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This research aims to analyze the role of ustadz in religious development of the Muslim community in Dusun II, Tuntungan II Village, Pancur Batu District, Deli Serdang Regency. The Ustadz has a central role in guiding the community in religious matters, both through teaching, guidance in worship, and strengthening morals and Islamic values. The research method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques in the form of in-depth interviews, observation and documentation studies. This research found two things; Firstly, in the social structure of the Tuntungan village community, the ustadz has an important position, not only as a spiritual leader who provides religious guidance, but also as the main pillar in maintaining social harmony and strengthening religious values ​​in society. Second, the Ustadz plays an important function in cultivating Islamic teachings in the practice of daily life, he acts as a catalyst for change in society, as well as penetrating various social problems faced by society. Therefore, there is a need for further support from various parties, including the government and religious organizations, to strengthen the role of ustadz in religious formation

This study is motivated by several problems that: Employee performance is still low, this is due to several factors, namely the quality of work produced is still not good, lack of leadership direction to subordinates, high employee attendance rate and declining work performance. Low employee work motivation, as evidenced by the amount of time spent during working hours that are not used optimally, still low motivation to increase understanding of work duties and responsibilities, as well as motivation to improve skills in terms of work mastery which can help make it easier to carry out work. The promotion of positions at the Ciamis Regency Education Office is considered to have not fulfilled the predetermined procedures. There are still structural positions that are filled by people who do not have a formal education background or are not in accordance with their competence, this is due to the lack of competent human resources in their fields because people with appropriate formal education, ranks and classes have not been able to occupy structural positions so that they are filled by officials with a formal education background that is not their competence. The implementation of rotation is still optimally organized, it can be seen in the reality that the implementation of rotation often occurs in a spoil system. The spoiler system is a rotation program based on family or based on acquaintances or connections. The results of the study inform that: (1) there is a positive influence of rotation on work motivation. This means that if there is an increase in rotation, it will be followed by an increase in work motivation. (2) there is a positive influence of position promotion on work motivation. This means that if there is an increase, it will be followed by an increase in work motivation. (3) there is a positive influence of rotation and promotion of positions on work motivation. This means that rotation and promotion of positions is one part of formal employee development which aims to provide motivation to employees of the Ciamis Regency Education Office. (4) There is a positive influence of work motivation on employee performance. This means that Motivation is closely related to performance or performance. Employees who have high work motivation can improve performance, on the other hand, employees who do not have motivation to work will reduce performance so that the goals of an agency will not be achieved. The method used in this study is a quantitative descriptive method, including data analysis techniques, namely validity test, reliability test of descriptive analysis, verifiable analysis, multiple linear analysis, f test, t test and path analysis.

This study investigates the bond strength of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) bars in concrete at high temperatures. Twenty-four specimens were tested at 600°C to replicate fire conditions and analyze performance consequences in structural applications, with variables such as bar diameter and position within the concrete taken into account. The results show a considerable drop in binding strength, notably in edge-positioned bars with thinner covers, which is related to thermal degradation of the epoxy resin. The stress-slip relationship revealed significant increases in slippage, particularly for bigger diameter bars, as well as the vulnerability of GFRP bars to high temperatures. Failure modes shifted mostly to splitting following exposure, emphasizing the importance of design concerns in fire-prone structures. These findings improve our understanding of GFRP performance in harsh situations, influencing material selection for greater fire resilience.  

Military personnel performance is a crucial factor in achieving operational effectiveness, especially at the TNI AL IV Batam Main Base. Although adaptability and dual positions have been shown to have a significant effect on personnel performance, there is a knowledge gap regarding how superior support can moderate the relationship. This study aims to analyze the effect of adaptability on personnel performance, with superior support as a moderating variable, which is a new aspect and has not been widely studied in the military context. A quantitative approach was used in this study, using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method through AMOS software. Data were obtained from 30 respondents who were military personnel at the TNI AL IV Batam Main Base. The results showed that adaptability and dual positions had a positive and significant effect on personnel performance. In addition, superior support was shown to moderate the relationship between adaptability and dual positions with performance, strengthening the influence of both factors. The model used in this study also showed good fit, so it can be relied on to explain the relationship between variables. These findings fill the gap in previous research and emphasize the importance of developing adaptability, effective dual-job management, and superior support in order to improve the performance of military personnel in a dynamic and challenging work environment

In Indonesia, conflicts of interest regarding matters of religious education in Indonesia were not unique because the state and community interest groups tend to participate with each other in matters of education. The nation's ideological values and religious principles were interrelated, even experiencing interconnectivity. This conflict only occured in certain sub-sub-communities which had not yet fully reached state policy regarding religious education, where this encourages the politicization of education created by sub-dominant powers if an educational policy was not in accordance with the wishes and interests of the sub-dominant powers. This research aimed to identify and analyze the dynamics of negotiation and accommodation of civil society on Pesantren education policy. This research used a qualitative research approach with a case study method. The results of this research concluded that the involvement of Pesantren Kyai played a role in political interests in history before playing a role in legislative politics as happened in the Pesantren policy. The background to the involvement of Kyai in the Pesantren policy was born from the phenomenon that Kyai enjoyed a high social position since Islam entered Java in carrying out negotiation and accommodation efforts. There were two roles played by Kyai in the legal political constellation of the Pesantren policy. First, the formal role, where in this case the Kyai was a politician who has entered the political system. In this way, Kyai in this case also participates in carrying out party plans and activities, for example serving in the people's representative council, campaigns, work meetings and the like. Second, non-formal roles, in this case the Kyai had more status but then they also tried to approach politics itself. Kyai of this kind, structurally could not be said to be politicians, but socially they had a role in developing political circles.

The purpose of this study was to determine the perceptions of civil servants regarding the equalisation of structural positions into functional positions and their influence on work productivity at Ganesha University of Education. This research uses quantitative descriptive method. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with a sample size of 59 employees who have the position of head of section and subsection. Collection using interview techniques and questionnaires. Data analysis using a mixed method approach through qualitative descriptive analysis and quantitative analysis using paired sample t-test. The results showed that (a) the implementation of equalisation of structural positions into functional positions at Ganesha University of Education is a bureaucratic reform in accordance with Permenpan-RB Number 17 of 2021 concerning Equalisation of Administrative Positions into Functional Positions; (b) the perception of civil servants towards the transfer of positions shows that the implementation of the transfer of positions has not optimally increased work productivity due to the determination of functional positions that are limited in number and type so that they do not match employee competence; (c) the results of the paired sample T-test test on there are differences in the work productivity of civil servants at Ganesha University of Education before and after equalisation of structural positions into functional positions

The State Finance, as regulated in Law Number 17 of 2003, requires adequate oversight in its management. Consideration in determining the oversight for financial treasurer is done by assessing it from external and internal factors. The importance of expenditure treasurer certification in supporting performance within the unit is also highly needed. The success of an institution in realizing a work program depends on an expenditure treasurer who manages all financial inflows and outflows within the institution to facilitate the implementation of a work program. This research is conducted due to several issues, including frequent delays in allowances for Naval Academy Cadets and suboptimal performance of the Expenditure Treasurer at the Naval Academy. Meanwhile, the purpose of this research is to find solutions to address the existing problems, for which the author collects data through observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The research results indicate that the quality of performance of the Expenditure Treasurer at the Naval Academy is still suboptimal, primarily due to vacant positions in the Expenditure Treasurer role within the Naval Academy. The position of Expenditure Treasurer is held by an officer who structurally does not hold that position. Additionally, the officer also holds more than one position, resulting in suboptimal performance of the Expenditure Treasurer. Administratively, to strengthen the position professionally in the financial field, the certification of Expenditure Treasurer is required according to PMK No. 126/PMK.05/2016. However, the current Expenditure Treasurer has not undergone certification because there is no certification for first-level officers within the Navy environment.

Staffing in educational administration is a structural management process that aims to obtain effective employees to fill vacant positions in educational institutions. This function involves attracting, selecting, developing and using human resources to achieve organizational goals effectively and efficiently. In educational institutions, staffing is very important to ensure that employees are placed in positions that match their competencies, so that organizational goals can be achieved more easily. In its implementation, staffing must be guided by clear rules and pre-determined prerequisites, as well as taking into account factors such as the wishes of the organization, the wishes of the workforce, expiring work contracts, labor regulations, retirement and death. Thus, staffing can help improve employee performance and achieve educational goals more effectively and efficiently.

Business strategy is very important in running a business. Increasingly fierce and diverse competition means that entrepreneurs must pay more attention to their business strategies. This is because the business can continue and develop amidst intense competition. According to Pedersen and Ritter (2020), strategy is a plan before it is carried out and followed up through practical activities. Strategy is a unique special preparation activity that differentiates the owner's business strategy from competitors in order to optimize competitiveness. Strategy is a project, meaning it provides solutions for the future and potential users. Strategy is defined as a pattern and shows company activities that can be explained through patterns that emerge from activities that have been planned and carried out previously. Strategy as a position means that entrepreneurs can use all the resources they have, both physical and scientific, to provide unique products to find a market that aims to be superior to competitors. Finally, the strategic perspective refers to the organizational culture of business people to view themselves and their environment as a strategy.

This research was conducted with the aim of determining the influence of exports, imports and foreign debt on economic growth in Indonesia for the period 2013 - 2022. The measurement of export, import and foreign debt variables is explained through the position of exports, imports and government foreign debt, economic growth is measured through economic growth in the secondary sector. Data obtained via download on the websites of Bank Indonesia and the Central Statistics Agency. The analytical tool used is Eviews 12 with the help of Eviews 12 data processing. The results of the structural model evaluation show that exports have a negative and insignificant effect on economic growth, imports have a negative and insignificant effect on economic growth and foreign debt has a positive and significant effect on economic growth.        

This study examines the intersection of gender and leadership within public administration, focusing on the barriers faced by women aspiring to leadership roles in government institutions. The research evaluates gender bias, cultural perceptions, and institutional policies that shape women's career progression in public administration. Through case studies and comparative analysis, the study explores how these factors impact women's representation in leadership positions. Findings indicate that despite progress, persistent gender bias and structural limitations hinder women’s full participation in public administration leadership roles, necessitating systemic changes and supportive policies.

This research aims to analyze and determine the influence of competence, communication and compensation on employee performance in a company. This research was conducted using a quantitative approach and involved respondents consisting of employees at various levels of positions who work at companies in the district. Jagakarsa, South Jakarta. Data was collected through a questionnaire with a total of 22 questions and a total of 100 respondents which could measure the level of competency, communication, compensation and employee performance. The data analysis technique used in this research is SEM PLS (Structural Equation Modeling - Partial Least Squares), which was carried out using SmartPLS 4.0 software. The data analysis methods used in this research include measurement model analysis, structural model analysis, and direct influence hypothesis testing. The results of data analysis show that employee competency has a significant positive influence on employee performance. Communication also has a significant positive influence on employee performance. Effective and open communication allows clear and timely information to have a positive and significant impact on improving employee performance. And the compensation variable was also found to have a significant positive influence on employee performance. These findings provide important implications for human resource management and organizational practitioners in designing policies and programs related to competency development, improving communication, and providing adequate compensation for employees so that employees can provide reciprocity in the form of maximum performance for the company.

Civil Servants (PNS) are elements of the state apparatus whose duty is to provide services to the public in a professional, honest, fair and equitable manner in the implementation of state, government and development tasks. Meanwhile, Honorary Personnel has lively developed into a new paradigm in the agency environment in addition to other honorary personnel after Civil Servants even though basically the work done is almost the same as Civil Servants in general, the only difference is that Non-Civil Servants (honorary) employees rarely occupy important structural positions in the agency. Because they only help those who are assigned directly by the superiors and heads of sections of an agency. So that both civil servants and non-civil servants in the XXX City Education Office must have quality performance that is able to carry out their duties as government officials in accordance with the duties assigned.  The purpose of this study was to determine how the performance of civil servants and non-civil servants at the XXX City Education Office, whether there are differences in performance between civil servants and non-civil servants at the XXX City Education Office, and what factors affect the performance of civil servants and non-civil servants at the XXX City Education Office. The research method used is quantitative method and the data collection method in this study is by distributing questionnaires. the sample in this study were civil servants and non-civil servants at the XXX City Education Office, namely 42 civil servants and 42 non-civil servants. The data analysis technique in this study uses Satistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) with T-Test analysis.

Historically, the outer space structure of the Sentani traditional defense settlement is an ancestral formation aimed at protecting its citizens from outside intervention and defending themselves from tribal wars. The phenomenon of this ancestral formation is maintained until now as a pattern of traditional Sentani defense settlements. From the previous research has been stated, research on traditional settlement patterns on the meaning of defense and the sacredness of outer spatial planning has never been carried out. No research reveals that the sacred outer space in the traditional Sentani settlement is a phenomenon formed by a sacred defense space to protect indigenous peoples from intervention and tribal wars. The research method used is a qualitative approach using the Intrisic Case Study Approach model with the nature of descriptive research. Data analysis in this study used the method of Discovering Cultural Themes. The locus of this research is the oldest village written in historical references and the Sentani traditional village on Lake Sentani today. The data collection method used observation, in-depth participant interviews, measurable pictures, and photographs. The study results found that the structure of the sacred outer space of the traditional settlements formed by the ancestors is still maintained today as a pattern of traditional Sentani defense settlements. The structural pattern of the sacred space forms a defense space in the traditional Sentani settlement forming a sacred outdoor layout for the Sentani indigenous people with one entrance for visitors or guests to the traditional village, namely a wooden pier for the boat landing. The sacred outer spatial arrangement is indicated by the position of the "Obe Imae" traditional house as the center of activity and customary activities are located at the very front, the two customary zones as the seat of tribal chiefs (traditional devices), the third community zone as the residential space of indigenous peoples, the fourth zone ancestors (traditional graves) and the fifth highest worship zone, namely the church as a place of worship to God.

Background: Most respiratory disorders are caused by problems or diseases of the respiratory system, including the lungs. Inability of the lungs to expand (elasticity), as well as structural (anatomical) and functional airway obstructions that prevent the creation of breathable airflow, are signs of impaired lung function. Restriction and blockage are two types of lung function problems.Purpose: To analyze the application of the tripod position and pursed lip breathing technique to the increase in oxygen saturation in congested patients in the emergency room at PROF Hospital. Dr. SABOE TONGUE.Methods: Case report, which is a narrative report. The case study in this paper examines the use of a tripod position and pursed lip breathing technique to increase oxygen saturation in shortness of breath patients. Patients with asthma, lung cancer, TB, and COPD constitute the study population. Four patients with asthma, lung cancer, tuberculosis, and COPD were sampled for the study.Results: After the nurse's intervention was carried out, which was related to airway management in the fourth patient, the overall evaluation results were obtained, then the intervention was continued in the patient's treatment room.Conclusion: Based on the description above, people with respiratory problems often experience decreased functional daily activities, decreased concentration, and mood swings. As a result, if the condition of shortness of breath is allowed to continue unnoticed it will reduce oxygen saturation which in turn can cause cyanosis in patients who experience recurrent infections.  

Background: This TMJ problem or jaw joint disorder is classified as an emergency, so treatment must be done immediately. The causes of this jaw joint problem are multifactorial. Generally divided into two, namely structural disorders and functional disorders. Functional disorders arise due to deviant function due to abnormalities in the position or function of the teeth and chewing muscles. Treatment, when someone has TMJ problems, is usually a reduction action that is carried out directly by a doctor. This cannot be done by ordinary people. However, sometimes people self-diagnose and resort to invalid sources which can actually lead to more serious problems.Method : The educational method is carried out by active counseling and discussions given to the people of Margasari Village. Then, the community was asked to fill out a questionnaire to assess the effectiveness of delivering material about this TMJ. Result: People who have filled out the questionnaire were found to have a significant difference between before and after being given the material. People become more aware of the material and are expected to be able to apply it in everyday life. Conclusion: There is a significant difference between before and after being given TMJ games

Bureaucracy has a heavy duty to implement the government’s vision and mission. Therefore, reliable, integrated, honest, capable, and high-motivation personnel are required. Bureaucratic reform should be implemented using master plan of human resource with massive bureaucratic simplification, because the existing bureaucratic is too long. The position of ASN (State Civil Apparatuses) will be based on functional position only, requiring more skill and competency. In bureaucratic reform, ASN faces a problem, that is, government’s plan to remove structural post of echelons III and IV. The government wants to break the too long procedure in bureaucracy and expect to accelerate decision making and to accelerate public service when bureaucratic reduction is implemented. There are some solutions to the problem discussed, among others: a. amending ASN Law, particularly related to ASN position and ASN management; b. reorganizing the institutional structure (central and regional) in order to adapt to the bureaucratic function needed; c. reinforcing the integrated carrier building for ASN personnel emphasizing more on functional position; d. the establishment of work relation pattern and inter-function coordination that can project the quick and simple bureaucratic working system; changing ASN personnel’s mindset into work professionalism-orientation based on merit system. Internal expectation in the discussion resulting from this socialization includes: a) Regency Government gives inadequate socialization to ASNs, so that they have not understood completely the echelon removal policy; b) the echelon officials approaching pension age can accept the echelon removal policy; c) the young and productive echelon officials prefer structural position because they get more facilities and wellbeing than they do in functional position; d) potential staffs often attend education and training, have visionary perspective, and prefer functional position because they can get position promotion more quickly impacting on the increasing income; e) the staffs without structural position prefer functional position because their pension age can be up to 60 years. Recommendation and expectation to be obtained from this socialization is that all ASNs in DLH Blora will acquire complete information on echelon removal plan and keep their working spirit