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This study examines the tradition of nikah malem songo within the framework of cultural Islam as a form of acculturation between Islamic teachings and local traditions in the coastal community of Tuban, East Java. The research aims to analyze the acculturation process, identify the religious and cultural values embedded in the tradition, and explore its relevance in contemporary society. A qualitative descriptive approach with a case study design was employed. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving religious leaders, community figures, and local residents. The findings show that nikah malem songo reflects a harmonious integration of Islamic principles and local cultural practices while maintaining the essential requirements of Islamic marriage. The tradition also contains symbolic elements, such as selecting a sacred time believed to bring blessings. In addition, the practice serves as a social mechanism that strengthens community solidarity, reinforces cultural identity, and transmits values across generations. Although challenged by modernization, globalization, and puritan religious views, the tradition continues to survive through reinterpretation and selective preservation. The study concludes that nikah malem songo represents an inclusive and contextual form of Islam capable of adapting to changing social dynamics.

A MSMEs in Indonesia has recently contributed to national exports by 15,7%  compared with Thailand that has reached 29 %, so substantial revision are required to make sure that increasing contribution which ultimately will give positive impact toward the economy overall, because almost 90 % of human resource work in MSMEs sector with nature resource and other plentiful resources. The main problem that is commonly found by MSMEs is to optimize the available resources as well as fulfill the required standards that have established and required regulation in order to ensure the resulting product is accepted by the market and to comply with the regulation that has been established by the regulator. Indonesia as the second biggest country in the world has biodiversity certainly offers benefits that hard to imitate by other country in producing biopharmaceutical plants product, therefore it offers competitive potential in the global market, however market penetration by MSMEs biopharmaceutical plants sector commonly discontinued regarding with technical barriers to trade (TBT). This study is based on a case study that aims to analyze main challenges in fulfillment of international certification and to formulate adaptation strategy for MSMEs. By conducting through a descriptive qualitative method with case study approaches, the result of study indicates that high compliance costs,  registration procedural complexity from the source and destination country, as well as the inconsistency of raw material quality became the main barriers. The proposed strategy including group certification model, CPOTB standard harmonization, and the utilization of integrated government assistance schemes will provide real contribution in assisting MSMEs fulfilling global market requirements.

The internationalization of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) has become a strategic issue in addressing global economic dynamics, particularly within the framework of the Global Value Chain (GVC) in the digital age. Although Indonesian MSMEs have great potential to support the national economy, their level of involvement in the global value chain remains relatively limited. This study aims to analyze the challenges and strategies for the internationalization of Indonesian MSMEs within the GVC in the digital age. The study employs a qualitative approach using a case study design, along with thematic analysis and value chain analysis techniques. The findings indicate that MSMEs are already involved in the GVC across various stages of the value chain—from raw material processing to global distribution—yet they continue to face numerous challenges, such as technological limitations, human resource competencies, production capacity, and international distribution networks. On the other hand, digitalization has proven to be a key factor in expanding access to global markets through the use of digital platforms. An effective internationalization strategy requires the integration of product innovation based on local resources, the utilization of digital technology, and the strengthening of global business networks. This study contributes to integrating the perspectives of GVCs, digitalization, and SME internationalization strategies into a comprehensive analytical framework, and provides practical implications for SME actors and policymakers in enhancing competitiveness in the global market

The background of this research is driven by the vital importance of strengthening democratic values amidst the challenges of globalization and digitalization, which have begun to erode civic consciousness among the younger generation, particularly in the Pasir Pengaraian region. As the flow of unfiltered information increases, there are significant concerns regarding the decline in understanding the essence of participatory democracy and civic ethics. The primary objective of this study is to analyze in depth the strategic role of civic education as a means to preserve democratic ideals and to identify supporting and inhibiting factors in its implementation within higher education environments. The research method employed is a descriptive qualitative approach, utilizing observations and in-depth interviews with students and academics in Pasir Pengaraian to obtain an objective overview of local political dynamics. Research findings indicate that civic education serves effectively as a pillar of political literacy capable of transforming student perceptions from apathy to active participation, while also serving as a medium for character building that respects diversity of opinion. Furthermore, the integration of local Pasir Pengaraian values with the national curriculum is proven to increase the relevance and absorption of democratic material among students.

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly altered the landscape of business decision-making, particularly for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia. Despite their critical role in economic growth and employment generation, MSMEs frequently encounter substantial barriers related to technological adoption, digital literacy, and resource allocation. This research systematically investigates the utilization of artificial intelligence as a responsive innovation mechanism designed to optimize decision-making processes within the MSME sector. By employing a comprehensive systematic literature review methodology, analyzing peer-reviewed publications from globally recognized academic databases between 2018 and 2024, this study delineates the multifaceted benefits, complex challenges, and contextualized adoption strategies associated with AI integration. The findings reveal that artificial intelligence holds transformative potential for enhancing operational efficiency, refining predictive analytics, and sustaining long-term competitiveness. Conversely, critical challenges, including inadequate digital infrastructure, financial constraints, and organizational resistance, remain pervasive obstacles. Consequently, the study advocates for a gradual, responsive innovation approach that aligns technological adoption with specific business needs and environmental pressures. The insights derived from this research offer substantial theoretical and practical implications, providing a strategic framework for policymakers and MSME owners to accelerate digital transformation inclusively.

The rapid transformation of education driven by globalization and technological advancement demands adaptive learning approaches that align with the characteristics of Generation Z learners. This generation is known for its curiosity, independence in thinking, and openness to diverse perspectives, yet it is also vulnerable to misinformation and negative online influences. Within the context of Islamic education, learning is not solely oriented toward cognitive development but also emphasizes the cultivation of moral values, particularly tolerance. This study aims to explore how contextual teaching methods can contribute to fostering tolerant attitudes among Generation Z students in Islamic educational settings. The research employs a qualitative approach through library research, utilizing a descriptive-analytical framework. Data were collected from various sources, including academic journals, books, and previous studies related to contextual learning, multicultural education, and Generation Z characteristics. The data collection technique involved document analysis, followed by content analysis procedures such as data reduction, categorization, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that contextual learning effectively promotes tolerance by engaging students in discussion, problem-solving, reflection, and real-life experiences. The integration of multicultural values and the role of teachers as facilitators and role models further strengthen this process. However, challenges remain, including limited teacher understanding, the persistence of conventional methods, inadequate supporting facilities, and the influence of social media. Overall, contextual learning presents a relevant strategy for developing open-minded, balanced, and socially adaptive Generation Z learners.

 This study aims to analyze the use of Google Translate in the process of learning English, highlighting its benefits, limitations, and impact on students’ learning quality. This research employs a qualitative approach using a library research method, where data are obtained from various literature sources such as books, scholarly articles, and relevant online publications. The findings indicate that Google Translate is widely used by students as a tool to quickly and practically understand English texts. However, this high level of usage also leads to several issues, including the inaccuracy of translations in certain contexts, increased dependency on technology, and a limited understanding of language structure. Nevertheless, Google Translate still provides advantages in improving learning efficiency and access to global knowledge resources. Therefore, the use of this technology needs to be guided wisely so that it supports the learning process without reducing students’ cognitive engagement. This study is expected to contribute to a better understanding of the role of technology in language learning in the digital era and to serve as a reference for educators and students in utilizing technology more effectively.  

The crisis of human spirituality, which separates the inner dimension from the universe, is at the root of the current global environmental crisis. The purpose of this study is to comprehensively examine how Sufi principles are applied in environmental conservation practices at the Shadana Islamic Boarding School in Padarincang, and to determine how the teachings of the book Fathul 'Arifin influence the formation of the students’ ecological ethics. This research was conducted qualitatively through a case study. Data were collected through document analysis, in-depth interviews, and participatory observation from September 22 to October 5, 2025. The results indicate that the concept of spiritual purification, or tazkiyatun nafs, is integrated with nature conservation by activating the seven lathaif. Environmental conservation, such as protecting springs and forests, is viewed as a form of spiritual devotion to the Creator, as human awareness of the elements of fire, water, wind, and earth fosters a strong inner connection with the macrocosm or the universe. The results indicate that the santri paradigm has shifted from anthropocentrism to theocentrism. This study proposes an “Eco-Sufism” model, grounded in the transformation of inner consciousness, as an alternative solution to address environmental degradation. This approach emphasizes that to foster sustainable harmony among humans, God, and the universe, ecosystem sustainability requires a strong foundation of spirituality.

Nowadays, social media has shaped a new interaction space for human to communicate and access information broadly within a new reality phenomenon called the (global village), a term popularized by Marshall McLuchan. Although it open opportunities for limitless relationship, this phenomenon also frequently gives rise to several moral issues, such as consumerist culture, body exploitation, and the tendency of individuals to build self-identity based on social judgment. This situation aligns with Charles Horton Cooley’s idea., which asserts that self-identity is often formed through the perspective of others. Based on this context, this study aims to examine the relevance of the concept of haecceitas in John Duns Scotus thought as a basis for criticizing moral degradations in social media practices. This research uses a qualitative method through literature study and philosophical analysis of the digital identity phenomenon. The results of the study show that the concept of haecceitas emphasizes the uniqueness and dignity of every person as an individual who cannot be reduced by social construction or the demand of popularity on social media. This concept can serve as a basis for ethical reflection to strengthen the awareness of one’s distinctive identity and respect for the human body in the digital space.

Artificial intelligence has the potential to support radiology workflows by assisting in the identification of cases that may require additional clinical attention. However, alert-oriented medical AI systems should provide not only classification outputs but also interpretable evidence that can be reviewed and audited by clinicians. This study develops and evaluates an explainable multimodal framework for binary chest X-ray alert classification using paired radiology reports and chest X-ray images. The text branch employs TF-IDF n-gram features with a class-balanced Logistic Regression classifier, while the image branch fine-tunes a pretrained ResNet18 model. The two branches are integrated through probability-level late fusion using a validation-selected fusion weight. Explainability is implemented in a modality-specific manner: global coefficient analysis is used to identify influential textual cues, while Grad-CAM heatmaps are used to visualize salient image regions. Experiments were conducted on paired samples from the Open-i/IU X-Ray dataset using text-only, image-only, and fusion-based evaluation settings. Additional analyses include case-level complementarity analysis, bootstrap confidence intervals for ROC-AUC, shortcut-feature inspection, and qualitative Grad-CAM auditing. The results indicate that the text modality provides the dominant predictive signal under the current proxy-label setting. Late fusion produced a small descriptive improvement on the test set, increasing accuracy from 0.8533 to 0.8667, F1-score from 0.8817 to 0.8936, and ROC-AUC from 0.8936 to 0.9025 compared with the text-only baseline. However, the observed ROC-AUC improvement was not statistically conclusive based on bootstrap analysis. These findings suggest that the proposed framework is useful as a reproducible and auditable multimodal prototype, while also highlighting important limitations, including proxy-label ambiguity, potential label leakage from radiology reports, limited image-branch contribution, lack of external validation, and the need for stronger explanation and calibration assessment.

Old age is the final phase in the human life cycle, characterised by a decline in physiological function. Global data shows that the prevalence of old age will increase from 33.69 million to 48.19 million by 2035. One of the effects of this decline in physiological function is a disruption in the quality of sleep among the elderly. As many as 50-60% of elderly people in Indonesia experience sleep disorders. One way to overcome sleep disorders is through relaxation therapy. Progressive Muscle Relaxation is a technique performed by stretching and relaxing certain muscles to relax the body. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of progressive muscle relaxation on the quality of sleep in elderly people. This research method involved a nursing care process from assessment to evaluation using a case study design. The research sample consisted of one elderly person with moderate sleep quality. The intervention was given for 10-15 minutes using eight movements with a frequency of twice a week for one month. The data were analysed using pre-test and post-test PSQI questionnaires to determine sleep quality. The results of this study indicate that progressive muscle relaxation training has an effect on improving sleep quality in the elderly.

The high rate of occupational accidents globally and nationally demands the strengthening of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) management systems, particularly in the high-risk industrial sectors. The study aims to analyze the implementation of safety induction at PT X and develop audiovisual educational media as a solution to improve occupational safety understanding. The research method employed is descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques including field observations, in-depth interviews, and review of corporate documents, Problem prioritization was determined using the Urgency, Seriousness, and Growth (USG) method, while root cause analysis was conducted using a Fishbone diagram. Research findings indicate that the current oral delivery method for safety induction is ineffective, as evidenced by 13% of participants needing to retake the comprehension test. As an intervention, “POWER SAFE” video media was developed, which, based on the Methodology, Effectiveness, Efficiency, and Relevance (MEER) analysis, proved to have the highest effectiveness and relevance in delivering standardized safety information. The implications of study emphasize that the use of structured digital media is a strategic step to minimize gaps in understanding and strengthen the safety culture within high-risk work environments.

The rapid advancement of information technology has reshaped modern society, in particular influencing how young individuals express their identities through fashion. The choice of clothing goes beyond mere practical functions, becoming a symbol of social status and values as young people attempt to adapt to rapidly changing trends, driven largely by digital platforms such as social media. These phenomena have simultaneously led to alarming waste production and environmental degradation, reflecting the mismatch between modern lifestyles and theological mandates on the management of creation. The fast-paced fashion industry, characterized by rapid production cycles and high consumerism, exacerbates the ecological crisis by generating large amounts of textile waste and contributing to detrimental practices in global supply chains. The study uses a qualitative approach, emphasizing literature research to analyze relevant literature and synthesize findings into meaningful discourse. Ultimately, it advocates a transformative catechesis that integrates ecological awareness into the formation of young people's faith, leveraging digital spaces to advocate for simplicity and community engagement in sustainable practices. The challenges faced in fostering this ecological awareness include the prevalence of a culture of instant gratification and the gap between knowledge and action, which hinders the alignment of belief with action. Theological reflection further emphasizes the spiritual implications of consumer behavior, placing ecological responsibility as a fundamental aspect of authentic expression of faith. Based on these insights, this paper underscores the importance for the Church to be proactively involved in the fight for ecological preservation, recognizing that true faith is manifested through tangible actions that honor the divine creation.

This study aims to analyze public concerns regarding fast food consumption from the perspective of risk society, particularly among university students. The increasing consumption of fast food reflects shifts in consumption patterns influenced by globalization, practicality, and time efficiency. This research employs a qualitative approach through a literature review supported by interview data to strengthen the analysis. The findings reveal that fast food consumption is not solely driven by biological needs but also by practical, emotional, and social factors. Although students demonstrate a relatively high awareness of health risks associated with fast food, their consumption behavior persists as an adaptive response to structural conditions such as time constraints, accessibility, and academic pressures. From the perspective of risk society, this phenomenon illustrates a contradiction between risk awareness and everyday consumption practices. Risks produced by modernity are not entirely avoided but are negotiated and normalized in daily life. Therefore, fast food consumption cannot be understood merely as an individual choice but as a result of the interaction between structural factors, consumer culture, and social construction within modern society.

Randai traditional art is one of the cultural heritages of Minangkabau that holds significant aesthetic, educational, and social values; however, its existence is increasingly threatened due to globalization and the declining interest of the younger generation. The lack of attention and limited preservation efforts are the main factors contributing to the decline of this traditional art. Therefore, concrete efforts are needed to preserve randai as part of local cultural identity. This article aims to examine the preservation of randai as an effort to strengthen cultural identity through the Community Service Program (KKN) using a participatory approach involving students and the community in activities such as socialization, training, and performances. The results indicate that these activities can increase public awareness of the importance of local culture and revive the interest of the younger generation in learning and preserving randai. Furthermore, the program also strengthens social cohesion and cultural identity within the community. In conclusion, the preservation of randai not only serves to maintain cultural heritage but also acts as a means of strengthening local cultural identity in the midst of modernization.

The high rate of occupational accidents globally and nationally demands the strengthening of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) management systems, particularly in the high-risk industrial sectors. The study aims to analyze the implementation of safety induction at PT X and develop audiovisual educational media as a solution to improve occupational safety understanding. The research method employed is descriptive qualitative, with data collection techniques including field observations, in-depth interviews, and review of corporate documents, Problem prioritization was determined using the Urgency, Seriousness, and Growth (USG) method, while root cause analysis was conducted using a Fishbone diagram. Research findings indicate that the current oral delivery method for safety induction is ineffective, as evidenced by 13% of participants needing to retake the comprehension test. As an intervention, “POWER SAFE” video media was developed, which, based on the Methodology, Effectiveness, Efficiency, and Relevance (MEER) analysis, proved to have the highest effectiveness and relevance in delivering standardized safety information. The implications of study emphasize that the use of structured digital media is a strategic step to minimize gaps in understanding and strengthen the safety culture within high-risk work environments.

Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the main factors associated with the occurrence of active gastritis and duodenal ulcers. This bacterium can survive in the acidic environment of the stomach by producing the urease enzyme, allowing it to colonize the gastric mucosa and trigger an inflammatory response. This study aims to analyze the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and the incidence of active gastritis and duodenal ulcers. The method used was a literature review with a narrative approach of scientific articles published between 2021–2025 from the Google Scholar, OpenAlex, and Crossref databases. The results of the review indicate that Helicobacter pylori infection is significantly associated with increased gastric mucosal inflammation and a higher risk of duodenal ulcers. Early detection and eradication therapy using a combination of antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are effective in preventing disease progression and complications. Additional findings highlight the importance of hygiene, sanitation, and public awareness in reducing transmission rates and improving gastrointestinal health outcomes globally..

This community service activity focuses on strengthening the participation of Simarmata youth (Generasi Muda Simarmata) in national development through participatory entrepreneurship development strategies. In the era of globalization, young people are expected not only to become beneficiaries of development but also to act as active agents of change within their local communities. However, limited entrepreneurial capacity, lack of practical exposure, and insufficient access to empowerment programs often hinder the optimization of their potential. This program was conducted from April 10–12, 2026, in Simarmata Village, Samosir Regency, involving approximately 300 participants representing Simarmata youth and interregional youth communities from various regions in Indonesia. The activity was implemented through interactive seminars and participatory discussions focusing on the strategic role of youth in nation-building and entrepreneurship development strategies. The results indicate a significant improvement in participants’ awareness, motivation, and understanding of entrepreneurship as a driver of economic and social transformation. More importantly, the program successfully strengthened the identity and role of Simarmata youth as a community-based development force, fostering collaboration, innovation, and sustainable economic initiatives. This study highlights that community-based participatory programs are effective in empowering local youth communities, particularly in enhancing entrepreneurial capacity and strengthening their contribution to sustainable national development.

Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the main factors associated with the occurrence of active gastritis and duodenal ulcers. This bacterium can survive in the acidic environment of the stomach by producing the urease enzyme, allowing it to colonize the gastric mucosa and trigger an inflammatory response. This study aims to analyze the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and the incidence of active gastritis and duodenal ulcers. The method used was a literature review with a narrative approach of scientific articles published between 2021–2025 from the Google Scholar, OpenAlex, and Crossref databases. The results of the review indicate that Helicobacter pylori infection is significantly associated with increased gastric mucosal inflammation and a higher risk of duodenal ulcers. Early detection and eradication therapy using a combination of antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are effective in preventing disease progression and complications. Additional findings highlight the importance of hygiene, sanitation, and public awareness in reducing transmission rates and improving gastrointestinal health outcomes globally..

The shift in the international political order from a unipolar to a multipolar system has created increasingly complex global security dynamics and the potential for conflicts among states. This condition requires improving international political literacy among civil society, particularly Indonesian youth, so they can critically understand and respond to geopolitical transformations. In response to this urgency, this Community Service Program (PKM) aimed to enhance students’ global issue literacy through the Foreign Policy Community of Indonesia (FPCI) Goes To School (FGTS) 5.0 program themed Conflict & Military. The activity was conducted on April 6, 2026, involving 40 eleventh-grade students at SMA Negeri 97 Jakarta. The implementation method combined interactive lectures with popular culture references to make the material easier for teenagers to understand. Evaluation was conducted through pre-tests and post-tests in the form of multiple-choice quizzes. The material covered the concept of United States national interests, the Board of Peace (BoP) security initiative, Realism Theory, and the conflicts involving the United States, Israel, and Iran. The evaluation results showed that students had strong understanding of popular global issues but limited comprehension of technical aspects related to international institutions, such as the role of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). Therefore, future international political literacy programs should focus more on strategic and technical issues that are less familiar to the public.