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As a multicultural country, Indonesia grows and develops with various cultural structures, ethnicities, religions and races. The diversity that occurs for a long time makes it possible for marriages with different religions to occur. Interfaith marriage in the Catholic Church is not allowed, but there is a dispensation so there are people who do it. As happened at the Sacred Heart of Jesus Simo Church, Boyolali, from the data for 2018-2023, there were 41 marriages and 9 of them were married to different religions (Cult Disparity). This phenomenon occurs due to several things including a lack of appreciation of faith, not enough socializing in the Church, pregnancy outside of marriage, a high sense of tolerance, many public schools in the village, places of worship that are close enough to allow the existence of many followers of other religions. The purpose of this research is to find out the nature of marriage of interfaith marriage couples, the application of children's faith education and the development of parents' faith from interfaith marriages. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with interviews with informants. The results showed that the impact of interfaith marriage on the faith education of children under five is positive because since infancy they have been baptized in accordance with the nature of Catholic marriage. Based on the results of the study, each partner respects and supports the other's beliefs in the midst of differences. In educating children's faith in the golden age period, they can be baptized.    

The sacraments of baptism and the Lord’s Supper are the two main sacraments in the Christian tradition, both carrying profound theological and spiritual significance. A sacrament contains two essential elements: an outward sign (such as water, bread, and wine) and a spiritual reality (namely, the grace of God given through the sign). A sacrament is not merely a symbol, but a means of communion with Christ that strengthens faith and bears witness to God’s grace. In Christian theology, a sacrament is broadly defined as a rite or religious ceremony performed to symbolize or help bring about a transformation in the lives of those who participate in it. The Sacrament of the Lord’s Supper is one of the key sacraments in the Christian tradition, symbolizing the fellowship of believers with Christ through the shared consumption of bread and wine. Its meaning is profound, as it is not only a remembrance of Jesus Christ’s sacrifice on the cross, but also an expression of faith and a deep reflection on the saving love of God. The Lord’s Supper also contains an eschatological meaning, pointing believers toward the future. In each celebration of the Lord’s Supper, the people of Christ anticipate the heavenly banquet at the end of the age.  

The mission of God, or Mission Dei, begins with God Himself. God is not only the source of salvation, but also the center of the mission; therefore, without God there is no mission. So, God is the source, initiator, executor, and fulfiller of His purpose. The purpose comes from the heart of God and never changes. The cultural mandate, or cultural mandate, is the first mandate given to humans. God made humans to rule over all living things, including livestock, sea animals, birds of the air, and fish in the sea and the Great Commission written in Matthew 28:19-20 tells of Jesus' mission asking everyone to go, make disciples, baptize, and teach. This study was conducted using a qualitative approach through literature study. This study concluded that by studying holistic mission theology based on Genesis 1:28 and Matthew 28:19-20, we can understand that mission is not only preaching the Word but also having the responsibility to prosper humans both physically and spiritually and can manage natural resources where they are.

This study aims to examine the concept of the Son of God in the Gospel of John 17:1–26 from a theological perspective. The Gospel of John, one of the canonical Gospels, distinctively emphasizes the divine identity of Jesus as the Son of God. In chapter 17, Jesus prays to His Father in heaven, affirming His unique relationship as the Son of God. The research method employed is biblical text analysis using an exegetical approach. Data were collected from prominent theological sources and relevant academic literature. The findings indicate that the concept of the Son of God in John 17:1–26 encompasses several important theological dimensions, including: first, His equality with God the Father in divinity; second, the uniqueness of His relationship with the Father as the beloved Son; and third, His role in God's plan of salvation for humanity. The conclusion of this study is that the concept of the Son of God in John 17:1–26 affirms the divine identity of Jesus and reveals His intimate relationship with God the Father. This concept has significant theological implications for the Christian understanding of the divinity of Jesus Christ.

Service-based leadership is a leadership approach that prioritizes devotion to others as the center of a leader's function. In the Christian view, this model is rooted in the example set by Jesus Christ who came to serve, not to be served (Mark 10:45). The concept of servant leadership emphasizes values such as simplicity, love, sacrifice, and moral responsibility towards those being led. This study aims to explore how servant leadership influences and shapes the formulation of vision and mission in the context of Christian organizations or ministries. Vision and mission not only function as strategic guidelines, but also reflect the calling and obedience to God's will. A Christian leader who adopts the principle of servant leadership will create a vision that focuses on the common good, spiritual growth, and empowerment of community members. Meanwhile, the mission is designed to manifest the love of Christ in real terms through actions and programs that have a broad impact. In this context, sensitivity to the leadership of the Holy Spirit, integrity in leadership, and the ability to motivate and support the development of others are needed. This study concludes that servant leadership from a Christian perspective not only functions well in organizations, but also strengthens the spirituality and unity of the body of Christ. Therefore, the formulation of the vision and mission resulting from the principle of serving not only reflects the direction, but also becomes a testimony of faith that lives in the community. Thus, servant leadership becomes a strong foundation in building a Christian organization that is relevant, impactful, and oriented towards the values of the kingdom of God, and is able to answer the challenges of the times with love, exemplary behavior, and sincere devotion and glorify God in service.

The resurrection of the body is a key foundation of the Christian faith, as it demonstrates the power of Jesus to overcome death and sin, and provides hope for life after death for His followers. This teaching is clearly presented in the Bible. Many people wonder about the condition of the soul after death. Whether the resurrection of the body is in accordance with the teachings of the Bible, how the resurrection process takes place, whether there is a difference between the resurrection for believers and unbelievers. This article therefore aims to provide an in-depth insight into the concept of bodily resurrection in the Bible, including key verses. The glorious resurrection of the body is the essence of Christian hope and a promise that changes the way believers view life and death. By understanding the Bible's teaching on resurrection, Christians can find comfort, motivation, and purpose in their lives, as well as confidence in a future filled with promise and glory. This article is expected to be a source of reflection and a deeper understanding of the resurrection of the body in the context of Christian faith.” This writing is done using a descriptive qualitative method, which is using literature from books or journal articles that have been made. The Bible teaches that death is not the end of everything, but rather a transition to the promised resurrection. This concept is rooted in the resurrection of Jesus.

One branch of Christian theology is Christology which focuses on the study of Jesus Christ. Specifically, it talks about who Jesus Christ is, His nature as God and man (Divine nature and human nature), His position, His presence as a savior, reconciler, redeemer of human sins and talks about the teachings of Christ that are useful in everyday life for Christians. Studying Christology, increases knowledge and also knows His teachings that function to help face life's challenges. Christology is not just a religious study but is useful for strengthening faith, increasing hope, and improving the spiritual life of Christians. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach through literature study. This research concluded that by studying Christology and the teachings of Christ, as Christians we can emulate what Christ taught such as love and forgiveness, sacrifice and service and behavior in life.  

Paul's educating on the moment coming of Jesus Christ plays a imperative part in forming Christian religious philosophy and morals. In his epistles, Paul emphasizes that the return of Christ isn't simply a promise for long haul; it may be a living reality of confidence that provides trust and changes the way devotees live. The call to heavenly living within the present is integrated with the guarantee of salvation that will be satisfied at Christ's return. Agreeing to Paul, confidence in Christ must be illustrated through a life filled with love, truth, and sacredness. This is often since the hope of the Lord's coming is an fundamental portion of the moral obligation of each devotee. The understanding of Christ's return, in Paul's point of view, isn't only eschatological but too profoundly associated to the practical viewpoints of the believer's way of life. Within the setting of the early church—marked by abuse, doctrinal disarray, and ethical crisis—Paul demands that the trust of Christ's return ought to result in a life that's satisfying and commendable some time recently God. The long run. coming of Christ includes not as it were judgment or eminence, but too every day reliability. The point of this ponder is to investigate how Paul gets it the moment coming of Jesus in connection to the guarantee of salvation and from the values of the Kingdom of God.

Many individuals, including those who profess faith, often struggle to endure the various forms of suffering encountered in life, primarily because it is difficult for human beings to accept pain and trials as part of their earthly journey. As a result, some fail to attain the promise of eternal happiness at the culmination of their lives. According to the Christian faith, true and lasting happiness is not achieved through worldly comfort but is reserved only for those who consistently read and meditate on the Scriptures, whether privately or in communal settings, who strive to preserve holiness in their daily lives, who remain faithful in following Jesus even until death, and who demonstrate obedience to God’s Word. Such believers will not experience eternal death but are granted the privilege to enter the holy city and participate in the joyous banquet of Christ. The purpose of this research is to explore the pathway toward attaining genuine happiness, both in earthly life and ultimately in the holy city of God, which requires a willingness to endure even physical suffering, potentially unto death. To ensure reliable findings, the study employs a qualitative methodology with a grammatical-textual approach combined with interviews. The findings indicate that believers who comprehend the meaning of the Greek concept “μακάριος” (makarios) as it appears in the Book of Revelation will gain firm confidence to endure suffering, maintaining faith and perseverance, even if that perseverance leads to martyrdom for the sake of Christ Jesus.

In Indonesia, the Christian faith is often misunderstood in the context of religious pluralism. Aware of the multi-religious nature of this nation, consideration arises as to what appropriate ideas can be applied to communicating the Christian faith within the context of interfaith theology. The challenges and opportunities in communicating the Christian faith must also be considered. Challenges within interfaith communities include the potential for exclusivism and dogmatism, pluralism, relativism, and inclusivism. These pose significant challenges and dangers to one's faith. If the confession that Jesus is the only Way of Salvation is not sensitive to these circumstances, it can erode, leading to a tendency to deny and equate all religions with the same. This research uses a qualitative method focused on literature review, where sources are obtained from books, journals, and other scholarly works. All scientific references used align with the theme of this paper, namely, "Opportunities and Challenges of Christian Faith Within the Framework of the Theology of Religions."

This study aims to further explore the dimensions of humor in Jesus' teachings and its implications for the practice of Christianity in the contemporary era. Although humor is often overlooked in a spiritual context, this study aims to further explain Jesus' humor, which functions as the most effective communication tool to convey deeper spiritual messages. In addition, through techniques such as irony, hyperbole, and parables, Jesus not only aims to entertain, but also encourages listeners to reflect on better moral values. This finding has highlighted the importance of integrating humor into the spiritual experience of Christians, which can create a more inclusive approach to forming an atmosphere of joy and laughter as an integral part of faith. Therefore, through this study, the author focuses on the importance of understanding Jesus' humor in order to improve understanding of spiritual experiences and also strengthen the bonds of the church community.

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is transmitted through the bites of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Efforts that can be made to reduce the incidence of dengue fever are through the 3M plus movements (draining, burying and covering) and carrying out preventive activities such as sprinkling larvicide powder, using mosquito repellent, and planting mosquito repellent plants. The aim of this community service is to increase public knowledge about recognizing and preventing dengue fever as an effort to prevent and control the disease. The activities were carried out at Padukuhan Nologaten, Caturtunggal Village, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta Province in May-June 2024. The activities carried out include situation analysis, preparation, implementation, monitoring and evaluation, and analysis and reporting. The participants of this activity numbered 37 people with the majority aged 46-65 years (48%) and college education background (48%). The average level of community knowledge about the prevention and control of dengue fever before counseling (pre-test) was good (89%) and sufficient (11%) and after counseling, the level of community knowledge increased to good (95%).

The transformation of education in the digital age demands an integrative approach between spiritual strategies and learning technologies. This article combines the principles of Jesus' teaching according to Matthew 5–7 and the church's strategies in shaping responsible servant leaders with innovative learning approaches that strengthen the professional competencies of Christian Religious Education (PAK) teachers. The research method used is a literature review of two relevant articles. The results indicate that the integration of spiritual disciplines (such as discipleship, prayer, obedience) and technological innovations (such as flipped learning, blended learning, and game-based learning) contributes to the improvement of contextual Christian education quality. PAK teachers act as agents of transformation to deliver meaningful learning, Christian character, and balanced technological mastery.

The phrase “Emptying Himself,” by the apostle Paul addressed to the Lord Jesus in Philippians 2:7 can be interpreted in various ways. The phrase can be interpreted that when Jesus was born into the world he was like a human being in general, not divine. It can also be interpreted that Jesus was actually a human being in general who was born with a special mission like the prophets who lived in the Old Testament. The text research on “emptying oneself” is currently one of the important verses in Christian theology regarding Christology, because it describes the action of Jesus Christ who was willing to ‘empty himself’ or what is known as kenosis. The research on the text of Philippians 2:7 will be carried out by analyzing the Greek word kenosis using the literal interpretation method, namely looking for the meaning of the original language of writing, namely Greek. To support the literal interpretation, the researcher will also conduct a contextual, grammatical and historical interpretation study. The research on this text produces meanings including: Jesus gave up His divine attributes without losing the essence of His divinity, in order to become a limited human being and take on the form of a servant. This action not only shows the love and humility of Jesus, who is an example for Christians in everyday life, but also the understanding of the essence of Christ's theology.

Suffering is a condition where a person experiences pain or difficulty in living their life. Paul's words about "fulfilling what was lacking in Christ's suffering" raise the question that whether Christ's suffering on the cross was incomplete? And it is as if Christ's suffering was ineffective and limited so that redemption had to be completed or completed through Paul's suffering. However, Christ's suffering on the Cross was perfect, sufficient to atone for human sins and did not need to be fulfilled again. The thing that needs to be accomplished or fulfilled is suffering for the sake of preaching the Gospel, about Christ who was incarnated as a human, died as a ransom sacrifice and was resurrected from the dead. So everyone can know God through His power and resurrection. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods. The purpose of this study is first to "deliver a theological answer regarding the meaning of "filling up in my flesh what is lacking in the sufferings of Christ" Second, to provide an important meaning that every believer must truly live in Christ, because the perfect redemption of Jesus Christ has been done to save mankind. The final result of the study on Colossians 1:24 provides the meaning that every believer is called to fill up what is lacking in the sufferings of Christ, namely, the suffering related to the challenges of preaching the gospel. Like Paul who was never free from suffering when preaching the gospel, but Paul remained joyful, and continued to preach the gospel. Likewise, we as believers should follow Paul's example so that the gospel can be spread throughout the face of the earth.

This study examines the development of Christological understanding in various cultural, historical and social contexts. Christology, as the study of the person and work of Jesus Christ, is central to the Christian faith and influences mission and religious practice. This study analyzes the basic understanding of Christology, its relationship to mission, its role in cultural contexts, and its development from the first Christian generation to contemporary life. Christological challenges identified include the tension between Jesus' humanity and divinity, and the contextualization of Christ's teachings in a pluralistic society. The findings show that a comprehensive christological understanding can bridge cultural differences and enrich interfaith dialog. The study also underscores the importance of applying Christological principles in daily life to create positive social impact and strengthen mission commitments.

This article analyzes the depiction of Jesus Christ from various scriptural perspectives and examines the impact of the diversity of Christological experiences on Christian faith. Research shows that the Bible presents a varied picture of Jesus: Mark's Gospel presents Him as the Suffering but Powerful Servant; Matthew as the Messianic King and Great Teacher; John as the eternal Logos (Word); and Revelation depicts Him through symbols of glory as King, Judge, and Redeemer. The diversity of Christological experiences produces positive impacts in the form of deeper understanding, theological enrichment, and facilitation of interfaith dialogue. However, this diversity also has the potential to cause misunderstandings, theological conflicts, and identity crises if not properly understood. This article also explores how cultural and historical backgrounds significantly influence interpretations of Jesus, from the first-century Jewish context to contemporary interpretations in various global cultural contexts. In conclusion, although understandings of Jesus continue to evolve according to context, it is important for people to maintain their theological identity while remaining open to various enriching perspectives.

Christian education has played a significant role in shaping individual character, thought, and morality across the globe. One of the most influential figures in this field is Ignatius Loyola (1491-1556), founder of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits). Loyola’s educational philosophy, rooted in Catholic spirituality, emphasizes discipline, character formation, and the integration of faith and intellect. The purpose of this study is to explore the theological foundations of Christian education according to Ignatius Loyola, outline the core principles of his educational thought, and examine its relevance to contemporary Christian education. Data were collected through a literature review of books and scholarly articles. Loyola’s approach, known as Ignatian education, focuses on holistic development-spiritual, intellectual, and social-embodied in the principle of "cura personalis" or care for the whole person. His model has profoundly influenced Catholic educational institutions worldwide. The findings highlight that Ignatian pedagogy not only nurtures academic excellence but also fosters a spirit of service and commitment to God. This research provides insights for educators and institutions aiming to implement Christian values in modern educational settings.

The existence of various views on the Incarnation of Christ often causes confusion. Each view provides different arguments. Therefore, a biblical study is needed to provide answers based on biblical principles. The methodology applied is exegesis. Exegesis is a way to interpret the Bible by emphasizing different approaches in the analysis of the original languages of the Bible as the main foundation. In this way, a biblical truth is obtained that can answer the various views that exist. The term incarnation comes from the Latin incarnatio which is composed of in and carnis (in the flesh). This term comes from the Greek translation “σὰρξ sarx sarcosis. Literally, σὰρξ sarcosis means to become flesh. Flesh is literally the muscular part that covers the bones of the human body. Synecdically (a figure of speech that uses a part of something to represent the whole or vice versa, to create a rhetorical or creative effect), it means the physical body as a whole flesh, which is related to the scope of the human worldly situation or mortal nature, earthly descent, blood ties, ethnic groups, and races. In general, this term gives the impression of weakness, fragility, mortality, and participation in human nature. The term σὰρξ – sarx sarcosis is closely related to the opening of the Gospel of John which reveals the word that became flesh (John 1:14). The term flesh (Greek: σὰρξ sarx) in biblical terminology refers to humans with all their anthropological dimensions. In theological terminology, The incarnation is a historical fact that explains that the invisible God, who spoke His word to humans, now clearly appeared as a human being. Jesus Christ is the Word of God who became flesh (John 1:14)

This article discusses the design and development of a Christian Religious Education (PAK) curriculum for families with the aim of making families salt and light in the world. Referring to the teachings of Jesus in the Gospel of Matthew 5:13-16, families are expected to be role models in everyday life through the application of Christian values. This curriculum includes teaching about family theology, the application of Christ's teachings in practical life, character building, and strengthening relationships between family members. The method used in this article is a qualitative method of data obtained through interviews with several families who have implemented the PAK Family curriculum. Curriculum planning is adjusted to the age and developmental stage of family members, and is accompanied by an evaluation to assess the effectiveness of implementation. The role of the church in supporting the implementation of this curriculum is also discussed, where the church functions as a partner in providing resources and training for families. This research is expected to provide a positive contribution to the formation of families based on the Christian faith, which can have a broad impact on society as true salt and light.