and social development, particularly in the aspect of determining custody rights, which should prioritize the principle of the child's best interests. This study aims to analyze the balance between Islamic legal norms as stipulated in the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) and positive law in Indonesia, in cases where children under the age of 12 express a desire to live with their father after the divorce. The research approach used is a juridical-normative with a qualitative analysis method that focuses on a literature review of laws and regulations such as the KHI, the Marriage Law, the Child Protection Law, and the Convention on the Rights of the Child, as well as relevant legal and jurisprudential literature. The results of the study indicate that although normatively the KHI prioritizes the mother as the caregiver of children under 12 years old, there is room for flexibility that allows the court to consider the child's wishes if it better ensures the child's welfare and safety. This approach is supported by the principle of maslahah mursalah in Islamic law, which allows adjustments for the benefit of the child. The main challenges in its implementation include the minimal involvement of professionals such as child psychologists in the evaluation process, the existence of gender stereotypes that influence judges' decisions, and emotional conflicts between parents that often override the interests of the child. Therefore, this study recommends that judicial institutions actively involve psychologists and mediators in custody proceedings, improve training for judges in understanding the psychosocial dynamics of children, and update legal guidelines so that children's wishes can be assessed objectively. Furthermore, education to the wider public about the importance of gender non-discrimination in child care is also needed so that custody decisions truly reflect the principles of comprehensive child protection and welfare.

Self-evaluation is an important instrument in teacher professional development, as it can help identify strengths and weaknesses in learning practices. This study aims to describe in depth the practice of teacher self-evaluation, the supporting and inhibiting factors, and its impact on teacher professional development in the school environment. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study method focused on a teacher at SMA Negeri 1 Maumere. Data collection techniques were conducted through an open-ended questionnaire designed to explore teachers' understanding of self-evaluation practices, as well as observations of lesson planning documents. The results showed that the teachers who were the subjects of the study had fairly good lesson planning and demonstrated a commitment to improving the quality of teaching. However, several challenges remained, such as difficulties in optimally adapting the curriculum to student needs and limitations in developing and implementing relevant learning evaluation instruments. Furthermore, the utilization of evaluation results for learning improvement has not been optimal. Although teachers have been active in Classroom Action Research (CAR), the integration of self-evaluation results into learning innovations still requires strengthening. Factors supporting self-evaluation include teachers' intrinsic motivation to develop, principal support, and relevant training. Meanwhile, inhibiting factors include time constraints, administrative burdens, and the lack of reflective forums at the school level. This study confirms that self-evaluation conducted in a structured and reflective manner can play a significant role in improving teachers' professional competence and the quality of learning in schools.

This community service activity was implemented with an educational and participatory approach through outreach activities, lectures, discussions, and intensive mentoring. This activity was aimed at participants in the meeting to establish the Merah Putih Village Cooperative, consisting of various elements of the community, Lembang officials, and several representatives from related sectors who have a direct or indirect relationship with village economic development through cooperatives. The material provided included an understanding of the basics of cooperatives, the benefits of the existence of cooperatives for village communities, as well as the stages or legal and administrative flows in the process of establishing a cooperative in accordance with applicable regulations in Indonesia. In addition, participants were also given insight into the principles of good cooperative governance, financial transparency, member meeting mechanisms, and the distribution of SHU (Surplus Operating Results) fairly and proportionally. The material was delivered through interactive lectures and open discussions that allowed for active participant participation to ask questions, provide suggestions, and express their experiences and hopes for the cooperative that will be formed. The activity continued with mentoring in the process of establishing the cooperative's organizational structure, including the election of administrators, the preparation of AD/ART, and understanding the duties and responsibilities of each element in the cooperative organization. The primary goal of this mentoring activity is to provide comprehensive understanding, increase community capacity to manage cooperatives independently and professionally, and encourage active community participation in productive economic activities through cooperatives. Thus, it is hoped that the Merah Putih Village Cooperative can become a sustainable driving force for the local economy.

This study aims to find out the role of the El-Diina Sukabumi Play Group (KB) in improving the quality of early childhood education. The background of this research is based on the importance of early childhood education institutions as the main foundation in shaping children's character and basic abilities, especially in the midst of increasing demands on the quality of national education. Quality early childhood education is one of the important factors in supporting children's optimal growth and development from an early age, both from cognitive and emotional aspects. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with observation techniques, in-depth interviews, and documentation as the main methods in data collection. The research subjects included school principals, teachers, and parents of students at KB El-Diina Sukabumi who were selected purposively in accordance with the research objectives. The results of the study show that KB El-Diina has implemented various strategies in improving the quality of educational services, including the implementation of a character-based curriculum, regular teacher training, active involvement of parents in the learning process, and the creation of a safe, comfortable, and fun learning environment for children. In addition, the use of learning methods that are in accordance with the child's developmental stage is also one of the success factors of the institution in improving the quality of education. The findings show that these efforts have a positive impact on children's cognitive, social, emotional, and motor development. Children look more confident, independent, and active in daily learning activities in the classroom and outdoors. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of professional, sustainable, and adaptive management of family planning institutions to the needs of children's development. This is the foundation for creating quality, relevant, and holistic child development early childhood education services.

This study explores the strategic use of garbarata as an advertising medium at Minangkabau International Airport, Padang. The garbarata, which is a connecting bridge between the terminal and the aircraft, has great potential as an exclusive advertising space and has high exposure to passengers. However, this potential has not been optimally maximized. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews with airport management, direct observation of the garbarata conditions, and analysis of documentation related to advertising policies and non-aeronautical asset management. The results of the study indicate that there are several main obstacles in the use of garbarata as a promotional medium. These obstacles include minimal promotional activities to potential advertisers, unclear pricing systems for advertising space rentals, lack of collaboration with advertising agencies, and limitations in the provision of design services and visual creativity. This has led to low interest of companies in utilizing this media as part of their marketing strategy. To overcome these problems, this study proposes several development strategies, including: increasing active and planned promotional activities, setting flexible and competitive rental prices, strategic collaboration with professional advertising agencies, and providing creative design services to support the effectiveness of advertising messages. This strategy is expected to attract more companies to advertise on the aerobridge, thereby increasing the airport's non-aeronautical revenue. With proper optimization, the aerobridge will not only serve as a functional passenger facility but can also transform into a strategic asset supporting the airport's sustainable commercial development and creating added value for both the operator and its business partners.

Excessive fat consumption can lead to increased cholesterol levels in the body, which in turn can trigger various serious health problems, including heart disease, blood vessel blockage, and even stroke. Blood cholesterol consists of two main types: LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) cholesterol, often referred to as bad cholesterol, and HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) cholesterol, which plays a role in transporting cholesterol from the blood vessels to the liver for excretion. Elevated LDL cholesterol levels can cause plaque buildup on blood vessel walls, which narrows blood flow and increases the risk of various cardiovascular diseases. One method considered effective for lowering LDL cholesterol levels in the blood is by consuming phytosterols, compounds found naturally in various types of plants. Phytosterols have a structure similar to cholesterol and can compete with cholesterol for absorption in the intestine. This results in a decrease in the amount of cholesterol entering the body, thereby reducing total cholesterol levels and especially LDL cholesterol in the blood. Research shows that giving food or supplements containing about 3 grams of phytosterols per day to human subjects can reduce LDL cholesterol levels by up to 15%. Furthermore, phytosterols directly isolated from plants, such as green beans, have also been shown to significantly lower LDL cholesterol levels. Studies in mice fed phytosterols isolated from green beans showed a reduction in blood LDL cholesterol levels of more than 30%. This demonstrates the potential of phytosterols as a natural ingredient that can be used to support cholesterol management in the body. Although phytosterols have significant potential in lowering cholesterol levels, it is important to remember that consuming supplements or foods containing phytosterols should be done under the supervision and recommendation of a medical professional, especially for individuals with certain medical conditions or who are taking medications.  

This study aims to analyze the influence of quantitative analysis skills and statistical mastery on managerial decision-making among Management students in Bekasi. The background of this study is based on the importance of data literacy and analytical skills in supporting effective decision-making processes, especially amidst the increasing demand for data-driven businesses. This study used a quantitative approach with a census technique on 67 respondents. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression through classical assumption tests, partial tests (t-tests), and simultaneous (F-tests). The results showed that both quantitative analysis skills and statistical mastery have a positive and significant effect individually on managerial decision-making skills. Quantitative analysis skills, which include the ability to process data in numerical form and interpret it critically, have been shown to strengthen decision-making skills in various situations. Likewise, statistical mastery provides a foundation for analyzing data systematically and producing evidence-based decisions. Simultaneously, these two variables explain 60.8% of the variation in decision-making. These findings emphasize the importance of mastering quantitative and statistical skills for students in facing the complexity of decision-making in a professional environment. This study recommends strengthening the curriculum and providing practical data-based training to improve students' readiness for more informed and analytically sound managerial decision-making. Furthermore, it is recommended that students be given more opportunities to engage in case studies involving real-world data, as well as the use of statistical software that can accelerate the analysis and decision-making process. Improving data and statistical literacy will give students a competitive advantage in an increasingly data-driven business world.

This community service activity was carried out with the aim of increasing the capacity of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Panda Village, Palibelo District, Bima Regency, particularly in the culinary MSME sector in terms of preparing digital-based financial reports. MSMEs often face obstacles in maintaining structured financial records, so intervention in the form of appropriate guidance and training is needed. The solution offered in this activity is the use of the General Accounting (AKU) application which is specifically designed to facilitate digital business financial recording. The community service activity was carried out through three main stages, namely: (1) an initial survey to identify the needs and level of understanding of participants regarding financial reports; (2) direct training and mentoring related to the use of the AKU application, which included an introduction to the application features, practice recording transactions, and simulation of creating financial reports; and (3) evaluation of the results of the activity to assess the effectiveness of the training. The results of this activity showed a significant increase in participants' understanding of preparing MSME financial reports. Before the training, only around 20% of participants had a basic understanding of financial recording. After the training, the level of understanding increased to 80%. Furthermore, 100% of participants were able to operate the AKU application effectively, understand its features, and successfully apply it to record transactions and prepare financial reports for their respective businesses. Thus, this activity has had a positive impact on the digital financial literacy of MSMEs and made a real contribution to supporting more professional and sustainable business management. It is hoped that this training can serve as a model for similar programs in other regions.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a strategic role in supporting the growth and stability of the national economy (Endra et al., 2024), particularly in the ever-expanding culinary sector. However, MSMEs often face challenges in creating visually appealing and professional promotional elements. One example is BentoDay, a food business in West Jakarta that still relies on simple promotions through social media without optimal content packaging. This activity aims to improve the digital promotional capacity of MSMEs through a training and mentoring program focused on creating logos and product catalogs using Canva. Canva is a digital-based visual design tool that is easy to use, even for beginners, to create content such as posters, banners, and social media promotional materials (Akbar et al., n.d.). This training was conducted through a series of activities, starting with initial observation, direct training, intensive mentoring, and evaluation of participants' designs. The results showed that participants were able to independently produce promotional materials, such as logos and product catalogs, with more attractive and consistent designs. In addition to improving design skills, this training also had a positive impact on MSMEs' digital marketing strategies. Good visual design has been shown to increase consumer appeal and product sales. Thus, mastering digital skills is crucial for strengthening brand identity and expanding market reach (Andari, Sari, & Hidayat, 2025). The use of Canva has proven effective in supporting the digital promotional transformation of MSMEs to become more competitive in the digital era.

This study aims to determine and analyze the potential and challenges of culinary businesses, the implementation of digitalization and halal certification, and the development of an effective and sustainable model for the "Resto Apung" culinary business to support food economic independence in coastal villages. The research was conducted at "Resto Apung" using a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques such as interviews, observations, and focus group discussions. The findings show that the "Resto Apung" business holds significant potential as a culinary destination with a strong attraction due to its unique location and menu offerings based on local marine products. However, several challenges hinder its development, including low digital literacy among business managers, lack of structured and professional management systems, and the absence of halal certification which is crucial in targeting broader Muslim consumer segments. Currently, digitalization has only been applied in the marketing aspect, primarily through social media, while other aspects such as financial management, customer service, and operational processes are still managed conventionally. Nevertheless, the managers have shown awareness and initiatives to improve, especially in recognizing halal certification as a strategic competitive advantage. The proposed development model integrates digitalization into all aspects of business management, enhances human resource capacity through technical and managerial training, and includes efforts to obtain halal certification. This holistic approach is expected to increase the competitiveness of the culinary business, optimize local potential, and ultimately contribute to the achievement of food economic independence in coastal areas.

MSMEs play a strategic role in supporting the growth and stability of the national economy (Endra et al., 2024), especially in the culinary sector which continues to grow. However, a fundamental problem commonly experienced by MSMEs is the ability to create visually attractive and professional promotional elements. One example is BentoDay, a food business in West Jakarta, which still relies on simple visual promotions through social media without optimal content packaging. This activity aims to develop the digital promotional capacity of participants through program mentoring and training that focuses on creating logos and product catalogs using the Canva application, a digital tool used for easy-to-use visual design purposes that allows even beginners to create posters, banners and social media content (Akbar et al., n.d.). Initial observations, direct training, intensive mentoring, and evaluation of participants' design results are part of the mentoring activity approach. The results of the activity implementation illustrate that participants have the ability to independently produce promotional materials, such as business logos and product catalogs with more attractive and consistent designs. This training not only improves participants' design skills but also has a positive impact on the digital marketing strategy of culinary businesses. MSMEs can improve their competitiveness and increase sales by implementing better design. This approach demonstrates the importance of acquiring digital skills for MSMEs to strengthen their brand identity and expand their consumer reach (Andari, N., Sari, D.P., & Hidayat, 2025). Therefore, using Canva has proven useful for enhancing the competitiveness of MSME digital promotions.

Museums as cultural preservation institutions have the responsibility to convey information about collections in an informative manner to the public. One of the historical events displayed at the Brawijaya Museum is Operation Trident in 1968. This research aims to design collection labels as an effective communication medium by considering aspects of archive classification, material selection, label design, and information readability. The method used is action research which is carried out through the planning and action stages. The label is designed using Art Paper material with a combination of black-and-white colors and Times New Roman fonts. This research not only emphasizes the aesthetic aspect, but also pays attention to the functional aspect in conveying messages to visitors. The label design process is carried out by paying attention to the suitability between historical content and the form of visual presentation, so that information can be conveyed in a concise, clear, and interesting manner. Effectiveness evaluation was carried out through the EPIC model approach to 105 respondents, including empathy, persuasion, impact, and communication indicators. The results of the study showed that the label was designed to be very effective as a communication medium for museums with high scores on all four indicators. The implication of this research is to improve the visitor experience in understanding the historical value of collections and the efficiency of archive management in the museum environment. In addition, the design of this label can be a reference for other museums in developing information media based on a visual communication approach that is right on target. Thus, the museum serves not only as a repository of artifacts, but also as an interactive and communicative educational center. Furthermore, this research emphasizes the importance of integration between information technology and visual communication strategies in the management of modern museums. The use of professionally designed labels based on the results of empirical evaluation contributes to the improvement of the image of museum institutions in the eyes of the public. It is hoped that this approach can encourage museums to be more innovative in creating participatory learning experiences, especially for the younger generation.

The current transformation of the workplace demands that organizations be more adaptive in understanding the factors that influence employee productivity, especially among the younger generation. Generation Z, as an age group that is starting to dominate the workforce, brings different characteristics and needs, including in terms of work-life balance and motivation. They tend to value time more, opportunities for self-development, and an inclusive work environment that supports a balance between professional and personal life. This study aims to determine the relationship between work-life balance and motivation on the performance of Generation Z employees in Klaten Regency. This study used a quantitative approach with a survey method. A total of 100 respondents were selected using a purposive sampling technique based on age and employment status criteria. The research instrument was a questionnaire using a five-point Likert scale, which included statements related to the dimensions of work-life balance, levels of work motivation (both intrinsic and extrinsic), and employee performance indicators. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25 software with correlation tests and multiple regression. The results showed that both work-life balance and motivation have a positive and significant relationship on employee performance. Among these two variables, motivation is the dominant factor influencing performance improvement. This suggests that while work-life balance is important, internal employee motivations such as passion, purpose, and a sense of belonging have a greater impact on job performance. The implications of these findings suggest that companies need to design human resource management strategies that are not only flexible but also responsive to the needs of the younger generation. Creating a work environment that supports work-life balance, provides recognition, and provides career opportunities.

The purpose of this study is to reveal the character education values of the superstar Cristiano Ronaldo, which have not been studied in depth before. The character research was selected with literature sources, and analyzed qualitatively. The discussion and analysis resulted in findings that Cristiano Ronaldo has several superior characters, namely: religious, honest, competitive, self-confident, professional, high work ethic, disciplined, love for the country, appreciate achievement, communicative, care for the environment, care for society, and responsibility. These character values make him a superstar who stands out both on and off the field. His religious devotion, honesty, and sense of responsibility reflect strong moral foundations, setting him as a role model for aspiring athletes and individuals seeking success. Ronaldo's competitive spirit and high self-confidence have helped him achieve excellence on the field, while his professional attitude and exceptional work ethic highlight the importance of dedication and perseverance in achieving success. Furthermore, his discipline in training and love for his country portray a deep commitment not only to his career but also to his community and country. Additionally, Ronaldo's appreciation for achievement, communicative nature, and care for the environment demonstrate that his character extends beyond personal success, as he values teamwork and the well-being of others. His contribution to various charitable causes and societal issues further establishes his role as a responsible individual who uses his fame and fortune for the betterment of society. These character values make him an ideal role model, both in the world of sports and in broader society. We recommend Cristiano Ronaldo's character values as a role model for those who hope for a successful career, and inspiration for the practice of Islamic education values, as they encompass integrity, hard work, and social responsibility.

Forgery of diplomas constitutes a criminal act that undermines the integrity of the national education system and negatively impacts public trust in educational institutions as well as law enforcement in Indonesia. This study aims to thoroughly examine the criminal law regulations governing diploma forgery, particularly under Article 263 of the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP), along with the essential elements required for an act to be classified as diploma forgery. Furthermore, the study explores the implementation of criminal law in handling diploma forgery cases in Indonesia, including the challenges and obstacles faced by law enforcement officers and the structural and cultural factors affecting the effectiveness of law enforcement. This research employs a normative legal approach, utilizing statutory, conceptual, and case study methods to obtain comprehensive theoretical and empirical insights. The findings reveal that despite the existence of clear and stringent legal provisions, law enforcement practices still encounter barriers such as inadequate diploma verification systems, the absence of an integrated national diploma database, and low public legal awareness regarding the consequences of diploma forgery. Cases involving professional individuals committing diploma forgery underscore the need for more consistent and systematic law enforcement. Consequently, this study recommends the development of an integrated national diploma database, enhancement of law enforcement capacity and coordination, intensified public legal education and outreach, and the strict application of legal sanctions to effectively prevent and prosecute perpetrators of diploma forgery