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Christian leadership rooted in John 15:1 8 and 13 17 depicts Jesus as the true vine, where leaders, as branches, must abide (remain attached) in Him (Jesus Christ) to bear abundant fruit through divine vision, moral integrity, and passionate service. This analysis explores how the vine metaphor shapes a leadership model that depends on an intimate (attached) relationship with Christ, producing fruit in daily life and ministry. The relationship between the vine and the branches reflects the necessity for church leaders to rely on Christ for guidance, strength, and the ability to serve others effectively. The model emphasizes the importance of nurturing personal spiritual growth, cultivating virtues that align with God’s purpose, and fostering a ministry focused on service and integrity. These principles are relevant for Indonesian church leaders who are called to integrate their faith with contextual ministry. By examining the passage through exegesis and literature review, this article provides insights on developing a Christ centered approach to leadership.

This study analyzes the urgency of synergy between the conceptual foundations of student management and strategic planning in the educational environment as an effort to optimize the potential of students. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach through literature study, with secondary data obtained from journal articles, books, and related literature. This study reveals that the success of student management does not only depend on mastery of the theory of educational service principles, but is also largely determined by the accuracy of planning steps, including needs analysis, recruitment, orientation, and student distribution systems. The results of the study show that the alignment between philosophical foundations and systematic managerial procedures is a crucial factor in creating a positive learning ecosystem and supporting the effective achievement of national educational goals. Through this integration, the policies implemented by educational institutions will be more representative in ensuring the comprehensive development of students' interests and talents.

This research is grounded in the enactment of Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the National Criminal Code, which raises normative questions regarding the legal status of gratification within Indonesia’s anti-corruption framework. The study aims to analyze the normative position of gratification following criminal law codification and to assess its implications for evidentiary mechanisms under the Anti-Corruption Law. Employing a normative legal research method, this study applies statutory and conceptual approaches through comprehensive literature review of primary and secondary legal sources. The findings indicate that gratification remains regulated under the Anti-Corruption Law as lex specialis and is not nullified by the National Criminal Code. The reversal of the burden of proof mechanism continues to apply, although its interpretation must align with fundamental criminal law principles such as culpability and proportionality. The study concludes that systematic harmonization between both legal regimes is essential to ensure legal certainty and strengthen anti-corruption enforcement.

Corruption cases in Indonesia often involve the recovery of state assets, including properties encumbered by mortgages (hak tanggungan). This research conducts a normative legal analysis on how current law treats such pledged assets when they become objects of state confiscation in corruption crimes. We examine Indonesian legislation (especially the Tipikor Act, TPPU Act, and Mortgage Act), judicial practice, and principles of justice and legal certainty. The Bank Perumda BPR Purworejo case is used as an illustrative case study: here fictitious loans and misused collateral led to state losses of hundreds of millions of rupiah, and investigators seized assets (including four mortgaged properties) as evidence. The analysis finds that existing rules inadequately protect good-faith creditors: courts have noted that a corruption verdict does not automatically erase a prior mortgage lien, and that a certified mortgage confers a preferential right equal to a judgment. In practice, however, law enforcement often seizes all assets of the convict without first verifying third-party rights, creating legal uncertainty and perceived injustice. We argue that fair outcomes require stricter safeguards for creditors (e.g. mandatory review of collateral status before seizure) and consideration of equitable principles. In conclusion, we recommend legal reforms or guidelines to balance the state’s recovery goals with protection of bona fide mortgagees, so as to uphold substantive justice while maintaining legal certainty.

Discretion exercised by election management bodies constitutes an administrative instrument that is functionally necessary to prevent stagnation in electoral processes under conditions of legal vacuum, normative ambiguity, or extraordinary circumstances. However, in practice, discretionary decisions often generate public concern and expose election officials to the risk of criminalization, particularly when such discretion is assessed through a formalistic and result oriented criminal law paradigm. This study aims to analyze the construction of criminal liability of election administrators for the use of discretion in conditions of electoral stagnation, by examining the paradigm shift from the old Indonesian Criminal Code to the new Criminal Code and its implications for criminal law enforcement under the Criminal Procedure Code. This research employs a normative legal method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. The findings reveal that the old Criminal Code tended to facilitate policy criminalization by emphasizing formal violations and objective consequences, whereas the new Criminal Code introduces a substantive approach centered on subjective fault, official purpose, and rationality of action. Nevertheless, the lack of synchronization with the Criminal Procedure Code which remains focused on conventional evidentiary standards causes discretionary actions of election administrators to remain legally ambiguous. Therefore, harmonization between substantive criminal law and criminal procedure law, along with a transformation in law enforcement reasoning, is essential to ensure that discretion exercised by election officials is assessed proportionally, contextually, and in line with democratic principles.

Criminal acts of assault against children constitute a serious violation of human rights that requires optimal legal protection by the state. As legal subjects, children are entitled to security, protection from violence, and guarantees for proper growth and development, as mandated by Pancasila, the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, and relevant child protection legislation. This study aims to conduct a juridical analysis of the legal considerations applied by judges in Decision Number 83/Pid.Sus/2020/PN.Kot concerning the criminal offense of assault committed against a child, as well as to assess their conformity with criminal law principles, child protection law, and the objectives of sentencing. This research employs a normative legal research method using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches, supported by primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The findings reveal that although the legal basis applied refers to Law Number 35 of 2014 on Child Protection, the judicial considerations have not been comprehensively formulated, as they insufficiently incorporate sociological, criminological, and child-centered protection perspectives. Consequently, the sentence imposed is relatively lenient and fails to fully reflect the objectives of punishment, particularly deterrence and sustainable protection for child victims. Therefore, strengthening the quality of judicial reasoning and ensuring the optimal application of relevant legal provisions are essential to achieve legal certainty, justice, and effective protection for children as victims of violent crimes.

This article examines the relationship between Islamic politics and democracy in contemporary Indonesia. As the country with the largest Muslim population in the world, Indonesia presents a distinctive dynamic in the interaction between Islamic values and modern democratic systems. This study aims to analyze how Islamic political actors, including political parties and religious organizations, interact with and adapt to democratic practices in the post-Reform era. The research employs a qualitative method through a literature review of Indonesian academic journals published within the last five years. The findings indicate that Islamic politics in Indonesia is plural and dynamic, showing an adaptive tendency toward democratic principles. Islamic values such as deliberation (shura), justice, and equality are considered compatible with democratic ideals. However, Islamic politics also faces contemporary challenges, including the politicization of religion, identity politics, and social polarization. The article concludes that the relationship between Islamic politics and democracy in Indonesia is dynamic and largely adaptive within the framework of the Pancasila state.

This study examines the urgency of regulating the nominal limit of restitution in criminal case resolution through a restorative justice approach from the perspective of legal certainty. Restorative justice in Indonesia is governed by PERKAP No. 8 of 2021, PERJA No. 15 of 2020, and PERMA No. 1 of 2024. However, none of these regulations explicitly stipulate the nominal limit of compensation payable to victims. The absence of such a provision potentially leads to legal uncertainty and unfair practices, particularly in cases where resolution depends on the offender's ability to pay restitution. This research adopts a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The study aims to analyze the necessity of regulating nominal limits and how such limits should be determined under the prevailing legal framework. The findings reveal that the lack of clear restitution limits hampers the effective implementation of restorative justice, undermines fairness, and fails to adequately protect victims' rights. Legal regulation of compensation limits is necessary to ensure legal certainty, prevent abuse of power, and uphold justice in the victim recovery process. The study recommends that the state promptly establish clear restitution limits through revision of existing regulations or formulation of new ones, taking into account the principles of justice, the offender’s financial capacity, and the proportionality of the victim's losses.

The president's prerogative is a form of power inherent in the president's position as head of state. One form of this prerogative is the granting of abolition, which is the abolition of legal proceedings against a person or group of people who are or will undergo judicial proceedings. However, in its implementation, the president's authority to grant abolition is not absolute, but is limited by the applicable legal provisions and constitutional mechanisms. This study aims to analyze the limits of the president's power in exercising the prerogative in the form of abolition and review the juridical aspects that govern the procedure and its considerations. The research method used is normative juridical research with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. Data sources are obtained from relevant laws and regulations, legal literature, and scientific works. The results of the study show that the president's authority in granting abolition is regulated in Article 14 paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, which requires the president to pay attention to the considerations of the House of Representatives (DPR). Thus, this authority is not an absolute prerogative, but is limited by the principle of checks and balances in the Indonesian constitutional system. The conclusion of this study emphasizes that the restriction is a form of constitutional supervision over the use of presidential power to remain in line with the principles of the rule of law and constitutional democracy

The steady increase in divorce cases in Indonesia suggests that many couples begin married life without adequate emotional, financial, or intellectual readiness. In response, the government encourages premarital education as a preventive initiative designed to equip future spouses with the skills needed to manage potential domestic difficulties. Viewed through the lens of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, this initiative supports the essential goals of Islamic law, namely the promotion of well-being at the personal, family, community, and national levels. This study argues that premarital education reflects the core principles of Islamic legal ethics and functions as a normative expression of the sharī‘ah. Using a normative-theoretical legal framework combined with a maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah analysis, the research engages Qur’anic and Hadith texts, classical and modern fiqh discussions, uṣūl al-fiqh, Indonesian regulatory provisions on premarital counseling, and scholarly works on Islamic Family Law. The results show that major triggers of marital breakdown emotional instability, financial pressure, recurring disputes, and limited understanding of marital responsibilities can be reduced through structured premarital education. These programs strengthen spiritual awareness, emotional resilience, communication skills, conflict-resolution abilities, and economic management. Consequently, premarital education becomes a strategic mechanism for nurturing harmonious households and reinforcing the framework of Islamic Family Law in Indonesia, positioning it as a sharī‘ah oriented tool vital for contemporary social welfare.  

Family conflict is an inherent aspect of marital and domestic life and entails complex legal, psychological, and social implications. In the practice of Islamic family law in Indonesia, the resolution of family disputes remains predominantly litigation-oriented, often resulting in the termination of legal relationships, particularly divorce, without adequate attention to the psychological restoration of the parties involved. This article aims to examine family counseling as an instrument for conflict resolution within Islamic family law through a normative legal research approach grounded in legal psychology. The study employs conceptual and legal-psychological approaches, utilizing primary legal sources such as the Qur’an and classical and contemporary Islamic jurisprudence, as well as secondary sources including scholarly books and academic journal articles on family law and legal psychology. The findings indicate that family counseling possesses strong normative legitimacy within Islamic family law through the principles of iṣlāḥ, the mechanism of ḥakam, and the orientation toward public welfare (maṣlaḥah). From a legal-psychological perspective, conflict resolution that accounts for emotional dimensions and procedural justice proves more effective in enhancing legal acceptance and compliance. The integration of family counseling as a restorative instrument does not replace judicial authority but complements it by strengthening the effectiveness of Islamic family law in addressing contemporary family conflicts in a just, humane, and sustainable manner.

The abuse of authority by public officials within Indonesia’s governmental administration has become an increasingly urgent issue to address. Such misconduct undermines the fundamental principles of good governance  including transparency, accountability, and justice which are essential for ensuring efficient and effective government operations. This study aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of the forms of abuse of authority by public officials, the factors influencing such behavior, and its impact on the effectiveness of governance and public trust. The research employs a normative approach with a prescriptive legal method, analyzing legislation related to the abuse of authority as well as a case-based approach to explore the implementation of authority by public officials in governmental practice.The findings indicate that abuse of authority may occur in various forms, such as exceeding the limits of granted power, conflating different authorities, or acting arbitrarily for personal or group interests  all of which contradict the principle of legality governing governmental actions. Moreover, such practices negatively affect the quality of public services and tarnish the image of governmental institutions. The study also finds that although Law No. 30 of 2014 on Government Administration provides a clear legal framework, its implementation remains hindered by weak internal and external oversight systems. Therefore, this research recommends strengthening more effective supervision mechanisms, enhancing transparency in administrative decision-making processes, and involving the public in monitoring efforts to ensure that public officials exercise their authority in accordance with established objectives in pursuit of a clean and just government.

Changes in values in modern society have led to a shift in the meaning of love in marital relationships, from moral and spiritual commitment to momentary emotions oriented towards personal satisfaction. This shift has weakened long-term commitment and increased relational conflict within families. Islam, with its concept of marriage as mitsāqan ghalīẓā and love as amanah, offers a relevant normative framework to respond to this crisis. This study aims to examine the concept of marriage in Islam and analyze how the values of sakinah, mawaddah, and raḥmah can be solutions to the crisis of the meaning of love in modern families. The method used is a qualitative literature study, through an examination of classical and contemporary Islamic literature and scientific studies on the dynamics of modern families and relationships. The data were analyzed thematically to identify the relationship between the meaning of love, commitment, and relational conflict. The results and discussion show that reducing love to mere emotion weakens the stability of marriage, while understanding love as a spiritual and moral trust strengthens empathy, communication, and conflict resolution mechanisms. The principles of ṣabr, raḥmah, and musyawarah have proven to play an important role in maintaining the resilience of relationships. In conclusion, Islamic marriage values provide a solid and adaptive ethical foundation for building a harmonious, mature, and sustainable family amid the challenges of modernity.

This study, entitled "Value Added Tax Fairness in Samarinda City," analyzes the fairness of the 11% VAT rate under Law No. 7 of 2021 using socio-legal methods. The results show that although the single 11% VAT rate meets the principles of legality and horizontal justice because it applies equally to all consumers, this policy is not entirely fair from a vertical justice perspective. The regressive nature of the consumption tax tends to place a greater burden on low-income households. Field findings reveal that MSMEs feel burdened because the rate does not take into account their economic capacity, coupled with a lack of understanding of the input and output tax credit mechanisms. Administrative complexity and minimal education from tax authorities contribute to low compliance rates. This study recommends the implementation of a more flexible tiered VAT rate, strengthening tax education, providing technical assistance, and simplifying reporting for MSMEs to improve compliance and create more equitable tax justice.  

The provision of grants by local governments to vertical agencies of the central government often raises legal tensions over local fiscal autonomy. This study aims to examine the implications of such grant disbursements through the lens of the General Principles of Good Governance (AUPB) and the principles of good financial governance. Employing a normative legal research method, this study analyzes the coherence between the discretionary powers of regional heads and the standards of clean governance. The research findings indicate that grant policies for central government agencies often disregard the principles of prudence and utility, with local budget allocations instead used to fund matters constitutionally the responsibility of the central government (the State Budget). This practice has the potential to become a source of abuse of authority (detournement de pouvoir) if not grounded in objective parameters of local public needs. This study concludes that evaluating grant policies through the AUPB framework, particularly regarding transparency, accountability, and participation, is crucial to preventing local financial subordination. More restrictive regulatory reforms are needed to ensure that grant expenditures remain focused on improving the quality of public services and community welfare at the local level without compromising national fiscal stability.

Sustainability accounting plays a very important role for companies, especially in managing the operational impacts on the environment and the surrounding community. Therefore, the implementation of sustainability accounting has a significant impact, particularly in the banking industry sector. This study aims to analyze the effects of implementing sustainability accounting in the banking sector, with Bank Mandiri as a case study. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach, focusing on the paradigm and analyzing the causes and effects of the implementation of sustainability accounting. The results show that the implementation of sustainability accounting affects the operations of Bank Mandiri, especially in efforts to reduce the negative impacts on the environment and society. One of the steps taken by Bank Mandiri is integrating sustainability principles into its operational strategy. Based on these findings, it is recommended that Bank Mandiri continue to strive to improve the company's environmental performance and expand sustainability programs that have a positive impact on society and the environment. In this way, the company can create long-term value not only for internal stakeholders but also for the broader community and the environment.

Floods are the most frequent hydrometeorological disasters in Indonesia and significantly contribute to increased trauma cases and disruption of healthcare services, particularly in vulnerable regions such as Aceh Province. These conditions are exacerbated by limited resources, damaged health facilities, and restricted access to referral centers. This study aims to examine the implementation of early emergency surgical management during flood disasters based on damage control surgery principles and international guidelines. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed through a literature review combined with field observations conducted during the emergency response phase of flood disasters in Bireuen Regency. Data were collected from direct clinical observations, brief interviews with healthcare providers, and documentation of trauma cases requiring early surgical intervention. The results indicate that effective patient stabilization can be achieved despite limited resources through airway, breathing, and circulation (ABC) management, hemorrhage control, wound irrigation, and fracture immobilization using simple and improvised equipment. Approximately 90% of patients were successfully stabilized prior to referral to definitive healthcare facilities. In conclusion, adaptive and timely application of damage control surgery principles plays a crucial role in saving lives and strengthening emergency surgical response during flood disasters.

This community service program aims to empower students. The lack of digital business literacy and knowledge about Islamic entrepreneurship in Islamic-based schools, as well as the application of sharia business principles, are the main drivers of this program. The activity implementation technique uses the Participatory Action Research (PAR) methodology. Problem identification, needs analysis, preparation of materials and instruments, pre-testing, training in Islamic business ethics and entrepreneurship theory, digital business practices, mentoring, post-testing, and program evaluation are some of the steps included in the activity. A total of 60 12th-grade students and ten instructors participated in this activity. The results showed that students' knowledge of sharia-based digital business, digital marketing skills, and entrepreneurial drive all increased. Student interest in starting a business increased by 78%, and participants' understanding of digital literacy increased by 85%. Furthermore, the program successfully instilled the ideals of Islamic entrepreneurship, such as accountability, honesty, and trustworthiness, as well as the prohibition of usury in digital business operations. In addition to encouraging the development of an Islamic digital business community within the educational environment, this community service program helps students develop personalities with noble morals, creativity, and adaptability.

This community service activity aims to improve participants' understanding of time management in building focus and self-discipline, particularly during the holy month of Ramadan, which is synonymous with various religious and social activities. The activity took place online on March 8, 2026, via Google Meet, with 15 participants, including students and the general public. The activity involved an educational webinar discussing the basic concepts of time management, strategies for managing activities during Ramadan, and the importance of developing disciplined habits in carrying out daily activities. The service method used in this activity was the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach, emphasizing the utilization of participants' potential and abilities to develop effective time management skills. The activity began with preparation, including creating a webinar flyer, preparing presentation materials using Canva, and scheduling activities through Google Meet. The results showed that participants gained a better understanding of the importance of time management in improving study focus, self-discipline, and productivity during Ramadan. Through this activity, participants are expected to be able to consistently implement time management principles in their daily lives, thereby improving their quality of life both academically and spiritually.

Abstract: The digital era demands that every individual possess visual literacy competencies, but in Islamic boarding schools (pesantren), access to technology is often limited to maintain focus on worship. The main problem at the Salafiyah Al-Furqon Islamic Boarding School in Sawangan, Magelang Regency, is the digital skills gap among 12th-grade students. This is caused by the boarding school's policy of only allowing mobile phone use during semester breaks, leaving students lacking practical multimedia skills prior to graduation. This community service activity aims to provide a solution through basic photography and videography training as a soft skill for alumni independence. The method used is a workshop that combines theoretical explanations and direct practice (experiential learning). The results of this activity show a significant increase in students' technical competency; participants are able to operate smartphone cameras with stable shooting techniques, understand the principles of visual composition (such as the rule of thirds and leading lines), and are able to perform basic video editing using mobile-based software applications. Through this training, Islamic boarding school graduates are expected to become individuals who are adaptive to technological developments and able to utilize visual media as a means of creative economics and digital da'wah after graduation.