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This study rigorously investigates the Ulul Albab spiritual leadership construct and its impact on psychological well-being among campus da'wah activists, employing a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) approach grounded in both theoretical integration and empirical data. The inquiry draws upon a meta-analysis of 47 quantitative studies encompassing a total of 12,847 respondents from leading universities in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei Darussalam, spanning the years 2018 to 2024. This methodological scope enhances the external validity of the findings. The CFA results confirm that the Ulul Albab spiritual leadership model exhibits a robust level of model fit, as indicated by optimal statistical indices (χ²/df = 2.34; CFI = 0.956; TLI = 0.943; RMSEA = 0.047; SRMR = 0.039), suggesting strong coherence between the theoretical construct and field data. The three core dimensions conceptualized in this model are statistically validated through high factor loadings: intellectual spirituality (0.847), Islamic transformational leadership (0.823), and emotional-spiritual intelligence (0.791), each serving as integral pillars of the Ulul Albab paradigm. Furthermore, structural regression analysis reveals a significant effect of Ulul Albab spiritual leadership on the psychological well-being of da'wah activists (β = 0.673; p < 0.001; R² = 0.453), thereby affirming the model's predictive strength in fostering individual potential rooted in Islamic spiritual values. These findings reinforce the theoretical propositions advanced by Garden, M. (2004), Fry (2003), and Zohar and Marshall (2000) regarding the significance of spiritual leadership within organizational dynamics. However, this study offers a novel conceptual contribution through the epistemological synthesis of the Ulul Albab construct, integrating intellectual and spiritual intelligence within a holistic Islamic framework. Unlike Western-based models of spiritual leadership proposed by Fry and Nisiewicz (2020), the Ulul Albab construct demonstrates a notable advantage in the dimension of intellectual spirituality, as evidenced by its higher factor loading (0.847 compared to 0.634), underscoring the imperative of balancing dzikir and fikir as both ethical and cognitive foundations in contemporary Islamic leadership.

This study comprehensively examines the impact of social media on the formation and intensification of collective trauma in the Middle East through a digital meta-analytical approach synthesizing 47 empirical studies, encompassing a total of 31,842 participants, published between 2015 and 2024. The results reveal a strong and statistically significant correlation between the intensity of social media use and levels of collective trauma, with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.67 and a p-value of < 0.001, indicating a consistent and substantive relationship. Furthermore, regression analysis indicates that exposure to violent content through social media accounts for 43.2 percent of the variance in communal post-traumatic stress symptoms, affirming the role of digital media as a significant catalyst in amplifying collective psychological responses to conflict in the Middle East. Daily social media use exceeding five hours was found to significantly increase the risk of experiencing collective trauma by 2.8 times, with an odds ratio of 2.84 and a 95 percent confidence interval ranging from 2.31 to 3.49. Platforms such as Facebook and Twitter demonstrated a more substantial influence in widely disseminating traumatic experiences, with a beta coefficient of 0.58, compared to Instagram, which had a relatively lower influence with a beta value of 0.34, indicating that the structural and technological logic of each platform mediates the psychological transmission effect. Thematic analysis across studies revealed three primary mechanisms through which trauma is transmitted via social media: first, the amplification of traumatic narratives, accounting for 41.3 percent of identified patterns; second, the normalization of violence at 32.7 percent; and third, the reinforcement of collective identity based on shared traumatic experiences at 26.0 percent, thereby creating a digital ecosystem prone to the social accumulation of negative emotional states. These findings substantially expand the scope of prior research, such as that conducted by Atallah in 2017 and Nasciutti and Rahbari-Jawoko in 2021, which focused more narrowly on individual trauma, by highlighting a broader collective dimension and emphasizing the specific roles of various digital platforms in reinforcing these psychosocial dynamics. This study also identifies a novel pattern of both theoretical and practical significance, namely that algorithmic content recommendation contributes significantly to the formation of closed psychological echo chambers of trauma, intensifying exposure to traumatic content and deepening the affective impact of Middle Eastern conflict within digital spaces, with a significance level of p < 0.001. Accordingly, these findings underscore the urgent need for strategically designed and contextually grounded digital interventions to mitigate the burden of collective trauma in communities affected by protracted armed conflict in the Middle East.

Toxic professional relationships—characterized by subtle exclusion, politicized decision-making, and emotional suppression—are a prevalent yet underexamined concern in academic institutions. This research emphasizes the psychological, pedagogical, and emotional repercussions for educators in situations characterized by workplace conflict, in contrast to prior studies that primarily examine structural factors. The study seeks to examine how educators perceive, interpret, and react to toxic dynamics, especially via reflective processes. We gathered data from three years of anonymized reflective journaling employing a qualitative, narrative-reflective methodology and conducted a theme analysis. Research highlights three main themes: the emotional effort needed to maintain professionalism despite feeling excluded, changes in teaching methods as a way to resist and find meaning, and how reflective practice helps teachers stay true to their teaching values. The analysis further demonstrates how gender and early-career status exacerbate susceptibility to toxic dynamics. The study prioritizes ethical contemplation as a transforming practice and a means of action instead of providing prescriptive solutions. Institutions should implement emotional intelligence training, equitable task allocation, and peer support mechanisms to cultivate more equal academic settings. This research advocates for a work culture founded on explicit performance expectations, mutual respect, compassion, and integrity in education, facilitating a deeper comprehension of teachers' authentic experiences in challenging school environments.

The retail industry is one of the choices for people to fulfill their needs. With the dynamics of the retail industry that had slumped, one of the local retailers in Yogyakarta, Pamella Supermarket, became the favorite choice of the people of Yogyakarta. One of the Pamella Supermarket branches, Pamella 9 Supermarket Wonosari, is always crowded with customers and its existence absorbs the youth workforce of Gunungkidul area. The existence of competition in this industry requires many supporting factors to survive.  In this study, several important factors are examined, including work motivation, work environment, work experience and employee loyalty. This study aims to analyze the simultaneous influence of work motivation, work environment and work experience on employee loyalty at the Pamella 9 supermarket in Wonosari. The research data was collected from 60 respondents through interviews and questionnaires. To analyze the data obtained, multiple linear regression techniques were used and processed with SPSS version 27.The results showed some important conclusions: first, work motivation did not have a significant influence; second, the work environment had a positive and significant influence; third, work experience also had a positive and significant influence; fourth, overall, work motivation, work environment and work experience had a significant effect on employee loyalty at Pamella 9 Supermarket in Wonosari.

Digital transformation in the Islamic banking sector requires innovation that is responsive to user needs. The BYOND by BSI application is a form of digital transformation by Bank Syariah Indonesia in response to these dynamics. This study aims to examine customer acceptance and satisfaction with the use of the BYOND application based on five recent national studies. The research findings indicate that factors such as perceived usefulness, ease of use, trust, and Islamic banking features play a significant role in driving customer usage and loyalty. Challenges include low digital literacy and concerns about security. With a sustainable approach to feature development and digital education, BYOND has great potential to strengthen the digital Islamic banking ecosystem in Indonesia.

The increasing workload and pressure in the field of education necessitate effective Adversity Quotient (AQ) management to foster teacher resilience and uphold professionalism amid evolving challenges. This study aims to analyze how AQ management contributes to enhancing teacher performance and professionalism. In the face of continuous educational change, teachers are exposed to various pressures, including administrative burdens, curricular dynamics, and complex social expectations. AQ which consists of four core dimensions: Control, Ownership, Reach, and Endurance is considered a crucial factor influencing psychological resilience and professional consistency. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach to explore managerial strategies, teacher perceptions, and experiences in developing AQ within the school environment. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation. The findings reveal that AQ is managed through contextual and participatory approaches, supported by an open organizational culture, supportive leadership, and a psychosocially healthy work environment. Strengthening AQ has been shown to contribute to the development of adaptive, reflective, and professional educators. Therefore, integrating AQ into ongoing professional development programs is recommended as a strategic institutional response to the growing complexities of the educational landscape.

This study revisits the classification system of broken plurals (jamak taksir) in Arabic, focusing on the categories of jamak qillah (few) and jamak katsrah (many), through a modern linguistic lens encompassing semantic, pragmatic, and corpus-based approaches. Traditional morphological classifications often fail to reflect actual meanings in context, particularly in Qur’anic discourse. Using a qualitative descriptive method combined with corpus linguistics technology, this research explores the dynamics of meaning and function of plural forms in the Qur'an. The findings reveal that jamak qillah and jamak katsrah forms do not consistently denote quantity in a literal sense, but are often selected for rhetorical, thematic, or communicative purposes. Consequently, the teaching of Arabic morphology and exegetical studies should adopt a more contextual and data-driven approach

The role of the principal in educational management has undergone significant changes in line with the dynamics of 21st-century needs. Demands for improved learning quality have led to the emergence of a new paradigm that positions the principal not merely as an administrative leader but as a learning leader capable of facilitating a culture of continuous learning within the school environment. This study aims to reflect on and reformulate the principal's strategic role through the integration of two leadership approaches: instructional leadership, which emphasizes strengthening the learning process, and transformational leadership, which focuses on vision, motivation, and empowerment of all school members. The method used is a literature review of 26 national and international scientific articles published in the last ten years. The results of the study indicate that the synthesis of these two leadership models strengthens the principal's capacity to create a collaborative, adaptive school climate oriented toward continuous improvement of educational quality. This research is expected to serve as a conceptual foundation for future school leadership development policies and practices.

This study employs a descriptive qualitative method with the aim of describing and analyzing issues related to employee work discipline. A qualitative approach is utilized by relying on both primary and secondary data. The primary data in this research were obtained through direct field observation, interviews, and documentation of employee work activities, while secondary data were collected from books, journals, and other literature relevant to the topic of work discipline. The main data sources consist of interview transcripts with four informants, including from HRD, Project Control, and two staff at PT Safemax Indonesia. Informants were selected purposively, as they were considered to have a deep understanding of the situation and dynamics of work discipline within the company. The primary objective of this research is to understand how work discipline is implemented, the influencing factors, and the challenges faced in its application. The findings reveal that although the company has established clear standards and rules, the implementation of work discipline still faces challenges such as ineffective communication, high workload, fatigue, and external factors like weather and field conditions. These findings highlight the need for improved managerial strategies and more adaptive motivational approaches to foster a more disciplined and productive work culture.

This research discusses "The Dynamics of Agrarian Conflicts: Political Perspectives of Land Rights (Case Study of the Conflict Between PT. Swarna Cinde Raya with residents of Pangkalan Benteng Village, Talang Kelapa District, Banyuasin Regency)''. It aims to find out the causes and development of the dynamics of agrarian conflicts between the residents of Pangkalan Benteng Village and PT Swarna Cinde Raya. The research method used was qualitative. With primary data, namely residents of Pangkalan Benteng village, Banyuasin Regency. Data collection techniques through interviews and documentation. The results of the study show that first. The agrarian conflict between the residents of Pangkalan Benteng Village and PT Swarna Cinde Raya occurred due to overlapping land claims, land evictions by the company, and the slow response of the government and law enforcement. The main causes are ownership disputes, human rights violations, and lack of transparency in the resolution of cases by the authorities. Second,  the agrarian conflict between the residents of Pangkalan Benteng Village and PT Swarna Cinde Raya (PT SCR) has been going on since 2009. PT SCR claims that the 200 hectares of land managed by residents for generations has now been reduced to 80 hectares. The company put up prohibition signs based on the Agrarian Cases Law, causing intimidation and uncertainty for residents. Residents feel that their rights have been deprived, suffered losses due to evictions, and have received a slow response from the government and law enforcement. South Sumatra's Ministry of Law and Human Rights recommends a settlement through legal channels, but the slow and lack of transparency creates public distrust and risks escalating conflicts. This conflict reflects structural problems of agrarian management in Indonesia, such as power imbalances, overlapping regulations, and weak protection of indigenous peoples' rights. A just settlement must prioritize transparency, community participation, and respect for human rights so that conflicts do not spread.

Long-distance marriages are increasingly common due to economic and work demands. This presents challenges in maintaining the commitment of married couples. This study aims to describe the nature of marriage commitment in long-distance relationships, examining it from personal, moral, and structural perspectives. Data collection techniques used in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation. The research informants were married couples in long-distance marriages. The results show that couples in long-distance marriages still have a strong commitment. The personal commitment aspect is reflected in the intensity of communication, maintained love and attraction, and is identified as a couple that is internalized in each other. The moral aspect shows from ethical awareness and cultural and religious values that strengthen responsibility towards partners. Meanwhile, structural commitment is identified through the presence of children, financial responsibility, and external obstacles that support maintaining the relationship. The psychological dynamics of couples are characterized by the ability to regulate emotions, cognitive adjustment to distance, and strong intrinsic motivation. These findings suggest that marital commitment can be maintained in long-distance marriages if supported by shared awareness, quality communication, and strong shared values.

The community service program titled Great Youth, Strong Mentality at Untung Suropati Catholic High School aimed to enhance students understanding and skills in managing stress and anxiety, which are increasingly prevalent among adolescents due to academic pressures, social dynamics, environmental changes, and excessive exposure to social media. These issues are exacerbated by a lack of knowledge about effective stress management strategies, such as relaxation techniques and emotional communication, as well as the stigma surrounding mental health that discourages adolescents from seeking help. The counseling was conducted using an interactive approach, comprising a 30-minute informative lecture to explain the concepts of stress and anxiety, small group discussions (5–7 students) to encourage reflection and sharing of experiences, and practical exercises on relaxation techniques, such as diaphragmatic breathing and mindfulness, to provide hands-on experience. Supporting materials, including visual presentations and interactive quizzes, were utilized to enhance student engagement. Post-event evaluation revealed significant improvements in the understanding of stress and anxiety among students in grades X, XI, and XII. Students demonstrated enthusiasm through active participation in discussions and practical sessions, as well as positive feedback on the supportive and stigma-free environment. The program successfully equipped students with practical skills for stress management and fostered a healthier learning environment. For sustainability, it is recommended to conduct similar programs regularly, integrate mental health education into the school curriculum or extracurricular activities, provide concise modules for students’ independent use, and collaborate with school counselors to monitor technique implementation and offer ongoing support to ensure long-term impact on students mental well-being.

This study aims to systematically review the literature related to teamwork in the context of formal organizations, with a focus on concept mapping, identification of key factors, and remaining research gaps. The method used is Systematic Literature Review (SLR) by analyzing 797 articles published in 2021-2025. The selection process was rigorous using inclusion and exclusion criteria, followed by thematic coding to identify key patterns. The analysis showed that effective communication, participative leadership, and psychological safety are the main factors that shape solid teamwork and positively impact employee performance and job satisfaction. However, there were a number of organizational contexts where teamwork did not contribute significantly, indicating the need for attention to contextual factors, organizational culture and psychosocial dynamics. This study makes theoretical and practical contributions to designing evidence-based organizational interventions to sustainably improve teamwork effectiveness.

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the Cooperative Integrated Reading and Composition (CIRC) method in improving the reading comprehension skills of grade III elementary school students. The background of this study is the low reading comprehension skills of students who are still dominated by conventional learning methods. This study uses a library research approach with a qualitative descriptive method. Data were obtained from various scientific literature such as journals, books, research reports, and other scientific works relevant to the topic. The analysis was carried out using content analysis techniques to identify the main findings related to the application of the CIRC method. The results of the study show that the CIRC method can significantly improve students' reading comprehension skills. This method emphasizes group work, active discussion, summary preparation, and writing skills, which in an integrated manner encourage students' active involvement and strengthen their understanding of the contents of the reading. In addition to improving reading comprehension, this method also develops students' critical thinking skills, social skills, and self-confidence. However, in its implementation, challenges such as time management, group dynamics, and teacher readiness are important factors that need to be considered. In conclusion, the CIRC method is an effective and applicable learning strategy to improve reading comprehension skills in elementary schools, with the note that the implementation must be carefully designed and supported by a conducive learning environment.

The diversity of cultural preferences among students creates interesting communication dynamics in the scope of friendship on campus. Using descriptive qualitative research with an ethnographic approach, this study aims to find out how students who are fans of popular culture (Korean and Japanese) and local culture (Javanese) negotiate their cultural identity. Through participatory observation and interviews conducted with three informants, the results showed the existence of openness, adaptation, and the tendency of functional biculturalism. So that intercultural communication can take place harmoniously and support the formation of a flexible multicultural identity.

This study aims to describe and analyze the natural landscape of Banyuwangi as experienced on the journey to Ijen Crater. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, this study records the physical, ecological, social, and emotional transformation of the landscape through direct observation, visual documentation, and reflective narratives. Ijen Crater as a natural tourism destination not only presents geological phenomena such as blue fire and acid lakes, but also represents a mosaic of landscapes that include agricultural zones, montane forests, community activities, and tourism dynamics. The findings show that the journey to Ijen Crater shows the complexity of landscape elements, the involvement of local communities in managing the space, and the appreciation of tourists that form personal and spiritual meanings. The conclusion of this study is that the journey is not just a physical movement, but a means to understand the relationship between humans and living nature. The implications of this study underline the importance of participatory and sustainable landscape-based ecotourism management.

This study examines the contribution of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) actors in supporting community economic empowerment through their strategic role in strengthening tourist attractions in two destinations in East Java, namely religious tourism of Cheng Hoo Mosque Pasuruan and natural educational tourism of Jati Sewu Gresik. This research is based on the reality of tourist destinations that are the target of the study, where the role of MSMEs in both areas reflects a significant role in strengthening tourist attractions in destinations for visitors. Cheng Hoo Mosque Pasuruan and Jati Sewu Gresik have become new growing spaces for MSMEs that not only sell food, drinks, or tourist services, but also convey the distinctive values of the destination to visitors through direct interaction and the products sold. The method used is descriptive qualitative with a content analysis approach. The data collected was obtained from participatory observations in the field directly with MSME actors, and supported by secondary data obtained from various online sources such as news articles, tourism websites, and official information from the two related destinations. The results show that MSMEs in these two tourist destinations not only play a role in enriching the variety of attractions offered to tourists, but also play an important role in supporting the economy of the surrounding community. Trade activities carried out by MSME players around the tourist area directly create new economic opportunities while increasing community participation in tourism dynamics. In addition, MSMEs also create a more authentic, communicative, and inclusive travel experience for tourists.

Mental health issues are gaining increasing attention across various sectors of society. One approach used to understand and address these problems is psychodynamic theory, which emphasizes unconscious conflicts and past experiences. This study aims to explore how the application of psychodynamic theory can aid in the healing process of mental health disorders, particularly among individuals with childhood trauma and anxiety disorders. A qualitative method was employed, using a case study approach involving three participants who underwent psychodynamic therapy for six months. The results indicate that through this therapy, participants were able to identify the deep-rooted sources of emotional conflict and demonstrated significant improvement in emotional regulation and interpersonal relationships. These findings highlight the importance of understanding unconscious dynamics in psychological interventions. This research recommends the integration of psychodynamic theory into modern psychotherapy practices as an alternative approach to addressing mental health issues.

This study examines cultural conflict in language interaction within the Korean drama Pyramid Game through an ethnolinguistic approach. The main focus of the research is to analyze how language is used as a tool of power, domination, and resistance within the socially hierarchical context of a school setting. Data is derived from the dialogues and actions of key characters such as Baek Ha Rin, Sung Soo Ji, and Seo Do Ah, which reflect power dynamics and efforts to resist oppressive systems. The analysis reveals that language functions not only as a means of communication but also as an instrument for asserting authority and mobilizing solidarity. Baek Ha Rin employs intimidating speech to maintain her position at the top of the social pyramid, while Sung Soo Ji uses language to build a collective movement against injustice. The drama also illustrates symbolic violence through nonverbal communication forms such as exclusion and social gestures. These findings affirm that language in Pyramid Game reflects cultural conflict embedded within an unequal social system and has the potential to generate real-world impacts on society.

The Pulsed Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (PNMR) technique is a widely used spectroscopic approach for observing the relaxation phenomena of atomic nuclei in a magnetic field. In this technique, the spin-lattice (T1) and spin–spin (T2) relaxation times are key parameters, as they reflect the microscopic dynamics and structure of a material system. This article presents the results of a systematic literature review of fourteen primary references that discuss the fundamental concepts of NMR, PNMR techniques, the measurement of T1 and T2, and PNMR applications. Although NMR research has seen extensive development internationally, scientific literature in the Indonesian language that specifically addresses this topic remains scarce. Therefore, this paper is intended to serve as an initial systematic resource to introduce the basic principles and potential applications of PNMR in physics and materials science.