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This research aims to examine the legality and quality of the bottled drinking water product under the AIDRAT brand. Product legality refers to compliance with applicable laws and regulatory standards, while product quality refers to the product's ability to meet consumer expectations and needs. The research employs a qualitative approach with a literature study method, which involves understanding and studying relevant theories from various literature sources. The research results show that AIDRAT beverages have met the legality requirements, such as having a distribution permit from BPOM (Indonesia's Food and Drug Administration), halal certification from LPPOM MUI (Indonesian Ulema Council's Food, Drug, and Cosmetics Study Institute), and compliance with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). In terms of quality, AIDRAT beverages use natural mountain spring water processed with modern technology, such as reverse osmosis, to maintain purity and freshness. These beverages are also rich in oxygen and do not contain preservatives or artificial additives. The conclusion of this research is that AIDRAT bottled drinking water is a product that has met all safety and quality requirements, both in terms of legality and product quality.    

The recognition of electronic evidence as evidence that can be submitted to court and recognized as valid evidence has been carried out since 1977 through the Company Documents Law which stipulates that microfilm containing recorded documents of a company can be submitted as evidence in court if it arises in the future. lawsuit. According to the Company Documents Law, electronic document evidence is part of documentary evidence, whereas the Corruption Law clearly explains that electronic information and electronic documents are an extension of documentary evidence. Because electronic mail in the form of electronic information or electronic documents has been recognized as one of the valid pieces of evidence in special crimes outside the Criminal Code, in line with the legal evidence in Article 184 of the Criminal Procedure Code which is a new type of evidence, it is hoped that investigators, public prosecutors, advisors The law and judges have an understanding of this electronic evidence. In examining criminal cases, it is hoped that the judge will impose a sentence based on two valid pieces of evidence and the judge will be convinced that the defendant is guilty of committing a criminal act, then the judge must impose the maximum sentence according to the prosecutor's demands, so that the defendant will be deterred and the public's sense of justice will be fulfilled.  

International agreements, which may include bilateral, regional or multilateral agreements, are recognized as laws that compel parties to comply (pacta sunt servanda). If an International Agreement has been ratified through a ratification process by a country, then the agreement has binding status and must be implemented by all parties and acts as a source of law in the decision-making process by law enforcement officials. In Indonesia, the same principle is applied to every International Agreement that Indonesia has participated in, whether it has gone through the ratification process or not, where the agreement has binding legal force for all parties involved.

The Correctional System has been able to change the prison system for the better by treating prisoners as subjects. This is where the human factor is more emphasised and prisoners are also increasingly valued. The Correctional System has been able to change the prison system for the better by treating prisoners as subjects. This is where the human factor is highlighted and prisoners are also increasingly valued. The hope is that after the prisoner leaves the correctional institution, the prisoner will not repeat the criminal act again or the prisoner has had a deterrent effect on the prisoner. The research used in this journal is normative legal research. Normative legal research is research that examines the laws and regulations that apply to a legal problem. Normative research with the object of study of legislative documents by studying and by examining library legal materials or can be called a study of legal science. Prisoners are people who are undergoing a period of punishment or punishment in the penitentiary, but however the prisoner is also a human being, so the human rights of prisoners must also be protected. Related to the provision of the rights of prisoners in the Provision of services to the rights of prisoners that have been in the Class II B Tanjung Pura Detention Centre including the revocation of conditional release, granting permission to leave the city, requests for medical recommendations given to prisoners, transfer at the request of their own legal counsel in the region or between regions, delegation of correctional client guidance, social rehabilitation for drug users, referral for further treatment outside the prison, legal consultation in the field of correctional services, legal aid facilities, conditional leave for general crimes and the assimilation of general crimes.

  This research focuses on the values ​​of the existence of the sekaten tradition in the perspective of customary law and Islamic law, as stated in article 18B paragraph 2 which states that "The state recognizes and respects customary law community units and their traditional rights as long as they are still alive and in accordance with with the development of society and the principles of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia." and also article 28 paragraph 3 which emphasizes that the cultural identity and rights of traditional communities must be respected along with developments over time. The method used in this research is Library Research, which means dissecting the value of the existence of the sekaten tradition and the formation of customary law and Islamic law. Customary law and Islamic law have become part of the positive legal system in Indonesia. In the formation of positive law in Indonesia, both customary law and Islamic law were recognized and integrated into the national legal framework. Islamic law encourages Muslims to create a just and harmonious society where individual interests do not outweigh social interests. These ideas are consistent with traditional beliefs that highlight the importance of community, solidarity, and mutual aid in society. However, it is important to realize that how Islamic law is interpreted and implemented varies across societies and countries.

This journal aims to provide an explanation of Article 5 of Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence which states that every person is prohibited from committing domestic violence against people within their household by means of: physical violence, psychological violence, sexual violence. and/or household neglect. In reality, even though there is Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence, domestic violence still occurs frequently. The purpose of writing this article is to explain the factors that cause domestic violence and the suitability of the Perempuan Academy program as a sustainable non-penal effort to tackle domestic violence and its obstacles in Kel. Karang Anyar, Samarinda City. The data in this article was obtained from secondary data by conducting library research and reviewing textbooks and statutory regulations. The primary data in this article was obtained by carrying out data collection techniques and also interviews with a number of respondents and informants. The results of this research show that the factors that cause domestic violence are economic inequality and the community's lack of knowledge about domestic violence. Efforts to reduce domestic violence in Kel. Karang Anyar has been carried out in various ways, one of which is through mediation and through the Perempuan Academy which is appropriate as a sustainable non-penal effort. The obstacles faced in implementing this program are the aspect of activity support tools which are considered to be less than optimal. The factors that cause domestic violence resolutions do not reach the courts are because victims do not want to report them for various reasons. Meanwhile, efforts that can be made by law enforcement officials are repressive and preventive efforts by providing education about domestic violence. It is recommended that all relevant parties, including the police, legal aid institutions, government and society, continue to increase integrated cooperation in dealing with domestic violence.      

Access to justice is fundamental to a fair legal system, yet many individuals face barriers due to financial constraints and limited resources. This article explores the role of legal aid and support services in enhancing access to justice, with a focus on vulnerable populations. The study evaluates the effectiveness of current legal aid programs, identifies key challenges, and suggests strategies for improving the availability and quality of legal assistance. The findings emphasize the importance of equitable legal support in ensuring justice for all.

The proliferation of imported used clothing trade is due to clothes sold having foreign brands at cheap prices so that people who want to stay fashionable prefer imported used clothes because they are considered more affordable. The Clinical Pathology Laboratory of Muhammadiyah University Surabaya stated that used clothing samples contained mold or yeast fungi, Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, Escherichia coli bacteria and HPV (Human Papilloma Virus). This study aims to investigate the regulations regarding the trade of secondhand clothing in Indonesia and explore the legal protection provided for consumers of secondhand clothing in the country. The study employed a normative juridical legal research method, utilizing both the statute approach and conceptual approach. It drew upon legal materials such as Law Number 8 of 1999, Law Number 36 of 2009, Law Number 7 of 2014, and Minister of Trade Regulation No. 18 of 2021. The initial finding of the research was that the importation of secondhand clothing in Indonesia has been prohibited under Minister of Trade Regulation No. 18 of 2021, Article 2, paragraph (3), while local secondhand clothing businesses are permitted based on the Indonesian Business Field Standard Classification (KBLI) with code 47742. Secondly, legal protection for secondhand clothing consumers in Indonesia has been regulated in Law Number 8 of 1999. One of the consumer rights that needs to be fulfilled in consumer protection is the right to compensation for losses suffered by consumers based on Article 4 number 8, Article 7 letter f, and Article 19 paragraph (1).

The 1945 NRI Constitution as the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia has guaranteed equality before the law for everyone, therefore the State guarantees and is obliged to ensure that its citizens have better access to legal aid. The data still displays a difference in the number of Legal Aid Organizations (LOB) and the underprivileged individuals seeking justice. There are thousands of law firms that have been established and spread across the Indonesian territory in both litigation and non-litigation fields, which can be the solution or answer to this inequality. The type of research is juridical-normative and employs a legal approach to research. The interpretation method involves an interpretation-systematic approach that analyzes qualitative data. As for the conclusion reached, (1) The Regulation on the Granting of Legal Aid in Indonesia are based on the provisions of the Herziene Indische Reglement (HIR), Act No. 18 of 1981 on the Law of Criminal Procedure, Act No. 18 of 2003 on Advocates, Act No. 48 of 2009 on Judicial Authority and Act No. 16 of 2011 on Legal Aid. (2) The role of a law firm in improving access to legal aid in the community is to provide legal aid or legal services free of charge as an embodiment of the officium nobile and to cooperate or collaborate with certain local Legal Aid Institutions with the form of tangible activities such as holding legal counseling accompanied by the provision of legal aid services.

This study analyzes how socioeconomic inequality affects access to justice, focusing on the effectiveness of legal aid systems in various countries. By comparing government-funded and NGO-supported legal aid programs, the article examines the barriers faced by marginalized communities in obtaining legal representation and fair trials. Results suggest that improving access to legal aid is crucial for reducing disparities in the legal system and promoting equitable justice.

The importance of the taxation system as an economic pillar becomes increasingly prominent in the face of the complexity of international relations and ongoing technological developments. This article discusses the challenges faced by Indonesia in optimizing tax revenue and controlling tax avoidance in the era of globalization. The phenomenon of tax avoidance, particularly involving renowned companies such as PT Bentoel and Google, is a central issue in the context of taxation law in Indonesia. Its impact is significant, with reports from the Tax Justice Network estimating the country's losses at US$4.86 billion per year or approximately IDR 68.7 trillion. Tax avoidance not only has a negative impact on tax revenue but also has the potential to undermine the overall effectiveness of the taxation system. Indonesia is confronted with the expansion of tax avoidance practices, especially by companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, reinforcing the urgency to address this issue within the existing taxation legal framework. This research adopts a qualitative method with a focus on tax supervision and enforcement to explore efforts to combat tax crimes in Indonesia. Thus, this study is expected to provide an in-depth understanding of the root issues and formulate effective solutions to enhance the effectiveness of Indonesia's taxation system. The research findings are anticipated to serve as a foundation for the development of a more effective national fiscal policy, addressing loopholes in the taxation legal framework, and preventing detrimental tax avoidance practices.    

Access to justice is a fundamental right that is still difficult to reach by rural communities, including in Deme Dua Village and Bubalango Village. Paralegals play an important role in providing legal assistance for people who have limited access to professional advocates. This study aims to analyze the strengthening of the role and function of paralegals in improving access to justice in the two villages. The research method used is a qualitative approach with a descriptive method to understand the dynamics of paralegals' roles in resolving legal disputes and the challenges they face. The results showed that paralegals contribute to legal education, conflict resolution through mediation, and legal assistance for vulnerable groups. However, they face obstacles such as limited resources and lack of recognition from the formal legal apparatus. In conclusion, strengthening the role of paralegals can improve access to inclusive justice in rural communities, but needs policy support and more systematic training.

Society 5.0 aims to make things easier by integrating virtual and physical spaces and incorporating artificial intelligence (hereafter referred to as AI). Therefore, the purpose of this research is to utilize AI as legal aid towards Society 5.0 in Indonesia. Artificial intelligence in the legal field helps many legal practitioners in conducting due diligence and investigations that are usually done by lawyers.  AI can also analyze legal documents and find weaknesses and flaws in legal documents, usually contracts. This shows the huge potential of artificial intelligence. Therefore, there is nothing wrong with AI being used more widely in this country, becoming a legal tool to solve people's problems.

This study discusses problems related to the application of the lex fravo reo principle in the criminal justice system in Indonesia which focuses on premeditated detention cases committed by former Kadif Propam Polri.  Ferdy Sambo, S.H., S.I.K., M.H against his own aide Brigadier Nofriansyah Yosua at the National Police Service house. This study aims to find out why the principle of lex fravo reo is needed in the criminal justice system in Indonesia and how the principle of lex fravo reo differs in the old Criminal Code and in the new Criminal Code. In this study the author used a normative juridical approach. The results in this study show that the application of the lex favor reo principle is very important in the legal system and criminal justice system in Indonesia because it strives for justice to be given equally to defendants where if there is a change in the substance of the criminal law Then the provisions in favor of the defendant apply. The principle of lex favor reo in the old Criminal Code is actually as affirmed in Article 1 paragraph (2) of the old Criminal Code, which emphasizes that if there is a change in the substance of the criminal law, then what is applied is the rule that is most beneficial to the accused. Furthermore, in the new Criminal Code, the principle of lex favor reo is also formulated in Article 3 juncto Article 618 of the new Criminal Code, which in essence is not much different from the formulation of Article 1 paragraph (2) of the old Criminal Code.

This study aims to determine and analyse the basis for the enactment of Article 14 Point 8 of the Notary Deed towards the establishment of the foundation. The research method used in this research is Normative with a Legislation approach (statue approach) and case approach. The results showed that the validity of Article 14 number 8 of the Notarial Deed on the Establishment of a Legal Aid Institution in the Form of a Foundation does not have strong legal force because there are no rules that prohibit the management from concurrently implementing activities as contained in article 14 number 8 of the Notarial Deed on the Establishment of a Legal Aid Institution in the Form of a Foundation.

The presence of the Legal Aid Post (Posbakum) is generally referred to as a major invasion, representing a development of the previous government's legal aid policies. Its existence reflects Indonesia's lawful state responsibilities. The Supreme Court (MA) established Posbakum in all courts of first instance that provide legal aid services, including General Courts, Religious Courts, and State Administrative Courts. This service activity was carried out at the Jember Religious Court with the goal of providing knowledge and understanding to the people of Jember Regency, particularly the less fortunate, so that they are more aware of the Jember Religious Court's legal aid facilities, which can assist in filing or handling cases and ensuring equality before the law.

Small-scale retail is an economic business that stands alone with capital and is carried out by people who sell Consumer legal protection for the community is very important. Therefore, a synergistic relationship between consumers, employers and the government is needed to realize the performance of customer safety in society. The reason of writing on this thesis includes a standard objective, particularly to meet one of the necessities and duties of finishing a examine to gain a Bachelor of Laws diploma on the Faculty of Law, Udayana University and a particular objective, particularly to recognize and recognize the shape of criminal safety for purchasers in shopping for and promoting transactions of iPhone ex-inter. experiencing IMEI blocking. The approach utilized in scripting this thesis is a normative juridical writing approach that applies the ideas of fantastic law, in scripting this thesis numerous procedures are used, particularly the statutory method and the conceptual method. The conclusions drawn from this writing are First, the shape of criminal safety that may be acquired with the aid of using purchasers is that it is able to be withinside the shape of preventive criminal safety according with Article four of the Consumer Protection Act which regulates customer rights and is achieved earlier than a contravention occurs.

These are designed to identify and test the differences of two groups or more. Studies are conducted to compare a variable, between different subjects and different times and find causal links. Concerning the lawyer as legal aid, or a law service to a community or a client who faces the legal problems that are sorely needed as society grows in awareness of the law and the complexity of legal matters. The purpose of this study is to know the normative juridical analysis on the settling of inheritance disputes district court at Kediri City (lawyer's service comparison study and without lawyer's service). The focus of the problem in this study is that what role uses a lawyer’s service and without the lawyer’s service in the process of ending inheritance at Kediri City district court. What are some obstacles using a lawyer’s service and without a lawyer’s service in the process of ending inheritance at Kediri City district court. The research method uses a normative juridical research. In this method, a consideration of the research specialty includes a descriptive analysis that sets out discussion of the study for obtaining legal certainty associated with a lawyer’s service and without the lawyer’s service with his clients, linked to the rules of law and civil law practice and inheritance. The country with a majority moeslem heir according to Islamic doctrine is also written in section 176-185 of KHI (compilation of Islamic law). Some important items of inheritance are listed in the chapters of this law. An advice for the community, before taking a decision to use the lawyer’s service, the client must be good at choosing the lawyer’s service whether it is according to the procedure or vice versa. If it is understandable and correct so that there are no misconceptions of perception that can hurt the society, for some mistakes of taking a decision using the lawyer’s service.  

The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the application of Article 1320 of the Civil Code regarding the bonded bondage system to clove farmers as local wisdom in preventing the occurrence of problems that arise because of the clove bonded agreement and to find out the obstacles faced in the application of article 1320 of the civil code to the bonded system. On Clove Farmers in Kaidundu Village as Local Wisdom. Research Using this type of normative-empirical research. By using several approaches, namely: statutory approach (statue approach), case approach (case approach). The results of this study indicate that: First, the clove bonded bondage system in Kaidundu Village is a custom or habit that was born and developed in the Kaidundu Village community since the last decades, the agreement system by means of bonded bondage involves sellers (farmers) and buyers (middlemen). . However, based on the law in force in article 1320 it is stated that, that the legal requirements for an agreement are agreement, competence, a certain matter and a lawful cause. However, in reality in society not all parties understand and understand what an agreement is considered. So that researchers can conclude that the bondage system in Kaidundu Village is a habit that has been passed down from generation to generation, but the community must understand and know that there are rules governing this bondage system. Second, the obstacles faced by the people of Kaidundu Village, especially those involved in the case of the Clove ijon system, several obstacle factors faced, namely: Legal factors, where there is no agreement or agreement that binds both parties, both the seller (farmer) and buyer (middleman). And there are no regulations in the form of Perdes (Village Regulations) which regulate the existence of the clove bondage system. The ijon system agreement is only based on trust.

The existence of legal aid in a legal state is a necessity to provide legal assistance for the poor as mandated by the constitution. The implementation of the provision of legal aid to citizens is an effort to fulfill and at the same time as the implementation of a state of law that recognizes and protects and guarantees the human rights of citizens for the need for access to justice and equality before the law. The purpose of this service is to provide information to the community regarding the existence of legal aid for the poor in Pasarwajo Subdistrict This service activity is carried out in the form of lectures, questions and answers / discussions in which the speaker presents the material or presentation of the material then continues with a two-way discussion (question and answer). The findings obtained, that so far the community has not received complete information about legal assistance to the poor without being charged. After the socialization activity, the community, especially those in Pasarwajo Sub-district, had received information about legal aid. In addition, the activity was followed up with the formation of an institution that focuses on assisting legal cases affecting the poor in Pasarwajo Sub-district.