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This article explores the use of directive speech acts in dialogues presented in English textbooks. Drawing on the theoretical framework of speech act theory by Parker and Riley (1994), the study focuses on understanding how directives—utterances that seek to influence the behavior of the listener—are presented in various dialogues. It examines the various forms and functions of directives, their role in communication, and how they help learners of English understand and practice practical conversational strategies. The article highlights the importance of directive speech acts in both formal and informal contexts, with specific examples drawn from English language textbooks. This study uses qualitative descriptive research where data is found in dialogues in textbooks and then matched with theory and poured into a sentence. This study found that there are five types of directive speech acts, namely, orders, warnings, giving advice, suggestions, and recommendations. In this study, 7 command data, 3 warning data, 2 advice data, 8 suggestion data, and 1 recommendation data were found. In this study, two techniques were found in the delivery of speech acts, namely direct and non-direct. Non-direct techniques tend to contain an element of politeness rather than direct. In addition, the speech actions in this textbook can help students understand, and using directive speech acts effectively can significantly improve communicative competence in language learners.

This article presents a systematic review of pragmatic competence in second language acquisition (SLA), emphasizing its critical role in effective communication and intercultural understanding. Pragmatic competence encompasses the ability to understand and use language appropriately in diverse social and cultural contexts, including mastering speech acts, politeness strategies, conversational implicatures, and intercultural pragmatics. Despite its importance, pragmatic competence often receives less attention in language instruction compared to grammar and vocabulary. The review highlights the effectiveness of explicit and implicit teaching methods, authentic interaction, and cultural immersion in developing pragmatic skills. It also underscores the role of technology, such as digital platforms and simulations, in enhancing learners’ ability to navigate real-life communication scenarios. The findings reveal significant challenges, including cultural variability in pragmatic norms, difficulties in standardizing assessments, and the influence of learners’ individual differences. The study calls for innovative teaching and evaluation methods, focusing on personalized approaches and the integration of pragmatic learning with emotional intelligence. By synthesizing current research and practices, this article provides valuable insights for educators, curriculum developers, and researchers, advocating for adaptive, culturally informed, and technology-supported strategies to enhance pragmatic competence in SLA.

This study examines the application of speech acts in communication between doctors and patients at the Pratama Haji Medan-Pancing Clinic, focusing on the use of various types of speech acts, such as expressive, representative, directive, and commissive in medical interactions. Speech acts are understood as the smallest unit of speech activity that has a specific function, and in the medical context, this includes providing information, instructions, as well as expressions of empathy and emotional support. According to the findings from observations and interviews, effective communication between doctors and patients plays a crucial role in building trust and increasing patient satisfaction with healthcare services. According to the findings from observations and interviews, effective communication between doctors and patients plays a crucial role in building trust and increasing patient satisfaction with healthcare services. The use of appropriate speech acts, such as giving instructions on healthy lifestyles, showing empathy, and expressing care and support, plays a major role in reducing patient anxiety and improving social-emotional relationships in the hospital environment. Politeness in communication is a key element in improving the quality of health services. Therefore, the development of communication skills for medical personnel is essential to create a better experience for patients and be responsive to their needs.

This research investigates the role of context in pragmatic interpretation, focusing on how context influences the understanding of meaning in communication. By examining various aspects such as implicature, deixis, presuppositions, and speech acts, the study highlights how speakers and listeners navigate meaning through contextual clues. The research employs a qualitative approach, gathering data from real-life interactions, including interviews and observations. Findings reveal that context is not just a passive backdrop but an active participant in shaping meaning, particularly in intercultural communication. This study emphasizes the dynamic nature of context and its indispensable role in pragmatic interpretation, offering insights for language teaching, intercultural communication, and artificial intelligence applications.

This study aims to explore and analyze the forms of commissive speech acts that emerge in the Jakarta Gubernatorial Election debate, as well as their impact on voter perception. The approach used in this study is a descriptive qualitative approach. The data in this study are in the form of direct speech acts of commissive types in the delivery of vision and mission statements in the 2024 Jakarta Gubernatorial Election debate, which include commissive speech acts of promises and vows. The technique used in this study is documentary-based, with listening and note-taking techniques. The results of the data analysis concluded that the commissive speech acts in the delivery of the vision and mission in the 2024 Jakarta Gubernatorial Election debate included 9 utterances, consisting of 7 utterances of commissive speech acts of promises and 2 utterances of commissive speech acts of vows. The candidate pairs involved in the debate were Ridwan Kamil-Suswono, Dharma Pongrekun-Kun Wardana, and Pramono Anung-Rano Karno, each of whom used various forms of promises and commitments related to improving the quality of life for Jakarta's residents, infrastructure development, and economic growth.      

This study focuses on the analysis of language errors at the linguistic level. It employs a descriptive method to depict an existing and ongoing phenomenon to address the research problem. The process includes a literature review of several journal articles and other sources relevant to the analysis of language errors. Additionally, a video from the TikTok account Pegele, specifically a short video from the ADA Podcast, was used as the analysis material. The video analyzed at the linguistic level was transcribed into written form to facilitate the research process. The short video from the TikTok account Pegele was used as analysis material based on the subtitle textlines included in the video. The study identified several language errors at the linguistic level, including phoneme addition, phoneme reduction, phoneme substitution, affix addition, affix reduction, and affix substitution. These language errors can be attributed to several factors, such as the influence of the mother tongue, limited proficiency in Indonesian, and a lack of formal language instruction. Efforts to reduce linguistic errors in the speech acts performed by Arafah Rianti, Halda, and Derbi Romero in the ADA Podcast program include studying Indonesian sentence structures, expanding vocabulary, and practicing speaking more frequently.

This study aims to The purpose of this study is to understand and describe locutionary, illocutionary, and perlocutionary speech acts in the Mappettuada tradition of the Bugis-Makassar ethnic group. The data in the study are in the form of linguistic units consisting of words, phrases, clauses, sentences of speech in the Bugis tribe's mappettuada tradition in online media (youtube). The results of the study revealed that the communication pattern of the Bugis tribe's mappettuada tradition is formed by the communication structure in a speech event between the speaker and the speech partner. The data in this study amounted to 29 data which were classified based on pragmatic theory, namely locutionary, illocutionary and perlocutionary speech acts. Locutionary speech acts were found in three forms of speech acts in the form of 2 declarative data, 2 interrogative data, and 2 imperative data. This proves that locutionary speech acts greatly influence the conversation process in the form of negotiations in determining the amount of money in the mappettu event. Illocutionary speech acts consist of 5 types, namely assertive speech acts with 4 data, directive 8 data, expressive 4 data, commissive 1 data, declarative 4 data. The assertive speech acts found consist of four forms of speech, namely mentioning, showing, informing and stating. The directive speech acts found consist of five forms of speech, namely inviting, requesting, charging, suggesting, and challenging. The expressive speech acts consist of three forms of speech, namely saying thank you, blaming and flattering. The commissive speech acts found consist of two forms of speech, namely swearing and promising. The declarative speech acts consist of four forms of speech, namely deciding, canceling, prohibiting, and granting. The most dominant speech act found in the interaction of the mappettu event is the directive speech act. In the perlocutionary speech act, data was found on two types of perlocutionary speech acts found, namely invitation speech acts and orders. In addition, there are also reactions or responses from the interlocutor when hearing the speech. The responses or reactions that arise include happiness, being more motivated, the effect of accepting the invitation, being more enthusiastic, immediately carrying out orders and so on.

This research aims to describe the directive speech acts contained in the movie “Generasi Micin vs Kevin” directed by Fajar Nugros. The method used in this research is qualitative method. The data collection techniques used in this research are listening technique, recording technique, and note-taking technique. The data in this study are sentences in the dialog spoken by the characters in the film “Generasi Micin vs Kevin” which contains directive speech acts. The data source in this research is the movie “Generasi Micin vs Kevin”. Based on the results of research and discussion of directive speech acts in the movie “Generasi Micin vs Kevin”, 8 types of directive speech acts were found, namely: requesting, allowing, commanding, prohibiting, asking, pleading, advising, and recommending. Of the 8 types of directive speech acts, the most data is asking and the least data is pleading. The movie “Generasi Micin vs Kevin” belongs to the teen comedy drama genre. This is reason why the most asking data is found in this study.

Speech acts play an important role in conveying meaning through utterances. In these utterances, sometimes there are utterances that can cause effects called perlocutionary speech acts. Speech acts can occur in the world of cinema, especially in dialog between characters. As in the movie Kembang Api by Herwin Novianto, which tells about a series of life problems and suicide attempts packaged with the concept of timeloop. The interesting thing to study from the selection of this film is that the conditions experienced by the characters in the film are considered relevant to the current situation. This research aims to gain a deeper understanding of the use of perlocutionary speech acts in movies. Through this research, we can understand how perlocutionary speech acts are represented in the movie Kembang Api. This research uses descriptive qualitative method with pragmatics study. This research utilizes data in the form of perlocutionary speech acts, such as verbal, nonverbal, and verbal nonverbal. Data collection is done using listening and note-taking techniques. The data analysis technique in this research uses the flow model analysis technique. Based on the data and analysis, 75 perlocution data were found which were classified into verbal, nonverbal, and verbal nonverbal which were adjusted to the type. This research has implications in adding to the reader's repertoire of knowledge related to references to the delivery of polite criticism. The movie has potential in fields of science other than pragmatics such as psycholinguistics.

This study is motivated by speech acts in internal language podcast Habib Husein Ja'far, Onadio Leonard, and Steve Marcel entitled " Perang Takjil, Nanti Paskah Kami Balas Kalian!". A speech act is an activity of saying something. Locutionary speech acts are speech acts that express something in the sense of "saying" or speech acts in the form of sentences that are meaningful and understandable, while illocutionary speech acts are speech acts that are usually identified with explicit performative sentences, perlocutionary speech acts are the impact caused by speech to the speaker, so that the speaker takes action based on the speaker. The aim of this study is to determine the use of speech acts in language, namely locutionary, illocutionary and perlocutionary acts in podcast Habib Husein Ja'far. The theory used is pragmatic theory. Pragmatic theory is a science that studies the use of language which is linked to the context of its use. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method, the data source in this research is video podcast Habib Husein Ja'far. Based on the results of the discussion, the researcher found that there is the use of speech acts in internal language podcast Habib Husein Ja'far there are locutionary, illocutionary and perlocutionary speech acts.

This study is motivated by speech acts in internal language podcast Habib Husein Ja'far, Onadio Leonard, and Steve Marcel entitled " Perang Takjil, Nanti Paskah Kami Balas Kalian!". A speech act is an activity of saying something. Locutionary speech acts are speech acts that express something in the sense of "saying" or speech acts in the form of sentences that are meaningful and understandable, while illocutionary speech acts are speech acts that are usually identified with explicit performative sentences, perlocutionary speech acts are the impact caused by speech to the speaker, so that the speaker takes action based on the speaker. The aim of this study is to determine the use of speech acts in language, namely locutionary, illocutionary and perlocutionary acts in podcast Habib Husein Ja'far. The theory used is pragmatic theory. Pragmatic theory is a science that studies the use of language which is linked to the context of its use. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method, the data source in this research is video podcast Habib Husein Ja'far. Based on the results of the discussion, the researcher found that there is the use of speech acts in internal language podcast Habib Husein Ja'far there are locutionary, illocutionary and perlocutionary speech acts.

Public Service Announcements (PSA), commonly known as Public Service Advertisements (PSAs), are promotional strategies used in social marketing activities. Like commercial advertisements, the effectiveness of PSAs is crucial in changing target behaviors according to social marketing goals. Therefore, creative strategies in crafting persuasive messages and media placement are essential. Public service announcements serve as a medium for delivering social messages to the public, conveying information, and raising awareness about specific issues. This study employs a literature review method to understand relevant theories. Public service announcements play a significant role in increasing public awareness and are part of pragmatic discourse with illocutionary speech acts. The history of PSAs dates back to 1942 in the United States and has developed in Indonesia since 1968. Types of PSAs include corporate and political advertisements. PSA provide benefits such as raising awareness of social issues, providing education, fostering solidarity, and addressing existing problems. Examples of PSAs include reducing plastic usage, highlighting the dangers of smoking, environmental protection, corruption prevention, health protocol adherence, and drug abuse prevention.

This research aims to analyze speech acts in the YouTube Podcast Warung Kopi (PWK) episode of Brandon Salim which was released on October 29 2023, in order to improve students' listening skills. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method that describes symptoms, facts, or events, systematically and accurately. Qualitative descriptive is a method that utilizes qualitative data and explains it descriptively.  The results of the analysis show that there are 24 types of speech acts in the podcast, including locutionary, illocutionary, assessive, directive, expressive, commissive, declaration, and perlocutionary. Accessive speech acts are the most dominant with 12 utterances, followed by illocutionary acts with 11 utterances. The use of various types of speech acts reflects the diversity and complexity of communication in the podcast. This analysis reveals that understanding and practicing various speech acts can help students listen more carefully and critically,    

This study explores how expressive speech acts are used in the teen romantic comedy movie "To All the Boys: Always and Forever," directed by Michael Fimognari. Using Searle's theory of expressive speech acts and Yule's framework for direct and indirect speech acts, the study analyzes the female main character's speech acts through a descriptive qualitative approach. The study identifies few instances of expressive speech acts, with doubting speech being the most frequent. It also discovers that direct speech acts are more widely used than indirect ones. These findings contribute to the understanding of expressive speech acts in film, specifically how emotions and attitudes are conveyed through conversation.

This research aims to analyze the expressive speech acts of the character Rocky Gerung. This type of research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques in this research used note-taking techniques, listening techniques and documentation techniques. The expressive speech act of criticizing is 4 utterances, the expressive speech act of complaining is 3 utterances, and the expressive speech act of expecting something/desire is 4 utterances. The main theme discussed by this figure is the world of politics in the state. And the public's responses and comments regarding Rocky Gerung's statement varied greatly by looking at the comments on the YouTube channel video.

This research aims to analyze the expressive speech acts of the character Rocky Gerung. This type of research uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques in this research used note-taking techniques, listening techniques and documentation techniques. The expressive speech act of criticizing is 4 utterances, the expressive speech act of complaining is 3 utterances, and the expressive speech act of expecting something/desire is 4 utterances. The main theme discussed by this figure is the world of politics in the state. And the public's responses and comments regarding Rocky Gerung's statement varied greatly by looking at the comments on the YouTube channel video.

One form of communication is discourse. Discourse means 'performing speech acts', discourse can be in oral or written form. Discourse is an attempt to understand linguistic elements because the distinguishing element between discourse and non-discourse lies in the presence or absence of a unified meaning. One form is conversational description and exposition, where this discourse aims to describe a real situation and convey facts in an orderly, logical, interconnected manner with the aim of explaining ideas, terms, problems, processes, etc. so that they are known. by other people. This discourse is appropriate to use for interactions in the field of commerce, because it tries to explain and invite someone to be interested in what we describe and explain.

Speech acts in pragmatic science are divided into several types, one of which is representative speech acts. Speech acts that bind the speaker to the truth of what he says are representative speech acts. Speeches that include speech acts can be found in learning videos. Based on this, this study analyzes the representative speech acts contained in the learning video. The data used in the research is in the form of learning videos in the "Summary of Indonesian Language Materials Class 7 K-13" playlist on the Youtube channel "Edukasi Portal". This study aims to provide exposure and describe various representative speech acts contained in the data source. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. It was found in Chapter 1 ''Description Text'' material, 1 0 data were produced, 1 2 data was found in Chapter 2 ''National Text'', 9 representative speech data were found in Chapter 3 ''Procedural Text'' , and 12 speech data were found. on the material of Chapter 4 ''Text of Observation Results'' and as many as 12 data on the material of Chapter 5 ''People's Poetry''. This research is useful for readers in facilitating understanding of representative speech acts. With the analysis of representative speech acts, it is hoped that readers can fully understand and comprehend representative speech acts. This research is useful for readers in facilitating their understanding of representative speech acts .    

A directive speech act is one of the types of speech acts intended by the speaker so that the speech partner takes action according to what is stated in his speech. The main problems in this study are (1) what are the directive speech acts contained in the learning videos on the Indonesian MKU playlist from the UNNES TV channel? And (2) what is the function of the directive speech act contained in the video. This study aims to determine the types of directive speech acts and their functions in learning videos on the Indonesian MKU playlist from the UNNES TV channel. This type of research includes qualitative descriptive research designed through data analysis research with qualitative methods which aims to describe and provide information about the problem under study by collecting data through documentation techniques. The results showed that there were four types of directive speech acts in the Indonesian MKU learning video, namely (1) direct speech acts with imperative mode, asking, soliciting, compulsion, request or request, asking and commanding; (2) Indirect speech acts with the mode of suggesting, asking, and requesting; (3) The literal speech act contains the same meaning and purpose of the speech; (4) Non-literal speech acts contain speech intentions that are different from the meaning or what is conveyed by the speaker to the speech partner. The directive speech act functions contained in the Indonesian MKU learning video include; (1) pleading, (2) asking, (3) suggesting, (4) ordering, and (5) inviting.

This research aims to examine illocutionary speech acts in the text of the speech "Inauguration of Professor at the Faculty of Engineering, Tarumanagara University by Tri Harso Karyono" . A descriptive qualitative approach with content analysis method was used as the research method . Data collection is carried out by recording and marking important points which will later be used as analysis material . The research results show that in speech texts, speakers use a lot of speech that leads to illocutionary speech acts. Four types of illocutionary speech acts are found in it. Namely assertive or representative, expressive, directive and declarative illocutionary speech acts . In this research, the function or use of illocutionary speech acts and speaker strategies will be described which makes the current research different from previous research . Even though there is already a lot of research out there that examines illocutionary speech acts , the author hopes that the research carried out this time can provide benefits for the development of pragmatics and broaden readers' horizons . Not only that, it is hoped that this study will also provide benefits to the general public and students majoring in Indonesian.