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This study departs from the mubadalah approach in interpreting hadiths related to gender relations from the perspective of Faqihuddin Abdul Qadir's thought. Through a literature review and descriptive-analytical analysis method, this research examines how mubadalah, as a hermeneutic method, can offer a fair, contextual, and equitable reading of religious texts. In Faqihuddin's view, mubadalah is based on the principles of reciprocity and mutual relations between men and women, rejecting both gender hegemony and subordination. This approach serves as a critical response to the patriarchal constructions in Islamic interpretations that have marginalized women. The findings indicate that mubadalah can bridge the gap between conservative textual approaches and radical liberal readings, and is relevant for realizing justice and gender equality in the lives of Muslims

This study aims to comprehensively examine the role of women in agricultural economic development through three main focuses: women's real contribution in agricultural economic activities, structural and socio-cultural barriers that limit their participation, and empowerment strategies to realize a more inclusive agricultural economy. The background of this research stems from the reality that although women play a significant role in various aspects of agricultural production and resource management, recognition of their contribution is still structurally and culturally limited. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a library research approach, which utilizes primary sources such as official government documents and reports of international institutions, as well as secondary sources in the form of relevant scientific literature. Data were collected through a systematic search of digital databases, then analyzed using content analysis techniques to identify key themes related to the roles, barriers and strategies for empowering women in the agricultural economy. The results show that women have concrete contributions in production activities, processing of agricultural products, and financial management of farm-based households. However, their participation is still hampered by patriarchal structures, limited access to resources (such as land, capital, and training), and social norms that tend to marginalize women's role in decision-making. Effective empowerment strategies include strengthening women's capacity through education and skills training, forming women's farmer groups, and advocating for policies that support gender equality in agricultural development. In conclusion, the role of women in the agricultural economy is not only relevant but also crucial in promoting food security and sustainable rural development. Therefore, the integration of gender perspectives in agricultural policy is an urgency that cannot be ignored.

Elderly in the Nurul Iman Islamic Boarding School for the Elderly often face emotional challenges such as feelings of marginalization, loss of purpose, difficulty accepting declining health, loss of a spouse or loved ones, and unpreparedness for death. If these feelings are continuously dwelled upon, they can lead to stress. The aim of this study is to describe the stress coping mechanisms of the elderly residing at the Nurul Iman Islamic Boarding School for the Elderly in Karanganyar. The research method used is qualitative with a phenomenological approach. The research location is at the Nurul Iman Islamic Boarding School for the Elderly in Karanganyar, located at Ngablak RT 01 RW 09, Papahan, Tasikmadu District, Karanganyar Regency. The subjects of this study are 3 individuals selected using purposive sampling technique. Data collection was conducted through interviews and observations. Data analysis techniques include data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results show that the elderly apply stress coping using emotion-focused coping. Furthermore, the subjects continue to strive to live their lives by accepting fate and being grateful for whatever happens. The subjects have formed new social groups at the Nurul Iman Islamic Boarding School for the Elderly in Karanganyar, engaging in activities such as religious study sessions, dhikr, and reading Iqro or the Quran. The conditions experienced by the subjects have enhanced their religiosity.

This study aims to analyze in regard of women's social conditions in the film Holy Spiderdirected by Ali Abbasi. Using a descriptive qualitative approach based on Simone de Beauvoir's theory of women's position, Erving Goffman's theory of stigma, Michel Foucault's theory of power, and the sociology of literature approach, this research reveals how Holy Spiderrepresents gender inequality and the oppression of women within Iran's social structure. The characters Rahimi, a journalist, along with Somayeh and Soghra, who are sex workers, illustrate how women experience restricted mobility, violence, discrimination, and social marginalization. The findings show that the portrayal of women's social conditions in the film not only reflects the social realities in Iran but also highlights how power and social norms contribute to reinforcing injustice against women. Through this film, Abbasi presents the harsh reality faced by women living under a rigid patriarchal system that denies space for gender equality.

This study analyzes the representation of women in the national movement within high school history textbooks of the Merdeka Curriculum using the Discourse-Historical Approach (DHA) by Ruth Wodak. The findings reveal that women appear eight times less frequently than men, with their roles concentrated in education (30%), social organizations (25%), and health (20%), while political and military roles are minimal. Language analysis shows that active-strategic diction dominates descriptions of male figures (85%), whereas passive-emotional diction prevails for female figures (60-70%). The narrative structure applies the Great Men Theory, placing women as supplements to the main story. Visual representation marginalizes women through smaller photo sizes, peripheral placement, and domestic contexts. Ideological analysis confirms that patriarchal structures dominate all discourse production dimensions, with the state scoring 5/5 and women as subjects scoring only 1/5. The deconstruction score averages 2.2 out of 10, indicating a significant gap from the ideal inclusive representation. These findings demonstrate that despite the Merdeka Curriculum's inclusive aspirations, history textbooks continue to reproduce gender biases that marginalize women's historical contributions.

This study aims to examine the effect of idle time on the productivity of dry bulk loading and unloading activities at the Java Integrated Industrial and Port Estate (JIIPE). The research employed a quantitative correlational approach, with data collection techniques including observation, documentation, and company records. The research sample consisted of 12 vessels engaged in loading and unloading at Java Integrated Industrial and Port Estate (JIIPE) port during the period from January to July 2024. The analysis revealed a correlation coefficient of -0.16, indicating a very weak negative relationship between idle time and productivity. The coefficient of determination, at 2.56%, suggests that idle time contributes only marginally to productivity, while the remainder is influenced by other factors. The factors affecting idle time include weather conditions, equipment failures, and truck delays. The conclusion indicates that while idle time does impact productivity, the effect is not statistically significant..    

An investigation was conducted at A State Senior High School in Kupang City, NTT.to assess how Project-Based Learning (PjBL) and Discovery Learning (DL) models differentially impact student learning activities and outcomes when teaching atomic structure. Adopting a quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent control group, the study collected data through comprehensive activity questionnaires, observation sheets, and pretest/posttest instruments. The findings clearly showed that PjBL significantly boosted student learning activities, with an average score of 81.19, considerably higher than the 66.15 observed in the DL group. This significant difference was statistically confirmed by an independent samples t-test. Regarding learning outcomes, the PjBL group's average (70.97) was marginally better than the DL group's (68.89), but this difference did not reach statistical significance. It is suggested that limitations in learning time may have played a role in the learning outcomes. This study concludes that PjBL is superior for enhancing student engagement and activity, while both PjBL and DL are equally effective in improving student learning outcomes. Ultimately, the choice of a learning model should be strategically aligned with educational goals, subject matter, and the unique characteristics of the classroom to maximize student achievement.

This study aims to examine the contribution of zakat to socio-economic mobility during the leadership of the Prophet Muhammad SAW in Madinah, emphasizing its role not merely as a religious obligation but also as a strategic instrument for social transformation. Employing a qualitative method through literature review, this research explores historical accounts, Islamic economic literature, and academic sources related to zakat management. The findings reveal that zakat, when administered systematically and empowerment-oriented, effectively reduced social inequality, improved the living standards of marginalized communities, and promoted sustainable social mobility. The productive zakat model introduced by the Prophet SAW not only succeeded in establishing social justice in Madinan society but also laid the foundation for an economy based on communal solidarity. These results highlight the relevance of the Prophetic zakat model as an alternative solution for addressing contemporary socio-economic challenges, particularly in promoting equitable and sustainable development.

This study aims to deconstruct the technocratic rationality underpinning social investment policies implemented in Bima Regency by critically illuminating the ideological co-optation of neoliberalism, which manifests through the language of modernity, productivity, and pseudo-empowerment. Within a structurally asymmetrical and historically marginalized context, the global paradigm of social investment has been adopted in an ahistorical and depoliticized manner, resulting in policy architectures that are both irrelevant and exclusionary. Employing a critical-qualitative approach with a deconstructive design rooted in post-structuralist epistemology, this research conceptualizes public policy as an ideological text that demands reinterpretation and recontextualization. Data were obtained through rigorous analysis of institutional and academic literature and interpreted using the framework of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA). The findings reveal that social investment policies in Bima function not as instruments of structural transformation but rather as symbolic mechanisms of ideological co-optation, which conceal systemic inequality under the guise of bureaucratic performance metrics. The local state apparatus has lost its articulative capacity, subordinated to a global epistemology that is profoundly indifferent to local particularities. Terminologies such as “empowerment” and “human capacity” are reduced to administrative slogans devoid of redistributive justice. Consequently, the social investment paradigm has shifted the state's role from an agent of justice to a managerial entity of poverty normalizing exclusion and reinforcing the subordination of the subaltern populace.

This article explores a critical perspective on epistemology that has long been influenced by Western-centric biases, aiming to uncover its inherent discriminatory aspects. Employing a literature-based approach, the discussion centers on two primary concerns. First, the exclusionary nature of Western epistemology is inseparable from the ideals of modernity, which emphasize progress and innovation. These characteristics often marginalize alternative knowledge systems rooted in traditional or indigenous communities. Second, the discourse of development operates as a mechanism to perpetuate Western epistemological dominance, serving as a justification to reassert control over nations in the Global South or former colonies. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of fostering a critical mindset among scholars, encouraging openness to diverse epistemological frameworks that reflect local contexts, without entirely dismissing the scientific traditions of the West.

The Gospel of Luke places special emphasis on the concept of the Kingdom of God as the core of the preaching of Jesus Christ. In Luke's understanding, the Kingdom of God is not merely an eschatological reality that will come in the future, but also a spiritual reality that has been present through the work, teachings, and ministry of Jesus. This study aims to explore in depth the meaning, characteristics, and implications of the Kingdom of God as presented in the Gospel of Luke. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a literature study of biblical texts and relevant theological references. The results of the study show that the Kingdom of God in the Gospel of Luke has several important aspects, namely being theocentric, dynamic, messianic, and closely related to salvation. The Kingdom of God is present in the ministry of Jesus and is marked by real actions such as forgiveness of sins, healing, and preaching to marginalized groups. The implications of this study emphasize that a correct understanding of the Kingdom of God will bring about radical changes in life and require repentance, faith, and active involvement in the preaching of the Gospel. Thus, the concept of the Kingdom of God in the Gospel of Luke has strong relevance to the lives of believers today.

The study looks at how elections in Nigeria and other countries set the stage for political succession. They once gave dishonest people and organizations the chance to carry out crimes of rigging to harm the electorate and other competitors. Stakeholders and the electorate are marginalized by unchecked manipulation, which results in their losing the election or having their votes stolen or canceled, all without their fault. This was the case prior to the introduction of smart card readers and permanent voter cards. The use of technology in Nigerian elections made it very difficult for results to be altered, either by dishonest people or by changing figures in an arbitrary and fraudulent manner. This electronic device is very difficult to copy or compromise due to its transparent application and built-in security mechanisms. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the reasons why the smart card reader was necessary, the arguments against its usage, and its effectiveness in the 2015 presidential elections, as well as the possibility of more elections in the future.

The development of the Toba Caldera Geopark as a national priority tourism destination is part of the government’s efforts to drive regional economic growth, improve community welfare, and strengthen Indonesia’s position in sustainable tourism. However, its implementation presents significant challenges in balancing economic development, environmental sustainability, and social justice, particularly for indigenous communities around the area. This study aims to analyze the impact of the Toba Caldera Geopark development policy on the environment and local indigenous communities. A multidisciplinary approach was employed, combining qualitative methods through in-depth interviews and participatory observations, along with quantitative data from surveys and official secondary sources. The results indicate potential conflicts between tourism infrastructure development and nature conservation, including environmental degradation and the erosion of local cultural values. Additionally, there is a risk of marginalization of indigenous communities in terms of access to natural resources and their involvement in decision-making processes. Therefore, this study recommends the need for more inclusive and sustainable policies that place indigenous communities at the center of geopark management. Active participation of local communities, recognition of customary land rights, and development approaches based on local wisdom are essential to achieving equitable, sustainable, and environmentally responsible development of the Toba Caldera Geopark.

This study explores the role of the Catholic Church in fostering dialogue with migrants and refugees in the Diocese of Maumere, Indonesia, while also examining its pastoral and theological responses to the complex challenges posed by modern migration. As migration becomes a pressing global issue, the Church is called to be a beacon of compassion, justice, and inclusion for those displaced from their homelands. Employing a qualitative research method, this study utilizes both fieldwork and literature review, with data gathered through in-depth interviews with clergy and community members, as well as analysis of ecclesiastical documents and pastoral guidelines.The findings reveal that the Church implements three primary forms of dialogue: the dialogue of presence, which emphasizes being physically and emotionally present with migrants; the dialogue of life, which promotes shared daily experiences and mutual respect; and the dialogue of liberation, which focuses on advocating for the rights and dignity of refugees. Despite these efforts, the Church faces several challenges, including limited financial and human resources, bureaucratic inefficiencies, and cultural resistance from segments of the local population.To address these obstacles, the study recommends that the Church strengthen collaboration with government agencies and civil society organizations, enhance education and empowerment initiatives for refugees, and promote community awareness on the values of solidarity and acceptance. By adopting a comprehensive and sustainable approach, the Church can reinforce its mission to serve the marginalized and uphold the inherent dignity of every human being, especially those most vulnerable due to forced migration and displacement.

Indonesia is a country that recognizes two major concepts and then they implement them, such as the Republic and Democracy systems. The two concepts are even stronger presented in the 1945 Constitution as the main part and at the same time a source of pride. However, Indonesia does not really practice the two concepts in reality because they have eliminated one important part of the general problem, namely the position of citizens and their rights in the country. The phenomenon of marginalizing left-wing politics is a tragedy in Indonesian history that makes the construction of the paradigm of Indonesian society consider that left-wing politics is too radical, anarchic and dangerous for Indonesia. so that the steps they take are to stay away from the world of left-wing politics which results in an imbalance between the government and citizens, a gap where the government together with the capitalists compete in progress and happiness, while ordinary people in Indonesia try and fight to stay alive. Left-wing politics is part of one way to apply the principles of Pancasila, especially the fourth and fifth principles. Left-wing politics basically offers a humanitarian struggle, so Indonesia needs that principle to revive national values ​​in the form of real changes to better steps.

Marginal coastal land has not been able to be utilized optimally by communities around the coast for agriculture. So far, coastal sand land has limited management and is considered to be poor. With the limited beach sand land, efforts need to be made to increase its productivity by providing soil improvement materials and by the right way to fertilize. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of applying soil amendments and doses of TSP fertilizer to marginal coastal land. The location of this research was carried out in Sidorejo Village, Langsa Lama District, Langsa City with an altitude of ± 10 m above sea level. This research was structured using a factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK), as the first factor, namely the type of soil amendment material P1 (husk charcoal), P2 (wood charcoal), P3 (zeolite) and P4 (clay), the second factor was the level of TSP fertilizer dose, namely D0 (0 kg)/ha), D1 (100 kg/ha), D2 (150 kg/ha), D3 (200 kg/ha) and D4 (250 kg/ha). Data were analyzed using anova (F experiment) from the 5% and 1% levels. If the treatment has a real effect, then continue with the BNJ test at the 5% level. The research results showed that the type of soil amendment material had a very significant effect on the parameters of number of branches and number of pods per plant. The best results were found in the soil amendment type P2 (husk charcoal). And the dose of TSP fertilizer has a very significant effect on the number of pods per plant. The best results were obtained on D4 (25 g/polybag).

The Compilation of Islamic Law consists of three books, namely book I on marriage, book II on inheritance, book III on endowments explained in Article 83. The Compilation of Islamic Law requires wives to organize household affairs is discrimination against gender, domestication of women causes unproductivity and marginalization of women from their essence as human beings. Fulfillment of political, economic, citizenship, education rights, and roles in the household must be fulfilled. And the division of husband and wife roles in the public and domestic environments is carried out through deliberation which leads to gender role justice. Gender justice in the household can be realized as long as men (husbands) can treat their wives and children fairly.

This research aims to describe the portrait of women from the perspective of patriarchal culture who are always considered to be in an inferior position, and experience various acts of discrimination in the domestic and public spheres. These acts of discrimination take the form of marginalization, subordination and repression which are represented by female characters in the literary works La Barka and Nayla. The type of research used is qualitative descriptive research. This research uses a feminist literary criticism approach. The data in this research is in the form of exposure to words, sentences, dialogue and helping which reflect patriarchal domination in the form of marginalization, subordination and repression experienced by the female characters in La Barka and Nayla. The data source in this research is the literary work entitled La Barka by Nh. Dini and Nayla by Djenar Maesa Ayu. Based on the results of data analysis and research findings, it was concluded that in La Barka and Nayla data was found regarding (1) patriarchal domination in the form of marginalization, (2) patriarchal domination in the form of subordination, and (3) patriarchal domination in the form of repression.  

Globalization has induced substantial changes across multiple facets of life in Indonesia, encompassing social, economic, and cultural dimensions. This study seeks to examine the effects of globalization on social inequality and poverty in Indonesia. The results demonstrate that globalization generates significant opportunities via access to global markets, foreign capital, and cutting-edge technologies. Nonetheless, these advantages are not uniformly allocated, leading to increasing societal inequalities. Communities possessing access to education, technology, and economic resources are more adept at leveraging globalization, but marginalized groups, such as the rural impoverished, often fall behind. Transformations in economic frameworks, urban development, and the impact of global culture intensify regional and socioeconomic disparities. While globalization can alleviate poverty via economic expansion, its advantages frequently favor particular demographics, therefore exacerbating the disparity between the affluent and the impoverished. This study underscores the significance of inclusive and equitable measures to alleviate the adverse effects of globalization. The government must improve access to education, technology, and economic opportunities for marginalized people while bolstering regional development to promote equality. Effective management of globalization can facilitate sustainable development and mitigate social inequality in Indonesia. Without sufficient action, globalization threatens to intensify inequalities and poverty within society.  

This study explores the role of spiritual eco-leadership within religious communities and its potential for fostering climate resilience and sustainability. Religious communities, guided by spiritual values such as stewardship, social justice, and care for creation, have a unique position to contribute significantly to addressing climate change. Through qualitative case studies of religious communities engaged in climate-resilient practices, this research identifies key personal qualities of effective eco-leaders, examines the theological foundations driving eco-leadership, and investigates how community structures can support sustainable practices. The findings highlight the importance of qualities such as compassion, integrity, and vision in eco-leaders, which enable them to inspire collective action towards environmental sustainability. Additionally, the study uncovers the centrality of theological principles, particularly those rooted in stewardship and social justice, in guiding eco-leadership within faith-based contexts. The research also discusses the challenges these communities face, including institutional conservatism, resource constraints, and the marginalization of eco-leaders. Strategies for overcoming these barriers are proposed, emphasizing the need for education, advocacy, and interfaith collaboration. The study concludes that spiritual eco-leadership, when supported by strong theological foundations and community structures, can serve as a powerful force in driving climate resilience and promoting sustainability, both locally and globally. By fostering eco-leadership, religious communities can play a transformative role in addressing climate change and enhancing community adaptation to environmental challenges.